Abstract: A glass fiber bulk strand roving that is made up of a multiplicity of strands, each of which is made up of a plurality of individual fibers, for example, 200 of such fibers. Each strand of the roving has a multiplicity of rather long, axially extending loops, for example, axially extending loops with a calculated length of at least 6 inches, and a multiplicity of shorter, unbroken, cross-axially extending loops that are formed in the axially extending loops of such strands. The axially extending loops and the cross-axially extending loops interengage and intertwine with one another for form a composite entangled structure. The roving of the present invention is made by a process that uses a finger wheel to form axially extending loops in strands and a co-axial spinner with an inlet that is positioned above or below the finger wheel.

Abstract: Method to produce a spun-like textured yarn comprised of one yarn which is substantially fully oriented and the other yarn is partially oriented. The method involves plying the yarns in the draw zone before being pre-textured. The ply point of the plied yarns is located above the entrance to the heater in the draw zone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the manufacture of a glass fiber bulk strand roving which is made up of a multiplicity of strands, each of which is made up of a plurality of individual fibers, for example, 200 of such fibers. Each strand of the roving has a multiplicity of rather long, axially extending loops, for example, axially extending loops with a calculated length of at least 6 inches, and a multiplicity of shorter, unbroken, cross-axially extending loops that are formed in the axially extending loops of such strands. The axially extending loops and the cross-axially extending loops interengage and intertwine with one another to form a composite entangled structure. The roving which is produced by the method and apparatus of the present invention is made by a process that uses an array of inwardly projecting fingers to form axially extending loops in the strands and a spinner with an inlet that is positioned adjacent the fingers.

Abstract: A glass fiber bulk strand roving that is made up of a multiplicity of strands, each of which is made up of a plurality of individual fibers, for example, 200 of such fibers. Each strand of the roving has a multiplicity of rather long, axially extending loops, for example, axially extending loops with a calculated length of at least 6 inches, and a multiplicity of shorter, unbroken, cross-axially extending loops that are formed in the axially extending loops of such strands. The axially extending loops and the cross-axially extending loops interengage and intertwine with one another to form a composite entangled structure. The roving of the present invention is made by a process that uses a finger wheel to form axially extending loops in strands and a spinner downstream of the finger wheel.

Abstract: Spinneret having an orifice defined by two intersecting slots and each intersecting slot in turn defined by three quadrilateral sections connected in series: the middle quadrilateral section of each intersecting slot having a greater width than the other two quadrilateral sections of the same intersecting slot and intersecting the other intersecting slot at its middle quadrilateral section to form therewith a generally X-shaped opening, with each of the other two quadrilateral sections of each intersecting slot being longer than the middle quadrilateral section of each intersecting slot; and a four-winged filament cross-section extruded through the aforedescribed spinneret orifice.

Abstract: Use of a textured polyester filament yarn in a substrate for the manufacture of abrasives is disclosed. The substrate permits the manufacture of abrasives having a uniform and clean surface and a long running time. Coated abrasives incorporating the invention will not rapidly lose their binding agent grain layer during grinding and possess a high level of adhesion between substrate and adhesive. The particular yarn disclosed exhibits good absorbency for a binding agent for all, including fine, grains of abrasives.

Abstract: A flat yarn wherein fibers composing a yarn are bonded to each other substantially in a side-by-side manner to form a tape-like flat body and the flat body has a plurality of gear-crimped portions across a width thereof. There may be a plurality of reverse points at which front and back surfaces of the yarn replace each other. The points are twisted in the same direction and positioned at random intervals from each other. The gear-crimped portions are arranged randomly in the lengthwise direction of the yarn. The fibers composing the yarn are bonded to each other in an intermittent manner in the lengthwise direction of the yarn. A fabric made from the flat yarn has an aesthetic appearance and soft touch as well as good crease resistance. A method of production for the same is also provided.

Abstract: Synthetic yarn and yarn-like structures are formed by the method of treating separate multifilament strands of thermoplastics material so that at least one has a shrinkage ratio higher than normal at an elevated temperature. The strands are intermingled in a gas stream with formation of loops on the strands after which they are subjected to a twisting force which imparts a random form of twist on the intermingled formation followed by a heating operation to cause them to shrink differentially while being held until shrinkage ceases so that interlocking bud-like projections form on the filaments.

Abstract: An activated carbon fiber spun yarn having excellent workability and adsorptive property is disclosed. The activated carbon fiber spun yarn comprising activated carbon fibers having a specific surface area of 500 to 1,500 m.sup.2 /g, a ductility of at least 0.5%, and a tensile strength of at least 10 kg/mm.sup.2 and derived from acrylonitrile-based fibers. The spun yarn has a twist coefficient of 30 to 60.

Abstract: Textile yarn having a staple yarn character and including continuous filaments with each continuous filament being formed into coils, loops or whorls at random intervals along its length, each continuous filament having a main body section with a portion thereof along the length of the main body section being intermittently separated from the main body section and a fraction of the intermittently separated portion being broken and providing free ends extending from the main body section.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for producing a synthetic multifilament yarn having the appearance, bulk and hand characteristics normally associated with spun yarns of staple fibers. The yarn is air jet textured to form loops, coils, bows and the like in the filaments, and at least some of the projecting loops, coils, and bows are enlarged or parted by advancing and looping the yarn around one or more rotating rollers, such that the portion of the yarn running onto the roller overlaps and contacts the portion of the yarn leaving the roller and thereby clampingly engages the projecting loops, coils, bows and the like of the leaving yarn portion. The efficiency of the process may be controlled by varying the number of rollers, as well as the yarn tension during the parting operation.

Abstract: Trilobal synthetic carpet filaments in a specified range of modification ratios and related arm angles exhibit a unique combination of high bulk and high sparkle.

Abstract: A remarkable degree of softness and flexibility is imparted to products such as artificial fur, soft woven or knitted fabrics and the like by using relatively small diameter fibers having a low elastic modulus. The fiber diameter and elastic modulus are selected to obtain a stiffness parameter of less than 8.5.times.10.sup.-9 but preferably greater than 1.0.times.10.sup.-11 lb-in.sup.2.

Abstract: A bulked extensible yarn of entangled convoluted undrawn synthetic continuous nylon filaments having a plurality of crunodal filament loops randomly spaced along its surface and a greige break elongation of at least 150% performs effectively as an extensible weft yarn in tire cord fabrics for single ply radial tires.

Abstract: A bulky, tangled, twisted singles yarn is provided having good bulk and aesthetics. The yarn also has exceptional column strength and resistance of bending and untwisting. The yarn is particularly useful as a sweater yarn or half-hose yarn. The yarn is produced by passing twisted singles yarn having latent bulk through a chamber wherein the yarn is tangled and heated by means of a heated fluid such as superheated steam.

Abstract: A bulky, heatset, tangled, twisted singles carpet yarn is provided having exceptional column strength and resistance to bending and untwisting. Cut pile produced therefrom has excellent tuft rigidity and endpoint definition. The yarn is produced by passing a bulked, twisted singles yarn through a chamber wherein the yarn is tangled and heatset with a heated fluid such as steam.

Abstract: An aqueous sizing composition for treating glass fibers, the treated glass fiber strands and bulked yarn prepared from the treated glass fiber strands are provided to give treated glass fiber strands having an improved processability and characteristics in yarn bulking operations. The aqueous sizing composition has a modified starch that has Brabender values of gel temperature in the range of about 65.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C. with values maximum viscosity in the range of about 500 B.U. to about 1200 B.U. for a 9.5 dry percent concentration or equivalent. The aqueous sizing composition also has nonionic lubricants, wax, emulsifiers, starch plasticizer, and ester-modified amino silane coupling agent and possibly a biocide and or fungicide and cationic lubricant for treating glass fibers.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a crimped continuous multifilament yarn by the sequential steps of air-jet texturizing to form multiple random filamentary loops, immediately pulling out metastable loops formed in the yarn without heating and without stretching or deforming the yarn filaments, next shrinking and heat setting the yarn at a temperature of about 150.degree.-245.degree. C., and then winding the yarn onto a spool at a predetermined yarn tension. The resulting spooled texturized yarn has valuable properties and characteristics in subsequent processing and textile operations.

Abstract: An improved method for making a continuous filament heather dyeable yarn involves cobulking in a hot fluid jet process a first unbulked yarn with a second differentially dyeable previously bulked yarn. The method enhances differential dyeability in the product when both yarns have a common type of chemical dye site and the second yarn has a greater concentration of those dye sites than the first yarn.

Abstract: Multi-filament thermoplastic bounce crimped yarns having improved fiber-fiber coherency and intermediate non-entangled yarns and methods and apparatus for making such yarns. The process is characterized by the use of a novel bounce crimper which produces a bounce crimped yarn substantially free of filament loops and filament entanglement which is then fluid vortex interlaced to produce a very fiber-fiber coherent yarn.

Abstract: Spun yarn-like textured polyester yarns comprised of two types of polyester multifilament component yarns and having broken filaments, in which textured yarns there is a difference in length between the component yarns, whereby high bulkiness is imparted thereto. The individual filaments of one of the component yarns have a fineness less than those of the other component yarn. The spun yarn-like textured yarns have satisfactory pilling resistance and frosting resistance.The spun yarn-like high bulky textured yarns can be produced by a process comprising doubling two types of undrawn polyester multifilament yarns having different properties through an intertwisting regulative device and simultaneously draw-texturing the doubled undrawn yarns.

Abstract: A bulky, heatset, tangle, twisted singles yarn is provided having exceptional column strength and resistance to bending and untwisting. Cut pile produced therefrom has excellent tuft rigidity and endpoint definition. The yarn is produced by passing a bulked, twisted singles yarn through a chamber wherein the yarn is tangled and heatset with a heated fluid such as steam.

Abstract: A bulked and entangled multifilament thermoplastic yarn and an improved process for the formation thereof which, when tufted into a fabric, presents a grass-like appearance. The yarn is made by melt spinning and water quenching filaments of a melt spinnable synthetic organic thermoplastic polymer, such as polypropylene, in a continuous process, drawing the filaments, imparting bulk and entanglement in a fluid jet entangling mechanism and taking up the thus entangled yarn on a yarn winder. Also disclosed is an improved fluid jet entangling mechanism employed in the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and product for directly producing a latent heat-bulkable yarn from the same polymer composition in the same spinning process. The self-crimping yarn is produced from polyethylene terephthalate compositions which are melt spun at high speeds to form a plurality of spin oriented filaments. The filaments are divided in the spinning column into at least two groups and the two groups of filaments are subjected to different heat conditions, recombined, and taken up as a fully drawn yarn. The high spinning speed and differential heat treatment are selected to produce highly spin oriented yarn of relatively high spun birefringence with the conditions of spinning speed and heat treatment being controlled to produce a desired shrinkage differential between the two groups of filaments of up to 60 percent.

Abstract: A coherent, bulked, continuous-filament, heather-dyeable yarn having a more natural, spun, wool-like appearance in carpets consists of lighter dyeing filaments which comprise 20-50% of the total yarn filaments and which are 15-45% longer than the darker dyeing filaments in the yarn. The yarn is produced by overfeeding the lighter dyeing filaments to a greater degree than the darker dyeing ones through a turbulent fluid-jet intermingling zone.

Abstract: In order to produce a fancy yarn with protuberances along its length in a simple manner, and without adding either a binding yarn or an effect yarn, a multi-filament yarn of continuous filaments is forwarded by a positive drive means and twisted and taken up by a spindle. When engaged with a surface of the drive means the yarn is engaged by an edge which brakes some of the filaments.

Abstract: Fibers, yarns and fabrics are produced from polymers, such as the copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, having an elastic modulus of from 5,000 to 60,000 psi. The fibers are also characterized by an area moment of inertia of from 400.times.10.sup.-14 to 7,000.times.10.sup.-14 in.sup.4 and a stiffness parameter of from 1.times.10.sup.-5 to 1.times.10.sup.-8 lb-in.sup.2. Multiple fibers are spun into yarn, preferably cross-linked either chemically or by irradiation and are formed into pile fabrics for carpeting and similar uses. The pile fabric preferably has a minimum of 4,000 fibers per in.sup.2 of backing and a minimum pile height of 1/8 inch.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bulky yarn made from a thermoplastic multifilament yarn. Each of the individual filaments forming the yarn has a randomly varying thermal shrinkage along its length. The filaments in the cross-section of the yarn also have randomly varying thermal shrinkages. The bulky yarn forms a plurality of loops having a stable and compact configuration, while the number of filament slack portions which project outwardly from the yarn surface is significantly decreased.A method for producing a bulky yarn possessing the above-mentioned construction is also disclosed. In the method, individual filaments forming the multifilament yarn are interlaced with each other, before or after which the yarn is subjected to a so-called random heat treatment. The interlaced and randomly heat-treated yarn is supplied at an over-feed condition to a fluid turbulent flow region which causes the individual filaments to form a plurality of loops and entanglements, and then the yarn is wound onto a package.

Abstract: New poly(ethylene terephthalate) flat yarns and tows having physical properties and dyeability more akin to cellulose acetate than to conventional poly(ethylene terephthalate) flat yarns are prepared directly by spinning at speeds of about 4000 meters/minute. Among the useful physical properties are a modulus of 30 to 65, which is relatively unaffected by boiling, low boil-off shrinkage, no need for heat setting, low shrinkage tension, large crystal size, and low amorphous orientation which is measured by a value termed "amorphous modulus." The flat yarns may be used, e.g. in textile fabrics, without drawing, and may be modified, e.g. by air-jet texturing. The tows may be converted into staple fiber.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a crimped continuous multifilament yarn by the sequential steps of air-jet texturizing to form multiple random filamentary loops, immediately pulling out metastable loops formed in the yarn without heating and without stretching or deforming the yarn filaments, next shrinking and heat setting the yarn at a temperature of about 150.degree.-245.degree. C., and then winding the yarn onto a spool at a predetermined yarn tension. The resulting spooled texturized yarn has valuable properties and characteristics in subsequent processing and textile operations.