Elemental O Or S Acceptor With Extraneous Nonhydrocarbon Agent, E.g., Catalyst, Etc. Patents (Class 585/658)
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Publication number: 20040199038Abstract: A process for the production of a reaction product including a carbon containing compound. The process includes providing a film of a fuel source including at least one organic compound on a wall of a reactor, contacting the fuel source with a source of oxygen, forming a vaporized mixture of fuel and oxygen, and contacting the vaporized mixture of fuel and oxygen with a catalyst under conditions effective to produce a reaction product including a carbon containing compound. Preferred products include &agr;-olefins and synthesis gas. A preferred catalyst is a supported metal catalyst, preferably including rhodium, platinum, and mixtures thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 15, 2003Publication date: October 7, 2004Applicant: Regents of the University of MinnesotaInventors: Lanny D. Schmidt, Jakob J. Krummenacher, Kevin N. West
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Publication number: 20040176656Abstract: Catalysts and methods useful for the production of olefins from alkanes via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) are disclosed. The ODH catalysts include a base metal selected from the group consisting of lanthanide metals, their oxides, and combinations thereof. The base metal is more preferably selected from the group consisting of samarium, cerium, praseodymium, terbium, their corresponding oxides and combinations thereof. The base metal loading is preferably between about 0.5 and about 20 weight percent and more preferably between about 2 and about 10 weight percent. Optionally, the ODH catalysts are further comprised of a Group VIII promoter metal present at trace levels. The Group VIII promoter metal is preferably platinum, palladium or a combination thereof and is preferably present at a promoter metal loading of between about 0.005 and about 0.1 weight percent. Optionally, the ODH catalyst is supported on a refractory support.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 23, 2004Publication date: September 9, 2004Applicant: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: Joe D. Allison, Sriram Ramani, Zhen Chen, Lisa M. Carmichael, Shang Y. Chen, Steve R. McDonald, Anne Gaffney
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Publication number: 20040171900Abstract: The present invention includes methods and apparatus for start-up a chemical reactor wherein at least a portion of the igniter is downstream from the reaction zone which needs to be ignited. Particularly, embodiments of the present invention include a partial oxidation reactor with an igniter downstream of the partial oxidation zone.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 28, 2003Publication date: September 2, 2004Applicant: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: Daxiang Wang, Chad Ricketson, Gloria I. Straguzzi, Harold A. Wright, Larry D. Swinney, Joe D. Allison, Zhen Chen, Kevin L. Ricketson, Shang Y. Chen, Steven R. McDonald
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Publication number: 20040162453Abstract: Lower alkenes of from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as propene, are produced by the vapor phase catalytic oxidative dehyrogenation of lower alkane, such as propane, using a mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1) as decribed, containing manganese and at least one additional metal as essential elements, e.g., Mn1Sb0.15Ox, Mn1P0.2Ox, Mn1SO0.15W0.05Cr0.1Ox. The lower alkene may be further oxidatively dehydrogenated using a mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1), especially formula (2), as described, to produce a mixture of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated acid. The unsaturated aldehyde may be further oxidatively dehydrogenated in the vapor phase in the presence of mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1), especially formula (3).Type: ApplicationFiled: February 13, 2004Publication date: August 19, 2004Inventors: Nobuji Kishimoto, Etsushige Matsunami
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Publication number: 20040158112Abstract: A catalyst useful for the production of olefins from alkanes via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) is disclosed. The catalyst includes a silicon carbide support. The catalyst may optionally include a base metal, metal oxide, or combination thereof. A base metal is herein defined as a non-Group VIII metal, with the exception of iron, cobalt and nickel. Suitable base metals include Group IB-VIIB metals, Group IIIA-VA metals, Lanthanide metals, iron, cobalt and nickel. Suitable metal oxides include alumina, stabilized aluminas, zirconia, stabilized zirconias (PSZ), titania, ytteria, silica, niobia, and vanadia. Additionally, the catalyst may optionally include a Group VIII promoter. Suitable Group VIII promoters include Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 10, 2003Publication date: August 12, 2004Applicant: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: Sriram Ramani, Joe D. Allison, Lisa M. Carmichael, Zhen Chen
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Patent number: 6756517Abstract: Lower alkenes of from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as propene, are produced by the vapor phase catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation of lower alkane, such as propane, using a mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1) as decribed, containing manganese and at least one additional metal as essential elements, e.g., Mn1Sb0.15Ox, Mn1P0.2Ox, Mn1S0.15W0.05Cr0.1Ox. The lower alkene may be further oxidatively dehydrogenated using a mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1), especially formula (2), as described, to produce a mixture of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated acid. The unsaturated aldehyde may be further oxidatively dehydrogenated in the vapor phase in the presence of mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1), especially formula (3).Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 2001Date of Patent: June 29, 2004Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.Inventors: Nobuji Kishimoto, Etsushige Matsunami
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Publication number: 20040097754Abstract: Improved processes for the preparation of olefins, unsaturated carboxylic acids and unsaturated nitrites involve the use of dehydrogenation catalysts suitable for the conversion of alkanes to alkenes and catalysts suitable for the conversion of alkanes and/or alkenes to unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated nitriles.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 13, 2003Publication date: May 20, 2004Inventors: Leonard Edward Bogan, Anne Mae Gaffney, Scott Han, Michele Doreen Heffner, Ruozhi Song, Donald Lee Zolotorofe
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Publication number: 20040097774Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process such as an auto-thermal cracking process in which a hydrocarbon feed and a molecular oxygen-containing gas are contacted in a reaction zone in the presence of a catalyst to produce an outlet stream having an oxygen concentration which is at, near or above the flammable limit and in which process a loss of reaction is detected and used as a signal to activate means for mitigating the risk of explosion downstream of the reaction zone. The loss of reaction may be detected for example by a sudden increase in oxygen concentration in the outlet stream and/or a sudden drop in temperature of the outlet stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 18, 2003Publication date: May 20, 2004Inventors: Phillip Hall, Ian Allan Beattie Reid, David Charles Wilson
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Publication number: 20040072685Abstract: A catalyst useful for the production of olefins from alkanes via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) is disclosed. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a catalyst for use in ODH processes includes a MCrAlY support. M is preferably a base metal, or combination of base metals. A base metal is herein defined as a non-Group VIII metal, with the exception of iron, cobalt and nickel. Suitable base metals include Group IB-VIIB metals, Group IIIA-VA metals, Lanthanide metals, iron, cobalt and nickel. In a preferred embodiment, M is iron. Additionally, the catalyst may optionally include a Group VIII promoter. Suitable Group VIII promoters include Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt. In another preferred embodiment, M is a combination of a Lanthanide metal and iron with a front-loaded Group VIII promoter.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 11, 2002Publication date: April 15, 2004Applicant: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Zhen Y. Chen, Sriram Ramani, Lisa M. Carmichael, Joe D. Allison
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Publication number: 20040068148Abstract: Catalysts and methods useful for the production of olefins from alkanes via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) are disclosed. The ODH catalysts are comprised of a Group VIII promoter metal present at trace levels. The Group VIII promoter metal is preferably platinum, palladium or a combination thereof and is preferably present at a promoter metal loading of between about 0.005 and about 0.1 weight percent. Optionally, the ODH catalysts include a base metal, metal oxide, or combination thereof. The optional base metal is selected from the group consisting of Group IB-IIB metals, Group IVB-VIIB metals, Group IIA-VA metals, scandium, yttrium, actinium, iron, cobalt, nickel, their oxides, and combinations thereof. The base metal is more preferably selected from the group consisting copper, tin, chromium, gold, manganese and their respective oxides and any combinations thereof. The base metal loading is preferably between about 0.5 and about 10 weight percent.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 8, 2002Publication date: April 8, 2004Applicant: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Joe D. Allison, Sriram Ramani, Zhen Chen, Lisa M. Carmichael, Shang Y. Chen, Steve R. McDonald, Anne Gaffney
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Publication number: 20040068153Abstract: Catalysts and methods useful for the production of olefins from alkanes via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) are disclosed. The ODH catalysts include a base metal selected from the group consisting of lanthanide metals, their oxides, and combinations thereof. The base metal is more preferably selected from the group consisting of samarium, cerium, praseodymium, terbium, their corresponding oxides and combinations thereof. The base metal loading is preferably between about 0.5 and about 20 weight percent and more preferably between about 2 and about 10 weight percent. Optionally, the ODH catalysts are further comprised of a Group VIII promoter metal present at trace levels. The Group VIII promoter metal is preferably platinum, palladium or a combination thereof and is preferably present at a promoter metal loading of between about 0.005 and about 0.1 weight percent. Optionally, the ODH catalyst is supported on a refractory support.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 8, 2002Publication date: April 8, 2004Applicant: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Joe D. Allison, Sriram Ramani, Zhen Chen, Lisa M. Carmichael, Shang Y. Chen, Steve R. McDonald, Anne Gaffney
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Publication number: 20040034266Abstract: The invention provides methods of oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH). Conducting ODH in microchannels has unexpectedly been found to yield superior performance when compared to the same reactions at the same conditions in larger reactors. ODH methods employing a Mo—V—Mg—O catalyst is also described. Microchannel apparatus for conducting ODH is also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 19, 2003Publication date: February 19, 2004Inventors: John H. Brophy, Kai Jarosch, Terry J. Mazanec, Matthew B. Schmidt, Laura J. Silva, Anna Lee Tonkovich, Fred Pesa, David J. Hesse
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Publication number: 20040015031Abstract: A process for the production of olefins such as ethylene from a hydrocarbon such as ethane. The process involves passing a mixture of the hydrocarbon and an oxagen-containing gas through a catalyst zone which is capable of supporting combustion beyond the fuel rich limit of flammability to produce the olefin. The catalyst zone comprises at least a first catalyst bed and a second catalyst bed. The second catalyst bed is located downstream of the first catalyst bed, is of a different composition to the first catalyst bed and comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, and Groups IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VB, VIIB and VIII of the Periodic Table. Suitably, the first catalyst bed comprises platinum and the second catalyst bed comprises tin- or copper-promoted nickel, cobalt or iridium catalyst or a copper-only catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 13, 2003Publication date: January 22, 2004Inventor: Brian Edward Messenger
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Publication number: 20040010174Abstract: A catalyst system and process for use in ODH that allows high conversion of hydrocarbon feedstock at high gas velocities, while maintaining high selectivity of the process to the desired products. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, a catalyst for use in ODH processes includes a dehydrogenative catalytically active component and an oxidative catalytically active component. The catalyst preferably has the general formula &agr;AOx-&bgr;BOy-&ggr;COz, wherein A is a precious metal and/or transition metal, B is a rare earth metal, C is an element chosen from Groups IIA, IIIA, and IVA, and O is oxygen. In accordance with another preferred embodiment, a method for converting gaseous hydrocarbons to olefins includes reacting an alkane feed stream with an oxidized bifunctional catalyst in a riser reactor to produce product vapors containing olefins and paraffins and a reduced catalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 15, 2002Publication date: January 15, 2004Applicant: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Daxiang Wang, Joe D. Allison
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Patent number: 6677497Abstract: Processes for oxidative dehydrogenation of alkane to one or more olefins, exemplified by ethane to ethylene, are disclosed using novel catalysts. The catalysts comprise a mixture of metal oxides having as an important component nickel oxide (NiO), which give high conversion and selectivity in the process. For example, the catalyst can be used to make ethylene by contacting it with a gas mixture containing ethane and oxygen. The gas mixture may optionally contain ethylene, an inert diluent such as nitrogen, or both ethylene and an inert diluent.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 2001Date of Patent: January 13, 2004Assignee: Symyx Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Yumin Liu
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Publication number: 20030208095Abstract: A catalyst useful for the production of olefins from alkanes via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) is disclosed. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a catalyst for use in ODH processes includes a base metal, a promoter metal, and a support comprising a plurality of discrete structures. A base metal is herein defined as a non-Group VIII metal, with the exception of iron, cobalt and nickel. Suitable base metals include Group IB-VIIB metals, Group IIIA-VA metals, Lanthanide metals, iron, cobalt and nickel. Suitable promoter metals include Group VIII metals (i.e. platinum, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, and iridium). In some embodiments the support is fabricated from a refractory material. Suitable refractory support materials include alumina, stabilized aluminas, zirconia, stabilized zirconias (PSZ), titania, yttria, silica, niobia, and vanadia.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 6, 2002Publication date: November 6, 2003Inventors: Lisa M. Budin, Joe D. Allison, Sriram Ramani
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Patent number: 6635794Abstract: Novel oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts which are useful in vapor-phase oxidative dehydrogenation of lower alkanes with molecular oxygen to produce corresponding olefins at high yields are provided. The catalysts are characterized by containing Mn as the essential component and a crystal phase which is identified by the peaks appearing on their X-ray diffraction spectra (per Cu—K&agr; cathode) where the diffraction angle 2&thgr; (±0.3°) is at 32.9°, 55.2°, 23.1°, 38.2° and 65.8°. The use of those catalysts enables production of the olefins at high yields.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 2001Date of Patent: October 21, 2003Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co LtdInventor: Nobuji Kishimoto
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Publication number: 20030181778Abstract: Catalytic system for partial oxidation reactions of hydrocarbons characterized in that it contains:Type: ApplicationFiled: February 6, 2003Publication date: September 25, 2003Applicant: SNAMPROGETTI S.p.A.Inventors: Luca Basini, Domenico Sanfilippo, Alessandra Guarinoni
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Publication number: 20030181325Abstract: A catalyst is provided comprising (1) at least one solid acid component, and (2) at least one metal-based component comprised of one or more element from Groups 1-3, one or more element from Groups 4-15 and one or more element from Groups 16 and 17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements. The catalyst is particularly useful in producing light olefins, preferably from paraffins. When used to convert paraffins to light olefins, the catalyst is capable of high paraffin conversion, high olefin yield, and low aromatic yield. Optionally, the catalyst can further comprise at least one of a support and a binder.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 22, 2002Publication date: September 25, 2003Inventors: John Di-Yi Ou, Michael A. Risch, Blake J. Aronson
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Patent number: 6624116Abstract: An on-line method of synthesizing or regenerating catalysts for autothermal oxidation processes, specifically, the oxidation of paraffinic hydrocarbons, for example, ethane, propane, and naphtha, to olefins, for example, ethylene and propylene. The catalyst comprises a Group 8B metal, for example, a platinum group metal and, optionally, a promoter, such as tin, antimony, or copper, on a support, preferably a monolith support. On-line synthesis or regeneration involves co-feeding a volatile Group 8B metal compound and/or a volatile promoter compound with the paraffinic hydrocarbon and oxygen into the oxidation reactor under ignition or autothermal conditions.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 2000Date of Patent: September 23, 2003Assignee: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: Sameer S. Bharadwaj, Joseph J. Maj, Jonathan H. Siddall
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Publication number: 20030149323Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst composition for the production of olefins by oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, and of using such catalyst compositions.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 7, 2003Publication date: August 7, 2003Applicant: Saudi Basic Industries Corporation.Inventors: Saeed M. Al-Zahrani, Ahmed E. Abasaeed, Nimir O. Elbashir, Mazhar A. Abdulwahed
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Publication number: 20030139637Abstract: A method for autothermal or substantially autothermal catalytic dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons is described. A hydrocarbon containing feed gas is optionally mixed with steam and/or hydrogen, is pre-heated and is introduced into a catalytic bed of a reactor, where an oxygen containing gas is fed directly into the catalytic bed from one or more oxygen supply tube(s) (3) each tube (3) having one or more opening(s) distributed in the catalytic bed.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 8, 2002Publication date: July 24, 2003Inventors: Erling Rytter, Unni Olsbye, Pal Soraker, Rolf Torvik
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Publication number: 20030114725Abstract: For the production of a diene a process in three stages comprisesType: ApplicationFiled: September 9, 1999Publication date: June 19, 2003Inventors: CLAIRE DUMONTEIL, ALAIN FORESTIERE, MARIE-CLAIRE MARION
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Patent number: 6566573Abstract: A process and catalyst for the partial oxidation of paraffinic hydrocarbons, such as ethane, propane, naphtha, and natural gas condensates, to olefins, such as ethylene and propylene. The process involves contacting a paraffinic hydrocarbon with oxygen in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst under autothermal process conditions. Preheating the feed decreases oxygen consumption and increases the net hydrogen balance. The catalyst comprises a Group 8B metal, preferably, a platinum group metal, and at least one promoter selected from Groups 1B, 6B, 3A, 4A, and 5A, optionally supported on a catalytic support, such as magnesia or alumina. In preferred embodiments, the support is pretreated with a support modifier selected from Groups 1A, 2A, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 1B, 3A, 4A, 5A, the rare earth lanthanides, and the actinides. A modified fluidized bed reactor is disclosed for the process.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1999Date of Patent: May 20, 2003Assignee: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: Sameer S. Bharadwaj, Joseph J. Maj, Jonathan H. Siddall, Mark D. Bearden, Craig B. Murchison, Gerald E. Lazaruk
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Patent number: 6555721Abstract: Process for producing a mono-olefin from a feedstock containing a paraffinic hydrocarbon comprising feeding a gaseous paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstock and a molecular oxygen-containing gas to an autothermal cracker wherein they are reacted in the presence of a catalyst capable of supporting combustion beyond the normal fuel rich limit of flammability to produce a product comprising one or more mono-olefin(s) and synthesis gas, and wherein the autothermal cracker is operated at a temperature greater than 650° C. and at a pressure of greater than 5 bar absolute. The product is separated into a high pressure fuel gas stream comprising methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen and a stream comprising one or more olefins and recovering the one or more olefin(s).Type: GrantFiled: March 11, 2002Date of Patent: April 29, 2003Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: David Charles Griffiths, Barry Martin Maunders, William Terence Woodfin
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Publication number: 20030065235Abstract: A catalyst useful for the production of olefins from alkanes via oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) is disclosed. The catalyst includes a base metal, metal oxide, or combination thereof and a refractory support. The base metal is selected from the group containing Group IB-VIIB metals, Group IIIA-VA metals, Lanthanide metals, iron, cobalt, and nickel. The metal oxide is selected from the group containing alumina, stabilized aluminas, zirconia, stabilized zirconias, titania, ytteria, silica, niobia, and vanadia. The catalyst does not contain any precious metals; it is activated by higher preheat temperatures. As a result, similar conversions are achieved at a considerably lower catalyst cost.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 8, 2002Publication date: April 3, 2003Inventors: Joe D. Allison, Lisa M. Budin
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Publication number: 20030055306Abstract: A process for the production of an olefin from a hydrocarbon, which process comprises: partially combusting the hydrocarbon and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, characterised in that the catalyst comprises platinum and at least one further metal, said further metal being a Group IIIA, Group IVA, VA or a transition metal; wherein said catalyst is: a) not a platinum catalyst consisting essentially of platinum modified with Sn, Cu or mixtures thereof, and b) not a platinum catalyst consisting essentially of platinum modified with Sb or a mixture of Sb and Sn.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 4, 2002Publication date: March 20, 2003Inventors: John Wiliiam Couves, David Charles Griffiths, Brian Edward Messenger
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Patent number: 6518476Abstract: The present invention provides methods for manufacturing olefins such as ethylene and propylene from lower alkanes, that is, methane, ethane and/or propane, by oxidative dehydrogenation at elevated pressure. The olefins are selectively recovered from unconverted lower alkane feed and reaction byproducts by using a complexation separation, such as an absorption separation that uses aqueous silver nitrate as the complexation agent. Catalysts are used that give high selectivity for oxidative dehydrogenation of lower alkanes to olefins at elevated pressure, such as a nonstoichiometric rare earth oxycarbonate catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 2000Date of Patent: February 11, 2003Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Gary Lynn Culp, Vincent Joseph Stricker, James Russell Nelson, Madan Mohan Bhasin, Kenneth Andrew Nielsen
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Publication number: 20020198429Abstract: A catalyst bed is made of a monolith having a plurality of pores extending through the monolith, the pores forming tortuous flow paths through the monolith. The tortuous flow paths are obtained by modifying the monolith channels with turbulence-inducing objects or means. Catalyst is disposed on the wall surfaces formed by the pores. Reactants are passed through the tortuous flow paths creating turbulent flow thereby increasing the contact of the reactants with the catalyst on the wall surfaces and the mixing across the reactant stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 16, 2002Publication date: December 26, 2002Applicant: Conoco Inc.Inventors: Sriram Ramani, Joe D. Allison, Richard Delgado
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Publication number: 20020183580Abstract: Provided herein are processes for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons using new supported catalysts. A process according to the invention employs new catalysts that possess a unique pore size distribution which provides a favorable balance of selectivity, activity, and thermal stability. A process according to the invention includes regeneration of the new catalysts. Detergent range paraffins may be converted to monoolefins using the new catalysts with fewer unwanted by-products being formed during the dehydrogenation.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 7, 2002Publication date: December 5, 2002Applicant: Huntsman Petrochemical CorporationInventor: David R. Dyroff
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Patent number: 6452061Abstract: A process for the production of a mono-olefin from a gaseous paraffinic hydrocarbon having at least two carbon atoms or mixtures thereof comprising reacting said hydrocarbons and molecular oxygen in the presence of a platinum catalyst. The catalyst consist essentially of platinum supported on alumina or zirconia monolith, preferably zirconia and more preferably in the absence of palladium, rhodium and gold.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1996Date of Patent: September 17, 2002Assignee: Regents of the University of MinnesotaInventors: Lanny D. Schmidt, Marylin Huff
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Patent number: 6441264Abstract: A method for separating at least a benzothiophene compound from a hydrocarbon mixture is disclosed. The method includes contacting the mixture of a fraction obtained therefrom with a reagent including an acceptor complexing agent &pgr;, to obtain a donor-acceptor complex between the acceptor complexing agent and the benzothiophene compound; and separating the complex from the mixture, or from the fraction, to obtain a fraction depleted or purified in the benzothiophene compound.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 2000Date of Patent: August 27, 2002Assignee: Total Raffinage Distribution S.A.Inventors: Marc Lemaire, Michéle Monnet, Michel Vrinat, Valérie Lamure, Emmanuelle Sanson, Alexandra Milenkovic
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Patent number: 6426442Abstract: A catalyst for producing higher carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g., benzene from low carbon number hydrocarbons such as methane has been developed. The catalyst comprises a porous support such as ZSM-5 which has dispersed thereon rhenium and a promoter metal such as iron, cobalt, vanadium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten and mixtures thereof. A process for preparing the catalyst and a process for converting low carbon number aliphatic hydrocarbons to higher number hydrocarbons in the presence of CO or CO2 at conversion conditions are also described.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 2001Date of Patent: July 30, 2002Assignee: UOP LLCInventors: Masaru Ichikawa, Ryuichiro Ohnishi, Linsheng Wang
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Patent number: 6417422Abstract: Catalysts and method for alkane dehydrogenation are disclosed. The catalysts of the invention generally comprise (i) nickel or a nickel-containing compound and (ii) at least one or more of titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb), hafnium (Hf), tungsten (W), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), or aluminum (Al), or a compound containing one or more such element(s). In preferred embodiments, the catalyst is a supported catalyst, the alkane or substituted alkane is selected from the group consisting of ethane, propane, isobutane, butane and ethyl chloride, molecular oxygen is co-fed with the alkane or substituted alkane to a reaction maintained at a temperature ranging from about 250° C. and about 350° C., and the ethane is oxidatively dehydrogenated to form the corresponding alkene with an alkene conversion of at least about 10% and an alkene selectivity of at least about 70%.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 2000Date of Patent: July 9, 2002Assignee: Symyx Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Yumin Liu
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Publication number: 20020077518Abstract: Novel oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts which are useful in vapor-phase oxidative dehydrogenation of lower alkanes with molecular oxygen to produce corresponding olefins at high yields are provided. The catalysts are characterized by containing Mn as the essential component and a crystal phase which is identified by the peaks appearing on their X-ray diffraction spectra (per Cu—K&agr; cathode) where the diffraction angle 2&thgr; (±0.3°) is at 32.9°, 55.2°, 23.1°, 38.2° and 65.8°. The use of those catalysts enables production of the olefins at high yields.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 23, 2001Publication date: June 20, 2002Applicant: NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.Inventor: Nobuji Kishimoto
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Patent number: 6395944Abstract: Process for the production of a mono-olefin and a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the diesel range in which (I) a gaseous paraffinic hydrocarbon-containing feedstock and a molecular oxygen-containing gas are fed to an autothermal cracker wherein they are reacted in the presence or absence of a catalyst capable of supporting combustion beyond the normal fuel rich limit of flammability under conditions whereby the feedstock is oxidatively dehydrogenated to a product comprising one or more mono-olefin(s) and synthesis gas. The product from step (I) is separated into synthesis gas and one or more mono-olefin(s) and the one or more mono-olefin(s) are recovered. Synthesis gas separated in step (II), optionally together with additional synthesis gas, is fed to a Fischer Tropsch (FT) reactor containing an FT catalyst wherein the synthesis gas is reacted under FT conditions to produce an FT product containing naphtha and hydrocarbons boiling in the diesel range.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 2000Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: David Charles Griffiths, Barry Martin Maunders, William Terence Woodfin
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Publication number: 20020055664Abstract: Catalysts and methods for alkane oxydehydrogenation are disclosed. The catalysts of the invention generally comprise (i) nickel or a nickel-containing compound and (ii) at least one or more of titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb), hafnium (Hf), tungsten (W), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), or aluminum (Al), or a compound containing one or more of such element(s). In preferred embodiments, the catalyst is a supported catalyst, the alkane is selected from the group consisting of ethane, propane, isobutane, n-butane and ethyl chloride, molecular oxygen is co-fed with the alkane to a reaction zone maintained at a temperature ranging from about 250° C. to about 350° C., and the ethane is oxidatively dehydrogenated to form the corresponding alkene with an alkane conversion of at least about 10% and an alkene selectivity of at least about 70%.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 4, 2001Publication date: May 9, 2002Applicant: Symyx Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Yumin Liu
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Patent number: 6355854Abstract: Processes for oxidative dehydrogenation of alkane to one or more olefins, exemplified by ethane to ethylene, are disclosed using novel catalysts. The catalysts comprise a mixture of metal oxides having as an important component nickel oxide (NiO), which give high conversion and selectivity in the process. The catalyst can be used to make ethylene by contacting it with a gas mixture containing ethane and oxygen. The gas mixture may optionally contain ethylene, an inert diluent such as nitrogen, or both ethylene and an inert diluent.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1999Date of Patent: March 12, 2002Assignee: Symyx Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Yumin Liu
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Patent number: 6333444Abstract: A catalyst composition and its use for the oxidation of ethane to ethylene and/or acetic acid and/or for the oxidation of ethylene to acetic acid which comprises in combination with oxygen the elements molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and gold in the absence of palladium according to the empirical formula: MOaWbAucVdNbeYf (I) wherein Y is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of: Cr, Mn, Ta, Ti, B, Al, Ga, In, Pt, Zn, Cd, Bi, Ce, Co, Rh, Ir, Cu, Ag, Fe, Ru, Os, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zr, Hf, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Si, Sn, Tl, U, Re, Te, La and Pd; a, b, c, d, e and f represent the gram atom ratios of the elements such that: 0<a≦1; 0≦b<1 and a+b=1; 10−5<c≦0.02; 0<d<2; 0<e≦1; and 0≦f≦2.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 2000Date of Patent: December 25, 2001Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: Brian Ellis, Michael David Jones
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Publication number: 20010049461Abstract: Lower alkenes of from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as propene, are produced by the vapor phase catalytic oxidative dehyrogenation of lower alkane, such as propane, using a mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1) as decribed, containing manganese and at least one additional metal as essential elements, e.g., Mn1Sb0.15Ox, Mn1P0.2Ox, Mn1S0.15W0.05Cr0.1Ox. The lower alkene may be further oxidatively dehydrogenated using a mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1), especially formula (2), as described, to produce a mixture of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated acid. The unsaturated aldehyde may be further oxidatively dehydrogenated in the vapor phase in the presence of mixed metal oxide catalyst of formula (1), especially formula (3).Type: ApplicationFiled: July 2, 2001Publication date: December 6, 2001Inventors: Nobuji Kishimoto, Etsushige Matsunami
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Patent number: 6281403Abstract: Mixed electron- and proton-conducting metal oxide materials are provided. These materials are useful in fabrication of membranes for use in catalytic membrane reactions, particularly for promoting dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, oligomerization of hydrocarbons and for the decomposition of hydrogen-containing gases. Membrane materials are perovskite compounds of the formula: AB1−xB′xO3−y where A=Ca, Sr, or Ba; B=Ce, Tb, Pr or Th; B′=Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni or Cu; 0.2≦x≦0.5, and y is a number sufficient to neutralize the charge in the mixed metal oxide material.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1999Date of Patent: August 28, 2001Assignee: Eltron Research, Inc.Inventors: James H. White, Michael Schwartz, Anthony F. Sammells
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Patent number: 6258992Abstract: Lower hydrocarbons are converted to carboxylic acids and/or dehydrogenated hydrocarbon product by contacting a feed mixture containing lower hydrocarbons, oxygen source, diluent, and sulfur-containing compound, with a multifunctional, mixed metal catalyst at a temperature from about 150° C. up to about 400° C. The lower hydrocarbons include C2-C4, and the presence of sulfur compound in the feed mixture results in increased yield of carboxylic acid and/or dehydrogenated hydrocarbon product.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 1999Date of Patent: July 10, 2001Assignee: Saudi Basic Industries CorporationInventors: Khalid Karim, Asad Khan
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Patent number: 6239325Abstract: The invention provides process for oxidative dehydrogenation of lower alkanes, by vapor phase oxidative dehydrogenation of C2-C5 lower alkanes in the presence of a catalyst and molecular oxygen to produce the corresponding olefins, in which the catalyst has a composition expressed by a general formula (1) below: A&agr;Sb&bgr;W&ggr;D&dgr;Ox (1) in which A is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and chromium; Sb is antimony; W is tungsten; O is oxygen; and D is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Ta, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Zn, B, Tl, Sn, Pb, Te, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, La, Ce and Sm; &agr;, &bgr;, &ggr;, &dgr; and x denote atomic numbers of A, Sb, W, D and O, respectively, where when &agr;=1, &bgr;=0.5-10, &ggr;=0.1-10 and &dgr;=0-3; and x is a numerical value determined by the state of oxidation of those elements other than oxygen.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 1999Date of Patent: May 29, 2001Assignee: Nippon Shokubai Co LtdInventors: Nobuji Kishimoto, Etsushige Matsunami
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Patent number: 6218591Abstract: The present invention relates to new crystalline zeolite SSZ-36 prepared using a cyclic or polycyclic quaternary ammonium cation templating agent.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1999Date of Patent: April 17, 2001Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Gregory S. Lee, Stacey I. Zones, Yumi Nakagawa, Susan T. Evans
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Patent number: 6187984Abstract: A catalyst composition suitable for the conversion of n-butane to butenes. The same catalyst composition that with chlorination is further suitable, when used in the conversion of n-butane, for the production of an increased amount of BTX (benzene-toluene-xylene) and greater selectivity to the production of isobutylenes than attained with the unchlorinated catalyst. A process for the preparation of catalyst compositions suitable for the conversion of n-butane. Use of the catalyst compositions in processes for the conversion of n-butane.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 2000Date of Patent: February 13, 2001Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: An-hsiang Wu, Charles A. Drake
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Patent number: 6166283Abstract: An on-line method of synthesizing or regenerating catalysts for autothermal oxidation processes, specifically, the oxidation of paraffinic hydrocarbons, for example, ethane, propane, and naphtha, to olefins, for example, ethylene and propylene. The catalyst comprises a Group 8B metal, for example, a platinum group metal and, optionally, a promoter, such as tin, antimony, or copper, on a support, preferably a monolith support. On-line synthesis or regeneration involves co-feeding a volatile Group 8B metal compound and/or a volatile promoter compound with the paraffinic hydrocarbon and oxygen into the oxidation reactor under ignition or autothermal conditions.Type: GrantFiled: September 1, 1999Date of Patent: December 26, 2000Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Sameer S. Bharadwaj, Joseph J. Maj, Jonathan H. Siddall
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Patent number: 6130183Abstract: Disclosed is a novel catalyst and process using the novel catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation and cracking of C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 paraffins (homogeneous hydrocarbons or mixtures such as liquified gas to C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 olefins in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas and water vapor. The novel catalyst has the following formulaX.sub.a Y.sub.b Z.sub.c A.sub.d O.sub.x,where, referring to the Periodic System,X is an element of Group II and/or IV b (Mg, Ca, Za, Ti, Zr . . . )Y is a Lanthanide and/or an element of Group IVa or Va (Ce, La, Nd, Dy, Sn, Pr, Sb, Pb . . . );Z is an element of Group I (Li, Na, K . . . );A is an element of Group VII (Cl, Br, I . . . );O is oxygen; anda is 0.4 to 0.9,b is 0.005 to 0.3,c is 0.05 to 1.5,d is 0.05 to 0.8, andx is determined by the valance requirements of metals and halogens.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1997Date of Patent: October 10, 2000Assignees: Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft, K.T.I. Group B.V.Inventors: Mordechay Herskowitz, Miron Landau, Mark Kaliya
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Patent number: 6087545Abstract: An improved supported catalyst containing mixed strontium and other alkaline earth oxides deposited on a sintered low surface area porous catalyst carrier (or support) precoated with mixed lanthanum and other rare earth oxides, represented by the formula:A.sub.a SrO.sub.b (x) /R.sub.c LaO.sub.d (y) /S,wherein, A is alkaline earth element selected from Be, Mg, Ca, Ba or a mixture thereof; Sr is strontium, O is oxygen; R is rare earth element selected from Ce, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu or a mixture thereof; La is lanthanum; S is catalyst support selected from sintered low surface area porous refractory inert solids comprising of alumina, silica, silica-alumina, silicon carbide, zirconia, hafnia or a mixture thereof; a is A/Sr mole ratio in the range of about 0.01 to about 10; b is number of oxygen atoms needed to fulfill the valence requirement of alkaline earth elements (A.sub.a Sr); c is R/La mole ratio in the range of about 0.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1997Date of Patent: July 11, 2000Assignee: Council of Scientific & Industrial ResearchInventors: Vasant Ramchandra Choudhary, Balu Shivaji Uphade, Shafeek Abdul Rashid Mulla
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Patent number: 6072097Abstract: A process for the production of a mono-olefin from a gaseous paraffinic hydrocarbon having at least two carbon atoms or mixtures thereof comprising reacting said hydrocarbons and molecular oxygen in the presence of a platinum catalyst. The catalyst consists essentially of platinum modified with Sn or Cu and supported on a ceramic monolith.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1998Date of Patent: June 6, 2000Assignee: Regents of the University of MinnesotaInventors: Chikafumi Yokoyama, Sameer S. Bharadwaj, Lanny D. Schmidt
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Patent number: 5959170Abstract: A method for converting methane to higher hydrocarbon products and coproduct water wherein a gas comprising methane and a gaseous oxidant are contacted with a nonacidic catalyst at temperatures within the range of about 700 to 1200.degree. C. A preferred catalyst comprises an alkali component associated with a support material. Results obtained over alkali-promoted solids are enhanced when the contacting is conducted in the presence of halogen promoters.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1985Date of Patent: September 28, 1999Assignee: Atlantic Richfield CompanyInventor: Howard P. Withers, Jr.