Abstract: A task is to provide a cloth which is excellent not only in tear strength but also in snagging resistance and wear resistance, and which preferably has design properties and stretchability, and a garment obtained using the cloth, and a solution to problem is a woven fabric containing two or more types of yarns, the woven fabric comprising a high strength yarn A having a yarn strength of 4.3 cN/dtex or more and a yarn B having a yarn strength which is smaller than that of the high strength yarn A, wherein the difference in total fineness between the high strength yarn A and the yarn B is 20 dtex or less.

Abstract: An upper for an article of footwear may have a knitted component, where the knitted component has a first edge extending from a first side of a throat area of the upper, through a heel area of the upper, and to a second side of the throat area. At least a portion of the first edge may include a lattice structure, the lattice structuring having a first lattice band and a second lattice band, the first lattice band and the second lattice band having loops that are intermeshed in at least one location, where a plurality of first openings are located between the first lattice band and the second lattice band. At least one of the lattice bands may include a yarn having a tenacity of at least 5 g/d, and/or the first and second lattice bands may be formed from separate yarns.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a composite fabric includes the steps of feeding, mixing and stirring, first drying, hot melt extrusion, first cooling, stretch extension, second cooling, winding-strands-into-roll, second drying, and weaving. The composite fabric is composed of multiple first threads and multiple second threads which are woven to the first threads. The first threads and the second threads are respectively reflective threads and glowing threads so that the composite fabric includes both features of light reflection and glowing in dark.

Abstract: A type of easy-to-dye porous modified polyester fibers and preparing method thereof are disclosed. The preparing method is using the modified polyester melt through a porous spinneret with FDY process; wherein the modified polyester is a product of an esterification and successive polycondensation reactions of an evenly mixed terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, main chain silicated diol, 2,2,3,4,5,5-hexamethyl-3,4-hexanediol, and metal oxide doped Sb2O3 powder; wherein the main chain silicated diol is selected from the group consisting of dimethylsiloxane diol, dimethyldiphenyldisiloxane glycol and tetramethyldisiloxane diol. The structural formula of 2,2,3,4,5,5-hexamethyl-3,4-hexanediol is as follows: The dye uptake and the K/S value of the prepared easy-to-dye porous modified polyester fiber are high. This invention features a method with ease of application and a product with good dyeing performance and good quality.

Abstract: An implantable, pliable silk device (e.g., in a form of a knitted mesh) for use in human soft tissue support and/or repair that provides stretch or pliable properties, e.g., multi-directional elongation properties. Such a device permits physicians or users to alter or manipulate the device dimension and/or shape at the time of device implantation, thereby permitting the device to conform to the contour of a target area or tissue more easily and providing more precise positioning of the device over the target area or tissue. In some embodiments, the implantable pliable silk device comprises a knit pattern feature that substantially prevents unraveling and preserves the stability of the mesh when cut. For example, the pliable silk device is a knitted mesh comprising at least two yarns laid in a knit direction and engaging each other to define a plurality of nodes.

Abstract: A porous ultra-soft ultra-fine denier polyester fiber and preparation method. The modified polyester is spun with a porous spinneret to produce the porous ultra-soft ultra-fine denier polyester fiber, and the spinneret holes on the porous spinneret are arranged in an elliptical arrangement. The porous ultra-soft ultra-fine denier polyester fiber is obtained by metering, extruding, cooling, oiling and high-speed winding the modified polyester chips. The preparation method of modified polyester is as follows: terephthalic acid reacts with ethylene glycol to produce ethylene terephthalate. The modified polyester is obtained by the reaction of terephthalic acid with branched diol. The fiber of the invention has good properties and the deviation rate of fiber density. The deviation rate of fiber density is ?0.5%, the CV value of breaking strength is ?4.0%, the CV value of elongation at break is ?8.0%, the CV value of yarn unevenness is ?2.0%.

Abstract: A different shrinkage composite yarn and preparation method. The modified polyester is spun with a porous spinneret to produce a different shrinkage composite yarn, and the spinneret holes on the porous spinneret are arranged in an elliptical arrangement. The different shrinkage composite yarn is obtained by winding modified polyester POY yarn and FDY yarn, network recombining, and coiling them. The preparation method of modified polyester is as follows: terephthalic acid reacts with ethylene glycol to produce ethylene terephthalate. The modified polyester is obtained by the reaction of terephthalic acid with branched diol. The fiber of the invention has good properties and the deviation rate of fiber density. The CV value of breaking strength is ?4.0%, the CV value of elongation at break is ?8.0%, the CV value of coefficient of variation of coiling shrinkage is ?8.0%.

Abstract: A woven flame-resistant fabric for garments, the warp and fill yarns being made up of at least about 30 wt. % inherently flame-resistant fibers. The fabric is woven from a plurality of warp yarn groups consecutively arranged across the width direction in a recurring pattern, each warp yarn group consisting of a plurality of adjacent consecutively arranged warp yarns. At least one warp yarn in each warp yarn group is woven with the fill yarns in a plain (1/1) weave and at least one warp yarn in each warp yarn group is woven in one or more non-plain weaves each selected from the group consisting of 1/2, 2/1, 2/2, 1/3, and 3/1. Approximately half of the warp yarns in the fabric are woven in a plain (1/1) weave and the remaining warp yarns in the fabric are woven in the one or more non-plain weaves, in an alternating fashion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high strength polyester fiber for a seat belt, and in particular, a polyester fiber for a seat belt, which has intrinsic viscosity of 0.8 to 1.5 dl/g, tensile strength of 8.8 g/d or more, and total fineness of 400 to 1800 denier. A method of preparing the fiber is disclosed. The polyester fiber includes filaments having high strength, low modulus, and high elongation to significantly lower shrinkage, while securing excellent mechanical properties, it is possible to manufacture a seat belt having excellent impact absorption and significantly improved abrasion resistance and heat resistant strength retention, even with a woven density of 260 yarns/inch or less.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for the manufacture of fibers from solution-phase peptide-based polymers by electrospinning, and compositions produced thereby. In particular embodiments, various embodiments provide electrospinning supramolecular fibers from low concentration peptide amphiphile filaments.

Abstract: A spinneret is used to reduce filament breakage during spinning of multifilament yarn being stretched at a high stretch ratio. The spinneret has a first group of spinning holes with capillaries and a second group of spinning holes with capillaries. The capillaries of the second group of spinning holes have a lower length to diameter (L/D) ratio than the capillaries of the first group of spinning holes. All of the capillaries have the same diameter, which is 100 ?m or less.

Abstract: A fiber blend, a yarn spun from the fiber blend, and a fabric made from the yarn, wherein the fiber blend is a blend of staple fibers comprising non-FR cellulosic fibers, modacrylic fibers, and aramid fibers intimately blended together. The blend is such that the cellulosic fibers constitute at least about 45 wt. % of the fiber blend, a weight ratio of the modacrylic fibers to the cellulosic fibers is at least 0.8 but not exceeding 1.0, and the aramid fibers make up no more than 15 wt. % of the fiber blend.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for obtaining high-tenacity aramid yarn, wherein the yarn is made of a copolymer obtained from a mixture of monomers comprising DAPBI, an aromatic para-diamine, and an aromatic para-diacid, wherein the yarn is heated in at least two process steps, characterized in that in a first step the yarn is heated at a temperature of 200 to 360° C. at a tension of at least 0.2 cN/dtex, followed by a second step wherein the yarn is heated at a temperature of 370 to 500° C. at a tension of less than 1 cN/dtex. The invention further pertains to a multifilament aramid yarn spun from a sulfuric acid spin dope and having a tenacity of at least 2500 mN/tex.

Abstract: A hybrid cord formed from a plurality of component plies wherein at least one of the plies has a length that is from 1 to 50 percent longer than the other plies and a method of providing a cord with predetermined twist and component ply lengths.

Abstract: A high-carbon steel wire has as steel composition: a carbon content ranging from 0.40 weight percent to 0.85 weight percent, a silicon content ranging from 1.0 weight percent to 2.0 weight percent, a manganese content ranging from 0.40 weight percent to 1.0 weight percent, and a chromium content ranging from 0.0 weight percent to 1.0 weight percent. The remainder is iron. This steel wire has as metallurgical structure a volume percentage of retained austenite ranging from 4 percent to 20 percent, while the remainder is tempered primary martensite and untempered secondary martensite. The steel wire is obtained by partitioning after quenching.

Abstract: A continuous spin-draw-winding process to prepare a drawn polyester yarn suitable for use in high-speed tires and run-flat tires having high energy to break in combination with a good dimensional stability, including extruding molten polyester through spinning holes in a spinneret to form a bundle of molten spun filaments, solidifying the spun filaments by a gaseous cooling medium, fixing the spinning speed of the solidified filaments at a first godet in the range of 4050 to 5000 m/min, drawing the solidified filaments at a draw ratio less than 1.75 to form drawn filaments. The drawn polyester yarn has a high amorphous orientation distribution, a high crystallinity and a coarse structure. Dipped cords including such polyester drawn yarns exhibit excellent dimensional stability at higher temperatures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite material in which at least one reinforcement thread is deposited on a surface according to a path having at least one curved area on the deposition surface, wherein the reinforcement thread is connected to the surface by a polymeric binder. A twist is applied to the reinforcement thread before the deposition thereof at least in order to compensate the length differences of the extreme paths of the thread on either side of the width as measured in a direction parallel to the deposition surface.

Abstract: A fine denier poly(trimethylene arylate) spun drawn fiber is characterized by high denier uniformity. A process for preparing uniform fine denier yarns at spinning speeds of 4000 to 6000 m/min is further disclosed. The poly(trimethylene arylate) fiber hereof comprises 0.1 to 3% by weight of polystyrene dispersed therewithin. Fabrics prepared therefrom are also disclosed.

Abstract: Biocompatible coatings and spin finishes that can be applied to polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers, and medical devices made from PHA polymers, have been developed. The coatings impart good lubricity to PHA polymers, particularly to fibers and braids made from these materials, making the coatings ideal for use on medical devices such as PHA braided sutures. The spin finishes can be applied to PHA fibers to facilitate their manufacture, and also for their conversion to other products, including medical textiles. The spin finishes serve to protect multifilament fiber bundles, and keep them intact following extrusion, and also to impart lubricity to the fiber bundles and monofilament fibers so that they are not damaged in subsequent processing steps particularly in textile processing. The coating reduces tissue drag of, for example, braided sutures.

Abstract: A loop rope assembly includes loop rope assembly includes a main rope segment having a plurality of rope strands and first and second ends, the plurality of rope strands of the same material and coextensive with the main rope segment; a first end loop provided on the first end of the main rope segment; a second end loop provided on the second end of the main rope segment, the first end loop and the second end loop connecting and establishing continuity between the plurality of rope strands at the first and second ends, respectively, of the main rope segment; the plurality of rope strands disposed in closely adjacent proximity to each other at each of a plurality of spaced-apart intervals along each of the plurality of rope strands; at least one of the plurality of rope strands axially movable with respect to another of the plurality of rope strands at each of the plurality of spaced-apart intervals; and at least one sinusoidal intermediate loop defined by the at least one of the plurality of rope strands betw

Abstract: A rope includes elongate bodies having a length axis parallel to a length of the rope or showing helix angles smaller than 2°. The elongate bodies include tapes of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The tapes have a width to thickness ratio of at least 10 and a polymer solvent content below 0.05 wt. %.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyester yarn which can be used in a fabric for an airbag. A content of one or more inorganic fillers selected from the group consisting of TiO2, SiO2, and BaSO4 is 200 ppm or less, a breaking elongation is 15% or more, a dry shirinkage rate is 3% or more, and the sum of the breaking elongation and the dry shirinkage rate is 20% or more, a production method thereof, and a fabric for an airbag produced therefrom. The polyester yarn has remarkably reduced stiffness and excellent mechanical properties of high strength, high elongation, and high shirinkage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyester yarn that can be used in a fabric for an airbag. In particular, a polyester yarn having a diethylene glycol content of 1.1 to 2.5 wt % and initial modulus of 100 g/d or less, a production method thereof, and a fabric for an airbag produced therefrom are disclosed. The polyester yarn has excellent moisture and heat resistance and light resistance, and maintained excellent mechanical properties after long-term aging under high temperature and high humidity conditions. Therefore, when applied to a fabric for an airbag, the polyester yarn provides excellent packing property, shape stability, and gas barrier effect, and the impact applied to a passenger is minimized, thereby safely protecting the passenger at the same time.

Abstract: Methods of making and using anti-tack additives for elastic fibers are disclosed. The elastic fibers include CE additive.

Abstract: An elastomer product containing a linear textile structure for reinforcement. In order to preserve the environment and resources with a constant product quality, the linear textile structure contains fibers made of polyamide 10.10.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of folding multiple filaments and a bundle of filament produced by the same. More particularly, the method of folding multiple filaments includes release-winding the filaments under a uniform release-winding tension, folding the released filaments in non-twisted states and winding the folded filaments to produce a bundle of filament, so as to effectively prevent some of the filaments in the bundle of filament from hanging down or becoming loose due to different tensions when the bundle of filament is release-wound for post processing. The bundle of filaments includes a plurality of filaments combined together in a non-twisted manner and has highly uniform weight of the filaments per unit length of the bundle of filament, wherein the standard deviation of the weight of each filament ranges from 0.0001 to 0.01 from their average weight.

Abstract: Described is a flame-resistant spun yarn having: about 50 to about 95 parts by weight of a sulfonated polyoxadiazole based staple fiber comprising repeat units of Formula (I) and one or both of Formula (II) and (IIa): wherein M is a cation; and about 5 to about 50 parts by weight of a textile staple fiber having limiting oxygen index of 21 or greater and a tenacity of about 4 grams per denier or greater, based on the total amount of the polymeric fiber and the textile fiber in the yarn.

Abstract: Multistrand metal cable of 4×(4+M) construction, which can especially be used for reinforcing tire belts for industrial vehicles, formed from four elementary strands assembled in a helix with a helix pitch P3, each elementary strand consisting of a two-layer cable of 4+M construction comprising an inner layer C1 formed from four wires of diameter D1, assembled in a helix with a pitch P1, and an unsaturated outer layer C2 of M wires, M being greater than or equal to 8 and smaller than or equal to 11, of diameter D2, these being assembled in a helix with a pitch P2 around the inner layer C1, P1 being smaller than P2, the four wires of the inner layer C1 being wound in a helix in the same twist direction as the M wires of the outer layer C2, and wherein each of the diameters D1 and D2 is greater than or equal to 0.10 mm but less than or equal to 0.50 mm.

Abstract: A protective cover for lengths of materials used in environments in which the lengths of material are moved and pulled around and subjected to abrasion, chemicals, and weather extremes. The protective cover includes a sleeve that surrounds the length of material to be protected. The sleeve has open ends and is formed of a fabric made substantially of high performance yarns.

Abstract: The invention provides a fiber blend, spun yarn, and textile material comprising a plurality of cellulosic fibers and a plurality of first synthetic fibers. The first synthetic fibers comprise a polyoxadiazole polymer, and the polyoxadiazole polymer comprises a plurality of first repeating units and a plurality of second repeating units, the first repeating units conforming to the structure of Formula (I) below and the second repeating units conforming to the structure of Formula (II) below Y is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, diphenylphosphine oxide, and diphenylphosphine sulfide. The invention also provides a method for protecting an individual from infrared radiation that can be generated during an electrical arc flash using such a textile material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyester yarn, wherein a room-temperature strength-elongation index (X0) indicating a ratio (T0/S0) of tensile strength (T0) to tensile elongation (S0) of the polyester yarn, measured at room temperature, and a primary high-humidity strength-elongation index (X1) indicating a ratio (T1/S1) of tensile strength (T1) to tensile elongation (S1) of the polyester yarn, measured after heat-treating the polyester yarn under conditions of a temperature of 85° C. and a relative humidity (RH) of 95±5% for 168 hours, are optimized in a predetermined range.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high strength and high elongation polyester fiber being used for anchoring, mooring, or towing a ship, and particularly is a polyester fiber wherein the recovered work ratio at the elongation corresponding to 10% of the maximum load measured at room temperature is 70% or more, the recovered work ratio at the elongation corresponding to 20% of the maximum load is 50% or more, and the recovered work ratio at the elongation corresponding to 30% of the maximum load is 40% or more, a method of preparing the same, and a polyester fiber rope including the same.

Abstract: A new metal fiber yarn is provided. The metal fiber yarn (10) constitutes a construction comprising continuous metal fibers (13) forming a metal fiber yarn. The construction comprises at least 5 bundles (12) of continuous metal fibers twisted together to form a yarn. Each of the metal fiber bundles (12) comprises at least 30 metal fibers (13). The yarn comprises at least one partial yarn (11), said partial yarn comprising at least two metal fiber bundles (13) twisted around each other with a predetermined number of torsions per meter.

Abstract: A wire rope for use in a medical procedure includes a multi-strand coil formed by twisting multiple metal wires together. In the wire rope, gaps are located between the multiple metal wires along an axis of the multi-strand coil. The gaps between the multiple metal wires include a first gap and a second gap that differ in width.

Abstract: A buoyant rope is presented consisting of at least two strands, wherein each strand comprises synthetic fibers, wherein the rope is characterized in that the synthetic fibers comprise a component A) and a component B), wherein A) is at least one monofilament and B) is at least one multifilament yarn, the filaments of which are hollow-fiber filaments.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of forming yarns and preparing surgical devices therefrom. The yarns include at least one first filament possessing a polymer core and first reactive members known to have click reactivity on a surface thereof and at least one second filament possessing a polymer core and second reactive members known to have click reactivity on a surface thereof. The first and second reactive members are complementary such that they interact to covalently bond the filaments together.

Abstract: A yarn (100) comprising two or more bundles (110, 120, 130), each of said bundles comprising at least thirty metal fibres (140) is described. The bundles of the yarn are twisted with one another with a predetermined number of torsions per meter, said predetermined number of torsions permeter is smaller than 80 per meter and larger than 10 per meter. By doing so, an improved flexlife of the yarn can be obtained.

Abstract: A heat-resistant flame-retardant protective suit fabric of the present invention is formed of a uniform blended spun yarn including 25 to 75 mass % of polyetherimide fiber, 20 to 50 mass % of at least one fiber selected from wool and flame-retardant rayon, and 5 to 25 mass % of para-aramid fiber when the spun yarn is 100 mass %. The fabric experiences no heat shrinkage when exposed to a heat flux at 80 kW/m2 ±5% for 3 seconds in accordance with ISO 9151 Determination of Heat Transmission on Exposure to Flame. And the char length is not more than 10 cm in the longitudinal and horizontal directions in the flammability test specified in JIS L 1091A-4. Thereby, the present invention provides a protective suit fabric that provides comfort in wearing even if the suit is worn in the hot seasons or even if the wearer perspires during exertion. The fabric has high heat resistance and high flame retardance, favorable dye affinity, and the fabric can be produced at a low cost.

Abstract: Provided is a high-performance pneumatic radial tire for passenger cars which uses a hybrid cord composed of an aramid cord and a Nylon 66 cord having different twist counts for the first twist and different twist counts for the second twist, as a reinforcing belt, and thereby has improved high speed durability and steering stability.

Abstract: A compact metal cable having two layers (C1, C2) of construction 1+N, rubberized in situ, usable in particular as a reinforcing element for a tire belt for a heavy industrial vehicle, comprising a core or inner layer (C1) comprising a single core wire of diameter d1, and a saturated outer layer (C2) of N wires of diameter d2 wound together in a helix at a pitch p2 around the layer C1. The layered cable has the following characteristics (d1, d2, p2 in mm): 0.15<d1<0.50; 0.15<d2<0.50; 8<p2<25. The core wire is surrounded by a sheath of diene rubber which fills, at least in part, the gaps between the core wire and the cords of the layer C2.

Abstract: The PTFE real twist yarn of the present invention is a PTFE real twist yarn obtained by twisting a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) multi-filament slit yarn. The yarn has a circular cross-section with a circularity in the range of 10/8 to 10/10, where the circularity is expressed by the ratio between the major axis width and the minor axis width, the average fineness of filaments is in the range of 1.5 to 200 dtex, a fineness D is in the range of 50 to 6000 dtex, and a twist coefficient K expressed by Formula (1) is in the range of 10000 to 35000: twist coefficient K=number of twists T×(the fineness D of the PTFE real twist yarn)1/2??(1) where the number of twists T denotes the number of twists per meter and the fineness D is a total fineness.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of folding multiple filaments and a bundle of filament produced by the same. More particularly, the method of folding multiple filaments includes release-winding the filaments under a uniform release-winding tension, folding the released filaments in non-twisted states and winding the folded filaments to produce a bundle of filament, so as to effectively prevent some of the filaments in the bundle of filament from hanging down or becoming loose due to different tensions when the bundle of filament is release-wound for post processing. The bundle of filaments includes a plurality of filaments combined together in a non-twisted manner and has highly uniform weight of the filaments per unit length of the bundle of filament, wherein the standard deviation of the weight of each filament ranges from 0.0001 to 0.01 from their average weight.

Abstract: It is a problem of the present invention to provide a normal pressure cationic dyeable polyester being cationic dyeable under normal pressure, and having high strength. The problem can be solved by a normal pressure cationic dyeable polyester, characterized by being a copolymerized polyester having a main repeating unit including ethylene terephthalate, and including, in an acid component forming the copolymerized polyester, a metal salt of sulfoisophthalic acid (A) and a compound (B) which is a phosphonium salt of sulfoisophthalic acid or the like in such a state as to simultaneously satisfy the two mathematical expressions. Preferably, the glass transition temperature of the copolymerized polyester is within the range of 70 to 85° C., and the intrinsic viscosity of the copolymerized polyester is within the range of 0.55 to 1.00 dL/g. Further, by melt spinning the copolymerized polyester, it is possible to provide a polyester fiber.

Abstract: The present invention is a composite material comprising an organic filament having a melting point of 200° C. or higher and a thermoplastic resin, characterized in that the organic filament is in the form of a twisted yarn cord or a woven or knitted fabric composed of twisted yarn cord. The composite material of the present invention is excellent in impact strength and can be used as a core material also in a sandwich material.

Abstract: A hybrid carbon fiber spun yarn having a core region with carbon fibers as a main component, and a surrounding region with carbon fibers as a main component and covers an outer peripheral surface of the core region. 20% by mass or more of fibers forming the core region are long carbon fibers having a fiber length of 500 mm or longer. 80% by mass or more of fibers forming the surrounding region are short carbon fibers having a fiber length of less than 500 mm. A mass ratio between the long carbon fibers and the short carbon fibers (long carbon fibers:short carbon fibers) is in a range of 20:80 to 80:20.

Abstract: Biocompatible coatings and spin finishes that can be applied to polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers, and medical devices made from PHA polymers, have been developed. The coatings impart good lubricity to PHA polymers, particularly to fibers and braids made from these materials, making the coatings ideal for use on medical devices such as PHA braided sutures. The spin finishes can be applied to PHA fibers to facilitate their manufacture, and also for their conversion to other products, including medical textiles. The spin finishes serve to protect multifilament fiber bundles, and keep them intact following extrusion, and also to impart lubricity to the fiber bundles and monofilament fibers so that they are not damaged in subsequent processing steps particularly in textile processing. The coating reduces tissue drag of, for example, braided sutures.

Abstract: Provided is a steel cord for reinforcing a rubber article, which has an improved durability against so-called cuts, such as notches and perforations, which are generated in the case of treading on an obtusely or sharply pointed projection, without decreasing the strength in the axial direction of the cord, and without increasing the thickness in the radial direction, namely without increasing the weight of a tire, as well as a tire using the steel cord for reinforcing a rubber article as a reinforcing material, especially a construction vehicle tire. Also provided is a steel cord for reinforcing rubber articles with a multi-twisted structure formed by twisting a plurality of sheath strands formed by twisting a plurality of wires around a core strand formed by twisting a plurality of wires, and the core strand being constituted of an at least three-layer-twisted structure formed by twisting core filaments and sheath filaments.

Abstract: A rope structure comprising a plurality of fibers combined to form a plurality of yarns which are in turn combined to form a plurality of strands. The plurality of strands are combined using a single braid process to form the rope structure defining a void space. At least one of the fibers, the yarns, and the strands are configured substantially to reduce a volume of the void space and thereby maintain a shape of the rope structure when the rope structure is under load.

Abstract: A yarn spun from a plurality of nano-fibres is provided and is characterized in that at least some of the nano-fibres are folded with the folds occurring at predeterminable distances which are integer multiples of a specific spacing. The folds result from spinning the nano-fibres onto a plurality of moving conductive strips which are inclined to their direction of movement. A process and apparatus for producing such yarn is also provided.

Abstract: A fire retardant fabric is manufactured from oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers having a fineness of about 0.5 to about 1.5 denier per fiber.