Formation Of Carboxyl Group By Carbonation Patents (Class 562/550)
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Patent number: 9982353Abstract: Water electrolyzers employs base metal catalysts and an anion-conducting polymeric membrane comprising a polymer of styrene, vinylbenzyl-Rs and possibly vinylbenzyl-Rx. Rs is a positively charged cyclic amine group. Rx is at least one constituent selected from the group consisting of —Cl, —OH, and a reaction product between an —OH or —Cl and a species other than a simple amine or a cyclic amine.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 2017Date of Patent: May 29, 2018Assignee: Dioxide Materials, Inc.Inventors: Richard I. Masel, Zengcai Liu
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Patent number: 9945040Abstract: A catalyst layer for an electrochemical device comprises a catalytically active element and an ion conducting polymer. The ion conducting polymer comprises positively charged cyclic amine groups. The ion conducting polymer comprises at least one of an imidazolium, a pyridinium, a pyrazolium, a pyrrolidinium, a pyrrolium, a pyrimidium, a piperidinium, an indolium, a triazinium, and polymers thereof. The catalytically active element comprises at least one of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Al, Si, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Sb, Te, U, Sm, Tb, La, Ce and Nd. In an electrolyzer comprising the present catalyst layer, the feed to the electrolyzer comprises at least one of CO2 and H2O.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 2016Date of Patent: April 17, 2018Assignee: Dioxide Materials, Inc.Inventors: Richard I. Masel, Zengcai Liu, Robert Kutz, Syed Dawar Sajjad
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Patent number: 9758461Abstract: Catalytic process for preparing an ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, wherein an alkene and carbon dioxide are reacted in the presence of a carboxylation catalyst and in the presence of a specific aryloxide to obtain the ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, the carboxylation catalyst being a transition metal complex. The process allows for efficient preparation of ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives from CO2 and an alkene.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 2015Date of Patent: September 12, 2017Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Michael Limbach, Michael Lejkowski, Nuria Huguet Subiela, Alvaro Gordillo, Ronald Lindner, Miriam Bru Roig, Stephan A. Schunk
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Patent number: 9346772Abstract: The present application relates to a preparation method for solid powder of a carbamic acid derivative, which includes reacting an amine derivative with carbon dioxide at a temperature in a range of from about ?30° C. to about 500° C. and at a pressure in a range of from about 0.3 MPa to about 100 MPa. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a reduction method for solid powder of a carbamic acid derivative to an amine derivative and carbon dioxide, which includes dissolving solid powder of the carbamic acid derivative prepared in a solvent; refluxing the carbamic acid derivative at a temperature in a range of from about 30° C. to about 100° C.; and evaporating the solvent.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 2015Date of Patent: May 24, 2016Assignee: Sogang University Research FoundationInventors: Nam Hwi Hur, Byeong No Lee
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Publication number: 20150099886Abstract: The present application relates to a preparation method for solid powder of a carbamic acid derivative, which includes reacting an amine derivative with carbon dioxide at a temperature in a range of from about ?30° C. to about 500° C. and at a pressure in a range of from about 0.3 MPa to about 100 MPa. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a reduction method for solid powder of a carbamic acid derivative to an amine derivative and carbon dioxide, which includes dissolving solid powder of the carbamic acid derivative prepared in a solvent; refluxing the carbamic acid derivative at a temperature in a range of from about 30° C. to about 100° C.; and evaporating the solvent.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 11, 2014Publication date: April 9, 2015Inventors: Nam Hwi HUR, Byeong No LEE
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Publication number: 20150051421Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of D,L-methionine, in which carbon dioxide is fed to an aqueous potassium methioninate solution obtained by hydrolysis of 5-(2-methylmercaptoethyl)hydantoin, in order to precipitate out crude methionine, which is separated off and purified, where, for the purposes of purification, an aqueous solution of the separated-off crude methionine is prepared and subjected to a recrystallization, characterized in that the solution from which the recrystallization takes place contains potassium ions and also a crystallization additive, where the crystallization additive is a nonionic or anionic surfactant, or a mixture of different nonionic or anionic surfactants, and that the recrystallization takes place by introducing a 60 to 110° C.-hot methionine solution into a 35 to 80° C.-warm methionine suspension, the temperature of which is lower than that of the introduced solution, the temperature of the methionine suspension being maintained between 35 and 80° C.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 26, 2013Publication date: February 19, 2015Applicant: EVONIK INDUSTRIES AGInventors: Martin Koerfer, Hans Joachim Hasselbach, Stefan Reichert, Harald Jakob, Christoph Weckbecker, Klaus Huthmacher, Horst Krull, Bernd Drapal, Rainer Peter
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Patent number: 8877965Abstract: A process for preparing formic acid by reaction of carbon dioxide (1) with hydrogen (2) in a hydrogenation reactor (I) in the presence of a catalyst comprising an element of group 8, 9 or 10 of the Periodic Table, a tertiary amine comprising at least 12 carbon atoms per molecule and a polar solvent comprising one or more monoalcohols selected from among methanol, ethanol, propanols and butanols, to form formic acid/amine adducts as intermediates which are subsequently thermally dissociated, where the work-up of the output (3) from the hydrogenation reactor (I) is carried out by addition of water so as to increase the distribution coefficient of the catalyst between the upper phase (4) and the lower phase.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 2011Date of Patent: November 4, 2014Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Thomas Schaub, Donata Maria Fries, Rocco Paciello, Klaus-Dieter Mohl, Martin Schäfer, Stefan Rittinger, Daniel Schneider
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Patent number: 8741255Abstract: Peroxo-carbonates derived from molten alkali and/or Group II metal salts, particularly carbonate salts are used as catalysts in oxidation and epoxidation reactions. Transition metal compounds may be included to improve the selectivity of the reactions.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 2007Date of Patent: June 3, 2014Assignee: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Helge Jaensch, Gary David Mohr
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Patent number: 8697909Abstract: In a process for preparing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of an ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, a) a transition metal-alkene complex is reacted with CO2 to give a metallalactone, b) the metallalactone is reacted with a base to give an adduct of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of the ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid with the transition metal complex, and c) the adduct is reacted with an alkene to release the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of the ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and regenerate the transition metal-alkene complex. The base is selected from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides and alkali metal or alkaline earth metal superbases. The alkene is, for example, ethene. The transition metal complex comprises, for example, nickel and a bidentate P,P, P,N, P,O or P,carbene ligand, such as 1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ethane.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 2012Date of Patent: April 15, 2014Assignee: BASF SEInventors: Michael Limbach, Ronald Lindner, Michael Ludwik Lejkowski, Takeharu Kageyama, Gabriella Eva Bodizs, Stephan Schunk, Cornelia Futter, Jörg Rother
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Publication number: 20140058132Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing acetylenedicarboxylic acid by reaction of acetylene with carbon dioxide, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a silver or copper salt and an amine base.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 16, 2013Publication date: February 27, 2014Applicant: BASF SEInventors: Matthias Arndt, Lukas J. Goossen
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Publication number: 20140051858Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a preparation method for powder of a carbamic acid derivative, which includes reacting a liquid amine derivative with carbon dioxide at a temperature in a range of from about ?30° C. to about 500° C. at a pressure in a range of from about 0.3 MPa to about 100 MPa. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a reduction method for powder of a carbamic acid derivative to a liquid amine derivative and carbon dioxide, which includes dissolving powder of the carbamic acid derivative prepared in a solvent; refluxing the carbamic acid derivative at a temperature in a range of from about 30° C. to about 100° C.; and evaporating the solvent.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 14, 2013Publication date: February 20, 2014Applicant: Sogang University Research FoundationInventors: Nam Hwi HUR, Byeong No LEE
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Publication number: 20140024800Abstract: A method for treating carbon dioxide includes preparing a polyamine composition and delivering a stream containing carbon dioxide to the polyamine composition. The carbon dioxide reacts with polyamine in the polyamine composition to form a carbamate salt. A method for producing polyurea from carbon dioxide includes delivering a stream containing carbon dioxide to a polyamine composition. The carbon dioxide reacts with polyamine in the polyamine composition to form a carbamate salt. The method also includes dehydrating the carbamate salt to produce polyurea.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 17, 2012Publication date: January 23, 2014Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTAInventor: Qianli Chu
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Publication number: 20140018573Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of preparing powder of a solid carbazic acid derivative, which involves inducing a reaction of a liquid hydrazine derivative with carbon dioxide at a high pressure of from about 0.5 MPa to about 100 MPa. During the reaction, the pressure may range from about 0.5 MPa to about 100 MPa. In this regard, although the reaction of the carbon dioxide with the liquid hydrazine derivative occurs when the pressure is adjusted to below than about 0.5 MPa, sticky precipitates in a form of gel are gradually produced but the powder is not produced.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 27, 2013Publication date: January 16, 2014Inventors: Nam Hwi HUR, Byeong No LEE
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Publication number: 20140012000Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a propiolic acid or a derivative thereof by reacting a terminal alkyne with carbon dioxide, which comprises performing the reaction in the presence of a base and a copper complex, especially a copper (I) complex having at least one ligand, at least one of the ligands of the copper complex being selected from monodentate ligands which have an aminic or iminic nitrogen atom capable of coordination with copper, and polydentate ligands having at least two atoms or atom groups which are capable of simultaneous coordination with copper and are selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and carbene carbon.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 19, 2011Publication date: January 9, 2014Applicant: BASF SEInventors: Lukas J Goossen, Nuria Rodriguez Garrido, Filipe Manjolinho Costa, Paul P. Lange
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Publication number: 20120022290Abstract: A process for preparing formic acid by reaction of carbon dioxide (1) with hydrogen (2) in a hydrogenation reactor (I) in the presence of a catalyst comprising an element of group 8, 9 or 10 of the Periodic Table, a tertiary amine comprising at least 12 carbon atoms per molecule and a polar solvent comprising one or more monoalcohols selected from among methanol, ethanol, propanols and butanols, to form formic acid/amine adducts as intermediates which are subsequently thermally dissociated, where the work-up of the output (3) from the hydrogenation reactor (I) is carried out by addition of water so as to increase the distribution coefficient of the catalyst between the upper phase (4) and the lower phase.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 29, 2011Publication date: January 26, 2012Applicant: BASF SEInventors: Thomas Schaub, Donata Maria Fries, Rocco Paciello, Klaus-Dieter Mohl, Martin Schäfer, Stefan Rittinger, Daniel Schneider
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Publication number: 20110237830Abstract: Catalysts comprised of at least one catalytically active element and at least one helper catalyst are disclosed. The catalysts may be used to increase the rate, the selectivity or lower the overpotential of chemical reactions. These catalysts may be useful for a variety of chemical reactions including in particular the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to formic acid.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 4, 2010Publication date: September 29, 2011Applicant: Dioxide Materials IncInventor: Richard Isaac Masel
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Patent number: 7893298Abstract: The invention relates to a method for concentrating an aqueous ammonium carbamate stream, which has been formed in a process for the preparation of urea, has a pressure between 0.20 MPa and 0.9 MPa, a temperature between 35° C. and 95° C., and contains at least 25 wt. % H2O, comprising: a pressure increase step, in which the aqueous ammonium carbamate stream is increased in pressure to a pressure between 1.0 MPa and 7 MPa; a condensation step, in which the aqueous ammonium carbamate stream is contacted with a gas stream, which has been formed in a process for the preparation of melamine and which consists essentially of NH3, CO2 and optionally H2O and has a lower H2O content than the aqueous ammonium carbamate stream, the gas stream being absorbed in the aqueous ammonium carbamate stream in such a way that a concentrated ammonium carbamate stream is formed that contains between 15 and 35 wt. % H2O; a discharge step, in which the concentrated ammonium carbamate stream is separated and discharged.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 2006Date of Patent: February 22, 2011Assignee: Stamicarbon B.V.Inventors: Johannes Henricus J. H. Mennen, Tjay Tjien T. T. Tjioe
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Publication number: 20090030214Abstract: Peroxo-carbonates derived from molten alkali and/or Group II metal salts, particularly carbonate salts are used as catalysts in oxidation and epoxidation reactions, transition metal compounds may be included to improve the selectivity of the reactions.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 27, 2007Publication date: January 29, 2009Inventors: Helge Jaensch, Gary David Mohr
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Patent number: 7399883Abstract: Disclosed in a process for making (1) a compound of the formula NC—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CO2R?, wherein R? is H or C1 to C12 alkyl, or (2) adipic acid or (3) dimethyl adipate, using as the substrate, 3-pentenenitrile, (2) 3-pentenoic acid or methyl 3-pentenoate, respectively, by contacting the substrate with carbon monoxide and a nucleophile in the presence of a Group VIII metal, a selected ligand, and an acid promoter. The nucleophile, which (a) an alcohol or water, or (b) water or (c) methanol, respectively, in the presence of a Group VIII metal, preferably palladium, a selected phosphine ligand, and an acid promoter.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 2006Date of Patent: July 15, 2008Assignee: Invista North America S.A.R.L.Inventors: Emilio E. Brunel, David A. Clark
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Publication number: 20080051601Abstract: A method for removing aldehyde impurities from an acetic acid stream is disclosed. The method comprises reacting aldehyde impurities with a hydroxyl compound in a drying distillation column or a combined column to form corresponding acetals. The acetals are subsequently removed as heavy impurities from acetic acid by distillation.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 22, 2006Publication date: February 28, 2008Inventors: Gary A. Sawyer, Wayne J. Brtko, Ronnie M. Hanes, Brian A. Salisbury
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Patent number: 6960682Abstract: Acetyl anhydrides such as acetyl sulfate are produced by a process for comprising contacting methane and carbon dioxide in an anhydrous environment in the presence of effective amounts of a transition metal catalyst and a reaction promoter, and an acid anhydride compound, and optionally an acid. The acetyl anhydride can be contacted with water to produce acetic acid or with an alcohol to produce a product comprising an acetate ester and that may also comprise acetic acid. Optionally, water in stoichiometric amounts or less, with respect to the acetic anhydride, may be fed to a continuous process of this type to produce some acetic acid in situ.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 2004Date of Patent: November 1, 2005Assignees: The Regents of the University of California, BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: Alexis T. Bell, Sudip Mukhopadhyay, Mark Zerella, John Glenn Sunley, Sander Gaemers, Michael James Muskett
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Patent number: 6914157Abstract: The invention relates to a method for obtaining an ammonium carbamate solution from a gas mixture that contains more than 40 wt. % NH3, less than 50 wt. % CO2 and less than 40 wt. % H2O and has a pressure between 0.1 MPa and 4 MPa, comprising a compression step, in which the pressure of the gas mixture is increased to a pressure between 0.5 MPa and 25 MPa, and an absorption step.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 2002Date of Patent: July 5, 2005Assignee: DSM IP Assets B.V.Inventor: Guillaume Mario Hubert Jozef Lardinois
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Patent number: 6646154Abstract: A vapor-phase carbonylation method for producing esters and carboxylic acids from reactants comprising lower alkyl alcohols, lower alkyl alcohol generating compounds, and mixtures thereof. The method includes contacting the reactants and carbon monoxide in a carbonylation zone of a carbonylation reactor under vapor-phase carbonylation conditions with a catalyst having a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII metal selected from platinum or palladium, and tungsten which are associated with a solid catalyst support material.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 2001Date of Patent: November 11, 2003Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: Joseph Robert Zoeller, Andy Hugh Singleton, Gerald Charles Tustin, Donald Lee Carver
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Publication number: 20030065217Abstract: A vapor-phase carbonylation method for producing esters and carboxylic acids from reactants comprising lower alkyl alcohols, lower alkyl alcohol generating compounds, and mixtures thereof. The method includes contacting the reactants and carbon monoxide in a carbonylation zone of a carbonylation reactor under vapor-phase conditions with a catalyst having a catalytically effective amount of iridium and tin associated with a solid carrier material.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2001Publication date: April 3, 2003Inventors: Joseph Zoeller, Andy Singleton, Gerald Tustin, Donald Carver
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Publication number: 20030060660Abstract: A vapor-phase carbonylation method for producing esters and carboxylic acids from reactants comprising lower alkyl alcohols, lower alkyl alcohol generating compounds, and mixtures thereof. The method includes contacting the reactants and carbon monoxide in a carbonylation zone of a carbonylation reactor under vapor-phase carbonylation conditions with a catalyst having a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII metal selected from platinum or palladium, and tungsten which are associated with a solid catalyst support material.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2001Publication date: March 27, 2003Inventors: Joseph Zoeller, Andy Singleton, Gerald Tustin, Donald Carver
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Publication number: 20030018213Abstract: The invention relates to a process for monitoring acetic acid and/or methyl acetate production in a continuous preparative process by the carbonylation of methanol or a carbonylatable derivative of methanol with carbon monoxide in the liquid phase, in the presence of water and a homogeneous catalyst system, carried out in an industrial installation comprising a reaction zone, a flash zone and a distillative purification zone, wherein the reactor temperature and the feed rate of the methanol or carbonylatable derivative in said reactor are brought under the control, preferably via a multivariable predictive controller, of the carbon monoxide feed rate and at least one of the parameters defining the composition of the reaction medium and/or the vents.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 13, 2001Publication date: January 23, 2003Inventor: Daniel Thiebaut
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Publication number: 20020169339Abstract: Aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, as exemplified by 9-carboxy-1,18-octadecanedioic acid, may be prepared by the biotransformation of an olefinic monocarboxylic acid such as oleic acid to the corresponding olefinic dicarboxylic acid, preferably 1,18-octadec-9-enedioic acid, in the presence of a strain of yeast, such as a strain of Candida tropicalis, followed by the carboxylation of the olefinic dicarboxylic acid by reaction with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of a catalyst. The product tricarboxylic acids are useful as branching agents for polycarbonates.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 10, 2002Publication date: November 14, 2002Inventors: David Paul Mobley, Mohan Mark Amaratunga, John Henry Lobos
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Publication number: 20010044556Abstract: Process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds having 3 or more carbon atoms by reaction with carbon monoxide and an hydroxyl group containing compound in the presence of a catalyst system.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 13, 2001Publication date: November 22, 2001Inventors: Eit Drent, Willem Wabe Jager
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Patent number: 5981797Abstract: Diamine carbamates are prepared by spraying liquid diamine into carbon dioxide gas, in the optional presence of a propellant.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1998Date of Patent: November 9, 1999Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: John Harry Orth
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Patent number: 5731486Abstract: A method for producing 3-methyl-2-pentene which is substantially free of any other C.sub.6 olefin, except 2-ethyl-1-butene, by first producing a stream that contains 2-ethyl-1-butene from the trimerization of ethylene, and second by recovering the 2-ethyl-1-butene as 3-methyl-2-pentene via etherification, separation of the ether, and decomposition of the ether back to predominantly 3-methyl-2-pentene with some 2-ethyl-1-butene.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1995Date of Patent: March 24, 1998Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents IncInventors: Dan E. Hendriksen, Gerald G. McGlamery, Michael J. Keenan, Derrick D. Pete
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Patent number: 5463157Abstract: A method for producing 3-methyl-2-pentene which is substantially free of any other C.sub.6 olefin, except 2-ethyl-1-butene, by first producing a stream that contains 2-ethyl-1-butene from the trimerization of ethylene, and second by recovering the 2-ethyl-1-butene as 3-methyl-2-pentene via etherification, separation of the ether, and decomposition of the ether back to predominantly 3-methyl-2-pentene with some 2-ethyl-1-butene.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1993Date of Patent: October 31, 1995Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc.Inventors: Dan E. Hendriksen, Gerald G. McGlamery, Michael J. Keenan, Derrick D. Pete
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Patent number: 5455373Abstract: A method of producing perfluorocarbon halides in a one-pot reaction is described. The method employs a perfluorocarbon acid, a first halogenating agent and a second halogen which drives the reaction forward. Novel perfluorocarbon halides and a direct method for producing perfluorocarbon hypohalites also are described.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1994Date of Patent: October 3, 1995Assignee: Exfluor Research CorporationInventor: Hajimu Kawa
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Patent number: 5202479Abstract: A process for preparing glycine which comprises the steps of reacting glycolonitrile, carbon dioxide gas, ammonia and water to obtain a reaction solution containing glycine, concentrating this reaction solution in two steps, recycling a gaseous phase portion formed in a primary concentration step to a reaction zone, and recycling to the reaction zone, a mother liquor left after glycine crystals have been separated from a concentrate obtained in a secondary concentration step.Type: GrantFiled: February 1, 1991Date of Patent: April 13, 1993Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Kenji Fujiwara, Nobutaka Ueda, Yuji Matsuu, Hiroshi Kato, Atsuhiko Hiai
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Patent number: 5198573Abstract: Diesters of hexene-1,6-dioic acids are prepared by reacting at least one 1,2-dialkoxy-3-butene with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a palladium-based catalyst and a halogen compound, in liquid phase, at elevated temperature and at superatmospheric pressure.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 1991Date of Patent: March 30, 1993Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventors: Helene Deweerdt, Jean Jenck, Philippe Kalck, Sylvain Mutez, Robert Perron
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Patent number: 5189205Abstract: A process for preparing isocyanates comprising (a) contacting carbon dioxide and a primary amine in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent and an organic, nitrogenous base to produce the corresponding ammonium carbamate salt, and (b) reacting the ammonium carbamate salt with an electrophilic or oxophilic dehydrating agent to produce the corresponding isocyanate. A second embodiment comprises recovering the ammonium carbamate salt of step (a) prior to reacting the ammonium carbamate salt with an electrophilic or oxophilic dehydrating agent in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent and an organic, nitrogenous base.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1992Date of Patent: February 23, 1993Assignee: Monsanto CompamyInventors: William D. McGhee, Thomas E. Waldman
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Patent number: 5124082Abstract: A method for preparing .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids of the formulaR.sub.1 (R.sub.2)C.dbd.C(R.sub.3)CO.sub.2 Hwhere R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 can be hydrogen, fluorine, alkyl, or alkyl containing fluorine, but at least one of R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 is fluorine or alkyl containing fluorine. The method involves reacting an alkenyl halide containing fluorine having the general formulaR.sub.1 (R.sub.2)C.dbd.C(R.sub.3)Xwhere R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 are the same as above, and X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine with carbon dioxide in an aprotic polar organic solvent and in the presence of activated zinc. The activated zinc is activated by pretreatment with a mineral acid or acetic acid. At least one cation is present during the reaction which is an alkali metal ion, alkaline earth metal ion or ammonium ion. The cation is present in an amount of 0.01 to 50 gram atoms per one mol of alkenyl halide containig fluorine. The resulting product is hydrolyzed.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1987Date of Patent: June 23, 1992Assignee: Tosoh CorporationInventors: Mitsuru Takahashi, Hideo Shuyama, Kiyotaka Oyama
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Patent number: 4879070Abstract: Formate salts of nitrogenous bases containing a tertiary nitrogen atom are prepared by reacting the nitrogenous base with carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst comprising an inorganic or organometallic compound of rhodium and an organophosphorus compound. The catalysts disclosed effect the reaction at a lower temperature and at higher productivities relative to the Group VIII metal catalysts of the prior art.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1988Date of Patent: November 7, 1989Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventor: Alexander G. Kent
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Patent number: 4851161Abstract: .beta.-substituted polyfluoropropionate salts, derivatives and copolymers and processes for the preparation thereof.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1986Date of Patent: July 25, 1989Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Carl G. Krespan
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Patent number: 4578222Abstract: A process for preparing a perfluorinated or polyfluorinated aliphatic carboxylic acids wherein a perfluorinated or polyfluorinated aliphatic halide of the formula: R.sub.f X where R.sub.f is a perfluorinated or polyfluorinated aliphatic group and X is a halogen atom is reacted with carbon dioxide in the presence of metal under the irradiation of ultrasound and the reaction product is hydrolyzed to form a perfluorinated or polyfluorinated aliphatic carboxylic acid of the formula: R.sub.f COOH where R.sub.f is the same as defined above.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1985Date of Patent: March 25, 1986Assignees: Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd., Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Inventors: Nobuo Ishikawa, Mitsuru Takahashi
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Patent number: 4474959Abstract: Formate salts of nitrogenous bases containing tertiary nitrogen are prepared by reacting the nitrogenous base with carbon dioxide and hydrogen using a soluble transition metal catalyst. For example triethylamine is reacted with carbon dioxide and hydrogen using ruthenium trichloride as catalyst and an isopropanol/water mixture as solvent to yield triethylammonium formate which was separated from the reaction mixture by distillation.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1983Date of Patent: October 2, 1984Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: David J. Drury, John E. Hamlin
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Patent number: 4467089Abstract: Novel carbamic and carbonic acid derivatives are provided by simultaneous reaction of a secondary amine and a tertiary amine with carbon dioxide. These derivatives correspond in general to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be individual substituents attached to the N or together form with N a heterocyclic moiety; R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 may be individual short chain alkyl or hydroxyalkyl substituents on the N or form therewith a monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic moiety. These described compounds find particular use as heat activatable delayed action catalysts especially for use in polyurethane formulations.Type: GrantFiled: March 4, 1982Date of Patent: August 21, 1984Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventor: Ibrahim S. Bechara
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Patent number: 4234719Abstract: Cellulose acetate is produced from methanol, carbon monoxide and cellulose in an integrated series of steps wherein acetic anhydride produced in a first step by the carbonylation of methyl acetate is used to acetylate cellulose to produce cellulose acetate and to co-produce acetic acid, the co-produced acetic acid is dehydrated and the dehydrated acetic acid reacted with methanol to produce methyl acetate which is then fed to the first step and carbonylated to produce additional quantities of acetic anhydride.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1979Date of Patent: November 18, 1980Assignee: Halcon Research and Development Corp.Inventor: Chee-Gen Wan
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Patent number: 4234718Abstract: Cellulose acetate is produced from methanol, carbon monoxide and cellulose in an integrated series of steps wherein acetic anhydride produced in a first step by the carbonylation of methyl acetate is used to acetylate cellulose to produce cellulose acetate and to co-produce acetic acid is converted to ketene, the ketene is reacted with methanol to produce methyl acetate which is then fed to the first step and carbonylated to produce additional quantities of acetic anhydride.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1979Date of Patent: November 18, 1980Assignee: Halcon Research and Development Corp.Inventor: David Brown
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Patent number: 4221734Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of derivatives of perfluoroalkanecarboxylic acids and perfluoroalkanesulphinic acids by reacting a perfluoroalkylhalide having the general formula R.sub.F X, in which X represents an atom of chlorine, bromine, or iodine, and R.sub.F represents an unbranched or branched perfluorinated chain containing from 2 to 12 carbon atoms; with CO.sub.2 or SO.sub.2 in a solvent medium and in the presence of activated or unactivated zinc.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1977Date of Patent: September 9, 1980Assignee: Produits Chimiques Ugine KuhlmannInventors: Auguste Commeyras, Hubert Blancou, Andre Lantz
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Patent number: 4132732Abstract: Alpha-formyl acids are prepared by carboxylation of aldehydes in the presence of unsubstituted or substituted alkaline phenates, and of aprotic organic solvents.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1978Date of Patent: January 2, 1979Assignee: Montedison S.p.A.Inventors: Giorgio Bottaccio, Stefano Campolmi, Maria G. Felicioli