Abstract: Novel phosphonium salts of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may optionally be substituted; R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may optionally be substituted; R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each is a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms which may optionally be substituted; X is a hydroxyl group, a hydroxycarbonyloxy group or a lower alkylcarbonyloxy group, and processes for production of the salts are described. Telomerization catalysts containing said phosphonium salts and processes for production of straight-chain alkadienyl compounds using the same catalysts are also provided.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom and the other of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is the same as R.sup.1, which comprises reacting a compound of the general formulaR.sup.1 CH.dbd.C.dbd.CH.sub.2 (II)with a salt of formic acid in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a palladium salt and a phosphorus compound of general formulaP(OX).sub.n (X).sub.3-n (III)in which n is 0,1,2 or 3 and each X independently represents an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl or cycloalkyl group, and recovering the desired compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an E,Z-9-alkenyl-1-aldehyde component which comprises:(a) disproportionating cyclooctene and an .alpha.-olefin in the presence of a suitable disproportionation catalyst under disproportionation conditions suitable to form a 1,9-alkadiene;(b) reacting the 1,9-alkadiene obtained in step (a) with a suitable metallating agent under conditions suitable to form a 1-metallo-9-alkene;(c) contacting the 1-metallo-9-alkene obtained in step (b) with oxygen under conditions suitable to form a 1-oxymetallo-9-alkene;(d) hydrolyzing the 1-oxymetallo-9-alkene suit a suitable hydrolyzing agent, under suitable hydrolyzing conditions to form E,Z-9-alkenyl-1-alcohol.(e) oxidizing said E,Z-9-alkenyl-1-alcohol with a suitable oxidizing agent under oxidizing conditions suitable to form E,Z-9-alkenyl-1-aldehyde.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the isomerization of branched dienes which comprises contacting at isomerization conditions a branched diene with a boron phosphate catalyst wherein the initial ratio of phosphorus (P) to boron (B) is less than 1.0 but greater than 0.6. The contacting is conducted at a temperature of from 100.degree. C. to 450.degree. C. and at a pressure from subatmospheric to superatmospheric.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulae I and II ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 8 carbon atoms, phenyl, phenyl substituted by alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 7 to 9 carbon atoms or said aralkyl substituted by alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms,R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are independently alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 8 carbon atoms, phenyl, phenyl substituted by alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 7 to 9 carbon atoms or said aralkyl substituted by alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms;A is a direct bond, a methylene or an ethylene radical,B is an alkanediyl radical of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, the radical of formula --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --S--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or of the formula III--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --(O--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a first sulfone compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.a is ##STR2## where R.sub.b is Br and R.sub.c is H except that R.sub.b and R.sub.c together may be an electron pair when R.sub.6 is a radical of the formula: ##STR3## wherein X.sub.1 is independently chlorine, bromine or iodine and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently at each occurrence hydrogen or, substituted or unsubstituted, phenyl or alkyl where the substituents are halogen or alkoxy or additional --SO.sub.2 Br groups; provided that, each carbon atom of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 which contains --SO.sub.2 Br also contains an X.sub.1 group and wherein R.sub.3 through R.sub.9 are independently --OZ,--C.sub.6 M.sub.5,--Z,--SiZ.sub.3 or --X.sub.2, where Z is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl; X.sub.2 is chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine; M is independently at each occurrence Z or X.sub.2 ; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 may together be an electron pair; two or more of R.sub.3, R.sub.

Abstract: Certain benzylic and allylic compounds are catalytically oxidatively dehydrodimerized wherein the molecular oxygen oxidant is separated from the substrate by a gas impervious catalyst membrane that conducts oxide ions from the surface of the catalyst membrane wall to the opposite surface thereof which is in contact with the substrate.

Abstract: A method for preparing 2,7-octadienyl formate by reacting 1,3-butadiene with formic acid in the presence of a platinum(II) catalyst is described. The platinum(II) catalyst is preferably platinum acetylacetonate. A reaction temperature between 50.degree. and 150.degree. C. is preferred, and carbon dioxide and a solvent may also be employed. Tetrahydrofuran and acetone are the preferred aprotic solvents.

Abstract: A method for preparing 1,6-octadiene by reacting 1,3-butadiene with formic acid in the presence of a platinum(II) catalyst and a polymeric tertiary amine catalyst is described. The combination of a platinum(II) catalyst such as platinum acetylacetonate with a polymeric tertiary amine promoter such as AMBERLYST.RTM. A21 macroreticular ion-exchange resin gives a high selectivity to 1,6-octadiene as opposed to the 1,7-octadiene form. A reaction temperature between 50.degree. and 150.degree. C. is preferred, and carbon dioxide and a solvent may also be employed.

Abstract: A process for the isomerization of isolated double bonds to conjugated double bonds in optionally substituted cyclooctadienes using alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amides, if desired in the presence of a solvent, requires that the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amide be produced with exclusion of moisture and under a protective gas atmosphere in the presence of the cyclooctadiene to be isomerized; and that the isomerization be conducted at temperatures of 70.degree.-200.degree. C.

Abstract: A novel disproportionation catalyst comprising the product resulting from the combination of elemental sulfur and a disproportionation catalyst consisting essentially of a refractory oxide containing molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing novel polyaromatic amides containing 1,3-butadiene groups along the polymer chain by effecting a reaction between the acid chloride of 1,4-bis-p-carboxyphenyl-1,3-butadiene and an aromatic diamine. These polyamides have been found to be especially useful as laminating resins for a variety of laminating applications.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing aliphatic compounds containing two conjugated double bonds cis-cis or cis-trans, characterized in that a compound of the general formula ##STR1## (in which R is H, alkyl from C.sub.1 to C.sub.10, or OY in which Y is a protective group selected from the class consisting of tetrahydropyranyl and 1-ethoxyethyl; X is an ester function selected from the class consisting of the acetates) is reacted with an alkyl-magnesium halide of the general formula:Z--Mg--R.sup.1 (II)(in which Z is chlorine, bromine or iodine, and R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, or a group (CH.sub.2).sub.n OY in which Y has the same meaning as in formula (I), and n is a number from 3 to 10) in the presence of Li.sub.2 CuCl.sub.4, CuCl, CuBr, or CuI at temperatures ranging from about -30.degree. to +10.degree. C. in the presence of ethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran as solvent, to obtain an aliphatic compound of the general formula:R--CH.sub.2 --C.tbd.C--CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 R.sup.

Abstract: Dihydromyrcenol (3,7-dimethylocta-1-en-7-ol) and carboxylic acid esters thereof are prepared from dimethylcyclooctene reactant mixtures comprising 1,5-dimethylcyclooctene in admixture with 1,6-dimethylcyclooctene and/or 1,4-dimethylcyclooctene by (a) thermally isomerizing the dimethylcyclooctene reactant mixture to afford a mixed octadiene product comprising 2,6-dimethylocta-1,7-diene in admixture with 2,7-and/or 2,5-dimethylocta-1,7-diene, (b) reacting the mixed octadiene product with a carboxylic acid to selectively form the ester of 3,7-dimethyl-octa-1-en-7-ol and (c) optionally hydrolyzing the ester of 3,7-dimethyl-octa-1-en-7-ol under basic conditions to yield dihydromyrcenol.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,7-octadiene by dimerizing butadiene in the presence of a catalytic amount of palladium acetate and a tertiary phosphine, a solvent in an amount sufficient to dissolve the catalyst, a strong base and formic acid, wherein: (a) the molar ratio of the strong base to the formic acid is 1:1-2, (b) the mole ratio of tertiary phosphine to palladium is at least 1, (c) the amount of strong base present is such that the pH of the reaction medium is from 7.5 to 10.5 and (d) the solvent is at least one member selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, lower alkyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated lower aliphatic hydrocarbons, nitriles, amides, dilower alkyl ethers, lower alkyl phenyl ethers, lower alkyl esters of lower alkanoic acids, ketones and lower alkanols.

Abstract: Double bond isomerization and disproportionation of olefins is obtained by contact with a catalyst in a single-stage composition containing a support, uranium, and at least one of tungsten, molybdenum, or rhenium.