N- Or P-containing Catalyst Patents (Class 585/527)
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Patent number: 5811619Abstract: For obtaining of improved purity of light alpha olefines produced by oligomerization of ethylene, the ethylene is placed in contact with a catalyst obtained by mixture of a zirconium compound with an organic compound selected from the class of acetals and ketals and with a chlorinated or brominated aluminium hydrocarbyl compound, and that the raw oligomerization effluent is firstly treated with an amine, then subjected to vaporization so as to collect the alpha olefines in the vaporized fraction.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1995Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Dominique Commereuc, Yves Glaize, Francois Hugues, Lucien Saussine
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Patent number: 5780698Abstract: According to the present invention, a catalyst is provided which is represented by the formula ?RC(YR').sub.2 !.sub.2 CrX, wherein R and R' are individually selected from the group consisting of carbyl and carbylsilyl groups; Y is N, C or P; and X is a halogen, halogen alkyl, Si, alkylsilyl or a carbyl group. Also provided is a process for preparing the catalyst and an oligomerization process employing the catalyst. The process produces linear alpha-olefins with low amounts of polymer, vinylidine and isomerized olefins.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1997Date of Patent: July 14, 1998Assignee: Chevron Chemical CompanyInventors: Eduardo J. Baralt, Michael J. Carney, Jana B. Cole
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Patent number: 5750816Abstract: An oligomerization of .alpha.-olefins is carried out in a solvent using a chromium-based catalyst system comprising at least (a) a chromium compound, (b) at least one nitrogen-containing compound selected from amines, amides and imides, and (c) an alkylaluminum compound, and the catalyst components and by-product polymers are recovered simultaneously from the reaction solution. Such process is an industrially advantageous process for producing .alpha.-olefin oligomers by using a chromium-based catalyst, and is simple and capable of efficiently recovering the by-product polymers and the catalyst components simultaneously.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1996Date of Patent: May 12, 1998Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationInventors: Yoshitaka Araki, Takashi Ishikawa, Hirofumi Nakamura, Akio Tsuboi, Yoshiaki Nanba, Takeshi Okano, Takayuki Aoshima, Shinji Iwade
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Patent number: 5744678Abstract: An oligomerization catalyst according to the invention comprises a nickel compound (A); an organophosphoric compound (B); an organoaluminum compound (C); and a compound of the group consisting of carbon-halogen bond-containing compounds, oxoacid and salts thereof, sulfonic acid and derivatives thereof, and compounds of any of the formulae QX.sup.4.sub.n, QR.sub.n, QR'.sub.n, QX.sup.4.sub.1 R.sub.m, QX.sup.4.sub.1 R'.sub.m, QR.sub.1 R'.sub.m, Q.sup.1 (BR.sub.4).sub.p and R"(BR.sub.4) wherein Q is an element of the group consisting of Mg, Ti, Zr, B and Sn, Q.sup.1 is an element of the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Ca and Zn, X.sup.4 is a halogen or hydrogen atom, R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 hydrocarbon group, R' is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 oxygen-containing hydrocarbon group, R" is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 hydrocarbon group or an ammonium group, n is a valence of Q, l, m is a natural member that satisfied n=l+m, and p is a valence of Q.sup.1. This catalyst is useful for the production of alpha-olefinic oligomers.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1996Date of Patent: April 28, 1998Assignee: Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.Inventors: Fuyuki Aida, Takashi Nakano, Yoshio Tajima, Kazuo Matsuura
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Patent number: 5744679Abstract: Ethylene is effectively oligomerized to linear alpha-olefins using catalyst systems based on transition metal compounds. It has been found that when the reaction is conducted in a polar organic liquid as solvent, incorporation of water into the solvent at levels of 1 to 10 weight percent increases alpha-olefin purity and also influences the Schulz-Flory distribution.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1996Date of Patent: April 28, 1998Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: Richard E. Marinangeli, Timothy A. Brandvold
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Patent number: 5731487Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing olefin having a terminal double bond by trimerizing at least one monomer selected from a group consisting of ethylene, propylene, and 1-butene, which comprises using a catalyst comprising a product prepared from(1) component (A): a chromium compound represented by the formula ?1!CrXmYn ?1!wherein X represents carboxylic acid residue, 1,3-diketone residue, halogen atom or alkoxyl group, Y represents amine, phosphine, phosphine oxide, nitrosyl group or ether, m means an integer of from 2 to 4 and n means an integer of from 0 to 4,component (B): a heterocyclic compound having a pyrrole ring unit or an imidazole ring unit, andcomponent (C): an aluminum compound represented by the formula ?2!AlR.sub.k Z.sub.Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 1996Date of Patent: March 24, 1998Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Mitsuhisa Tamura, Kenshi Uchida, Yoshiaki Ito, Kiyoshi Iwanaga
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Patent number: 5723712Abstract: A novel catalytic composition comprises a mixture of lithium halide, a hydrocarbylaluminium halide and at least one compound of a catalytic element, in particular a nickel complex. The invention also concerns a process for the oligomerisation and co-oligomerisation of olefins catalysed by said composition. The catalytic mixture, which is liquid at the start of the reaction, is gradually transformed into a solid which is then readily separated from the reaction products.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1996Date of Patent: March 3, 1998Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Yves Chauvin, Roberto de Souza, Helene Olivier
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Patent number: 5717042Abstract: A process and catalyst system for the preparation of diene oligomers and copolymeric oligomers is disclosed. The oligomers and copolymers are prepared in an alkane solvent from one or more 1,3-diene monomers using a secondary amine transfer agent and an anionic initiator. A catalyst system including a secondary amine transfer agent and an anionic initiator is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1994Date of Patent: February 10, 1998Assignee: Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc.Inventor: James E. Hall
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Patent number: 5710225Abstract: Phosphotungstic acid salts are used to polymerize C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 .alpha.-olefins and derivatives thereof to form highly reactive products having a high content of terminal vinylidene groups and .beta.-isomers in resonance therewith. Isobutylene has been polymerized to form a Mn 300-20,000 polymer.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1996Date of Patent: January 20, 1998Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: John R. Johnson, James D. Burrington
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Patent number: 5633420Abstract: Alpha-olefin oligomers are prepared by a process which comprises contacting an oligomerizable olefin monomer with a catalyst system comprising a catalytic amount of boron trifluoride, a protic promoter, and an organic modifier selected from the group consisting of phosphate, thiophosphate, phosphine oxide, and phosphine sulfide. The oligomerizable olefin monomer is a C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 linear olefin comprising at least 50 mole % alpha olefin.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 1995Date of Patent: May 27, 1997Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Kevin J. Theriot, Robert G. Irwin
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Patent number: 5589601Abstract: The invention concerns a process for dimerization, co-dimerization and oligomerization of olefins, in particular .alpha.-olefins, with a catalytic composition resulting from a mixing at least one tungsten oxyhalide, at least one aryl isocyanate of diisocyanate, and at least one alkylaluminum halide.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 1995Date of Patent: December 31, 1996Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Yves Chauvin, H el ene Olivier
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Patent number: 5563312Abstract: A process is provided to stabilize and/or reactivate an olefin production catalyst system which comprises contacting an olefin production catalyst system, either before or after use, with an aromatic compound.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1995Date of Patent: October 8, 1996Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Ronald D. Knudsen, Jeffrey W. Freeman, Mark E. Lashier
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Patent number: 5557023Abstract: The present invention relates to the oligomerization of lower alpha olefins, and particularly ethylene, to higher olefins in the presence of a catalyst precursor having either or both of a dithiophosphinate complex and a heterobifunctional ligand having a phosphine center and an imine or similar center, in the presence of an activator. The catalysts have a high reactivity and a good selectivity.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1995Date of Patent: September 17, 1996Assignee: The Governors of the University of AlbertaInventors: Arpad F. Somogyvari, Beth L. Creed, Antonio P. Nicola, Alan R. Sanger, David J. Law, Ronald G. Cavell
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Patent number: 5557026Abstract: A method for oligomerizing an .alpha.-olefin in the presence of a catalyst comprising a specific chromium compound including chromium atom and pyrrolyl group and an alkylaluminum compound, wherein the .alpha.-olefin is contacted to the chromium compound and the alkylaluminum compound without preliminarily contacting the chromium compound to either the .alpha.-olefin or the alkylaluminum compound.Type: GrantFiled: July 31, 1995Date of Patent: September 17, 1996Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationInventors: Eiji Tanaka, Hisao Urata, Toshiyuki Oshiki
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Patent number: 5557027Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst suitable for oligomerization of olefins which is prepared by a process which comprises reacting a catalyst precursor ligand having a formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is an alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, or aryloxy group having from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, with the proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not both aryl, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together form a divalent hydrocarbon moiety, and X is 1,2-arylene, O-CH.sub.2, S-CH.sub.2, or Se-CH.sub.2 with a deprotonation source, a transition metal compound and a catalyst activator. The invention further relates to an oligomerization process utilizing this catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1995Date of Patent: September 17, 1996Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Richard A. Kemp
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Patent number: 5550304Abstract: The invention concerns a catalytic composition and a process for the dimerisation, codimerisation or oligomerisation of olefins, said composition comprising a mixture of at least one bivalent nickel complex which contains two tertiary phosphine molecules, at least one nickel complex which contains neither water nor phosphine, and at least one alkylaluminium halide. The mixture is particularly for use in ionic type non aqueous liquid compositions, such as those formed by quaternary ammonium halides and/or quaternary phosphonium halides with aluminium halides and/or alkylaluminium halides.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1995Date of Patent: August 27, 1996Assignee: Institut Francais Du PetroleInventors: Yves Chauvin, Sandra Einloft, Helene Olivier
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Patent number: 5550306Abstract: The invention is concerned with a process for the dimerization, co-dimerization and oligomerization of olefins with a catalytic composition resulting from mixing at least one quaternary ammonium halide and/or at least one quaternary phosphonium halide, at least one aluminum halide, at least one aromatic hydrocarbon and optionally an aluminium organometallic compound.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1995Date of Patent: August 27, 1996Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Yves Chauvin, Sandra Einloft, Helene Olivier
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Patent number: 5545789Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the dimerization of a conjugated diene using an iron triad metal nitrosyl halide, in combination with a reducing agent, as catalyst. The process is characterized in that the dimerization is carried out in the presence of nitrogen monoxide (NO). The invention is of interest in particular for the dimerization of butadiene to 4-vinyl cyclohexene.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 1995Date of Patent: August 13, 1996Assignee: DSM N.V.Inventors: Henricus A. M. Duisters, Johan G.D. Haenen
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Patent number: 5523437Abstract: A tertiary phosphine compound of the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent independently from each other a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, or together form --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH--; R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms or a lower alkyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom, a lower alkoxy group, a lower alkoxyalkoxy group or a phenyl group; X.sup.1 is a halogen atom when both R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen atoms, or a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group when at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is not a hydrogen atoms; and m is an integer of 1 to 5, which is useful as a ligand of a transition metal complex that can catalyze various reactions.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 1994Date of Patent: June 4, 1996Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tamio Hayashi, Yasuhiro Uozumi, Kazunori Iwakura, Isao Kurimoto, Masayoshi Minai
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Patent number: 5523508Abstract: Linear alpha-olefin formation via oligomerization of ethylene using transition metal catalysis leads to a Schultz-Flory distribution of oligomers. At modest temperatures formation of heavy oligomers which are waxy solids only partly soluble in the LAO product mix causes reactor plugging and curtailing the time of continuous runs. Recycling a portion of a lighter oligomeric fraction obviates this problem and permits runs uninterrupted by solids formation.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1994Date of Patent: June 4, 1996Assignee: UOPInventors: Mark A. Krawczyk, Richard E. Marinangeli, R. Joe Lawson
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Patent number: 5491272Abstract: A method for oligomerizing an .alpha.-olefin in the presence of a catalyst comprising a specific chromium compound including chromium atom and pyrrolyl group and an alkylaluminum compound, wherein the .alpha.-olefin is contacted to the chromium compound and the alkylaluminum compound without preliminarily contacting the chromium compound to either the .alpha.-olefin or the alkylaluminum compound.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1993Date of Patent: February 13, 1996Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationInventors: Eiji Tanaka, Hisao Urata, Toshiyuki Oshiki
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Patent number: 5463158Abstract: An improved process is described for the catalytic oligomerization of light olefins, such as ethylene or propylene. Higher hydrocarbons, such as gasoline grade hydrocarbons, are produced from the light olefins using a liquid catalyst which comprises a Lewis acid and a Lewis base component which forms with the Lewis acid a melt which is liquid at room temperature. The Lewis acid is a metal halide, such as aluminum trichloride and the Lewis base is an organic salt, such as an organic halide salt containing an N-heterocyclic ring or salts containing fully substituted onium ions.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 1994Date of Patent: October 31, 1995Assignee: Her Majesty the Queen in right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Energy, Mines and ResourcesInventors: Maciej Goledzinowski, Viola I. Birss
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Patent number: 5365007Abstract: A composition and a process for catalyzing ethylene oligomerization employing the composition as catalyst are disclosed. The composition comprises a nickel compound, a phosphine compound, and a phosphated alumina where the phosphated alumina is both a component of and a support for the composition. The ethylene oligomerization process comprises (1) combining a nickel compound and a phosphine compound in a solvent to form a mixture; (2) combining the mixture with a phosphated alumina under ethylene pressure to form a catalyst system; (3) contacting ethylene with the catalyst system under oligomerization conditions to produce higher olefins having more than 2 carbon atoms.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1993Date of Patent: November 15, 1994Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: An-hsiang Wu
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Patent number: 5349115Abstract: A process for preparing a dimer of a lower .alpha.-olefin in the presence of Catalyst (A) containing a nickel compound, a trialkylaluminum, a halogenated phenol, a phosphorus compound and a sulfur compound, Catalyst (B) containing a nickel compound, a trialkylaluminum, a fluorinated isopropyl alcohol, a phosphorus compound, a sulfonic acid and water, or Catalyst (C) containing a nickel compound, a trialkylaluminum, a halogenated phenol, a phosphorus compound, a sulfonic acid and water, by which method, the dimer of the lower .alpha.-olefin is prepared in a high yield and high selectivity.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1993Date of Patent: September 20, 1994Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kotohiro Nomura, Masaru Ishino, Michio Yamamoto, Gohfu Suzukamo, Makoto Itagaki
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Patent number: 5345023Abstract: Process for oligomerizing ethylene into light alpha olefins, mainly 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and 1-decene, in which the ethylene is contacted with a catalyst obtained by mixing a zirconium compound with an organic compound chosen from within the class of acetals and ketals and with a chlorine or bromine-containing compound of aluminum hydrocarbyl.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1993Date of Patent: September 6, 1994Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Yves Chauvin, Dominique Commereuc, Francois Hugues, Helene Olivier, Lucien Saussine
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Patent number: 5326920Abstract: A process for the production of polyisobutylene (PIB) from isobutene-containing feed comprises contacting said feed with a catalyst composition comprising halides of a metal component anchored on an adsorbent inorganic oxide solid by an oxygen-metal bond to provide a reaction mixture containing said polyisobutylene; and thereafter separating and recovering said polyisobutylene.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 1993Date of Patent: July 5, 1994Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Suzzy C. Ho, Margaret M. Wu
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Patent number: 5233115Abstract: An ethylene oligomerization process is provided wherein ethylene is contacted with a nickel(II) halide compound, a phosphine compound, and a carboxylate compound in a solvent to produce a precursor reaction mixture, followed by contacting ethylene with the precursor reaction mixture and a borohydride compound to produce a product reaction mixture comprising the desired oligomerization product.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1992Date of Patent: August 3, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: An-hsiang Wu
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Patent number: 5227561Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the co-dimerization of a vinyl aromatic monomer (e.g. styrene) with an .alpha.-monoolefin monomer (e.g. ethylene, propylene or 1-butylene), using a catalyst composition comprising palladium, an anion of a strong acid and an aliphatic diphosphine.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1992Date of Patent: July 13, 1993Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Eit Drent
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Patent number: 5221774Abstract: An ethylene oligomerization process is provided wherein ethylene is contacted with a nickel(II) halide compound, a phosphine compound and a zinc component in a solvent to produce a precursor reaction mixture, followed by contacting ethylene with the precursor reaction mixture and a fluorinated organoacid to produce a product reaction mixture comprising the desired oligomerization product.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1992Date of Patent: June 22, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: An-hsiang Wu
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Patent number: 5221775Abstract: An ethylene dimerization process is provided wherein ethylene is contacted with an organonickel (0) compound and a phosphine compound in a fluorinated alcohol solvent to produce a precursor reaction mixture, followed by contacting ethylene with the precursor reaction mixture and a fluorinated organoacid to produce a product reaction mixture comprising a C.sub.4 fraction of predominantly 2-butenes.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1992Date of Patent: June 22, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: An-Hsiang Wu
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Patent number: 5220088Abstract: A process for the dimerization of n-butene wherein a Ziegler catalyst system composed of a nickel compound and an organoalkylaluminum is added, as a third component, with an amine and/or a quaternary ammonium chloride. The amine can be a primary, secondary or tertiary amine. This process makes it possible to selectively prepare isooctene having a low degree of branching while maintaining high catalytic activity.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1991Date of Patent: June 15, 1993Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Kenji Fujiwara, Toshiyuki Fukushima, Masaru Takeshita, Nobukiyo Okawa, Noboru Takada, Akira Othu
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Patent number: 5196625Abstract: A dimerization process for producing linear and/or mono-branched C.sub.10 to C.sub.28 olefins using dimerization catalysts and new C.sub.10 to C.sub.28 olefins mixtures are disclosed. The C.sub.10 to C.sub.28 olefin product is especially useful for the production of biodegradable alkylbenzene sulfonates detergents and intermediates therefor.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1992Date of Patent: March 23, 1993Assignee: Chevron Research & Technology CompanyInventors: Richard S. Threlkel, Victor P. Kurkov
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Patent number: 5196624Abstract: A dimerization process for producing linear and/or mono-branched C.sub.10 to C.sub.28 olefins using dimerization catalysts and new C.sub.10 to C.sub.28 olefins mixtures are disclosed. The C.sub.10 to C.sub.28 olefin product is especially useful for the production of biodegradable alkylbenzene sulfonates detergents and intermediates therefor.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1992Date of Patent: March 23, 1993Assignee: Chevron Research and Technology CompanyInventors: Richard S. Threlkel, Victor P. Kurkov, Gar L. Woo
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Patent number: 5190730Abstract: A liquid phase process for oligomerization of C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 isoolefins or the etherification thereof with C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alcohols wherein the reactants are contacted in a reactor with a fixed bed acid cation exchange resin catalyst at an LHSV of 5 to 20, pressure of 0 to 400 psig and temperature of 120.degree. to 300.degree. F. Wherein the improvement is the operation of the reactor at a pressure to maintain the reaction mixture at its boiling point whereby at least a portion but less than all of the reaction mixture is vaporized. By operating at the boiling point and allowing a portion of the reaction mixture to vaporize, the exothermic heat of reaction is dissipated by the formation of more boil up and the temperature in the reactor is controlled.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1991Date of Patent: March 2, 1993Assignee: Chemical Research & Licensing CompanyInventors: Lawrence A. Smith, Jr., Dennis Hearn, Edward M. Jones, Jr.
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Patent number: 5191130Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for preparing synthetic lubricant base stocks. Synthetic lubricant base stocks are prepared in good yield by oligomerizing linear olefins using montmorillonite clays which have a halogenated phosphorous- containing acid deposited thereon.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1991Date of Patent: March 2, 1993Assignee: Texaco Chemical CompanyInventors: John R. Sanderson, John F. Knifton
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Patent number: 5180872Abstract: The title compounds can be prepared by reaction of a styrene derivative with ethylene in the presence of a nickel catalyst which carries a phosphorus-oxygen chelate ligand, at a temperature of 20.degree.to 160.degree. C. and an ethylene pressure of 1 to 200 bar. Styrene derivatives extended with ethylene, of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.19 denotes hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, vinyl or chlorine and R.sup.38 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 -acyl, flourine, chlorine or bromine andm assumes values of 4-104,with the exception of compounds wherein R.sup.19 denotes hydrogen and R.sup.38 denotes i-butyl or benzoyl, and m assumes the value 4, are new.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1991Date of Patent: January 19, 1993Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventor: Karl-Heinz A. O. Starzewski
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Patent number: 5177289Abstract: A liquid phase process for oligomerization of C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 isoolefins or the etherification thereof with C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alcohols wherein the reactants are contacted in a reactor with a fixed bed acid cation exchange resin catalyst at an LHSV of 5 to 20, pressure of 0 to 400 psig and temperature of 120.degree. to 300.degree. F. wherein the improvement is the operation of the reactor at a pressure to maintain the reaction mixture at its boiling point whereby at least a portion but less than all of the reaction mixture is vaporized. By operating at the boiling point and allowing a portion of the reaction mixture to vaporize, the exothermic heat of reaction is dissipated by the formation of more boil up and the temperature in the reactor is controlled.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 1991Date of Patent: January 5, 1993Assignee: Chemical Research & Licensing CompanyInventors: Lawrence Smith, Jr., Dennis Hearn, Edward M. Jones, Jr.
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Patent number: 5169914Abstract: A method for producing polymers with narrow molecular weight distribution which involves combining (1) an initiator component of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl groups, and can be the same or different, and X is an acetate, etherate, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen, and i is a positive whole number, (2) a Lewis acid of the formula MX.sub.n in which M is titanium, aluminum, boron, or tin, X is a halogen, and n is a positive whole number, (3) an electron donor component having an electron donor number of from at least about 25 to no more than about 50, (4) a solvent for the preceding and (5) a hydrocarbon monomer component.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1992Date of Patent: December 8, 1992Assignee: Edison Polymer Innovation CorporationInventors: Gabor Kaszas, Judit E. Puskas, Joseph P. Kennedy
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Patent number: 5162595Abstract: An ethylene dimerization process is provided wherein ethylene is contacted with an organonickel(II) compound, a phosphite compound and an alkylaluminum compound in a solvent to produce a precursor reaction mixture, followed by contacting ethylene with the precursor reaction mixture and a fluorinated organoacid to produce a product reaction mixture comprising a C.sub.4 fraction of predominantly 2-butenes.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1991Date of Patent: November 10, 1992Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: An-hsiang Wu
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Patent number: 5120901Abstract: A process for removing vinylidene olefin from an olefin mixture containing about 1 to 55 mole percent vinylidene olefin, 0 to 20 mole percent internal olefin and the balance vinyl olefin, said process comprising:(a) reacting said olefin mixture in the presence of a BF.sub.3 /phosphorus acid catalyst system so as to selectively dimerize vinylidene olefins, and(b) separating said vinyl olefin and internal olefin from the dimerized vinylidene olefin to produce an olefin product having a reduced vinylidene olefin content and an increased vinyl olefin content compared to said starting olefin mixture.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1991Date of Patent: June 9, 1992Assignee: Ethyl CorporationInventors: Thomas J. DiLeo, Cynthia W. Hermann, Carroll W. Lanier, Joachim W. Wolfram
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Patent number: 5105051Abstract: A process for oligomerizing alpha olefins to produce hydrocarbon oligomers useful as lubricants and lubricant additives uses a catalyst comprising a supported reduced group VIB metal, preferably chromium, in the form of its oxide. The support is a mesoporous, inorganic, crystalline solid of unique structure, of novel pore geometry. The preferred forms of these mesoporous materials are characterized by substantially uniform hexagonal honeycomb microstructure, with uniform pores having a cell diameter greater than 13 .ANG., preferably in the mesoporous range of about 20-100 .ANG.. The use of the catalysts made with the mesoporous support materials enables products of greater viscosity to be made as compared to the products from catalysts using amorphous supports. The catalyst is usually used under oligomerization conditions at a temperature of about 90.degree. to 250.degree. C. to produce liquid hydrocarbon oligomers in the lubricant range which have a branch ratio of less than 0.Type: GrantFiled: April 29, 1991Date of Patent: April 14, 1992Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Bruce P. Pelrine, Kirk D. Schmitt, James C. Vartuli
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Patent number: 5097085Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for preparing synthetic lubricant base stocks. Synthetic lubricant base stocks are prepared in good yield by oligomerizing linear olefins using montmorillonite clays which have a phosphorous-containing acid deposited thereon.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1990Date of Patent: March 17, 1992Assignee: Texaco Chemical CompanyInventors: John R. Sanderson, John F. Knifton
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Patent number: 5081322Abstract: Polyolefin waxes are obtained in high yield by copolymerizing propylene with small amounts of other olefins in the presence of a catalyst composed of a metallocene of the formula I: ##STR1## and an alumoxane. The waxes are produced as compact, spherical particles having a narrow particle size distribution and high apparent density. In addition, the physical data of these waxes such as, for example, hardness, melting point, melt viscosity etc., are variable within wide limits.The polymer chains are noteworthy for a homogeneous and uniform structure, the comonomer units being predominantly arranged individually between polypropylene blocks.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1990Date of Patent: January 14, 1992Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Andreas Winter, Volker Dolle, Jurgen Rohrmann, Martin Antberg, Ludwig Bohm, Walter Spaleck
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Patent number: 5068485Abstract: Aluminophosphate molecular sieves substituted with cobalt, manganese or iron and having the AlPO.sub.4 -34 or AlPO.sub.4 -5, or related AlPO.sub.4 structure activate methane starting at approximately 350.degree. C. Between 400.degree. and 500.degree. C. and at methane pressures .ltoreq.1 atmosphere the rate of methane conversion increases steadily with typical conversion efficiencies at 500.degree. C. approaching 50% and selectivity to the production of C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons approaching 100%. The activation mechanism is based on reduction of the transition metal(III) form of the molecular sieve to the transition metal(II) form with accompanying oxidative dehydrogenation of the methane. Reoxidation of the - transition metal(II) form to the transition metal(III) form can be done either chemically (e.g., using O.sub.2) or electrochemically.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1990Date of Patent: November 26, 1991Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Lennox E. Iton, Victor A. Maroni
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Patent number: 5059739Abstract: A substantially hydrogen chloride-free active catalyst system for dimerization and codimerization of alpha-olefins. The catalyst system includes, as one catalyst, a complex of a tungsten salt and an aniline, and, as a second catalyst, an alkyl aluminum halide.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1989Date of Patent: October 22, 1991Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Dan E. Hendriksen
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Patent number: 5043510Abstract: This invention relates to a process for alkylation at carbon and phosphorus sites in an aqueous medium using precious metal catalysts containing sulfonated triarylphosphines (STP) of the generic formula P(C.sub.6 H.sub.4 SO.sub.3 --)X(C.sub.6 H.sub.5)Y (X+Y=3).Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1989Date of Patent: August 27, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Albert L. Casalnuovo, William A. Nugent, Jr.
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Patent number: 5012030Abstract: Viscous, liquid polybutenes of at least 50 wt. % vinylidene content are disclosed together with a procedure for preparing the compounds using an aluminum chloride-organic nitro compound catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1989Date of Patent: April 30, 1991Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Kelley R. Lane, Wayne P. Schammel
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Patent number: 5003124Abstract: A liquid phase process for oligomerization of C.sub.4 and C.sub.5 isoolefins or the etherification thereof with C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alcohols wherein the reactants are contacted in a reactor with a fixed bed acid cation exchange resin catalyst at an LHSV of 5 to 20, pressure of 0 to 400 psig and temperature of 120 to 300.degree. F. wherein the improvement is the operation of the reactor at a pressure to maintain the reaction mixture at its boiling point whereby at least a portion but less than all of the reaction mixture is vaporized. By operating at the boiling point and allowing a portion of the reaction mixture to vaporize, the exothermic heat of reaction is dissipated by the formation of more boil up and the temperature in the reactor is controlled.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1988Date of Patent: March 26, 1991Assignee: Chemical Research & Licensing CompanyInventors: Lawrence A. Smith, Jr., Dennis hearn, Edward M. Jones, Jr.
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Patent number: 4973789Abstract: A process for preparing a lower alkene polymer from a lower alkene feedstream, including the steps of: (A) contacting the lower alkene monomer with a catalyst system comprising boron trifluoride and at least one acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, phosphoric acids and strong acid resins and (B) polymerizing the lower alkene monomer in the presence of the catalyst system at a temperature of about -3.degree. C. to about -30.degree. C. thereby obtaining a lower alkene polymer having a molecular weight of about 250 to about 500.Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 1987Date of Patent: November 27, 1990Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: Jack L. Karn, Willis P. Nichols
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Patent number: RE34706Abstract: The title compounds can be prepared by reaction of a styrene derivative with ethylene in the presence of a nickel catalyst which carries a phosphorus-oxygen chelate ligand, at a temperature of 20.degree. to 160.degree. C. and an ethylene pressure of 1 to 200 bar. Styrene derivatives extended with ethylene, of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.19 denotes hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, vinyl or chlorine and R.sup.38 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 -acyl, flourine, chlorine or bromine andm assumes values of 4-104,with the exception of compounds wherein R.sup.19 denotes hydrogen and R.sup.38 denotes i-butyl or benzoyl, and m assumes the value 4, are new.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 1993Date of Patent: August 23, 1994Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventor: Karl-Heinz A. O. Starzewski