Abstract: A process for preparing high-purity bisphenol A by estimating on line slurry concentration of a bisphenol A-phenol adduct in a crystallizer on the basis of a material balance and a heat balance around the crystallizer and thereby maintaining said slurry concentration at a prescribed level to precipitate the crystals of said adduct. The slurry having a constant concentration can be always fed to a slurry separating step, thereby enabling steady operation of the slurry separating step. Thus, the process is useful for enhancing productivity. As a result, extraordinary adhesion of the impurity-containing filtrate to the crystals of the bisphenol A-phenol adduct can be inhibited in the slurry separating step, and hence high-purity bisphenol A can be obtained.

Abstract: A method comprising purifying impure bisphenol-A by fractional melt crystallization in a falling film dynamic crystallizer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing tetrabromobisphenol-A in high yield and high purity comprising: (a) forming a reaction solvent from at least one non-polar solvent and an amount of aqueous hydrogen peroxide; (b) charging an amount of alkylidenediphenol to the reaction solvent to form a reaction mass; (c) feeding an amount of bromine to the reaction mass at a temperature and for a period of time sufficient to tetra-brominate substantially all of the alkylidenediphenol thus charged; (d) maintaining during step (c) the amount of hydrogen peroxide less than an amount required to convert substantially all of the HBr which forms to elemental bromine; and (e) heat treating the formed product whereby a product having less than about 20 ppm ionic impurities is produced.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of substituted cycloalkylidene bisphenols from phenols and special cycloalkanones in the presence of acid condensation catalysts and in the presence of water.

Abstract: A process which comprises reacting phenol and acetone in the presence of an acidic catalyst and thereaftera. isolating first major portion of bisphenol-A, therefore forming a purge stream comprising bisphenol-A, bisphenol-A isomers and tar,b. adding or taking from the said purge stream, if necessary, sufficient phenol so as to bring the purge stream ratio of phenol to bisphenol-A to about 5:1 to 15:1 based on moles, thereby forming an altered purge stream,c. bringing the temperature of the altered stream to a range of about 30.degree.-50.degree. C.,d. maintaining the temperature of the altered stream at about 30.degree.-50.degree. C. until about 60-85% of the bisphenol-A crystallizes as a bisphenol-A/phenol 1:1 molar adduct,e. separating the adduct from its mother liquor.

Abstract: The quality of a product predominant in tetrabromobisphenol-A is enhanced by contacting the product with a quality enhancing amount of treated water and heat treating the product for a period of time and at a temperature which are sufficient to obtain a TBBPA predominant product having less than about 20 ppm of ionic impurities.

Abstract: A biphenyl compound having the formula (I) is newly separated into its optical active compound and useful as an optically separating agent: ##STR1## wherein W, X and Y are each an atom or atomic group selected from among H, F, Cl, Br, I, CH.sub.3, CF.sub.3, OH, OCH.sub.3, NH.sub.2 and N(CH.sub.3).sub.2 and Z is an atom or atomic group selected from among Cl, Br, I, CH.sub.3 and OCH.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining a high purity bisphenol from a post-reaction mixture resulting from the step of synthesis of phenol and acetone in the presence of a strong acid cation exhanger catalyst, by the way of crystallation and separation by distillation followed by recovery of bisphenol-A from the step of thermal catalytic decomposition of by product of the principal process technology in a multistage process.

Abstract: Tetraphenolic compounds such as the tetraphenol of ethane and the tetraphenol of xylene can be prepared in a ketone/alcohol solvent medium using a cation exchange resin catalyst.

Abstract: In the production of 9,9-bis-(4-hydroxphenyl)-fluorene by condensation by fluorenone and phenol in a molar ratio of 1:4 to 1:8 at 30.degree. to 90.degree. C. in the presence of gaseous hydrogen chloride and .beta.-mercapto-propionic acid as catalyst, the improvement comprising mixing the completed reaction mixture with a polyalkylene glycol, distilling excess phenol from the mixture, and mixing the distillation residue with a solvent miscible with the polyalkylene glycol, recovering the crystallized product, suspending the crystallized product in water and heating the suspension to obtain highly pure 9,9-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-fluorene as white crystals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a one step method for synthesis of bisphenol A which comprises reacting phenol with acetone in the presence of a catalyst comprising an acidic montmorillonite clay having the structure:M.sub.x/n.sup.n+ .multidot.yH.sub.2 O(Al.sub.4-x Mg.sub.x) (Si.sub.8) O.sub.20 (OH).sub.4where M represent the interlamellar, balancing cation (normally sodium or lithium), and x, y and n are integers, wherein the acidic clay has been pretreated with an acid and optionally has deposited thereon an acid selected from the group consisting hydrogen fluoride, a fluorosulfonic acid or a mineral acid, at a temperature of from 20.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. and a pressure of from near atmospheric to about 1000 psi.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of 9,9-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-fluorene by condensing fluorenone and phenol in a molar ratio of 1:4 to 1:8 at 30.degree. to 90.degree. C. in the presence of gaseous hydrogen chloride and .beta.-mercapto-propionic acid catalyst, the improvement comprising distilling water of reaction and dissolved hydrochloric acid from the completed reaction mixture, dissolving the distillation residue in a nitrile, separating the crystallized adduct of nitrile and 9,9-bis-(4-hydroxphenyl)- fluorene from the nitrile and optionally dissociating the adduct to recover high purity 9,9-bis-(4-hydroxphenyl)- fluorene.

Abstract: In the preparation of bisphenol-A by condensation of phenol with acetone in the presence of an acidic ion-exchange resin catalyst, pretreatment of the catalyst to render it anhydrous comprises two steps to minimize resin degradation. In the first step, from 25 to 90 percent by weight of the resin associated water is removed by vaporization, and in the second step dehydration is completed by saturating the partially dehydrated catalyst with phenol. The advantage of the improvement in the process resides in a more efficient drying, requiring less time and minimal degradation of the resin structure.

Abstract: A process for producing tetrabromobisphenol A of high quality, which comprises brominating bisphenol A with bromine, wherein a solvent mixture comprising a hydrohalogenic acid and an alcohol, is used as the solvent for reaction. Also disclosed is a process for producing tetrabromobisphenol A of high quality, which comprises brominating bisphenol A with bromine in an alcohol, wherein the reaction temperature is set at a level of from -10.degree. to +20.degree. C., and water is added in an aging step.

Abstract: The invention is a process for the preparation of triaromatic bisphenols reacting a phenolic compound, e.g. phenol, with a suitable halo-compound, for instance 1,1-dichloroethylbenzene, 1-chlorostyrene, or mixtures thereof. The reaction may be conducted in the presence or absence of a solvent; an excess of the phenolic compound can serve as the solvent. The product is conveniently recovered by removing the by-product HCl, excess phenolic compound, excess solvent and cooling. Yields of bis-1,1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylethane which are greater than 90% of theoretical have been obtained by the reaction of phenol and 1,1-dichloroethylbenzene and a large portion of the yield is para isomer.

Abstract: A process of using fast pyrolysis in a carrier gas to convert a waste phenolic resin containing feedstreams in a manner such that pyrolysis of said resins and a given high value monomeric constituent occurs prior to pyrolyses of the resins in other monomeric components therein comprising: selecting a first temperature program range to cause pyrolysis of said resin and a given high value monomeric constituent prior to a temperature range that causes pyrolysis of other monomeric components; selecting, if desired, a catalyst and a support and treating said feedstreams with said catalyst to effect acid or basic catalyzed reaction pathways to maximize yield or enhance separation of said high value monomeric constituent in said first temperature program range to utilize reactive gases such as oxygen and steam in the pyrolysis process to drive the production of specific products; differentially heating said feedstreams at a heat rate within the first temperature program range to provide differential pyrolysis for se

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of geminal diarylalkanes of the formula ##STR1## by Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aromatic compounds with specific aliphatic halogen compounds (addition compounds of CCl.sub.4 , to .alpha.-olefins), to new geminal diarylalkanes and the aralkyl compounds resulting as intermediates.

Abstract: Additives of improving the low temperature flow properties and oxidative stability of hydrocarbon oils are disclosed, which comprise the alkylation of a phenol in the presence of a polar aprotic cosolvent to produce an essentially linear alkylated phenol which is condensed with an aldehyde to produce the low temperature flow improver wherein:(a) the polymer composition has a number average molecular weight of at least about 3,000 and a molecular weight distribution of at least about 1.5;(b) in the alkylated phenol reactant the alkyl groups (i) are essentially linear; (ii) have between 6 and 50 carbon atoms; and (iii) have an average number of carbon atoms between about 12 and 26; and(c) not more than about 10 mole percent of the alkyl groups on the alkylated phenol have less than 12 carbon atoms and not more than about 10 mole percent of the alkyl groups on the alkylated phenol have more than 26 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for synthesizing 9,9-bis(hydroxyphenyl)fluorene by reacting fluorene with excess phenol using a liquid catalyst prepared by dissolving aluminum trichloride in an anhydrous organic solvent such as toluene evincing the property of an electron donor while hydrochloric-acid gas is being supplied. For the purpose of the synthesis, the fluorenone is dissolved for instance at 60.degree. C. in the liquid phenol and then the liquid catalyst is dripped into the agitated reaction mixture at such a rate that the temperature of the reaction mixture is kept below 60.degree. C. Following catalyst addition and subsequent after-reaction interval of several hours, the raw product is mixed with hot water and the excess phenol is removed by steam distillation. After signle-washing with water, the raw product is dissolved in hot acetone, allowed to crystallize, is filtered out and dried in vacuum. Lastly the raw product is recrystallized from 1,2-dichloroethane to form the pure product.

Abstract: A curing agent for an epoxy resin comprising (A) a polyhydric phenol obtainable by condensing a phenol compound and a hydroxybenzaldehyde and (B) a dihydric phenol, which gives a cured material of an epoxy resin having improved moisture and heat resistance and a small coefficient of linear thermal expansion.

Abstract: The quality of a product predominant in tetrabromobisphenol-A is enhanced by heat treating the product for a period of time and at a temperature which are sufficient to obtain a TBBPA predominant product having less than about 50 ppm of hydrohalide impurities.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to improving purity of a bisphenol product in a bisphenol by-product isomerization process wherein isomers of bisphenol are isomerized to the desired bisphenol product. During the isomerization, acidic resin fines elute from the acidic ion exchange resin catalyst into the reaction effluent. These resin fines can be filtered effectively and without contamination by a bed of solid particles such as alumina or carbon. The removal of resin fines improves the product quality and yield by eliminating resin particulates and reducing acid catalyzed cracking of bisphenols during purification and finishing steps.

Abstract: Bisphenol A is prepared by condensing a stoichiometric excess of phenol with acetone in the presence of (a) a catalytically effective amount of an acid catalyst, e.g., benzenesulfonic acid, and (b) a co-catalytically effective amount of a functional polymer characteristically having the formula: ##STR1## in which m is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1, p is 0 or 1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which may be identical or different, are each a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical or a phenyl radical optionally substituted by 1 or 2 hydroxyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy groups, and R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical, or one of the groups: --CHO, --NO.sub.2, --CO.sub.2 H, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.5 wherein R.sup.5 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical, or ##STR2## is the residue of a chloromethylated resin.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for the preparation of p,p'-biphenol by simplified processes achieved by batch or continuous operations which comprises using phenol and isobutylene as starting materials, allowing phenol to react with isobutylene in the presence of aluminum phenoxide, oxidizing the resulting reaction liquid in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, and debutylating the reaction liquid in the presence of a debutylation catalyst.

Abstract: A process comprising the addition of a degradation inhibiting effective amount of an ammonium, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or transition metal of oxidation number +2 salt of an aliphatic mono or dicarboxylic acid to a composition comprising a phenol and a bisphenol, the addition occurring prior to a procedure which subjects the bisphenol to substantial heat, said bisphenol produced from an acidic ion exchange resin catalyzed reaction of a phenol and a ketone or aldehyde.

Abstract: A method for preparing 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane comprises reacting acetone and phenol in the presence of an acidic ion-exchange resin as a catalyst wherein the reaction of acetone and phenol is performed while removing a part of the water generated during the reaction from a mixed solution containing acetone and phenol by a pervaporation method. According to the method, the water generated through the reaction can rapidly be removed simultaneously with or alternatively to the reaction by a pervaporation operation and, therefore, the catalytic activity of the ion-exchange resin is not impaired at all. Moreover, any complicated operations associated with the dehydration are not required. Thus, the acidic ion-exchange resin catalyst can continuously be used over a long time period without any treatment for the regeneration thereof. Further, according to the method, bisphenol A can be economically prepared from acetone and phenol in a high conversion rate and high yield.

Abstract: A process for the production of tetrabromo-4,4'-alkylidenediphenols, especially tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBA), from the corresponding alkylidenediphenols by oxidative bromination with Br.sub.2, HBr.sub.3 or HBr and aqueous hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an organic solvent. The process is characterized by washing the organic phase containing dissolved tetrabromo-4,4'-alkylidenediphenol with an aqeuous alkali sulphite solution, preferably at 50.degree. to 90.degree. C. Through this washing treatment, the tetrabromo compound is obtained in higher purity; in addition, the mother liquor can be recycled without difficulty.

Abstract: Inorganic and organic hypohalites are used to obtain good selectivity to alpha halogenation of alkyl aromatic compounds. Alkali and alkaline earth hypohalites must be used in conjunction with a phase transfer medium. Useful organic hypohalites are the tertiary alkyl hypohalites, which are employed in the presence of free radical generating media such as light or compounds which produce free radicals thermally. At least one mole of hypohalite reactant must be used for every alpha hydrogen in the alkyl aromatic compound.A new bisphenol which contains biphenyl functionality has been made as well as an aromatic polyester derived therefrom.

Abstract: A process for producing tetrabromobisphenol A, which comprises brominating bisphenol A in methanol, wherein the substrate concentration of bisphenol A to methanol is at most 20 wt/vol %.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of bisphenols and bisphenol mixtures by the isomerization of bisphenols on acid or alkaline catalysts in the presence of the corresponding phenols.

Abstract: A process for producing tetrabromobisphenol A, which comprises brominating bisphenol A in methanol, wherein the substrate concentration of bisphenol A to methanol is at most 20 wt/vol %.

Abstract: 4,4'-Dihydroxyterphenyl is prepared by sulfonating terphenyl with sulfuric acid, sulfur trioxide, a mixture thereof or chlorosulfonic acid and then treating the resulting terphenyl-4,4'-disulfonic acid, which may be first converted into a dialkali metal salt, with an alkali metal hydroxide.

Abstract: Bis-phenols are isomerized in the presence of an acidic perfluorinated polymer catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of lowering blood glucose in a patient afflicted with diabetes mellitus comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective glucose lowering amount of a 4,4'-bis(2,6-di-alkyl-phenol). The present invention also relates to a process for making 4,4'-bis(2,6-di-alkyl-phenol).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing dihydroxydiarylalkanes from carbonyl compounds and phenols under high pressure.

Abstract: Rigid, relatively insoluble resins of the thermoset type are produced by heating ring-arylcyclobutenealkylated di(hydroxyphenyl) compounds having at least one arylcyclobutenealkyl moiety attached to at least one of the phenyl rings.

Abstract: Inorganic and organic hypohalites are used to obtain good selectivity to alpha halogenation of alkyl aromatic compounds. Alkali and alkaline earth hypohalites must be used in conjunction with a phase transfer medium. Useful organic hypohalites are the tertiary alkyl hypohalites, which are employed in the presence of free radical generating media such as light or compounds which produce free radicals thermally. At least one mole of hypohalite reactant must be used for every alpha hydrogen in the alkyl aromatic compound.A new bisphenol which contains biphenyl functionality has been made as well as an aromatic polyester derived therefrom.

Abstract: Crude 2,2-bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (=tetramethyl-bisphenol A=TMBPA) can be purified by recrystallization, if C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -monoalcohols with a water content of 2 to 40% by weight relative to the total weight of alcohol and water are used in an amount of 70 to 250% by weight, relative to the amount of TMBPA and the recrystallization is carried out at a temperature of 65.degree. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: Dihydroxydiphenyl cycloalkanes corresponding to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 aryl and C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 aralkyl,m is an integer of from 4 to 7,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, individually selectable for each X, independently of one another represent hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylandX represents carbonwith the proviso that, at at least one atom X, both R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are alkyl, a process for their production, their use for the production of high molecular weight polycarbonates, the polycarbonates made from dihydroxydiphenyl cycloalkane of formula (I) and films made from these polycarbonates.

Abstract: A method for symmetrically dimerizing phenols which comprises oxidizing phenols in molten state in the liquid phase using a transition metal compound as a catalyst and an oxygen-containing gas as an oxidizing agent to conduct dimerization; and a process for producing diphenols which comprises oxidizing phenols in molten state in the liquid phase using a transition metal compound as a catalyst and an oxygen-containing gas as an oxidizing agent to conduct dimerization, and then interrupting introduction of the oxygen-containing gas to conduct a proton disproportionation reaction.

Abstract: Ring-arylcyclobutenealkylated di(hydroxyphenyl) compounds having at least one arylcyclobutenealkyl moiety attached to at least one of the phenyl rings self-cure upon heating to produce rigid, relatively insoluble resins of the thermoset type.

Abstract: A method for preparing high-purity bisphenol A which comprises a principal process comprising a first reaction step for reacting phenol with acetone, a first concentration adjusting step, a first crystallization step for precipitating crystals of the adduct of bisphenol A with phenol, a first separation step for separating a solution containing the crystals of the adduct into the crystals and the mother liquor and a phenol removing step for removing phenol from the crystals of the adduct; and a sub-process comprising a second reaction step for reacting p-isopropenylphenol with phenol, a second concentration adjusting step, a second crystallization step, a second separation step for separating a solution containing the second any crystals of the adduct into the second any crystals and the second mother liquor and a cleaving step, the first mother liquor from the principal process being fed to the sub-process and the second any crystals of the adduct from the sub-process being fed to the principal process, is h

Abstract: A process for crystallizing the adduct of bisphenol A with phenol from a phenol solution in the presence of water comprises controlling the concentration of bisphenol A in said solution by removing portion of the phenol from said solution or adding phenol to said solution according to feedback control based on the measurement of solution density to obtain an adjusted solution, and feeding the adjusted solution to the crystallizer in which its inside wall is kept at a temperature higher than that of the adjusted solution, provided the temperature difference being smaller than 5.degree. C. The crystallized adduct has a uniform particle size and a high purity.

Abstract: Reducing 3,3', 5,5'-tetra-t-butyldiphenoquinone with 2,6-di-t-butylphenol, in the melt, in the presence of a 4-dialkylaminopyridine, and then dealkylating the intermediate formed, in the melt, by adding a phosphorus-containing acid or its derivative provides 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl of high purity in high yield.

Abstract: A process for producing high-purity bisphenol A comprises reacting phenol with acetone in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain a product mixture, removing the acid catalyst from the product mixture, thereby yielding a liquid mixture, treating the liquid mixture with a weakly basic ion-exchange resin having pyridyl groups as the exchange groups, and purifying the treated liquid mixture. The process does not cause any corrosion of equipment and any decomposition and discoloration of bisphenol A during distillation.

Abstract: A novel compound, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol, and a novel preparation process of 4,4'-biphenol by using the novel compound as the raw material.4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol can be obtained by conducting a thermal decomposition reaction of 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanol. 4,4'-Biphenol can be industrially manufactured by conducting a dehydrogenation reaction of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-ol.

Abstract: A process for preparing 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane, which comprises reacting phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of an acidic catalyst and separating the aimed 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane from the crude dihydroxydiphenylmethane thus obtained, is disclosed. According to this process, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane can be separated from its isomers and oligomers at a high purity and at a high yield, compared with those achieved by known methods. Thus highly useful 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane can be advantageously prepared on an industrial scale.

Abstract: A process for preparing high purity bisphenol A comprising feeding continuously phenol and acetone in the presence of a hydrochloric acid catalyst into a first stage reactor and reacting phenol and acetone in the range of 20-60 mol % of acetone conversion and continuously removing the first reaction product from the first stage reactor. The first reaction product is fed into a second stage reactor and the reaction of phenol and acetone is completed to obtain a second reaction product from which bisphenol A is recovered.

Abstract: A method for making aromatic bisphenols such as 9,9-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene by reacting an aromatic ketone, for example a diaryl ketone or diaryl diketone, with a phenol in the present of an insoluble strongly acidic cationic ion exchange resin as an acidic condensation catalyst, which latter may be used in the presence of a co-catalyst containing sulfur.

Abstract: 4,4'-Dihydroxybiphenyl is prepared by decomposing 4,4'-di(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)biphenyl with hydrogen peroxide and an acid catalyst in acetonitrile as a solvent. Especially, this process minimizes the formation of by-products and permits easy purification of the intended product.