Abstract: Mixtures comprise (A) 90 to 99.9% by weight of a mixture of L- and D-enantiomers of methyl glycine diacetic acid (MGDA) or its respective mono-, di- or trialkali metal or mono-, di- or triammonium salts, said mixture containing predominantly the respective L-enantiomer with an enantiomeric excess (ee) in the range of from 10 to 99%, and (B) in total 0.1 to 10% by weight of the diacetic acid derivative of at least one amino acid selected from valine, leucine, isoleucine, and tyrosine, as free acids or respective mono-, di- or trialkali metal or mono-, di- or triammonium salts, percentages referring to the sum from (A) and (B).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing amphiphilic functionalized highly branched melamine-polyamine polymers by condensing melamine and optionally a melamine derivate having at least one different amine having at least two primary amino groups and optionally also with urea and/or at least one urea derivative and/or with at least one at least difunctional diisocyanate or polyisocyanate and/or at least one carbolic acid having at least two carboxyl groups or at least one derivative thereof, optionally quaternizing a portion of the amino groups of the polymer thereby obtained, reacting the polymer thus obtained with at least one compound capable of undergoing a condensation or addition reaction with amino groups, and optionally quaternizing at least part of the amino groups of the polymer obtained in the first step.

Abstract: Aqueous solution containing in the range of from 60.5 to 75% by weight of a mixture of trialkalimetal salts of the L-and D-enantiomers of methyl glycine diacetic acid (MGDA), said mixture containing predominantly the respective L-isomer with an enantiomeric excess (ee) in the range of from 3 to 97%, wherein said trialkali metal salts have the general formula (I) [CH3—CH(COO)—N(CH2—COO)2]K3?xNax (I) wherein x is in the range of from zero to 2.9.

Abstract: Container comprising a single unit dose of a detergent composition containing at least one complexing agent (A) dissolved in an aqueous medium, said complexing agent (A) being a mixture of the L-and D-enantiomers of methyl glycine diacetic acid (MGDA) or its respective mono-, di- or trialkali metal or mono-, di- or triammonium salts, said mixture containing predominantly the respective L-isomer with an enantiomeric excess (ee) in the range of from 5 to 85%, wherein said container is made from a polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyurea system encompassing as component A) isocyanate-functional prepolymers obtainable by reaction of aliphatic isocyanates A1) with polyols A2), which can in particular have a number average molecular weight of ?400 g/mol and an average OH functionality of 2 to 6, as component B) amino-functional compounds of general formula (I) in which X is an organic residue comprising a tertiary amino function, having no Zerewitinoff active hydrogen, R1 is a CH2—COOR3 residue, in which R3 is an organic residue having no Zerewitinoff active hydrogen, a linear or branched C1 to C4 alkyl residue, a cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl residue or H, R2 is an organic residue having no Zerewitinoff active hydrogen, n is an integer ?2 or ?3, in particular for closing, binding, bonding or covering cell tissue, and to a metering system for the polyurea system according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to the pharmaceutical industry and to medicine, specifically to novel hydrated amino-acid derivatives of fullerene C60 of general formula C60(H)3{NH(CH2)nCOOH}3.xH2O, where C60-fullerene, n=5, 6, 7, x=8-10, and also to a method for producing said derivatives, and to the production of pharmaceutical compositions on the basis thereof. Hydrated N-fullerene amino acids are formed in the interaction of fullerene with 15 times the molar excess of anhydrous potassium salts of amino acids in a medium of organic aromatic solvent with slow addition to the resultant suspension of an interphase catalyst and with mixing and heating to a temperature not exceeding 60° C. until the solution is completely decolorized and a solid residue formed, after which the latter is separated out, and then 0.8 M of aqueous solutions of potassium salts of fullerene amino-acid derivatives is treated with a solution of organic or mineral acids, followed by centrifugation, rinsing and drying of the residue.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having either agonist or antagonist activities for the neurotrophins NGF and BDNF and represented by monomeric or dimeric substituted dipeptides that are analogs of the exposed portions of loop 1 or loop 4 regions of these neurotrophins near or at a beta-turn of the respective loop. N-acylated substituents of these dipeptides are biostereoisomers of the amino acid residues preceding these dipeptide sequences in the neurotrophin primary structure. The dimeric structure is produced advantageously by using hexamethylenediamine to which dipeptides are attached via their carboxyl groups. The claimed compounds displayed neuroprotective and differentiation-inducing activities in cellular models and enhanced the amount of phosphorylated tyrosine kinase A and the heat shock proteins Hsp32 and Hsp70 in the concentration range of 10?9 to 10?5 M.

Abstract: Nitrogen-containing lipids prepared from the conjugate addition of amines to acrylates, acrylamides, or other carbon-carbon double bonds conjugated to electron-withdrawing groups are described. Methods of preparing these lipids from commercially available starting materials are also provided. These amine-containing lipids or salts forms of these lipids are preferably biodegradable and biocompatible and may be used in a variety of drug delivery systems. Given the amino moiety of these lipids, they are particularly suited for the delivery of polynucleotides. Complexes or nanoparticles containing the inventive lipid and polynucleotide have been prepared. The inventive lipids may also be used to in preparing microparticle for drug delivery. They are particularly useful in delivering labile agents given their ability to buffer the pH of their surroundings.

Abstract: To provide an anti-cancer agent sensitivity determination marker, which marker can determine whether or not the patient has a therapeutic response to the anti-cancer agent, and novel cancer therapeutic means employing the marker. The anti-cancer agent sensitivity determination marker, the anti-cancer agent including oxaliplatin or a salt thereof and fluorouracil or a salt thereof, contains one or more substances selected from among an amino-acid-metabolism-related substance, a nucleic-acid-metabolism-related substance, a substance in the pentose phosphate pathway, a substance in the glycolytic pathway, a substance in the TCA cycle, a polyamine-metabolism-related substance, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin, 6-phosphogluconic acid, butyric acid, triethanolamine, 1-methylnicotinamide, NADH, NAD+, and a substance involved in the metabolism of any of these substances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of improving the preservation stability of glutathione, which is characterized by allowing glutathione to co-exist with an arginine-acidic amino acid salt. In addition, the present invention relates to a production method of a glutathione preparation, which is characterized by mixing glutathione and an arginine-acidic amino acid salt. By the production method, a glutathione preparation that resists quality deterioration can be provided. Moreover, the present invention relates to a preservation method of glutathione, which is characterized by allowing glutathione to co-exist with an arginine-acidic amino acid salt. By the preservation method, quality deterioration of glutathione during preservation can be suppressed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrophobic thermoplastic copolymer which is in particular of use for manufacturing and/or coating medical devices, in particular implantable medical devices, characterized in that it is obtained by copolymerization, and in that it comprises at least one first monomer unit and at least one second monomer unit onto which is grafted a paramagnetic-ion-chelating ligand which can complex with such a paramagnetic ion or a paramagnetic-ion-chelating ligand which is complexed with such a paramagnetic ion, wherein the second monomer unit is grafted in sufficient amount for the copolymer to be visible in magnetic resonance imaging when it is complexed with said paramagnetic ion. The invention also relates to a method for obtaining said hydrophobic thermoplastic copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a paramagnetic polynuclear metal complex having enhanced self-relaxation rate and thermodynamic stability, and more particularly, to a synthetic method of a novel DTPA-bis-amide-histidine ligand and DTPA-bis-amide-aspartic acid ligand, a novel gadolinium complex ([Gd(L)H2O]) using the ligand, and a paramagnetic polynuclear metal complex using the gadolinium complex. The paramagnetic polynuclear metal complex is able to fix three or more metals (one gadolinium and two metal ions), thereby providing more excellent self-relaxation rate than the commercially available contrast agents. Thus, it can be widely applied to an MRI contrast agent because of meeting the high self-relaxation rate required as a contrast agent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Abstract: The present invention provides a macromolecular dispersant and a synthesis method thereof, and the dispersant is synthesized by reacting polyisobutylene-g-succinic anhydride with amine compounds. In addition, the present invention also provides an oil-soluble dispersant composition with nano particle pigments and the manufacturing method thereof. The oil-soluble dispersant composition is manufactured by milling a macromolecular dispersant with a pigment and a grinding media. The oil-soluble dispersant composition is adequate for various pigments, shows the excellent immiscibility of oil/water interface, and owns the low viscosity of ?4 cps and the optical density of ink ?1.1. Therefore, the oil-soluble dispersant of the present invention for the nano particle pigment can be acted as the material of the electrowetting display.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide solid forms of magnesium glycinate dihydrate and compositions thereof, which are useful for treating hyperphosphatemia and which exhibit desirable characteristics for the same. The invention further provides processes for the production of solid forms of magnesium glycinate dihydrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a salt of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid comprising at least 1.6 mole of alkaline earth metal per mole of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid. Salts of the invention have been found to be useful in providing compositions comprising hydrogen peroxide having improved stability.

Abstract: A tetradendate amide based macrocyclic ligand and its Fe(III) complex which act as activators of hydrogen peroxide. The synthetic methodology to develop the ligands is new, simple and provides better yield for each step of the ligand synthesis. The Fe(III)-complexes and hydrogen peroxide together are can perform several environmentally benign oxidation reactions. Organic dye bleaching, bleaching of pulp and paper effluent and N-oxide synthesis may be performed using the newly developed catalyst and hydrogen peroxide. Alcohol oxidation and alkene epoxidation may also be performed using the catalysts and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: An oxygen absorber is provided that contains at least one of compounds each having a particular structure, and the oxygen absorber exhibits an oxygen absorbing capability without a metal contained, and is suitable for removing oxygen inside a packaging material packaging foods or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a peptide analogue or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with excellent moisturizing effect, and use thereof for moisturization. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel peptide analogue or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a method for preparation thereof, a moisturizing cosmetic composition comprising the same as an active ingredient, and a pharmaceutical composition for prevention and treatment of xeroderma.

Abstract: Provided are new dendrimers and processes for making them. The dendrimers are derived from a nitroalkyloxirane compound of formula (III): wherein R1, R2, and R3 are as described herein.

Abstract: Chelating monomers and fluoride-releasing compositions are disclosed that may be incorporated into dental composite restorative materials, dental bonding agents or other dental materials, to produce materials with high fluoride release rates, and high fluoride recharge capability. Such dental restorative materials may help reduce the level of dental caries in patients, particularly the level of caries occurring on the margins of the restorative materials.

Abstract: Described herein is a contrast agent for administration to a subject. The contrast agent includes a targeting portion that includes an unchelated aminocarboxylate functional group; a metal ion bound to a metal-complexable portion; and a linker joining the targeting portion and the metal-complexable portion of the contrast agent. The portion that is not bound to a metal ion is for binding to necrotic tissue in the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chemical for chelation of metal ions, which are at least bivalent, contained in water and/or water enclosed objects and separation/recovering of formed chelate; the structural formula of which is formula (I) where R in at least one of the positions shown is comprised of a group in the form of a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain having from 9 to 20 carbon atoms, and where appropriate 1-2 hetero atoms, and which is missing in other position(s); and where X in shown positions is in a group in the form of —COOH or its salt; and wherein the chemical can be a racemate, a mixture of enantiomers, or pure enantiomers or where R is missing in all four positions shown X in at least one position is —COOR, —CONHR or —CH2OR or —COR or —CH2OCOR or —CH2OCONHR; and where X in the remaining positions shown is comprised of a group in the form of —COOH or its salt; and wherein the chemical can be a racemate, a mixture of enantiomers, or pure enantiomers.

Abstract: Dental composition comprising a water-soluble polymerizable compound of the following formula (1): wherein A is a linear or branched linker group represented by the following formula (3), wherein the nitrogen atom of at least two of the termini forms an amide bond with an X moiety; wherein R? represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group, wherein each R may be the same or different L1, L2, and L3 which may be the same or different, independently represent a single bond, or a C2-20 straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group optionally containing from 1 to 6 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen and oxygen in the backbone of the hydrocarbon group, and optionally from 1 to 6 functional groups selected from carboxylic acid groups or a salt thereof, hydroxyl groups, thiol groups and amino groups, and in case a plurality of L1 and L2 are present, each of L1 and L2 may be the same or different; Q1 and Q2, which may be the same or different, independ

Abstract: Dental composition comprising (i) a particulate filler; (ii) a polymerizable hydrolysis-stable compound of the following formula (1) AXn wherein A is a linker group containing at least n nitrogen atoms and optionally one or more acidic groups, X are moieties containing a polymerizable double bond and forming an amide bond with a nitrogen atom of A, which X may be the same or different and are represented by the following formula (2) wherein R1 and R2 are independent from each other and represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group or a group —(CH2)m—Z, wherein Z is COOM, OPO3M2, PO3M2, SO3M, and M is independently a hydrogen atom or a metal atom, and m is an integer of from 0 to 6, L is a bond, a C1-6 alkylene group; and n is an integer of at least 1; provided that at least one X cannot be a (meth)acryl group; and (iii) an initiator system.

Abstract: A personal care composition is disclosed comprising a pH tuneable gellant. The pH tuneable gellant has a formula of: wherein R1 and R2 are aminofunctional end-groups; L1 is a backbone moiety having molecular weight from 14 to 500 g/mol; and at least one of L1, R1 or R2 comprises a pH-sensitive group; wherein R5 is an aminofunctional moiety; L2 is a backbone moiety having molecular weight from 14 to 500 g/mol; and at least one of L2 or R5 comprises a pH-sensitive group; and mixtures of [I] and [II]. The personal care composition may take a variety of forms such as a leave-on composition or an emulsion or may comprise one or more actives or agents.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for treating conditions associated with a chemosensory receptor, including diabetes, obesity, and other metabolic diseases, disorders or conditions by administering a composition comprising a chemosensory receptor ligand. Also provided herein are chemosensory receptor ligand compositions and methods for the preparation thereof for use in the methods of the present invention.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting corrosion on metallic surfaces in contact with a liquid hydrocarbon media is provided. A corrosion inhibitor composition is dispersed into a liquid hydrocarbon media to form a protective film on the metallic surfaces. The corrosion inhibitor includes a polyamic acid having structure I: A-HN—(CH2)2—[—NH(CH2)2—]x—NH-A??I or structure II: A-HN—(CH2)3—[—O—(CH2)2—]n—O—(CH2)3—NH-A??II wherein A has structure III: R—CH?CH—CH(CO2H)—CH2C(O)—??III and R is a (C8-C22) alkyl group or a (C8-C22) alkenyl group, x is an integer from 0 to 6 and n is an integer from 1 to 6. A method for preparing the corrosion inhibitor is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nicotianamine derivative and to a process for chemical or enzymatic synthesis thereof. The nicotianamine derivative has the following formula (I). The invention finds use in the pharmacy field in particular.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymerized micelles of size inferior to 100 nm for in vivo diagnosis, in particular of cancer. The polymerized micelles of the invention comprise a diagnostic agent and an amphiphilic polymer obtainable by the polymerization of an amphiphilic monomer, said monomer comprising: a lipophilic chain comprising a polymerizable vinylic or diacetylenic group, and a hydrophilic head comprising a polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene chain. The invention finds application in the pharmaceutical field, in particular.

Abstract: The invention provides a glycine derivative, having a structure shown in the following general equation (I): wherein R1 represents a C1˜C4 alkyl group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and n represents an integer of 1˜6.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cationic lipid having one or more biodegradable groups located in a lipidic moiety (e.g., a hydrophobic chain) of the cationic lipid. These cationic lipids may be incorporated into a lipid particle for delivering an active agent, such as a nucleic acid. The invention also relates to lipid particles comprising a neutral lipid, a lipid capable of reducing aggregation, a cationic lipid of the present invention, and optionally, a sterol. The lipid particle may further include a therapeutic agent such as a nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides reagents and methods for limiting adsorptive and/or oxidative protein losses in a sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to the pharmaceutical industry and to medicine, specifically to novel homo- and hetero-polyamino-acid derivatives of fullerene C60 of general formula: C60(H)x{NH(CH2)nCOO—}x{NH3+(L)COOH)}x, where n=2-5, x=3, L=—(CH2)m, where m=1-5, or —CO(CH2)kCH(NH2)—, where k=1-2, characterized in that the compounds comprise covalently bonded amino-acid groups and polar ionic forms of the amino acids, and also to a method for producing said derivatives, and to the production of pharmaceutical compositions based on same. The method for producing homo- and hetero-polyamino-acid derivatives of fullerene is based on the reaction of a nucleophilic bond of amino acids to fullerene, forming covalently bonded amino-acid derivatives of fullerene, with the subsequent introduction of polar ionic forms of the amino acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to the pharmaceutical industry and to medicine, specifically to novel hydrated amino-acid derivatives of fullerene C60 of general formula C60(H)3{NH(CH2)nCOOH}3.xH2O, where C60-fullerene, n=5, 6, 7, x=8-10, and also to a method for producing said derivatives, and to the production of pharmaceutical compositions on the basis thereof. Hydrated N-fullerene amino acids are formed in the interaction of fullerene with 15 times the molar excess of anhydrous potassium salts of amino acids in a medium of organic aromatic solvent with slow addition to the resultant suspension of an interphase catalyst and with mixing and heating to a temperature not exceeding 60° C. until the solution is completely decolorized and a solid residue formed, after which the latter is separated out, and then 0.8 M of aqueous solutions of potassium salts of fullerene amino-acid derivatives is treated with a solution of organic or mineral acids, followed by centrifugation, rinsing and drying of the residue.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition for modulating immunity by the in vivo targeting of an antigen to dendritic cells. The composition comprises: a preparation of antigen-containing membrane vesicles or antigen-containing liposomes which have on their surfaces a plurality of metal chelating groups; and, a ligand for a receptor on the dendritic cells, the ligand being linked to a metal chelating group via a metal affinity tag on the ligand. The composition further includes an immunomodulatory factor. A process for preparing the composition is also provided. The invention further provides a method of modulating an immune disorder, and methods of treating tumours and infections.

Abstract: An inkjet ink capable of forming a polyimide film having, for example, strong mechanical strength, is provided. The inkjet ink contains: a polyamic acid (A) having a weight-average molecular weight of 50,000-500,000; one or more of an amic acid compound (B1) and an amic acid compound (B2), in which the amic acid compound (B1) is prepared from a compound (a3) having two or more anhydride groups and a monoamine (a5), and the amic acid compound (B2) is prepared from a diamine (a4) and a compound (a6) having one anhydride group; and a solvent (C).

Abstract: A salt of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid comprising at least 0.7 mole equivalents of magnesium per mole of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid which salt is in the form of a water-soluble, non-hygroscopic solid is disclosed. Also described is a method of preparing such salts and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to compounds, diagnostic agents, and related methods. In some cases, methods for treating patients are provided. More specifically, the disclosure provides compounds, diagnostic agents, and kits for detecting and/or imaging and/or monitoring elastin rich tissues. In addition, the disclosure provides methods of detecting and/or imaging and/or monitoring the presence of coronary plaque, carotid plaque, iliac/femoral plaque, aortic plaque, renal artery plaque, plaque of any arterial vessel, aneurism, vasculitis, other diseases of the arterial wall, and/or damage or structural changes in ligaments, uterus, lungs or skin, as indicated by changes in total vessel wall area, internal lumen size, and exterior arterial perimeter.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for decreasing amounts of metal ions in liquid materials and in porous solid materials surrounded by a liquid, by utilization of sequestering agents that form complexes with said metal ions as well as methods for removing and optionally recovering said metal ions from the complexes. Further, there are provided novel sequestering agents and compositions comprising sequestering agents of the present disclosure.

Abstract: The invention relates to growth hormone compounds with a protracted profile. The effect is obtained by linking an albumin binding residue via a hydrophilic spacer to growth hormone variants. Further described are methods of preparing and using such compounds. These growth hormone compounds are based on there altered profile considered particular useful in therapy.

Abstract: Chelating monomers and fluoride-releasing compositions are disclosed that may be incorporated into dental composite restorative materials, dental bonding agents or other dental materials, to produce materials with high fluoride release rates, and high fluoride recharge capability. Such dental restorative materials may help reduce the level of dental caries in patients, particularly the level of caries occurring on the margins of the restorative materials.

Abstract: A method of preparing a polyetherimide coating on a carbon steel substrate, which includes the steps of: providing an organic solvent, providing a dianhydride, providing a first diamine that is a monoaromatic diamine, providing a second diamine, placing the organic solvent, the dianhydride, the first diamine and the second diamine in a reaction vessel to form a reaction mixture, stirring the reaction mixture under inert conditions to form a polyamic acid intermediate, applying the polyamic acid intermediate on the carbon steel substrate, and curing the polyamic acid intermediate to form a polyetherimide coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a paramagnetic polynuclear metal complex having enhanced self-relaxation rate and thermodynamic stability, and more particularly, to a synthetic method of a novel DTPA-bis-amide-histidine ligand and DTPA-bis-amide-aspartic acid ligand, a novel gadolinium complex ([Gd(L)H2O]) using the ligand, and a paramagnetic polynuclear metal complex using the gadolinium complex. The paramagnetic polynuclear metal complex is able to fix three or more metals (one gadolinium and two metal ions), thereby providing more excellent self-relaxation rate than the commercially available contrast agents. Thus, it can be widely applied to an MRI contrast agent because of meeting the high self-relaxation rate required as a contrast agent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Abstract: A metron refers to a molecule which contains a pre-defined number of high affinity binding sites for metal ions. Metrons may be used to prepare homogenous populations of nanoparticles each composed of a same, specific number of atoms, wherein each particle has the same size ranging from 2 atoms to about ten nanometers.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a device is disclosed. The method comprises coating a solid structure by nanostructures selected from the group consisting of peptides and amino acids, under conditions that at least partially prevent assembly of the nanostructures into supramolecular structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nicotianamine derivative and to a process for chemical or enzymatic synthesis thereof. The nicotianamine derivative has the following formula (I). The invention finds use in the pharmacy field in particular.

Abstract: A process for producing granules containing one or more complexing agent salts of the general formula from an aqueous starting solution, containing the one or more complexing agent salts in a concentration of from 10 to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous starting solution, in a jet apparatus.

Abstract: The inventors of this invention have conducted the search for a variety of compounds which may possess a desired CaSR agonist activity to thus find out a substance capable of imparting a kokumi, which shows a more excellent kokumi-imparting effect, in particular, a kokumi-imparting effect of the initial taste-imparting type one, which is excellent in the stability and which can easily be produced at a low cost and the present invention thus provide a kokumi-imparting agent consisting of such a substance as well as a complex kokumi-imparting agent comprising the substance and other substances possessing the CaSR agonist activities in combination. More particularly, the present invention herein provides a kokumi-imparting agent consisting of ?-Glu-Abu (L-?-glutamyl-L-2-amino-butyric acid) and a complex kokumi-imparting agent comprising the foregoing substance and another substance having a CaSR agonist activity, in combination.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having either agonist or antagonist activities for the neurotrophins NGF and BDNF and represented by monomeric or dimeric substituted dipeptides that are analogs of the exposed portions of loop 1 or loop 4 regions of these neurotrophins near or at a beta-turn of the respective loop. N-acylated substituents of these dipeptides are biostereoisomers of the amino acid residues preceding these dipeptide sequences in the neurotrophin primary structure. The dimeric structure is produced advantageously by using hexamethylenediamine to which dipeptides are attached via their carboxyl groups. The claimed compounds displayed neuroprotective and differentiation-inducing activities in cellular models and enhanced the amount of phosphorylated tyrosine kinase A and the heat shock proteins Hsp32 and Hsp70 in the concentration range of 10?9 to 10?5 M.

Abstract: The invention relates to a class of novel surfactants that have utility in the recovery and/or extraction of oil.