Abstract: Gaseous nitric oxide (NO) can be delivered to a mammal for prophylactic or therapeutic purposes using a composition capable of delivering NO, comprising a compound capable of forming a reversible bond or association with NO. Methods for the manufacture and use of said composition are disclosed.
Type:
Application
Filed:
September 14, 2005
Publication date:
November 27, 2008
Inventors:
Per Agvald, Dag Linnarsson, Christofer Adding, Lars Gustafsson, Kristofer Nilsson
Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of an alkaline glycol from an alkaline carbonate, wherein alkaline carbonate is hydrolyzed in the presence of catalyst in a baffled reactor. The baffled reactor has at least four compartments, the compartments are formed by internal baffles and the internal baffles provide a sinuous route for reaction fluid through the reactor.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 3, 2007
Date of Patent:
November 18, 2008
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Gerrit Jan Harmsen, Arthur Willibrordus Titus Rots, Anton Pieter Westerink
Abstract: A method for converting a polyhydric alcohol into propylene glycol and butanediols is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for converting polyhydric alcohols into three-carbon products and four-carbon products. Also disclosed are methods for maximizing conversion of polyhydric alcohols and minimizing formation of reaction products that are difficult to remove from the desired product. In other embodiments, methods are described to optimize use of reactants, including hydrogen, in hydrogenolysis of polyhydric alcohols.
Type:
Application
Filed:
April 23, 2008
Publication date:
November 6, 2008
Inventors:
Joseph Robert Beggin, Thomas P. Binder, Ahmad K. Hilaly, Lawrence P. Karcher, Brad Zenthoefer
Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for the catalytic production of alkylene glycol from alkylene oxide, comprising: a reactor having at least one heat exchange element incorporated therein, wherein a catalyst for the hydration of alkylene oxide to alkylene glycol is coated on the outer surface of the heat exchange element. The present invention also relates to a process utilizing such an apparatus.
Abstract: A process for preparing natural oil hydroxylates, the process comprising reacting an amino compound containing hydroxyl groups having a molecular weight of less than 200 Daltons with vegetable oil derived polyols.
Abstract: In part, the present invention relates to a compound or polymer comprising a non-protein-binding moiety and at least one protein-binding group. The present invention relates to a method of screening compounds or polymers for the property of inhibiting protein aggregation in solution, a method of preparing a compound or polymer having the property of protein aggregation inhibition in solution, a method of classifying a compound or polymer as either inhibitory of protein aggregation in solution or not inhibitory of protein aggregation in solution, and to a method of determining the preferential binding coefficient, ?XP, of an additive in a protein solution. The present invention also relates to a method of suppressing or preventing aggregation of a protein in solution, a method of decreasing the toxicological risk associated with administering a protein to a mammal in need thereof, and a method of facilitating native folding of a recombinant protein in solution.
Type:
Application
Filed:
February 28, 2005
Publication date:
October 9, 2008
Inventors:
Bernhardt L. Trout, Daniel I.C. Wang, Brian M. Baynes
Abstract: A homogeneous process for the hydrogenation of dicarboxylic acid and/or derivative thereof with an amine in the presence of a catalyst comprising: (a) ruthenium or osmium; and (b) an organic phosphine; and wherein the hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of water.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 15, 2004
Date of Patent:
September 23, 2008
Assignee:
Davy Process Technology Limited
Inventors:
Simon Peter Crabtree, Derek Vincent Tyers, Mohammed Sharif
Abstract: Carbonyl species contamination of liquid hydrocarbon media and corrosion of metal surfaces in contact with such media are inhibited. A high boiling point primary or secondary amine is added to the desired liquid hydrocarbon medium, and in one exemplary embodiment, the medium is then brought into contact with a separatory membrane such as a nanofiltration membrane. The permeate from the membrane is a highly purified hydrocarbon stream.
Type:
Application
Filed:
June 25, 2007
Publication date:
August 14, 2008
Applicant:
General Electric Company
Inventors:
Barry Abolmaali, Tiffany N. Morris, Norman Wise, Kenneth M. Sulik, Scott E. Lehrer
Abstract: Continuous process for producing a chlorohydrin, wherein a polyhydroxylated baliphatic hydrocarbon, an ester of a polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof is reacted with a chlorinating agent and an organic acid in a liquid reaction medium whose steady-state composition comprises the polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon and esters of the polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon whose sum content, expressed as moles of polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, is greater than 1.1 mol % and less than or equal to 30 mol %, the percentage being based on the organic part of the liquid reaction medium.
Abstract: The invention provides low surface tension surfactants based on ether alcohol and provides for their use as surfactants in aqueous coating formulations, said surfactants being preparable by reacting at least one hydroxy compound of formula (I): with at least one epoxide of formula (II): and/or at least one epoxide of formula (V): in substantially equivalent amounts of hydroxyl and epoxide groups.
Type:
Application
Filed:
March 1, 2006
Publication date:
August 7, 2008
Applicant:
Goldschmidt GmbH
Inventors:
Kathrin Lehmann, Petra Hinrichs, Philipp Tomuschat, Isabella Ulrich-Brehm
Abstract: A method of treating an aldehyde mixture comprising a carboxylic acid and a metal cation, which method comprises: contacting the aldehyde mixture with a basic separating medium, and subsequently or simultaneously contacting with an acidic separating medium; use of the treated aldehyde mixture to prepare an alcohol; and the alcohol.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 31, 2007
Date of Patent:
June 10, 2008
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Glenn Charles Komplin, Joseph Broun Powell, Paul Richard Weider
Abstract: 1,2-diols can be obtained in good yields and in very high purity by a process of a) reacting a carbonyl compound of the general formula (I) with hydrocyanic acid to give the corresponding cyanohydrin, wherein R1 and R2 are each independently H, an optionally substituted straight-chain or branched C1-C18-alkyl radical, or an optionally substituted phenyl or C5-C6-cycloalkyl radical, b) subjecting the cyanohydrin obtained in process step a) to an acidic hydrolysis, and c) catalytically hydrogenating the 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid obtained from process step b) in the presence of a noble metal catalyst comprising ruthenium and rhenium.
Type:
Application
Filed:
August 22, 2007
Publication date:
March 13, 2008
Applicant:
DEGUSSA GmbH
Inventors:
Hans-Peter Krimmer, Jurgen Sans, Christoph Theis, Franz Thalhammer
Abstract: The present invention relates to novel hydroxyl compounds, compositions comprising hydroxyl compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing a variety of diseases and conditions such as, but not limited to aging, Alzheimer's Disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, a disorder of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension, impotence, inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid elimination in bile, obesity, oxysterol elimination in bile, pancreatitis, pancreatitius, Parkinson's disease, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder, phospholipid elimination in bile, renal disease, septicemia, metabolic syndrome disorders (e.g., Syndrome X), thrombotic disorder. Compounds and methods of the invention can also be used to modulate C reactive protein or enhance bile production in a patient.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 23, 2003
Date of Patent:
February 26, 2008
Assignee:
Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.
Inventors:
Jean-Louis Henri Dasseux, Carmen Daniela Oniciu
Abstract: The present invention is directed to asymmetric chiral labeled glycerols including at least one chiral atom, from one to two 13C atoms and from zero to four deuterium atoms bonded directly to a carbon atom, e.g., (2S) [1,2-13C2]glycerol and (2R) [1,2-13C2]glycerol, and to the use of such chiral glycerols in the preparation of labeled amino acids.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 30, 2003
Date of Patent:
January 22, 2008
Assignee:
Los Alamos National Security, LLC
Inventors:
Rodolfo A. Martinez, Clifford J. Unkefer, Marc A. Alvarez
Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing 1,6-hexanediol from a carboxylic acid mixture which comprises adipic acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid and small amounts of 1,4-cyclohexanediols and is obtained as a by-product in the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases and by water extraction of the reaction mixture, by esterification of the acids and hydrogenation, in which a) the mono- and dicarboxylic acids present in the aqueous dicarboxylic acid mixture are reacted with a low molecular weight alcohol to give the corresponding carboxylic esters, b) the resulting esterification mixture is freed of excess alcohol and low boilers in a first distillation stage, c) a separation of the bottom product is carried out in a second distillation stage into an ester fraction substantially free of 1,4-cyclohexanediols and a fraction comprising at least the majority of the 1,4-cyclohexanediols, d) the ester fraction substantially free of 1,4-cyclohexanediols is
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 27, 2005
Date of Patent:
December 11, 2007
Assignee:
BASF Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Tilman Sirch, Gerd-Dieter Tebben, Ludwig E. Heck, Armin Diefenbacher, Alfred Krause, Franz Borgel
Abstract: A process for the production of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde is described. The process comprises reacting allyl alcohol with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst system comprising a rhodium complex and a trans-1,2-bis(bis(3,5-di-n-alkylphenyl)phosphinomethyl)-cyclobutane. The process gives high yield of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde compared to 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde.
Abstract: A process for the production of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde is described. The process comprises reacting allyl alcohol with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst system comprising a rhodium complex and a trans-1,2-bis(bis(3,5-di-n-alkylphenyl)phosphinomethyl)-cyclobutane. The process gives high yield of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde compared to 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde.
Abstract: Optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol is prepared from C4-dicarboxylic acids and/or of derivatives thereof by: a) a gas stream of the C4-dicarboxylic acid or the derivative thereof in a first reactor in the gas phase to obtain a product which contains mainly optionally alkyl-substituted ?-butyro-lactone; b) removing succinic anhydride from the product of step a); c) catalytically hydrogenating the product of step b) in a second reactor in the gas phase to obtain optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol; d) removing the desired product from intermediates, by-products and any unconverted reactants; and e) optionally recycling unconverted intermediates into one or both hydrogenation stages. The catalysts employed in each of the hydrogenation stages comprise ?95% by weight of CuO, and ?5% by weight of an oxidic support, and the second reactor has a higher pressure than the first reactor.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 11, 2003
Date of Patent:
September 18, 2007
Assignee:
BASF Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Michael Hesse, Stephan Schlitter, Holger Borchert, Markus Schubert, Markus Rösch, Nils Bottke, Rolf-Hartmuth Fischer, Alexander Weck, Gunther Windecker, Gunnar Heydrich
Abstract: The invention discloses a hydrogenation process for removing impurities and controlling acid for use in downstream processing of biochemically-derived 1,3-propanediol. Preferably, the biochemically-derived 1,3-propanediol, before the contacting, has an initial color and, after the contracting, has a color that is lower than the initial color.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 12, 2005
Date of Patent:
May 1, 2007
Assignee:
E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
Inventors:
Mayis Seapan, George F. Diffendall, Robert E. Trotter, Tyler T. Ames, F. Glenn Gallagher
Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds that can be used as an energetic binder used for improving the performance and the properties of a high explosive, and a preparation method thereof.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 22, 2004
Date of Patent:
April 24, 2007
Assignee:
Agency for Defence a Korean Non-Profit Org.
Inventors:
Jin Seuk Kim, Jin Rai Cho, Keun Deuk Lee, Jae Kyoung Kim
Abstract: A process of manufacture of polytrimethylene ether glycol comprising: (a) polycondensing reactant comprising diol selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol dimer and 1,3-propanediol trimer or mixtures thereof in the presence of acid polycondensation catalyst to form polytrimethylene ether glycol; (b) adding water to the polytrimethylene ether glycol to form an aqueous mixture; (c) heating the aqueous mixture to hydrolyze acid esters formed during the acid catalyzed polycondensation; (d) adding to the hydrolyzed aqueous mixture organic solvent that is miscible with polytrimethylene ether glycol to form (i) organic phase containing the polytrimethylene ether glycol and residual acid polycondensation catalyst from the polycondensing and (ii) aqueous phase; (e) separating the aqueous phase and the organic phase; (f) adding base to the separated organic phase to neutralize the residual acid polycondensation catalyst by forming salts of the residual acid polycondensation catalyst; (g
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 16, 2005
Date of Patent:
January 2, 2007
Assignee:
E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
Inventors:
Hari Babu Sunkara, Howard C. Ng, Wei Zheng
Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing an alkali metal salt of a hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbon which comprises the steps of (i) contacting in solvent media at least one hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbon with a base comprising an alkali metal cation; and (ii) devolatilizing the solvent media comprising alkali metal salt by adding or spraying the solvent media into a substantially water-immiscible organic solvent, said solvent being at a temperature greater than the boiling point of solvent media at the prevailing pressure. In one embodiment the solvent media comprises water, and optionally at least one water-soluble protic organic solvent.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 25, 2003
Date of Patent:
October 3, 2006
Assignee:
General Electric Company
Inventors:
Thomas Link Guggenheim, Daniel Joseph Brunelle, David Winfield Woodruff, Lee Harris Bergman, Norman Enoch Johnson, Matthew Hal Littlejohn, Farid Fouad Khouri
Abstract: The invention discloses a hydrogenation process for removing impurities and controlling acid for use in downstream processing of biochemically-derived 1,3-propanediol. Preferably, the biochemically-derived 1,3-propanediol, before the contacting, has an initial color and, after the contracting, has a color that is lower than the initial color.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 5, 2004
Date of Patent:
August 29, 2006
Assignee:
E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
Inventors:
Mayis Seapan, George F. Diffendall, Robert E. Trotter, Tyler T. Ames, F. Glenn Gallagher
Abstract: Disclosed is a process comprising contacting chemical 1,3-propanediol with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. Preferably, the chemical 1,3-propanediol, before the contacting has an initial color and, after the contacting, has a color that is lower than the initial color.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 5, 2003
Date of Patent:
August 1, 2006
Assignee:
E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
Inventors:
Hari Babu Sunkara, Mayis Seapan, George F. Diffendall, Tyler T. Ames
Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing 1,6-hexanediol having a purity of ?99.5% by weight by catalytically dimerizing acrylic esters and catalytically hydrogenating the hexenedioic diesters obtained in this way to 1,6-hexanediol by a) dimerizing C1- to C8-acrylic esters in the presence of at least one rhodium compound to give mixtures of predominantly 2- and 3-hexenedioic diesters, b) hydrogenating the resulting dimerizing effluent in the presence of chromium-free catalysts comprising predominantly copper as the hydrogenation component and c) purifying the crude 1,6-hexanediol obtained in this way by fractional distillation.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 3, 2003
Date of Patent:
June 20, 2006
Assignee:
BASF Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Rolf-Hartmuth Fischer, Thomas Krug, Andrea Haunert, Michael Röper, Tilman Sirch, Wolfram Stüer
Abstract: In a process for the catalytic hydrogenation of a polymethylolalkanal or a monomethylolalkanal of the formula (I) where R may be identical or different and are each a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, an aryl or arylalkyl group having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms or a methylol group, in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst, the hydrogenation feed comprising the polymethylolalkanal or monomethylolalkanal has a total content of metal ions of groups 3 to 14 of the Periodic Table of the Element of up to 5 ppm.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 2, 2001
Date of Patent:
June 13, 2006
Assignee:
BASF Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Matthias Dernbach, Michael Koch, Gerhard Schulz, Hagen Weigl, Steffen Maas
Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a series of highly branched, essentially saturated, liquid oil phases having primary alcohol groups, and a method of treating skin. The polymers of the present invention are high molecular weight oil phases which provide outstanding lubrication and conditioning to skin.
Abstract: Disclosed is a process comprising contacting chemical 1,3-propanediol with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. Preferably, the chemical 1,3-propanediol, before the contacting has an initial color and, after the contacting, has a color that is lower than the initial color.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 12, 2005
Date of Patent:
May 2, 2006
Assignee:
E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
Inventors:
Hari Babu Sunkara, Mayis Seapan, George F. Diffendall, Tyler T. Ames
Abstract: Methods and compositions for reactions of hydrogen over a Re-containing catalyst with compositions containing a 5-carbon sugar, sugar alcohol, or lactic acid are described. It has been surprisingly discovered that reaction with hydrogen over a Re-containing multimetallic catalyst resulted in superior conversion and selectivity to desired products such as propylene glycol. A process for the synthesis of PG from lactate or lactic acid is also described.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 30, 2003
Date of Patent:
May 2, 2006
Assignee:
Battelle Memorial Institute
Inventors:
Todd A. Werpy, John G. Frye, Jr., Alan H. Zacher, Dennis J. Miller
Abstract: An aqueous stream containing propylene glycol and/or ethers thereof is treated by counter current liquid—liquid extraction with propylene and/or propane to separate the propylene glycol and/or ether from the aqueous stream.
Abstract: A process is described for the production of propane-1,3-diol. The process comprises subjecting a vaporous feed mixture comprising a hydrogen-containing gas and a feedstock selected from 3-hydroxypropanal, ?-propiolactone, oligomers of ?-propiolactone, esters of 3-hydroxypropanoic acid, and mixtures of two or more thereof to hydrogenation conditions in a hydrogenation zone in the presence of a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst, and recovering a reaction product comprising propane-1,3-diol.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 14, 2001
Date of Patent:
January 3, 2006
Assignee:
Davy Process Technology Limited
Inventors:
Simon Peter Crabtree, Richard Kevin Henderson
Abstract: The present invention is an improvement upon the process for the production of 1,3-propanediol (PDO) wherein an aqueous solution of 3-hydroxypropanal (HPA) is formed, and the HPA is subjected to hydrogenation to produce a crude PDO mixture comprising PDO, water, MW176 acetal, and high and low volatility materials, wherein the crude PDO mixture is dried to produce a first overhead stream comprising water and some high volatility materials and a dried crude PDO mixture as a first distillate bottoms stream comprising PDO, MW176 acetal, and low volatility materials, and wherein the dried crude PDO mixture is distilled to produce a second overhead stream comprising some high volatility materials, a middle stream comprising PDO and MW176 acetal, and a second distillate bottoms stream comprising PDO and low volatility materials.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 1, 2003
Date of Patent:
November 29, 2005
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Stephen Edward Brewer, Zaida Diaz, Joseph Broun Powell, Paul Richard Weider, Glenn Charles Komplin, Robert Lawrence Blackbourn
Abstract: The invention provides coating compositions comprising a reactive component (a) which is substantially free of any heteratoms and is a not a crystalline solid at room temperature and which comprises from (i) 12 to 72 carbon atoms, and (ii) at least two functional groups, and (b) a crosslinking agent comprising a plurality of functional groups (iii) reactive with the functional groups (ii) of compound (a), wherein functional groups (ii) and (iii) are selected such that reaction there between produces a thermally irreversible chemical linkage. The coating compositions of the invention provide improved solids, chip resistance, flexibility and/or scratch & mar resistance while maintaining desirable and/or improved performance characteristics with regard to environmental etch, relative humidity, QCT, chip resistance, thermoshock resistance, cold crack resistance, adhesion and the like.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 23, 2003
Date of Patent:
November 8, 2005
Assignee:
BASF Corporation
Inventors:
Walter H. Ohrbom, John A. Gilbert, Patricia A. Herrel, Marvin L. Green, Joanne Casale, Thomas G. Savino
Abstract: The present invention is a method for oxyfunctionalizing, that is, introducing oxygen functionality to, a polyolefin such as polypropylene and poly(ethylene-alt-propylene). The polyolefin is contacted with an oxygen source such as a persulfate and catalytic amounts of a metal porphyrin complex under mild conditions to yield an oxyfunctionalized polymer that has a polydispersity that is very similar to that of the starting polymer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 26, 2004
Date of Patent:
October 11, 2005
Assignees:
Dow Global Technologies Inc., Regents of the University of Minnesota
Inventors:
Nicole K. Boaen, Marc A. Hillmyer, Stephen F. Hahn
Abstract: Disclosed are ruthenium complexes of phosphine-aminophosphine ligands that may be used to catalyze large number of reactions of a wide variety of substrates such as asymmetric hydrogenations, asymmetric reductions, asymmetric hydroborations, asymmetric olefin isomerizations, asymmetric hydrosilations, asymmetric allylations, and asymmetric organometallic additions. Also disclosed is a process for the preparation of the ruthenium complexes and processes for the enantioselective asymmetric hydrogenations of 1,3-dicarbonyl, ?-hydroxycarbonyl, and ?-hydroxycarbonyl compounds to produce the corresponding hydroxycarbonyl, 1,2-diol, and 1,3-diol compounds, respectively, using the ruthenium complexes to catalyze the hydrogenation.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of xylitol. The process utilises ribulose for the preparation of xylitol and involves several different conversion reactions, such as reduction, epimerisation and/or isomerisation. The present invention also relates to the use of ribulose for the preparation of xylitol.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 26, 2002
Date of Patent:
June 28, 2005
Assignee:
Danico Sweetners Oy
Inventors:
Heikki Heikkilä, Heikki Ojamo, Andrei Miasnikov, Vili Ravanko, Matti Tylli
Abstract: A process for producing 1,3-propanediol, comprising: hydrating acrolein in a liquid phase in the presence of a hydration catalyst to form 3-hydroxypropanal; separating any unreacted acrolein, if any is present; and carrying out catalytic hydrogenation of the 3-hydroxypropanal in a liquid or gas phase with a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the hydration catalyst is a catalyst comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of the following materials (a) to (c) and has a pH of 6 or less at 20° C., when made into a slurry by dispersing the catalyst in a quantity of water 5 times as much as the quantity of catalyst by weight: (a) a metalloaluminophosphate molecular sieve, (b) an FER type zeolite, and (c) an oxide or compound oxide, excluding crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites, which comprises one or more element(s) selected from the elements belonging to group 4, group 13 and group 14 of the periodic table.
Abstract: A method is provided for the preparation of high-purity 1,3-butylene glycol from acetaldehyde. In the method, acetaldehyde is condensed in the presence of base to form a mixture of acetaldols, and the acetaldols are then converted to 1,3-butylene glycol by hydrogenation. Chemical treatment and distillation processes are described which provide 1,3-butylene glycol of very high purity.
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of 1,2-propanediol from propylene oxide, which process involves contacting propylene oxide with carbon dioxide in the presence of a homogeneous phosphorus containing catalyst to obtain propylene carbonate, optionally removing at least part of the carbon dioxide, adding water and/or an alcohol to the reaction product containing propylene carbonate and phosphorus containing catalyst and contacting the mixture with a heterogeneous catalyst to obtain 1,2-propanediol in combination with dialkylcarbonate and/or carbon dioxide, and separating 1,2-propanediol from the reaction product obtained.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 19, 2003
Date of Patent:
May 24, 2005
Assignee:
Shell Oil Company
Inventors:
Klaas Lambertus Von Hebel, Jean-Paul Lange
Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of xylitol. In particular, processes utilising L-xylose as an intermediate for xylitol production are described. The present invention also relates to process for the preparation or L-xylose, as an intermediate, by-product or end-product to be used per se.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 29, 2002
Date of Patent:
May 17, 2005
Assignee:
Danisco Sweeteners Oy
Inventors:
Heikki Heikkilä , Heikki Ojamo, Matti Tylli, Vili Ravanko, Juha Nurmi, Piia Haimi, Raimo Alen, Hannu Koivikko
Abstract: A copolycarbonate diol comprising: (a) recurring units each represented by the following formula (1): (b) recurring units each independently represented by the following formula (2): wherein n is 4, 5 or 6; and (c) terminal hydroxyl groups, wherein the copolycarbonate diol has a number average molecular weight of from 300 to 20,000, and wherein the amount of the recurring units (a) is from 10 to 90% by mole, based on the total molar amount of the recurring units (a) and (b). A thermoplastic polyurethane obtained by copolymerizing the above-mentioned copolycarbonate diol with a polyisocyanate.
Abstract: A process for producing glycerin is comprised of the steps of: (1) contacting a fat with water at a temperature and pressure sufficient to produce hydrolyzed fat and a sweet water stream comprised of water, fat and glycerin; (2) introducing the sweet water stream into a vertical constant temperature zone and heating the sweet water stream to a temperature of at least 200° C.; (3) allowing sweet water stream of step (2) to separate into a top layer comprised of fat and a bottom layer comprised of glycerin and water while maintaining a temperature of the two layers of at least about 200° C. for a period of time sufficient to deactivate the prions; (4) separating the glycerin from the water.
Abstract: A process is described for reducing the discoloration of PO3G. The discolored polymer is contacted with adsorbent and separated therefrom, for instance, by filtration. The treated polytrimethylene, preferably, has an APHA color of less than about 50 and a molecular weight of about 250 to about 5000.
Abstract: Disclosed is a process comprising contacting chemical 1,3-propanediol with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. Preferably, the chemical 1,3-propanediol, before the contacting has an initial color and, after the contacting, has a color that is lower than the initial color.
Type:
Application
Filed:
August 5, 2003
Publication date:
November 11, 2004
Inventors:
Hari Babu Sunkara, Mayis Seapan, George F. Diffendall, Tyler T. Ames
Abstract: The curable coating compositions of the invention comprise a particulate component having at least one binder component (a) which is a solid at 75° F./24° C., and an additive component (b). The curable coating compositions further comprise a crosslinking component (c) reactive with the at least one binder component (a). Additive component (b) has from 12 to 72 carbon atoms, is substantially free of any heteroatoms, is not a crystalline solid at 75° F./24° C. and comprises a mixture of two or more structures selected from the group consisting of aliphatic structures for additive component (b), aromatic-containing structures for additive component (b), cycloaliphatic-containing structures for additive component (b), and mixtures thereof, wherein at least one of the two or more structures is either a cycloaliphatic-containing structure or an aromatic-containing structure.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 30, 2002
Date of Patent:
November 2, 2004
Assignee:
BASF Corporation
Inventors:
Walter H. Ohrbom, David J. Law, Robert D. Weise
Abstract: In a process for the catalytic hydrogenation of a carbonyl compound or a mixture of two or more carbonyl compounds in the presence of catalyst tablets which comprise an inorganic, TiO2-containing support and, as active component, copper or a mixture of copper with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, cerium, nobel metals and metals of transition group VIII and whose copper surface area is not more than 10 m2/g, the diameter d and/or the height h of the tablets is less than 3 mm.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 29, 2003
Date of Patent:
September 7, 2004
Assignee:
BASF Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Michael Koch, Steffen Maas, Wolfgang Jürgen Pöpel, Matthias Dernbach
Abstract: A process for inhibiting the oxidative degradation of glycerin involving adjusting the pH of glycerin to a range of either: (a) from about 3.5 to about 5.0; or (b) to from about 10.0 to about 12.0.
Abstract: A water soluble bactericide is obtained by ozone-oxidizing glycerin. Specifically, a 0.1 to 20% glycerin aqueous solution and gas phase ozone obtained by ozonizing oxygen through contact between oxygen and a silent discharge field, are brought into gas-liquid contact with each other, thereby to ozone-oxdize glycerin. Alternatively, a 0.1 to 20% glycerin aqueous solution is electrolyzed, thereby to produce ozone directly in the glycerin aqueous solution.