Abstract: A method of enhancing soil water infiltration (SWI) and/or reducing soil water repellency (SWR) comprising: treating an area of groundcover with a composition A comprising A1) a block polymer (P) comprising at least one polyethyleneoxide moiety and at least one polypropyleneoxide moiety, and A2) an alcohol alkoxylate (E), wherein the SWI of the area of groundcover is enhanced and/or the SWR of the area of groundcover is reduced after treatment with the composition A.

Abstract: In general, the present invention is directed to a method of cooking wood in a cooking liquor medium. The method comprises a step of providing wood to a treatment vessel and contacting the wood with a digester additive composition. The composition comprises a first surfactant comprising an anionic surfactant, a derivative thereof, a salt thereof, or any combination thereof and a second surfactant comprising a polyoxyalkylene glycol or a derivative thereof. Additionally, according to another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a digester additive composition comprising a first surfactant comprising an anionic surfactant, a derivative thereof, a salt thereof, or any combination thereof and a second surfactant comprising a polyoxyalkylene glycol or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: An automatic dishwashing composition is provided including a dispersant polymer; a builder; and a surfactant, wherein the surfactant is a fatty alcohol alkoxylate of formula I: wherein R1 is a linear or branched, saturated C8-24 alkyl group; R2 is a linear saturated C2-8 alkyl group; m has an average value of 22 to 42; n has an average value of 4 to 12; wherein m+n is an average value of 26 to 54; wherein the fatty alcohol alkoxylate has an average ethyleneoxy unit concentration per molecule, X, of >45 wt %; and, wherein the fatty alcohol alkoxylate has a ratio, Z, equal to X divided by n, wherein the ratio, Z, is <9.5.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to develop a polypropylene nonwoven fabric which is excellent in both of initial hydrophilicity and long-lasting hydrophilicity, that is, which is excellent in initial hydrophilicity that the nonwoven fabric exhibits hydrophilicity in a short time after it is produced and long-lasting hydrophilicity that the nonwoven fabric recovers hydrophilicity in a short time even if it is subjected to heat treatment. The present invention provides fibers of a propylene copolymer composition which comprises 100 parts by weight of a propylene/?-olefin random copolymer having a melting point (Tm) of 125 to 155° C. and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a nonionic surface active agent comprising an alkylene oxide adduct of an aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: A polyether polyol based on renewable materials is obtained by the in situ production of a polyether from a hydroxyl group-containing vegetable oil, at least one alkylene oxide and a low molecular weight polyol having at least 2 hydroxyl groups. The polyol is produced by introducing the hydroxyl group-containing vegetable oil, a catalyst and an alkylene oxide to a reactor and initiating the alkoxylation reaction. After the alkoxylation reaction has begun but before the reaction has been 20% completed, the low molecular weight polyol having at least 2 hydroxyl groups is continuously introduced into the reactor. After the in situ made polyether polyol product having the desired molecular weight has been formed, the in situ made polyether polyol is removed from the reactor. These polyether polyols are particularly suitable for the production of flexible polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Methods of modifying the rate of systemic absorption of a drug administered to a subject by a pulmonary route, the method comprising covalently conjugating a hydrophilic polymer to a drug, wherein the drug has a half-life of elimination from the lung of less than about 180 minutes, to form a drug-polymer conjugate, wherein the drug-polymer conjugate has a net hydrophilic character and a weight average molecular weight of from about 50 to about 20,000 Daltons, and wherein the half-life of elimination from the lung of the drug-polymer conjugate is at least about 1.5-fold greater than the half-life of elimination from the lung of the drug, wherein the half-life of elimination from the lung is measured by bronchoalveolar lavage followed by assaying residual lung material.

Abstract: A detergent composition with a superior drying performance is provided comprising a surfactant according to the formula: Formula (I)) Wherein n=0-5 and m=10-50; or formula (2): R1O(AlkO)xM(OAlk)yOR2 wherein R1 and R2 are independently a branched or straight chain, saturated or unsaturated, and possibly hydroxylated, alkyl radicals with 4 to 22 carbon atoms. wherein Alk is a branched or unbranched alkyl radical with 2-4 carbon atoms; wherein x and y are independently an integer between 1 and 70; wherein M is an alkyl radical selected from the group CH2, CHR3, CR3R4, CH2CHR3, CHR3CHR4; and wherein R3 and R4 are independently branched or straight chain, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl radicals with 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is a water-based lubricant comprising a hyperbranch-type polyglycerol having an absolute molecular weight of from 5,000 to 500,000. The water-based lubricant has a small friction coefficient and is excellent in lubrication performance and defoamability, as compared with conventional water-based lubricants comprising an ethylene/propylene oxide copolymer, and is favorable, for example, for a water-based metal processing agent and a hydraulic pressure fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of modified polyglycols for production of cooling and/or lubricating fluids, to novel cooling and/or lubricating fluids, to the use of the cooling and/or lubricating fluids in the removal of material, especially in the cutting of wafers, and to wafers produced with the aid of the cutting fluid.

Abstract: The alkoxylate mixtures comprise alkoxylates of the formula (I) C5H11CH(C3H7)CH2O(B)p(A)n(B)m(A)qH??(I) where A is ethyleneoxy, B, in each case independently, are C3-10-alkyleneoxy or mixtures thereof, groups A and B being present in the form of blocks in the stated sequence, p is a number from 0 to 10, n is a number greater than 0 to 20, m is a number greater than 0 to 20, q is a number greater than 0 to 10, p+n+m+q is at least 1, from 70 to 99% by weight of alkoxylates A1, in which C5H11 is n-C5H11, and from 1 to 30% by weight of alkoxylates A2, in which C5H11 is C2H5CH(CH3)CH2 and/or CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2, being present in the mixture.

Abstract: A polyether is synthesized by ring opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide with an initiator having at least one hydroxyl group, in the presence of a double metal cyanide complex catalyst, then a powder of an inorganic adsorbent containing at least 50 vol % of fine particles having a particle size of at most 26 ?m and further containing at least 90 vol % of fine particles having a particle size of at most 44 ?m, is added to the crude polyether, and a metal derived from the above double metal cyanide complex catalyst is adsorbed on the powder, followed by separating the powder from the crude polyether.

Abstract: Described are agrochemical compositions comprising alkoxylation products according to general formula (I) R1(CO)m—O—[R2O]nR3??(I) wherein R1 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, optionally hydroxy-functionalised hydrocarbyl radical containing 8 to 30 carbon atoms, R2 is an ethylene, propylene or butylene group or mixtures thereof, R3 is hydrogen or an acyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, m is 0 or 1, n is an integer between 3 and 100. When R3 is an acyl group, R2 is ethylene, propylene or mixtures thereof, and when R3 is hydrogen, R2 is ethylene, propylene, butylene or mixtures thereof provided that the terminal group represents a butylene oxide unit.

Abstract: Methods of modifying the rate of systemic absorption of a drug administered to a subject by a pulmonary route, the method comprising covalently conjugating a hydrophilic polymer to a drug, wherein the drug has a half-life of elimination from the lung of less than about 180 minutes, to form a drug-polymer conjugate, wherein the drug-polymer conjugate has a net hydrophilic character and a weight average molecular weight of from about 50 to about 20,000 Daltons, and wherein the half-life of elimination from the lung of the drug-polymer conjugate is at least about 1.5-fold greater than the half-life of elimination from the lung of the drug, wherein the half-life of elimination from the lung is measured by bronchoalveolar lavage followed by assaying residual lung material.

Abstract: The invention relates to antistatic polymer compositions comprising a polymer substrate, a polyalkyleneethoxylate with a specific molecular weight and a salt. Further aspects are a process for preparing an antistatic polymer and the use of such a polyalkyleneethoxylate as antistatic agent in polymers, preferably together with a salt.

Abstract: A branched hetero polyethylene glycol according to the present invention is represented by the formula [1]: wherein X and Y represent each an atomic group containing at least a functional group which reacts with a functional group present in a bio-functional molecule to form a covalent bond and the functional group contained in the atomic group X and the functional group contained in the atomic group Y are different from each other; s is an integer of 2 to 8, which represents the number of polyethylene glycol chains; n is the number of average added moles for the polyethylene glycol chain and 20?n?2000; and E is a branching linker moiety having s-valent bonding valency for the polyethylene glycol chains and having monovalent bonding valency for the functional group Y.

Abstract: The present invention provides an amphiphile of the formula (I) as described hereinafter. The invention further relates to a process for preparing the amphiphile and to a composition comprising the amphiphile and a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient. It further relates to a process for producing the composition by contacting the amphiphile and the active ingredient, and to the use of the amphiphile for solubilizing a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient in aqueous solutions. The invention also relates to the use of the amphiphile in an agrochemical formulation comprising the amphiphile and a pesticide for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or unwanted vegetation and/or unwanted insect or mite infestation and/or for regulating the growth of plants, and finally to plant propagation material comprising the amphiphile.

Abstract: Provided are alkoxylates of the formula I: wherein AO, EO, m, n, R, R1 and R2 are as defined below. Also provided are processes for making alkoxylates of formula I. The processes provide alkoxylates that exhibit narrow molecular weight distribution and low amounts of residual unreacted alcohol. The alkoxylates have utility in a variety of applications, such as use as surfactants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a solubilizer for enhancing the solubility of an active pharmaceutical ingredient in water. The present invention further relates to a composition comprising a solubilizer and at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient. In both cases the solubilizer is an alkoxylated monoalcohol or a mixture of alkoxylated monoalcohols, where the alkoxylated monoalcohol or, if a mixture of alkoxylated monoalcohols is present, at least one alkoxylated monoalcohol in the mixture comprises at least one oxypropylene unit.

Abstract: Described is a process for the alkoxylation of alcohols with I, Cl, or CH3CO2 endgroups, using alkylene epoxides in the presence of boron based catalysts.

Abstract: Processes for the alkoxylation of alcohols using alkylene epoxides in the presence of boron based catalysts are provided.

Abstract: A modified bio-related substance, wherein at least one poly(alkylene glycol)oxy group represented by the following formula (1) is combined in a molecule: wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, OA1 and OA2 are each an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the groups represented by R are the same or different from each other in one molecule, and the groups represented by OA2 are the same or different from each other in one molecule, n and m are each average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group added, n represents 0 to 1000, and m represents 10 to 1000.

Abstract: A modified bio-related substance, wherein at least one poly(alkylene glycol)oxy group represented by the following formula (1) is combined in a molecule: wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, OA1 and OA2 are each an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the groups represented by R are the same or different from each other in one molecule, and the groups represented by OA2 are the same or different from each other in one molecule, n and m are each average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group added, n represents 0 to 1000, and m represents 10 to 1000.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nonionic emulsifier for spontaneous emulsification, containing a chemical compound having the general structure tallow alcohol -n PO-m EO, the average number of hydrocarbon atoms of the tallow alcohol amounting to between 16 and 18, and the iodine count being lower than or equal to 1 g of iodine/100 g of the chemical compound. The average degree of propoxylation is between 1 and 4, and the average degree of ethoxylation is between 2 and 6.

Abstract: The invention relates to washing and cleaning agents that, as a washing active substance, contain alcohol ethoxylate propoxylates, which are obtained by the addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to fatty alcohols, the number of the added propylene oxide units needing to be greater than the number of the added ethylene oxide units.

Abstract: A modified bio-related substance, wherein at least one poly(alkylene glycol)oxy group represented by the following formula (1) is combined in a molecule: wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, OA1 and OA2 are each an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the groups represented by R are the same or different from each other in one molecule, and the groups represented by OA2 are the same or different from each other in one molecule, n and m are each average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group added, n represents 0 to 1000, and m represents 10 to 1000.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surface modifier for an inorganic solid, of which a small amount improves efficiently and significantly the affinity of the inorganic solid with a medium, thus obtaining a composition having no bad effects even if the inorganic solid is blended in a large amount. That is, the present invention provides a surface modifier for an inorganic solid, which comprises a polyether having a monomeric unit represented by the formula (I); a inorganic solid having at least a part of its surface coated with the surface modifier; and a composition comprising the surface modifier and a inorganic solid: wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-50 hydrocarbon or fluoroalkyl group, a C6-50 fluoroaryl group, a Si1-50 siloxysilylpropyl group, etc.

Abstract: There is provided a new branched primary alcohol composition and the sulfates thereof exhibiting good cold water detergency and biodegradability. The branched primary alcohol composition has an average number of branches per chain of at least 0.7, having at least 8 carbon atoms and contianing both methyl and ethyl branches. The primary alcohol composition may also contain less than 0.5 atom % of quaternary carbon atoms, and a significant number ethyl branches, terminal isopropyl branches, and branching at the C3 position relative to the hydroxyl carbon. The process for its manufacture is by skeletally isomerizing an olefin feed having at least 7 carbon atoms followed by conversion to an alcohol, as by way of hydroformylation, and ultimately, sulfation to obtain a detergent surfactant Useful catalysts include the zeolites having at least one channel with a crystallographic free diameter along the x and/or y planes of the [001] view ranging from greater than 4.

Abstract: This invention provides the invention provides a fluororesin aqueous dispersion composition comprising a tetrafluoroethylene-based polymer and an aliphatic polyoxyalkylene ether dispersant incorporated therein, wherein the aliphatic polyoxyalkylene ether dispersant shows a 50% decomposition temperature of not lower than 250° C.

Abstract: Random fatty alcohol alkoxylates with low temperature stability which are polymerization products of fatty alcohols, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, according to the general formula (I): R1O[(EO)n(PO)m]—H ??(I) wherein R1 represents an alkyl group having from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms, each EO represents —CH2CH2O—, each PO independently represents —C(CH3)HCH2O— or —CH2C(CH3)HO—, wherein n represents the average number of EO units present in each random fatty alcohol alkoxylate and has a value of from about 2 to about 7, and wherein m represents the average number of PO units present in each random fatty alcohol alkoxylate and has a value of from about 1.5 to about 3; are disclosed. A process for the production of such random fatty alcohol alkoxylates and methods of their use in water-dilutable concentrates are also disclosed.

Abstract: A detergent composition having cold water solubility and exhibiting high calcium tolerance can be produced from biodegradable branched ether derivative compositions derived from a branched ether primary alcohol represented by the formula: wherein R1 represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R2 represents a hydrocarbyl radical having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, x is a number ranging from 0 to 16, preferably from 3 to 13, wherein the total number of carbon atoms in the alcohol ranges from 9 to 24.

Abstract: Polyetherpolyols are prepared by reacting diols or polyols with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or a mixture thereof in the presence of a multimetal cyanide complex catalyst by a process which is carried out in a vertical, highly cylindrical reactor having a central stirrer and having heat exchanger plates through which a heat-exchange medium flows and which are arranged essentially in the longitudinal direction of the reactor, at an angle ? of from 0 to 70° in the direction of rotation of the stirrer relative to the reactor radius.

Abstract: A process for preparing (per)fluorohalogenethers having general formula (II): R?CF2OCFA-CA?F2??(II) wherein:— A and A?, equal to or different from each other, are H, Cl or Br but they cannot be both H; R? has the following meanings: RO—, wherein R is a (per)fluorinated substituent, selected from the following groups: linear or branched C1–C20 alkyl; C3–C7 cycloalkyl; aromatic, C6–C10 arylalkyl or alkylaryl; C5–C10 heterocyclic or alkylheterocyclic; or a perfluoropolyether substituent T-Rf— wherein T=—OCF2OCFA-CA?F2, —OCF2XI, wherein XI=F, CF3, Cl; Rf is a perfluorooxyalkylene chain; by reaction of carbonyl compounds having formula R?COF (III) wherein R?=RO—, or R?=Q-Rf— wherein Q=—OCOF, —OCF2XI; in liquid phase with elemental fluorine and with olefinic compounds having formula CAF=CA?F (IV), at temperatures from ?120° C. to ?20° C.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyether polyols includes a precipitation step, a recrystallization step, and a reaction step. In the precipitation step, a multimetal cyanide compound is precipitated by reaction of a metal salt with a cyanometalate compound. In the recrystallization step, the multimetal cyanide compound precipitated above is recrystallized by adding further metal salt and/or further cyanometalate compound. The recrystallization forms a multimetal cyanide catalyst compound. In the reaction step, an initiator and one or more alkylene oxide are reacted in the presence of the multimetal cyanide catalyst compound.

Abstract: A refrigerating machine oil for a carbon dioxide refrigerant according to the invention is a refrigerating machine oil comprising polyalkylene glycol represented by the following general formula (1): R1{—(OR2)n—OH}m??(1) [where R1 represents a residue of an organic compound having a hydroxyl group, from which the hydroxyl group has been removed, R2 an alkylene group, and m and n respective integers], wherein a number average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is not less than 500 nor more than 5000, wherein a rate of ethylene group among the alkylene group in the polyalkylene glycol is more than 0 and not more than 80 mol %, and wherein a rate of molecules in which the alkylene group bonded to a terminal hydroxyl group in the polyalkylene glycol is an ethylene group, is not more than 20 mol %.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the preparation of polyether polyols by polyaddition of alkylene oxides to starter compounds containing active hydrogen atoms, wherein the catalyst contains a) double metal cyanide compounds, b) organic complex ligands other than c), and c) complex ligands formed by introduction of a glycidyl ether into the catalyst. The catalysts according to the invention have greatly increased activity in the preparation of polyether polyols.

Abstract: Oleophilic polyoxyalkylene monoethers having reduced water affinity are disclosed. The monoethers have a hydrocarbyl residue, a polyoxyalkylene moiety, and a hydroxyl end group. The monoethers contain less than about 6 mole percent of alkoxylated unsaturates, and preferably less than about 5 mole percent of polyoxyalkylene diols. The monoethers offer substantial advantages for fuel compositions, particularly reduced water affinity. By using deposit-control additives based on the monoethers, formulators can offer better fuels for cleaner engines.

Abstract: Polyethylene glycol for use in fields with application to a living body wherein the sum of the contents of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol in the polyethylene glycol is less than or equal to that expressed in the following formula [I]: Sum ⁢   ⁢ of ⁢   ⁢ ethylene ⁢   ⁢ glycol ⁢   ⁢ and ⁢   ⁢ diethylene ⁢   ⁢ glycol ⁢   ⁢ contents ⁢  

Abstract: Polyester-polyether block copolymers can be prepared by catalytic addition of alkylene oxides onto H-functional initiator substances, using polyester alcohols as H-functional initiator substances and multimetal cyanide compounds as catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to specific compositions made by alkoxylation of crude guerbet alcohol mixtures that contain between 15% and 50% lower molecular weight alkoxylated alcohols. The lower molecular weight alcohols are the raw material alcohols used to make the guerbet. Compositions containing this specific bi-modal distribution have unique emulsification properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the preparation of polyether polyols by polyaddition of alkylene oxides to starter compounds containing active hydrogen atoms, wherein the catalyst contains a) double metal cyanide compounds, b) organic complex ligands other than c), and c) carboxylic acid ester of polyhydric alcohols. The catalysts according to the invention have greatly increased activity in the preparation of polyether polyols.

Abstract: A process for preparing an ether-capped poly(oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactant which results in the absence of metallic catalyst component residues from the ether-capped poly(oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactant.

Abstract: Ether-capped poly(oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactants having superior grease cleaning abilities and improved spotting/filming benefits are provided.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds useful as low foaming surfactants and defoaming and stabilizing agents for aqueous-and nonaqueous-based compositions, and to processes for the preparation of the polymeric compounds, wherein the polymeric compounds are the reaction products of reactants comprising A) at least one linking compound of formula I R1(X)3  (I) wherein each X group is a halogen atom or one X group is a halogen atom and two X groups represent an epoxy oxygen atom, which is attached to two adjacent carbon atoms in the R1 group to form an epoxy group, and R1 is an alkanetriyl group containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and B) compounds of formula 11 R2(OA)nX  (II) wherein R2 is an organic group containing from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, n is a number of from 0 to 200, X is —OH, —NHR′, or —SH and each OA group is independently an ethyleneoxy, 1,2-propyleneoxy, or 1,2-butyleneoxy group.

Abstract: Compounds useful as reactive coalescents and methods of improving the stability of reactive coalescents are disclosed. A process for the preparation of low molecular weight polymers which are also useful as reactive coalescents is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composition for preventing clogging of oil filters for various internal combustion engines, the composition comprising at least one hydroxyl-containing component selected from the group consisting of: compounds represented by the formula (1) R1O—(R2O)m—H  (1)  wherein R1 is hydrogen or C1 to C8 alkyl, R2 is C2 to C10 alkylene, m is an integer of 1 to 10, and when m is 2 or more, the two or more R2 groups may be the same or different; and compounds represented by the formula (2)  wherein R3 is C2 to C4 alkylene, R4 is hydrogen or C1 to C10 alkyl, n is an integer of 0 to 8, and when n is 2 or more, the two or more R3 groups may be the same or different; a method for preventing oil filter clogging using the composition, and an engine oil composition containing the composition.

Abstract: A process for preparing an ether-capped poly(oxyalkylated)alcohol surfactant is provided.

Abstract: The products of the reaction of epichlorohydrin and compounds having the formula II R3(EO)n(PO)mOH  (II) wherein R3 is an alkyl, alkenyl or arenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms; a substituted alkyl or alkenyl group having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms wherein; n is a number from 0 to 50 and m is a number from 0 to 50; wherein the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to (II) is from about 0.60/1 to about 2/1 are used in defoaming compositions for defoaming aqueous systems such as latex paints.

Abstract: The present invention relates to highly active, substantially crystalline double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts, a process for the preparation of these double metal cyanide catalysts, a process for producing polyether polyols by the polyaddition of alcohol ethers onto starter compounds containing active hydrogen atoms from these DMC catalysts, and to the polyether polyols produced by this process. The DMC catalysts of the invention comprise a) double metal cyanide compounds, b) organic complexing ligands, and c) functionalized polymers. These catalysts exhibit increased activity in the process for the production of polyether polyols.

Abstract: A crystalline multimetal cyanide complex of the formula (I) M1a[M2(CN)bL1c]d*e(M1fXg)*hL2′iH2O  (I) where M1 is at least one element from the group consisting of Zn(II), Fe(II), Co(III), Ni(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Sn(II).

Abstract: A glycol ether block copolymer for use in low potassium content aqueous drilling fluids of the formula I R—O—[[—R1O]m[—R11O]n[—R111—O]p]H  I wherein the —R1O and —R11O groups may be in either order attached to the R—O group, and the R111O group, if any is spaced from the RO group by the R11O group and R1O group, and is different from the group R11 or R1O to which it is bonded directly. R is an organic group e.g. a hydrocarbyl group, R1is an ethylene group, each of R11 and R111, which are the same or different is a propylene, butylene ethylene group, m is 1-10 or an average of 1.0-10, while n is 1-10 or an average of 1.0-10, p is O or an average of 0.5-5 and the sum of m and n is at least 3.0.