Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions comprise one or more polytetrahydrofuranes that are prepared by alkoxylating polytetrahydrofurane with at least one C8-C30 epoxy alkane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of chemical engineering and technology, in particular relates to the sub-field of synthesis of high quality alternative liquid fuel for engines from non-petroleum based feedstock, more particularly relates to a method for adjusting, controlling and optimizing the synthetic process of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers by utilizing chemical thermodynamic principle. The process of the present invention is achieved by conditions wherein the initial temperature of reaction is controlled at 100-120° C., then the temperature is reduced to 50-70° C. by successive stepwise cooling or programmed cooling, the reaction pressure is controlled at 0.1-4.0 MPa, and the molar ratio of paraformaldehyde or trioxane, metered in formaldehyde units, to methylal in the feedstock is 1.5:1-8:1.

Abstract: A polyether polyol based on renewable materials is obtained by the in situ production of a polyether from a hydroxyl group-containing vegetable oil, at least one alkylene oxide and a low molecular weight polyol having at least 2 hydroxyl groups. The polyol is produced by introducing the hydroxyl group-containing vegetable oil, a catalyst and an alkylene oxide to a reactor and initiating the alkoxylation reaction. After the alkoxylation reaction has begun but before the reaction has been 20% completed, the low molecular weight polyol having at least 2 hydroxyl groups is continuously introduced into the reactor. After the in situ made polyether polyol product having the desired molecular weight has been formed, the in situ made polyether polyol is removed from the reactor. These polyether polyols are particularly suitable for the production of flexible polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Improved methods for making ethers. In particular, an alkoxide can be more effectively converted into an ether by reaction with a hydrocarbyl halide in the presence of a substantial excess of a hygroscopic base such as NaOH. When present in such an unconventional excess, the base serves multiple functions. As a consequence, the alkoxide is extensively converted to the desired ether rapidly at excellent yields. The reaction environment also aids later product isolation. The use of the NaOH rather than Na metal allows the ether product to be separated from water soluble impurities such as salt products, left over base, left over hydrocarbyl halide, formates, etc. by liquid-liquid extraction among aqueous and organic phases.

Abstract: A substance includes diamond particles having a maximum linear dimension of less than about 1 ?m and an organic compound attached to surfaces of the diamond particles. The organic compound may include a surfactant or a polymer. A method of forming a substance includes exposing diamond particles to an organic compound, and exposing the diamond particles in the presence of the organic compound to ultrasonic energy. The diamond particles may have a maximum linear dimension of less than about 1 ?m. A composition includes a liquid, a plurality of diamond nanoparticles dispersed within the liquid, and an organic compound attached to surfaces of the diamond nanoparticles. A method includes mixing a plurality of diamond particles with a solution comprising a liquid solvent and an organic compound, and exposing the mixture including the plurality of diamond nanoparticles and the solution to ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of chemical engineering and technology, in particular relates to the sub-field of synthesis of high quality alternative liquid engine fuel from non-petroleum based feedstock, more particularly relates to a method for regulating and optimizing the synthetic process of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers utilizing chemical thermodynamic principle. The process of the present invention Is achieved by conditions wherein the initial temperature of reaction is controlled at 100-120° C., then the temperature is reduced to 50-70° C. by successive stepwise cooling or programmed cooling,, the reaction pressure is controlled at 0.1-4.0 MPa, and the molar ratio of paraformaldehyde or trioxane metered in formaldehyde units to methylal in the feedstock is 1.5:1-8:1. In the process, higher overall yield of the target product can be achieved in the same reaction time, and selectivity of products with higher degree of polymerization of methoxy groups can be increased.

Abstract: A process for recycling polyoxymethylene polymers is disclosed. A polyoyxmethylene polymer is at least partially dissolved in an aprotic compound. The resulting solution or suspension (liquid mixture) is then contacted with a catalyst which causes the polyoxymethylene polymer to be converted into a cyclic acetal. The cyclic acetal can be separated, collected and used in other processes. In one embodiment, the cyclic acetal may be used to produce a polyoxymethylene polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chromatography medium comprising one or more electrospun polymer nanofibres which form a stationary phase comprising a plurality of pores through which a mobile phase can permeate and use of the same in chromatography, such as the isolation of recombinant proteins, monoclonal antibodies, viral vaccines and plasmid DNA. The invention further provides for the use of the chromatographic medium in a simulated moving bed system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of membrane separation processes and clean in place compositions for cleaning such membranes. The cleaning compositions can remove proteins, fats, and other food, beverage, and brewery based soils and offer an environmentally friendly alternative surfactant system to NPE. According to the invention, surfactants and polymers useful for this process are unpredictable and specific surfactants, polymers, and combinations of the same are disclosed for use alone, as part of a cleaning composition. Methods of use of the same are also included.

Abstract: Described are associative thickeners based on compounds which comprise at least one hydrophobically modified polyether dendron end group.

Abstract: A reaction system and method for producing polyoxymethylene dialkyl ethers (RO(CH2O)nR, n=1-8) by continuous acetalation of formaldehyde and aliphatic alcohol in the presence of an acid ionic liquid catalyst. The reaction system includes an acetalation reaction unit, a product separation unit, and a catalyst regeneration unit. The recyclable material and catalyst are separated by combining extraction and rectification, and a recovery rate of more than 99% for the catalyst is achieved. Water, as the byproduct, is separated from the reaction system by destroying the azeotrope of water, alcohol, aldehyde, and RO(CH2O)nR, so that the product separation and catalyst regeneration are facilitated and the catalytic cycle is achieved.

Abstract: Described is a method for the preparation of renin inhibitors such as aliskiren, and intermediates useful therein. The method introduces a nitrogen-containing intermediate such as a lactone of formula (8). with R4 being a branched C3—6 alkyl. In the preparation of the lactone, or related intermediates, a desired stereochemical configuration can be controlled by starting from a chiral aldehyde satisfying formula (10).

Abstract: A fluid composition comprises a base stock and a polymer. The base stock comprises a glycol, such as ethylene glycol. The polymer comprises the reaction product of a hydroxyl functional initiator, such as a diol, and alkylene oxides. The alkylene oxides are selected from the group of ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO), and butylene oxide (BO). In certain embodiments, the alkylene oxides comprise EO and PO. The fluid composition provides a four-ball wear test scar of less than about 1 millimeter, generally under the following test conditions: 60 minutes run, 55° C., 1800 rpm, and 40 kg load. In other embodiments, the fluid composition comprises the polymer and is substantially free of the base stock. The fluid composition is useful for vibration dampening and can be used in vibration dampeners. The vibration dampener is useful for dampening vibrations between the two rigid components of the vehicle.

Abstract: A composition comprises a surfactant having the formula below, R1(EtO)x(PrO)y(BuO)z R1 is C12-15. X is 5-8. Y is 0-4. Z is 0-2.

Abstract: This disclosure describes draw solution compositions for FO processes which increase the available membrane area for permeation and are also amenable to reconcentration with standard techniques, such as membrane filtration and evaporative technologies. The composition are comprised of a water soluble draw solute having surface active properties, i.e., a surfactant.

Abstract: Paper coating compositions contain specific polyethers which are obtained by reacting a diglycidyl ether with a water soluble polyol containing at least one polyoxyethylene chain acting as deflocculants, water retention agents and gloss enhancers.

Abstract: Copolymers of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide have an inner block that contains from 65-90 weight percent oxyethylene units and from 10 to 35 weight percent oxypropylene units. This block has a molecular weight of from 150 to 350. The copolymer has an outer block which contains at least 95 weight % oxypropylene units and from 0 to 5% oxyethylene units. The equivalent weight of the copolymer is from 800 to 2000. The copolymers are useful in making polyurethane foams that have unexpectedly high tensile and/or tear strengths.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyaryl ethers in which a polycondensation of the monomer building blocks is carried out using microwave irradiation leads to thermoplastic molding compositions having improved color properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for the production of sterically hindered diol ethers and diacyl ethers of formula

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for synthesizing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers by ionic liquid catalysis. The method comprises synthesizing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers by using a functional acidic ionic liquid as catalyst and using methylal and trioxymethylene as reactant under a relative mild reaction condition. The invention has advantages of high catalyst activity and reaction conversion, simple reaction process, high operationability and controllability, as well as good product distribution and high raw material utilization ratio.

Abstract: The invention relates to nonyl alcohols with a low degree of branching and derivatives produced using them. In particular the present invention relates to mixture of primary nonyl alcohols in which at least 80% of the alkyl chains are linear and at least 15% of the alkyl chains are branched at the 2-carbon position and its derivatives. The low degree of branching produces derivatives that are more elongated and less bulky that similar derivatives produced with more highly branched alcohols.

Abstract: A lubricant base stock is provided. The base stock is a polyether of a plurality of epoxidized olefin monomeric units. The polyether has 30 carbon atoms or more. There is also a process for making a polyether.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer and the associated polymerization process, and to the use of the polymers according to the invention for example as foam suppressant, for the dispersion of solids or as surfactant for washing or cleaning purposes. The polymer is prepared by polymerization of a) at least one alkylene oxide or a cyclic carbonate of the formula (I) where n is 1 to 10, m is 0 to 3 and R1 is C1-C10-alkyl, C2-C10-alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl, b) glycerol carbonate, where the polymerization is carried out in the presence of at least one base.

Abstract: Highly-functionalized, low-viscosity polyether polyols are obtained by dehydration condensation reaction of alcohols. The polyether polyols are obtained by dehydration condensation of glycerin and monohydric and/or dihydric alcohol with the glycerin percentage being more than 50 mol % relative to 100 mol % of the total of the glycerin and alcohol. The glycerin may be crude glycerin obtained by hydrolysis or alcoholysis of natural fat and oils.

Abstract: The invention relates to nonionic surfactants of ethoxylates of linear C16-C18-alcohols with, on average, 8.5 to 9.5 mol of ethylene oxide per mole of linear C16-C18-alcohol.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of ethylene oxide and, optionally, ethylene glycol. A base is added at various positions downstream of the quench section of an ethylene oxide absorber. This mitigates corrosion in the ethylene oxide and ethylene glycol plant.

Abstract: A bioperformance enhancing adjuvant of Formula (I) R1O[BO]n[AO]mR2 where BO is butylene oxide; and each AO is independently propylene oxide or ethylene oxide; n is from 1 to 12; m is from 0 to 20; R1 is optionally substituted C4-20 alkyl or optionally substituted C4-20 alkenyl; and R2 is hydrogen or optionally substituted C1-3 alkyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one compound of formula (I) R—(OCH2)n—OR? in which R and R?, identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl radical comprising 1 to 5 carbon atoms and n is an index with a value comprised between 1 and 8, and/or at least one dialdehyde acetal type compound for the preservation of the human or animal body and/or the embalming of dead bodies. It also relates to a composition comprising same and a process for preserving a human or animal body and/or embalming a dead body comprising the administration of the composition to the dead body in particular by injection, perfusion, immersion or topical application.

Abstract: The invention relates to antistatic polymer compositions comprising a polymer substrate, a polyalkyleneethoxylate with a specific molecular weight and a salt. Further aspects are a process for preparing an antistatic polymer and the use of such a polyalkyleneethoxylate as antistatic agent in polymers, preferably together with a salt.

Abstract: Described are associative thickeners based on compounds which comprise at least one hydrophobically modified polyether dendron end group.

Abstract: A process for preparing an alkoxylation catalyst wherein a catalyst precursor which is formed from an alkoxylated alcohol and an alkaline earth metal compound to form a dispersion of an alkaline earth metal species is reacted with propylene oxide to propoxylate at least a portion of the ethoxylated alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention provides an amphiphile of the formula (I) as described hereinafter. The invention further relates to a process for preparing the amphiphile and to a composition comprising the amphiphile and a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient. It further relates to a process for producing the composition by contacting the amphiphile and the active ingredient, and to the use of the amphiphile for solubilizing a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient in aqueous solutions. The invention also relates to the use of the amphiphile in an agrochemical formulation comprising the amphiphile and a pesticide for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or unwanted vegetation and/or unwanted insect or mite infestation and/or for regulating the growth of plants, and finally to plant propagation material comprising the amphiphile.

Abstract: A substance includes diamond particles having a maximum linear dimension of less than about 1 ?m and an organic compound attached to surfaces of the diamond particles. The organic compound may include a surfactant or a polymer. A method of forming a substance includes exposing diamond particles to an organic compound, and exposing the diamond particles in the presence of the organic compound to ultrasonic energy. The diamond particles may have a maximum linear dimension of less than about 1 ?m. A composition includes a liquid, a plurality of diamond nanoparticles dispersed within the liquid, and an organic compound attached to surfaces of the diamond nanoparticles. A method includes mixing a plurality of diamond particles with a solution comprising a liquid solvent and an organic compound, and exposing the mixture including the plurality of diamond nanoparticles and the solution to ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: Redox flow devices are described in which at least one of the positive electrode or negative electrode-active materials is a semi-solid or is a condensed ion-storing electroactive material, and in which at least one of the electrode-active materials is transported to and from an assembly at which the electrochemical reaction occurs, producing electrical energy. The electronic conductivity of the semi-solid is increased by the addition of conductive particles to suspensions and/or via the surface modification of the solid in semi-solids (e.g., by coating the solid with a more electron conductive coating material to increase the power of the device). High energy density and high power redox flow devices are disclosed. The redox flow devices described herein can also include one or more inventive design features. In addition, inventive chemistries for use in redox flow devices are also described.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyoxymethylene dialkyl ethers of the formula H2m+1CmO(CH2O)nCmH2m+1 where n=2-10, m, identically or differently,=1 or 2, in which a dialkyl ether selected from dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether and diethyl ether, and trioxane are fed into a reactor and reacted in the presence of an acidic catalyst, the amount of water introduced into the reaction mixture by the dialkyl ether, trioxane and/or the catalyst being <1% by weight based on the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A lubricant base stock is provided. The base stock is a polyether of a plurality of epoxidized olefin monomeric units. The polyether has 30 carbon atoms or more. There is also a process for making a polyether.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for reducing the shift in EMF bias in a magnesium ion selective electrode, comprising the step of: contacting the electrode with a composition comprising a polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactant; wherein the polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactant has an HLB greater than about 18. Additional aspects of the present invention are directed to methods, comprising the steps of: contacting a magnesium ion selective electrode with a composition comprising a polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactant, wherein the polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactant has an HLB greater than about 18; and measuring a biologically relevant level of a blood electrolyte in a blood composition with the electrode. In certain embodiments, the polyoxyalkylene nonionic surfactant is polyoxy ethylene (100) stearyl ether and the blood electrolyte is magnesium ion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for hatching of hatchery eggs comprising: (a) treating the egg shell surface with a coating composition comprising a coating agent, to form a coating on the surface of the egg's shell; and (b) incubating the egg under conditions to cause hatching to occur; wherein the yield of hatching of said hatchery eggs is improved as compared to control eggs not treated as defined in (a). The invention additionally relates to a composition for treating of hatchery eggs prior to incubation, wherein said composition comprising a coating agent, and wherein said composition improves the hatching yield of said hatchery eggs.

Abstract: A poly(alpha-olefin/alkylene glycol) copolymer of the following formula: wherein R3, R4, Ra, and Rb are, independently, any of H, a C1 to C18 normal or branched alkyl radical, or a C1 to C18 aromatic radical or aromatic-containing alkyl radicals; wherein n and m, are, independently, integers from 1 to 1000; and wherein x is an integer from 0 to 10. There is also a process for making the copolymer. There is also a lubricant formulation having the copolymer.

Abstract: What is described are specific agrochemical compositions comprising alkyl polypropylene glycol polyethylene glycol, processes for their preparation and the use of corresponding compositions in the agrochemical field. The present invention furthermore relates to the use of alkyl polypropylene glycol polyethylene glycol as penetrant for agrochemically active compounds and/or as spontaneity enhancer in the preparation of application liquors.

Abstract: A process for preparing a bioabsorbable sheet preparation holding thrombin is provided. A process for preparing a bioabsorbable sheet preparation holding thrombin which comprises immersing a bioabsorbable sheet consisting of polyglycolic acid in a thrombin solution containing thrombin as an active ingredient, glycerol as a softening agent, Tween 80 as a permeating agent, and optionally histidine and trehalose as a stabilizing agent followed by drying to hold thrombin on said bioabsorbable sheet, and a bioabsorbable sheet preparation holding thrombin prepared by said process.

Abstract: Described is a method for the preparation of renin inhibitors such as aliskiren, and intermediates useful therein. The method introduces a nitrogen-containing intermediate such as a lactone of formula (8). with R4 being a branched C3—6 alkyl. In the preparation of the lactone, or related intermediates, a desired stereochemical configuration can be controlled by starting from a chiral aldehyde satisfying formula (10).

Abstract: The invention relates to selected surface-active substances of groups a) and b), the surface-active compound a) being selected from compounds of general formula (Ia), wherein M represents a group CH2—CH2 or CHR—CH2, R, R? or R? independently represent saturated, unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl groups or alkenyl groups with 6 to 22 C atoms, and the indices n and m independently can have values between 1 and 40, and/or compounds of general formula (Ib), wherein R?? and R?? independently represent saturated, unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl groups or alkenyl groups with 4 to 22 C atoms, and the indices n and m independently can have values between 1 and 40 and X? and X? independently represent H or saturated, unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl groups or alkenyl groups with 1 to 18 C atoms.

Abstract: Improved methods for making ethers. In particular, an alkoxide can be more effectively converted into an ether by reaction with a hydrocarbyl halide in the presence of a substantial excess of a hygroscopic base such as NaOH. When present in such an unconventional excess, the base serves multiple functions. As a consequence, the alkoxide is extensively converted to the desired ether rapidly at excellent yields. The reaction environment also aids later product isolation. The use of the NaOH rather than Na metal allows the ether product to be separated from water soluble impurities such as salt products, left over base, left over hydrocarbyl halide, formates, etc. by liquid-liquid extraction among aqueous and organic phases.

Abstract: A monomer compound that contains at least one polymerizable functional group per molecule, and at least one bicycloheptyl-, bicycloheptenyl-, or branched (C5-C42)alkyl-polyether radical per molecule, wherein the bicycloheptyl- or bicycloheptenyl- polyether radical may optionally be substituted on one or more of the ring carbon atoms by one or two (C1-C6)alkyl groups per ring carbon atom is useful in making polymers, particularly pH responsive polymers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chain-end functionalized methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG), a process of preparing the same, a living methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) for preparing the functionalized methoxy poly(ethylene glycol), a nano-particles of transition metal or metal salt encapsulated in the micelle structure formed by the chain-end functionalized methoxy poly(ethylene glycol), and a method for preparing the nano-particles of transition metal or metal salt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing lower-color polytrimethylene ether glycol, comprising contacting said polytrimethylene ether glycol, or its precursor reaction-mixture, with a hydride compound during at least one stage of the process of manufacture, or on the polytrimethylene ether glycol resulting form such process, such that the polytrimethylene ether glycol demonstrates a reduced color (as compared to using no hydride compound).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing alkylene glycol diethers by reacting a linear or cyclic ether with an alkylene oxide in the presence of a Lewis acid. The method is characterized in that the Lewis acid is a mixture of 1 part by weight of HBF4 and/or BF3 and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of H2SO4, HNO3 and/or H3PO4. The new catalyst system allows to reduce undesired by-products such as e.g. dioxan or dimethyltriethylene glycol, and to increase the quantity of valuable substances such as dimethyl glycol and dimethyl diglycol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of producing one or more of an alkylene glycol or poly-alkylene glycol by the reaction of an alkylene oxide and water whereby reduced levels of undesired by products such as carbonyl compounds, ultraviolet light absorbing compounds and various metal species are produced.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for synthesizing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers by ionic liquid catalysis. The method comprises synthesizing polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers by using a functional acidic ionic liquid as catalyst and using methylal and trioxymethylene as reactant under a relative mild reaction condition. The invention has advantages of high catalyst activity and reaction conversion, simple reaction process, high operationability and controllability, as well as good product distribution and high raw material utilization ratio.