Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel form of ferric organic compounds, including a form of ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. The ferric organic compounds of the present invention can be delivered effectively by oral route with better delivery to treat patients suffering from hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis and other disorders responsive to ferric organic compound therapy.

Abstract: The invention relates to Guerbet alcohol precursors and Guerbet alcohols, as well as to processes for synthesizing them.

Abstract: The present invention discloses pharmaceutical-grade ferric organic compounds, including ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. A manufacturing and quality control process for making a pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate that consistently complies with the established Manufacture Release Specification is also disclosed. The pharmaceutical-grade ferric organic compounds are suitable for treating disorders characterized by elevated serum phosphate levels.

Abstract: Methods for treating a subject determined to have a cancer comprising a heterozygous inactivation of a housekeeping gene (or a homozygous deletion of a functionally redundant housekeeping gene) by treating the subject with an inhibitor of the gene. For example, a subject having a cancer with an ENO gene deletion can be treated with a glycolysis inhibitor, such as an enolase inhibitor. In some aspects, a subject having a cancer with an ARS gene deletion can be treated with an ARS inhibitor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a heat transfer fluid, comprising a hydroxylated carboxylic acid of formula (OH)x(R1)(COOH)y, wherein x is 2 to 10, y is 3 to 10, and R1 is a C2-50 aliphatic group, a C6-50 aromatic group, or a combination thereof; and wherein the hydroxylated carboxylic acid comprises the hydroxylated carboxylic acid, an ester thereof, a salt thereof, an anhydride thereof, or a combination thereof. A heat transfer system comprises an aluminum component, a magnesium component, or an aluminum component and a magnesium component; and the foregoing heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel form of ferric organic compounds, including a form of ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. The ferric organic compounds of the present invention can be delivered effectively by oral route with better delivery to treat patients suffering from hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis and other disorders responsive to ferric organic compound therapy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a purified Isometheptene compound comprising the structure according to Formula (I), or a hydrochloride, or a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt thereof. In particular, the disclosure relates to the synthesis, purification and characterization of an Isometheptene isomer mucate crystal 2, wherein the Isometheptene isomer 2 is stereochemically characterized as (R)-enantiomer, respectively. The Isometheptene (R)-enantiomer activity indicates a selective centrally acting selective ligand for Imidazoline subtype 1 (I1) receptor sites; and more specifically, the disclosure provides an antihypertensive composition for treatment of migraine and other neurovascular or neurogenic pain from abdominal distress. (R)-Isometheptene enantiomer or isomer 2 may be an anti-hypertensive agent with lower side effects than the racemate form. Therefore (R)-Isometheptene is believed to be effective against episodic tension-type headaches (ETTH).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a pharmaceutical-grade ferric organic compounds, including ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. A manufacturing and quality control process for making a pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate that consistently complies with the established Manufacture Release Specification is also disclosed. The pharmaceutical-grade ferric organic compounds are suitable for treating disorders characterized by elevated serum phosphate levels.

Abstract: A method for treating in an industrial water treatment system for at least two of metal corrosion inhibition, scale inhibition, suspended matter dispersion, biocide efficacy, or biofilm removal/biofilm dispersion is taught by the use of at least one compound which is a salt derived from a thioamine or an oxyamine and an acid.

Abstract: Provided herein are polypeptides having ketol-aid reductoisomerase activity as well as microbial host cells comprising such polypeptides. Polypeptides provided herein may be used in biosynthetic pathways, including, but not limited to, isobutanol biosynthetic pathways.

Abstract: The present invention is in the fields of nanotechnology and biomimetics. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of modified ribosomes to produce biomimetic structures. These biomimetic structures, also known as directed element polymers, are not produced by traditional industrial means but instead are produced by living systems comprising modified ribosomes.

Abstract: Malic acid-enriched plant extracts useful as food additives are described.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel form of ferric organic compounds, including a form of ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. The ferric organic compounds of the present invention can be delivered effectively by oral route with better delivery to treat patients suffering from hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis and other disorders responsive to ferric organic compound therapy.

Abstract: Salts of kukoamine B, their preparation method and their pharmaceutical use in preparation of drugs for preventing and treating sepsis. Experiments indicate that salts of kukoamine B have a good effect on antagonizing the key factors inducing sepsis, and can be used in the preparation of drugs for preventing and treating sepsis. Under the current circumstances of the lack of effective measures for the treatment of sepsis in clinical practice, the medicinal formulations, which comprise the salts of kukoamine B, pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or diluent, provide a new approach for the prevention and treatment of sepsis.

Abstract: The invention relates to Guerbet alcohol precursors and Guerbet alcohols, as well as to processes for synthesizing them.

Abstract: The present invention provides peroxidic fluoropolyether and a fluorine-containing dispersion obtained from polymerization of fluorine-containing monomers in the presence of peroxidic fluoropolyether as a surfactant. The peroxidic fluoropolyether can be used as surfactant for producing aqueous dispersion of fluorine-containing monomer in place of PFOA or the salts thereof. Thus the amount of PFOA or the salts thereof is reduced and the natural environment is protected. In addition, applying peroxidic fluoropolyether as surfactant and combining it with adjuvants, such as initiator, can induce the reaction moderate and can be beneficial to the polymerization control, thus reducing the amount of initiator or shortening the reaction time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition in particle form having the structure: wherein M and M? are each independently a nutritionally relevant divalent metal and the particles are of a size between 1 micron and 1 nanometer. M and M? may be the same or different nutritionally relevant divalent metal selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, manganese, iron, magnesium, and calcium. The particles may be made according to a process that includes application of microwave hydrothermal energy and/or ultrasonification.

Abstract: The claimed invention provides a novel compound not having been studied before, that is, a diene carboxylate anion that contains a specific structure, and a salt thereof. The claimed invention further provides a diene carboxylate anion and a salt thereof, especially a metal salt thereof, which are easily soluble in general organic solvents, reactive diluents, and resins, may be in a liquid state at normal temperature depending on the structure, and have high polymerizability. Polymerization/curing of these produces a resin to which many ionic bonds and a metal are introduced, providing various properties such as hardness, scratch resistance, anti-fingerprint property, gas-barrier property, water vapor barrier property, oxygen absorption property, ultraviolet protection, infrared protection, color development and coloring, high refractive index, adhesion, various catalytic abilities, fluorescence ability and light-emitting ability, optical amplification, dispersibility, and antistatic properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to soluble dimeric double metal salt compositions of (?)-hydroxycitric acid (“HCA”), as well as methods for making and using the same. The invention provides dimeric double metal salts of group IA and IIA of HCA (hereinafter, “DDM-HCAs”). The present invention provides methods to make DDM-HCAs of the invention which can be employed to alter the polar/ionic qualities of HCA salts and derivatives to improve solubility of HCA compositions. DDM-HCAs of the invention are soluble HCA-containing compositions useful as dietary supplements and suitable for manipulations under those conditions necessary for tabletting, encapsulation, and the production of dry powders, particularly for use as a beverage premix. Methods of use of the composition include treatment for suppression of appetite, for weight loss, for an increase in the rate of fat metabolism, for reduction in blood lipids and postprandial lipemia, and to increase the plasma level of (?)-hydroxycitric acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oxaloacetate compounds that activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), including the preparation of the compounds, compositions containing the compounds, preserving said compounds and the use of the compounds in the prevention or treatment of disorders such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer.

Abstract: Provided are novel symmetrical and asymmetrical bifunctional photodecomposable bases (PDBs) with dicarboxylate anion groups that show increased imaging performance. Also provided are photoresist compositions prepared with the bifunctional dicarboxylated PDBs and lithography methods that use the photoresist compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel form of ferric organic compounds, including a form of ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. The ferric organic compounds of the present invention can be delivered effectively by oral route with better delivery to treat patients suffering from hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis and other disorders responsive to ferric organic compound therapy.

Abstract: The present invention discloses pharmaceutical-grade ferric organic compounds, including ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. A manufacturing and quality control process for making a pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate that consistently complies with the established Manufacture Release Specification is also disclosed. The pharmaceutical-grade ferric organic compounds are suitable for treating disorders characterized by elevated serum phosphate levels.

Abstract: A new method for preparing salts of metal cations and organic acids, especially divalent salts of alkaline earth metal ions from group II of the periodic system and carboxylic acids. The method comprising the use of a high temperature (about 90° or more) and, optionally. high pressure, in order to obtain a higher yield, purity and faster reaction speed than obtained with known synthesis methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the production of strontium salts of carboxylic acids. Novel strontium salts are also provided by the present method.

Abstract: Archiral (2-hydroxy-3-oxo-cyclopent-1-enyl) acetic acid) alkyl, alkylphenyl and phenyl esters, and a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of both enantiomers of homocitric acid gamma-lactone and the corresponding salts from these esters are described. The method is based on asymmetric oxidation of esters, and the steps of basic and acidic hydrolysis and final acidic lactonization of the homocitric acid into homocitric acid gamma-lactone. The homocitric acid salts are obtained after basic treatment of homocitric acid gamma-lactone. The esters, conditions and reagents used in chemical conversion and separating products are important constituents affording efficient and simple method for production of homocitric acid gamma-lactone and homocitric acid salts.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a pharmaceutical-grade ferric organic compounds, including ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. A manufacturing and quality control process for making a pharmaceutical-grade ferric citrate that consistently complies with the established Manufacture Release Specification is also disclosed. The pharmaceutical-grade ferric organic compounds are suitable for treating disorders characterized by elevated serum phosphate levels.

Abstract: The present invention provides crystalline and amorphous salts of O-desmethylvenlafaxine and processes for preparing said salts of O-desmethylvenlafaxine. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising said salts of O-desmethylvenlafaxine.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel solid state forms of tapentadol salts, process for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions, and method of treating thereof. The tapentadol salts include an L-(?)-camphorsulfonate salt, a dibenzoyl-(L)-tartrate salt, a dibenzoyl-(D)-tartrate salt, a malate salt, a maleate salt, or a salicylate salt.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a method for producing a liquid metal chelate compound which may be used as it is or diluted in water or the like, in a very simple procedure, in a short time, in a large quantity, and at a low cost, and to provide a metal chelate compound. A metal is ground in a liquid containing an organic acid to form an unoxidized fine metal powder. For example, a metal is ground in a liquid containing the organic acid, or the organic acid is added after the metal is ground in a liquid, or the organic acid is added while grinding the metal in a liquid. The unoxidized fine metal powder is oxidized in the liquid containing an organic acid to generate a metal ion. As a result of this, the unoxidized fine metal powder is chemically bonded to the organic acid in the liquid thereby producing a liquid metal chelate compound. The liquid metal chelate compound is adsorbed by an absorber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to soluble dimeric double metal salt compositions of (?)-hydroxycitric acid (“HCA”), as well as methods for making and using the same. The invention provides dimeric double metal salts of group IA and IIA of HCA (hereinafter, “DDM-HCAs”). The present invention provides methods to make DDM-HCAs of the invention which can be employed to alter the polar/ionic qualities of HCA salts and derivatives to improve solubility of HCA compositions. DDM-HCAs of the invention are soluble HCA-containing compositions useful as dietary supplements and suitable for manipulations under those conditions necessary for tabletting, encapsulation, and the production of dry powders, particularly for use as a beverage premix. Methods of use of the composition include treatment for suppression of appetite, for weight loss, for an increase in the rate of fat metabolism, for reduction in blood lipids and postprandial lipemia, and to increase the plasma level of (?)-hydroxycitric acid.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing carbon nanotube drug carriers and the carbon nanotube drug carriers are disclosed. Initially, carbon nanotubes, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid are mixed to oxidize carbon nanotubes in a first mixture. The oxidized carbon nanotubes are then extracted from the first mixture. The oxidized carbon nanotubes and monohydrated citric acid are mixed to synthesize carbon nanotubes grafted with poly(citric acid) in a second mixture. The carbon nanotubes grafted with poly(citric acid) are then extracted from the second mixture. The carbon nanotubes grafted with poly(citric acid) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine are dissolved in anhydrous dimethylformamide in a third mixture. Next, a mixture that comprises a drug is added to the third mixture to synthesize the carbon nanotubes grafted with poly(citric acid) and the drug in a fourth mixture. Then, the carbon nanotubes grafted with poly(citric acid) and the drug are extracted from the fourth mixture.

Abstract: Hydroxycitric acid derivatives and salts thereof are provided which are useful as active ingredients of skin external preparations and cosmetics. Also provided are processes for production of the hydroxycitric acid derivatives, and skin external preparations and cosmetics containing the hydroxycitric acid derivatives. Specific hydroxycitric acid derivatives or salts thereof are produced wherein at least one of the hydroxyl groups of hydroxycitric acid or least one of the hydroxyl groups and at least one carboxyl group of hydroxycitric acid are modified to linkage moieties breakable by biological enzyme reaction. The hydroxycitric acid derivatives or salts thereof are added in skin external preparations and cosmetics.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel form of ferric organic compounds, including a form of ferric citrate, which are soluble over a wider range of pH, and which have a large active surface area. The ferric organic compounds of the present invention can be delivered effectively by oral route with better delivery to treat patients suffering from hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis and other disorders responsive to ferric organic compound therapy.

Abstract: This invention relates to new double salts of (?)-hydroxycitric acid with group II metals. Preferred double salts are calcium and magnesium double salts of hydroxycitric acid of the formula II. This invention also includes a process for the preparation of these double salts by the addition of one metal compound from group II to (?)-hydroxycitric acid solution followed by the addition of other metal compound solution from group II. These double salts are tasteless and are soluble in water. They are useful as dietary supplements and in beverages.

Abstract: The present invention provides compound(s) selected from the group of compounds represented by structural Formula (I): wherein X, Y and R1 are as described herein, use of such compounds as anaerobic cure accelerators, and compostions including such compounds.

Abstract: Processes are described for the production of an isolated medicinal composition for administration to mammals which comprises an effective amount of a free acid, salt or chelate of at least one naturally occurring form of an alpha hydroxyl organic acid comprising combining at least one naturally occurring form of an alpha hydroxy organic acid with an amount of base in an aqueous solution, wherein a total content of alpha hydroxyl organic acids amounts to between about 0.5% and about 35% w/w of the solution, for a time to hydrolyse substantially all forms of alpha hydroxyl organic acids present, neutralizing the solution to a pH between about 6.9 and about 7.6 to yield a free acid, salt or chelate of free acids of substantially all naturally occurring forms of alpha hydroxyl organic acids, and optionally lyophilizing the solution to produce an isolated medicinal composition. Compositions produced by these processes are disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes: a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material; and a non-aqueous electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity. The positive electrode includes a lithium-containing transition metal oxide having a layered structure and being represented by the general formula Li1+x(NiaMnbCoc)O2+?, where x+a+b+c=1, 0.7?a+b, 0?x?0.1, 0?c/(a+b)<0.35, 0.7?a/b?2.0, and ?0.1???0.1. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains a lithium salt having an oxalato complex as an anion.

Abstract: A new method for preparing salts of metal cations and organic acids, especially divalent salts of alkaline earth metal ions from group II of the periodic system and carboxylic acids. The method comprising the use of a high temperature (about 90° or more) and, optionally. high pressure, in order to obtain a higher yield, purity and faster reaction speed than obtained with known synthesis methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the production of strontium salts of carboxylic acids. Novel strontium salts are also provided by the present method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel dihydroxyl compounds, compositions comprising hydroxyl compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing a variety of diseases and conditions such as, but not limited to aging, Alzheimer's Disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, a disorder of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension, impotence, inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid elimination in bile, obesity, oxysterol elimination in bile, pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder, phospholipid elimination in bile, renal disease, septicemia, metabolic syndrome disorders (e.g., Syndrome X), thrombotic disorder. Compounds and methods of the invention can also be used to modulate C reactive protein or enhance bile production in a patient.

Abstract: By using protonic acids, diesters of dicarbonic acid may be stabilized against thermal and chemical decomposition over a relatively long period. Mixtures of diesters of dicarbonic acid and protonic acids are outstandingly suitable for preserving foods.

Abstract: Developable bottom antireflective coating compositions are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of new class of linear and multiarmed hydrolysable linkers and cross linkers for use in the synthesis of biodegradable polymers such as, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyureas and degradable epoxy amine resin. The linear and multiarmed hydrolysable linkers of the present invention include symmetrical and/or unsymmetrical ether carboxylic acids, amines, amide diols, amine polyols and isocyanates.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula AF(—COF)n, provided that AF and n have the following meanings. AF: a fluorinated adamantane residue which is an n-valent group having an n number of hydrogen atoms removed from adamantane (provided that when n is at least 2, the removed hydrogen atoms are hydrogen atoms bonded to different carbon atoms), wherein at least one of the remaining hydrogen atoms is substituted by a fluorine atom, and the remaining hydrogen atoms may be substituted by a C1-6 alkyl group or fluoroalkyl group, and n: an integer of from 1 to 4, provided the when n is 1, AF has at least one hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A method for preparing, from at least one hygroscopic substance, mixtures that can be granulated and that have little hygroscopicity. The corresponding mixtures, especially carnitine-magnesium citrate and carnitine-magnesium hydroxycitrate, are produced.

Abstract: Processes for preparing carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof in which an ammonium salt of the carboxylic acid is heated in the presence of an organic reagent to split the salt and form the acid or, where the organic reagent is an esterifying agent, the corresponding ester. Both the acid and the ester may be dehydrated to form unsaturated counterparts.

Abstract: A mineral fortified food matrix can comprise a dimetalhydroxy malate composition and a food matrix fortified with the dimetalhydroxy malate composition. Additionally, a method of administering a mineral in a bioavailable form to a warm-blooded animal can comprise steps of fortifying a food matrix with a dimetalhydroxy malate composition and orally administering the food matrix to a warm-blooded animal. In one embodiment, the mineral can be calcium and the method of administering calcium in a bioavailable form can comprise fortifying a food matrix with a dicalciumhydroxy malate composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to carbocyclic hydrazino compounds that function as inhibitors of copper-containing amine oxidases commonly known as semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidases (SSAO), including the human SSAO known as Vascular Adhesion Protein-I (VAP-1). These SSAO inhibitors have therapeutic utility as drugs to treat conditions and diseases including, but not limited to, a number of inflammatory conditions and diseases (in particular chronic inflammatory conditions such as chronic arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and chronic skin dermatoses), diseases related to carbohydrate metabolism and to aberrations in adipocyte differentiation or function and smooth muscle cell function, and vascular diseases. The novel compounds have the general formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate, hydrate, or salt thereof wherein R1 to R11 are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula I in which A1, A2, R2 and R3 have the meanings indicated in the claims, which are valuable pharmaceutical active compounds for the therapy and prophylaxis of diseases, for example of cardiovascular disorders such as high blood pressure, angina pectoris, cardiac insufficiency, thromboses or atherosclerosis. The compounds of the formula I have the ability to modulate the endogenous production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and are generally suitable for the therapy and prophylaxis of disease states which are associated with a disturbed cGMP balance. The invention relates to the use of compounds of the formula I for the therapy and prophylaxis of the designated disease states and for the production of pharmaceuticals therefor, novel compounds of the formula I, pharmaceutical preparations comprising them and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Processes for preparing carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof in which an ammonium salt of the carboxylic acid is heated in the presence of an organic reagent to split the salt and form the acid or, where the organic reagent is an esterifying agent, the corresponding ester. Both the acid and the ester may be dehydrated to form unsaturated counterparts.

Abstract: A process for recovering carboxylic acids from an aqueous mixture such as a fermentation broth using a solvent containing at least one olefin without the need for first removing the spent microorganism cells is provided. A co-solvent which increases the partition coefficient of the solvent relative to the carboxylic acid may optionally be included. The resulting carboxylic acid is hydrogenated to produce a saturated carboxylic acid.