Abstract: Diamino compounds, dinitro compounds, diol compounds and a process for preparing the diamino compounds which are useful as materials of poly-imide compounds for obtaining aligning films having high pretilt angles in liquid crystal display elements are provided.The diamino compounds are represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 -R.sub.6 are a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, respectively, and R.sub.7 -R.sub.12 are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, F or Cl respectively.

Abstract: Dihydroxydiphenyl cycloalkanes corresponding to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl and C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 aralkyl,m is an integer of from 4 to 7,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, individually selectable for each X, independently of one another represent hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylandX represents carbonwith the proviso that, at at least one atom X, both R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are alkyl, a process for their production, their use for the production of high molecular weight polycarbonates, the polycarbonates made from dihydroxydiphenyl cycloalkane of formula (I) and films made from these polycarbonates.

Abstract: A grignard synthesis of pharmacologically active 1,4-bis(dihydroxyphenyl)butane and analogs, as well as novel intermediates, is provided, comprising preparing a grignard reagent preferably, a 3,4-dialkoxyphenyl propyl magnesium bromide, which may be reacted with carbonyl compounds to form intermediates of desired end products, said carbonyl compounds preferably being 3,4-dialkoxybenzaldehydes. The resulting alcohol is converted to a corresponding ether or siloxy compound, at the carbonyl site. The oxy-substituent is cleaved off; and the benzene ring or rings dealkylated to leave hydroxy substituents on the rings.

Abstract: A novel compound, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol, and a novel preparation process of 4,4'-biphenol by using the novel compound as the raw material.4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol can be obtained by conducting a thermal decomposition reaction of 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol. 4,4'-Biphenol can be industrially manufactured by conducting a dehydrogenation reaction of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol.

Abstract: A novel compound, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol, and a novel preparation process of 4,4'-biphenol by using the novel compound as the raw material.4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol can be obtained by conducting a thermal decomposition reaction of 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol. 4,4'-Biphenol can be industrially manufactured by conducting a dehydrogenation reaction of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol.

Abstract: A novel compound, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol, and a novel preparation process of 4,4'-biphenol by using the novel compound as the raw material.4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol can be obtained by conducting a thermal decomposition reaction of 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol. 4,4'-Biphenol can be industrially manufactured by conducting a dehydrogenation reaction of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol.

Abstract: Certain bis-anthrols and bis-naphthols and their diglycidyl ethers are novel and useful in the preparation of new polyether thermoplastic compositions. The compounds have the formulae: ##STR1## (or its keto tautomer) or ##STR2## where A is as defined in the claims.

Abstract: Spirobiindane bisphenols of high purity, suitable for conversion to high molecular weight polycarbonates, are prepared by reacting a bisphenol or 4-isopropenylphenol with a metal halide Lewis acid or an alkanesulfonic acid, followed by removing impurities including phenols, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)indanols and the like. A step of purification by precipitation with water from a methanol-methylene chloride solution is included.

Abstract: The phenol compound of the present invention can be readily produced by, for example, reacting glyoxal, glutaraldehyde or crotonaldehyde with particular phenols. The phenol compound of the present invention is useful not only as a developer but also as an antioxidant for, e.g., synthetic resins and as an intermediate in the production of medicines or agricultural chemicals.The heat-sensitive recording material of the present invention, which contains the phenol compound as described above, shows little discoloration of the developed color and little coloration of the ground even at a high temperature and high humidity. Thus it is highly superior to conventional ones.

Abstract: A process for preparing 4,4'-biphenol comprising subjecting 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol to decomposition and dehydrogenation in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst.4,4-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol is a novel compound which can be prepared by reacting 4-hydroxycyclohexanone with phenol.

Abstract: A new process for preparing spirobiindanols, comprising refluxing the corresponding alkylaryl bisphenyl derivative in the presence of a dry heterogeneous acid catalyst in toluene, is disclosed.

Abstract: Bis-(norbornyl or substituted norbornyl) derivatives of a phenol or phenylamine of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein each A is O or NH; M is a bivalent radical such as the residue of an aldehyde, ammonia, water or H.sub.2 S; each R is a hydrocarbyl or an inertly substituted hydrocarbyl group; each R.sub.1 is independently a hydrocarbyl or an inertly substituted hydrocarbyl group and each n is independently an integer from 0 to 3 are useful as antioxidants for a variety of materials including latex compositions for preparing latex foam backed carpets.

Abstract: Novel phenolic compounds useful as a color developer suitable for satisfying the quality requirements of heat-sensitive recording materials are provided, which compounds are expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group and R.sub.2 represents hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and also heat-sensitive recording materials usable in a broad application field are provided, which recording materials are provided with a heat-sensitive recording layer composed mainly of a colorless basic dye and the above compounds as a color developer by which the dye forms colors, overlaid on a substrate.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the preparation of a certain class of hydroxyphenyl-indanol compounds by the cyclization of a phenol selected from the group consisting of an isopropenylphenol, oligomers thereof, and mixtures of any of said group in any combination and proportion, by dissolving said phenol in a stoichiometric excess of an organic acid selected from the group consisting of trifluoroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, difluoroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, fluoroacetic acid, chloroacetic acid, formic acid, and mixtures thereof at a temperature falling within a range of from about 0.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C. to form a solution; and maintaining said solution at a temperature falling within the above said range until the formation of said indanol is substantially complete.The dihydroxy compounds produced by the present method are useful in the preparation of epoxy, alkyd, and urethane resins in particular.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of a polyhydric phenol by hydroxylation of a phenol with a peroxidic hydroxylating agent, is disclosed. The improvement resides in that before the hydroxylation, all or some of the mixture to be hydroxylated is treated with a cation exchanger.

Abstract: A process for purifying crude diphenols via a water co-solvent system is disclosed.

Abstract: An oxidative process for preparing 4,4'-bis(2,6-dihydrocarbylphenols) is provided which comprises contacting with good agitation a disubstituted phenol such as 2,6-di-tertiarybutyl phenol with up to stoichiometric amounts of oxygen in the presence of a small catalytic quantity of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of a weak acid, amine bases, and mixtures of the same at a temperature from about 50.degree. to 240.degree. C. until a reaction product containing a substantial amount of the corresponding biphenol is formed, said reaction product being substantially free of quinones.

Abstract: Resistance to high heat distortion is imparted to high molecular weight aromatic polycarbonate resins by controlling the degree to which particular diphenols are halogenated so that there are obtained either highly pure dihalogenated diphenols or predetermined statistical mixtures comprising predominantly mono- and dihalogenated diphenols together with some unreacted diphenol.

Abstract: 2,2-di(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, i.e., diphenylolpropane, is purified by preparing a liquid mixture of raw diphenylolpropane, phenol and water and applying reduced pressure thereto corresponding to the vapor pressure of the mixture while simultaneously cooling same whereby an adduct of pure diphenylolpropane and phenol is crystallized.

Abstract: Bisphenols substantially free of by-products, are produced rapidly by reacting a phenol and a compound of the formulae: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are hydrogen, lower alkyl or aryl; X is lower alkoxy or the same as X'; Y is chlorine or the same as X; X' is aryloxy; Z is a 1,2- or 1,3-propylenedioxy (that may optionally carry hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower hydroxyalkyl substituents), or arylenedioxy radical; n is integer from three to nine; m is (n-1).

Abstract: Resistance to high heat distortion is imparted to high molecular weight aromatic polycarbonate resins by controlling the degree to which particular diphenols are halogenated so that there are obtained either highly pure dihalogenated diphenols or predetermined statistical mixtures comprising predominantly mono- and dihalogenated diphenols together with some unreacted diphenol.

Abstract: Benzopinacols represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl;R.sup.2 and R.sup.6 independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 independently, are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and alkyl or, when taken together with R.sup.4, represent a tetramethylene group; andR.sup.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy and phenoxy;With the proviso that when both of the ortho positions of the phenyl groups to which R.sup.2 and R.sup.6 are attached are substituted, the substituent is fluorine. These benzopinacol compounds can be prepared by an improved process comprising irradiating a diarylketone with UV radiation in a non-polar hydrocarbon solvent mixed with an alcohol. The volume ratio of the non-polar hydrocarbon solvent to alcohol is between 3:1 and 8:1.

Abstract: Alkylidenediquinocyclopropanes and diarylcyclopropenes and the preparation of the former by oxidation of the latter and which are characterized by low energy electronic absorption, pronounced dichroism and characteristic specular reflectance.

Abstract: A phenol derivative of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' are a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X and Y, which may be identical or different, each represent a cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl group. The above phenol derivatives are useful as additives for inhibiting the deterioration of various degradable substances such as polymeric substances, or oily substances.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for use in the practice of animal husbandry which comprises the oral administration to non-ruminant animals of an iodonium salt. Solid or liquid compositions of said iodonium salts for use in the said method are also disclosed. Certain of the iodonium sats used in the said method are novel compounds.