Abstract: Single-stage thermolysis of C.sub.8 and C.sub.9 aromatics at temperatures in excess of 900.degree. C. and pressures of less than 0.2 torr or in the presence of steam in excess of 800.degree. C., in the absence of catalysts yields styrene and/or p-methylstyrene in high yields, providing a process for the conversion of xylenes and p-ethyltoluene to preferred styrene monomers.

Abstract: New and improved compositions are described of ethylenically unsaturated organic compounds capable of addition polymerization stabilized from unintentional or premature polymerization in the liquid phase by the addition of the combination cerium compounds which are soluble in the ethylenically unsaturated organic compounds and phenolic type inhibitors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst for the oxidative dimerization of toluene, comprising a composition represented by the general formula:Tl.sub.l M.sub.a M'.sub.b O.sub.cwhereinM represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium; M' represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, zinc, aluminum, gallium, indium and antimony;a is 0.05 to 15;b is 0.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, an alkali or alkaline earth component, and iron on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process transforming an aldehyde into a corresponding alkene, of the type wherein the aldehyde is placed in the presence of a phosphoric reagent and a base in an organic solvent.The process consists in using an alcohol as the solvent and as a base a mineral base which in an aqueous medium evinces a basic strength equal to or less than that of the hydroxide ion, or a strongly basic organic base of the amine family, and in limiting the hydration rate of the reaction medium to a value at most of 10 moles of water per mole of aldehyde.

Abstract: A process for preparing a metal oxygen composition capable of dehydrocoupling toluene wherein metal oxides such as Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, PbO, and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 are admixed with an organic media such as isobutanol and heated to form a metal oxygen precursor composition which is recovered and calcined is disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, antimony and an alkali or alkaline earth component on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, iridium, and an alkali or alkaline earth component, preferably potassium, on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, cobalt, and an alkali or alkaline earth component on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, an alkali or alkaline earth component, and iron on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, copper, and an alkali or alkaline earth component on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, potassium, and bismuth on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: A process for dehydrocoupling a hydrocarbon, such as toluene, using oxygen as the oxidant, in the presence of a crystalline zeolite of the faujasite structure containing a cation such as cesium, and a promoter, such as boron and/or phosphorus is disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, lead, and an alkali or alkaline earth component on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: A catalyst containing tungsten, antimony and an alkali or alkaline earth component on a support, preferably silica gel, is disclosed which is useful in reverse disproportionation of stilbene and ethylene to produce styrene.

Abstract: Conversion of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, alcohol and olefin containing mixtures in the presence of a new class of heterogeneous catalyst is provided. Said new class of heterogeneous catalyst comprises a substrate having a minimum surface area of about 10 m.sup.2 /g and having pores with a minimum pore diameter of about 5 Angstrom Units, said substrate being modified by at least one amine functional member coordinated to a metal function, said amine functional member acting as a bridging member between said substrate and said metal function.

Abstract: Conversion of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and alcohol containing mixtures in the presence of a new class of heterogeneous catalyst is provided. Said new class of heterogeneous catalyst comprises a substrate having a minimum surface area of about 10 m.sup.2 /g and having pores with a minimum pore diameter of about 5 Angstrom Units, said substrate being modified by at least one amine functional member coordinated to a metal function, said amine functional member acting as a bridging member between said substrate and said metal function.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the conversion of terpenes to .alpha.-methyl-methylstyrenes and cymenes which comprises contacting at least one terpene, selected from the group comprised of mono- and bi-cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons having the formula C.sub.10 H.sub.16 ; with an alkali metal hydroxide catalyst on a support at a temperature of 300.degree. to 500.degree. C.

Abstract: Residual products obtained in the catalytic dehydration of alpha-methylbenzyl alcohol are treated to recover increased quantities of ethylbenzene by a process which comprises thermally cracking the residual products in the substantial absence of hydrogen under elevated pressures.

Abstract: Vinyl cyclohexene is converted to ethylbenzene and styrene at 170.degree. C.-360.degree. C. in the presence of a hydrogen transfer catalyst typified by IrCl(CO)(Ph.sub.3 P).sub.2.

Abstract: A cumene oxidation product containing cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) and dimethylphenylcarbinol (DMPC) is decomposed with acid catalyst in a first step at mild temperatures that lowers the CHP concentration to about 0.5-5% and converts most of the DMPC to dicumylperoxide (DCP). In a second step at mild temperatures the CHP concentration is lowered below 0.4%. In a third step the DCP is decomposed at a higher temperature for a short time to alpha-methylstyrene (AMS), phenol and acetone, with any remaining DMPC also converted to AMS. The DCP concentration is monitored during the third step, and the reaction is stopped by cooling when about 0.5-5% of the DCP remains undecomposed so as to maximize AMS yield.

Abstract: New substituted aryl ethylenes are disclosed which are produced by dehydration of the corresponding .alpha.- or .beta.-(substituted aryl)ethyl alcohols or by dehydrohalogenation of the corresponding .alpha.- or .beta.-(substituted aryl)ethyl halides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of ring-halogenated styrene monomers of high purity. These are of value in the production of polymers which possess flame retardance. The process of the invention comprises reacting heterogenously ring halogenated beta-bromoethyl benzene with a strong aqueous alkali base in the presence of a quaternary phase transfer catalyst until substantially all the bromoethyl benzene has undergone reaction, separating the phases, washing and neutralizing the organic phase and recovering the ring-halogenated styrene monomer, which is the desired product.

Abstract: A novel method for the selective preparation of the cis isomer of a disubstituted ethylenically unsaturated compound is proposed in which a disubstituted acetylenically unsaturated compound is partially hydrogenated in the presence of, in place of a conventional Lindlar catalyst or a combination of a Lindlar catalyst with an amine, a palladium catalyst borne on an alumina carrier in combination with water and a hydroxide or a basic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. The inventive method is advantageous over conventional methods by the unnecessity of the use of an amine compound which is definitely undesirable when the product is directed to the application in perfumery and by the easiness in handling of the catalyst which can be easily separated from the reaction mixture after completion of the reaction.

Abstract: Cumene hydroperoxide is decomposed to phenol and acetone using boron trifluoride or boron trifluoride complexed with an oxygen-containing polar compound as the decomposition catalyst. The boron trifluoride in the reaction product is then complexed with an amine such as trimethyl amine for recovery and reuse in the process.

Abstract: Cumene hydroperoxide is decomposed to phenol and acetone using a Lewis acid catalyst of the group tungsten hexafluoride, silicon tetrafluoride, stannous chloride, stannic fluoride, antimony pentachloride, sulfur monochloride and sulfur tetrafluoride.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for the production of cyclic hydrocarbons for light olefinic hydrocarbons which involves contacting n-butenes with a Group VIII metal oxide catalyst in the presence of molecular oxygen at temperatures of 130.degree.-500.degree. C. and a pressure of 1-200 psi to yield vinylcyclohexene and ethylbenzene with a selectivity of at least 80 weight percent.The invention further provides a two step vapor phase process embodiment for converting n-butenes to styrene via a vinylcyclohexene/ethylbenzene intermediate mixture. When nitrobenzene is employed as the oxidizing agent in place of molecular oxygen, aniline is obtained as an additional product.

Abstract: Dehydrogenatable organic compounds diluted with steam, are dehydrogenated in the absence of free oxygen at high conversion and selectivity to less saturated compounds with a catalyst composite consisting essentially of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Ni, Pd, Pt, Ir and Os, tin and a metal selected from the group consisting of gold and silver deposited on a support such as alumina, silica or a Group II aluminate spinel.