Abstract: A sealing assembly for a sensor port of a double-walled muffler. The assembly includes at least an outer plate and a washer-type element. The washer-type element has a planar portion provided with an aperture, and a tube portion protrudes from an edge of the aperture. The assembly is mounted on a sensor port provided with a boss fixed to an inner wall of the double muffler wall, and with an opening in an outer wall surrounding the boss. The tube portion is fitted over the boss, and the assembly is fixed to the outer wall. Any radial or lateral movement of the boss relative to the outer wall is able to take place without losing sealing function, due to lateral freedom of movement of the washer-type element relative to the outer plate, and due to the fact that the boss is able to move relative to the tube portion.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst composition effective in the abatement of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is provided. The SCR catalyst composition significantly increases the conversion of NOx relative to a Cu-chabazite reference catalyst composition at any temperature, and especially at low temperatures. A catalyst article, an exhaust gas treatment system, and a method of treating an exhaust gas stream, each including the SCR catalyst composition of the invention, are also provided. The SCR catalyst composition is particularly useful for treatment of exhaust from a lean-burn engine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a muffler for a water-cooled chiller or air-cooled of a vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration system, the muffler having: an upstream case having a fluid inlet; a downstream case connected to the upstream case at a downstream end of the upstream case, the downstream case having a fluid outlet; the upstream case having a plurality of axially adjacent outer muffler rings and a plurality of axially adjacent inner muffler rings, the outer muffler rings being axially coextensive and a radially exterior to the inner muffler rings and defining a fluid inlet passage therebetween, wherein the outer muffler rings and inner muffler rings are a metal mesh material.

Abstract: A control system for an engine comprising a turbocharger includes a throttle valve, a cold light off catalyst (CLOC), a CLOC valve, and a controller. The CLOC is positioned in a bypass passage around a turbine of the turbocharger. The CLOC valve selectively routes exhaust flow from the engine between the turbine and the CLOC. The controller is configured to command the CLOC valve to a first position whereby exhaust flow is routed to the CLOC in a CLOC mode; determine, based on operation in the CLOC mode, a pressure drop within the turbocharger; and command the actuator to move resulting in increased airflow into the engine while in the CLOC mode.

Abstract: An engine control device includes a determination unit configured to determine whether or not an engine is in a complete explosion state, a calculation unit configured to calculate an integrated intake air amount that is an integrated value of an intake air amount of the engine after an affirmative determination is made by the determination unit, a setting unit configured to set a target equivalent ratio of the engine in accordance with the integrated intake air amount, and a control unit configured to control an intake air amount and a fuel injection amount of the engine such that an equivalent ratio of an air-fuel mixture becomes the target equivalent ratio.

Abstract: A control system for an engine comprising a turbocharger includes a cold light off catalyst (CLOC), a CLOC valve, an oil control valve and a controller. The CLOC is positioned in a bypass passage around a turbine of the turbocharger. The CLOC valve selectively routes exhaust flow from the engine between the turbine and the CLOC. The oil control valve regulates lubrication oil from the engine to the turbocharger. The controller is configured to command the CLOC valve to a first position whereby exhaust flow is routed to the CLOC in a CLOC mode; determine, based on operation in the CLOC mode, a pressure of the turbine of the turbocharger; compare the determined pressure to a pressure threshold; determine a target position of the oil control valve to mitigate oil leakage from the turbocharger during CLOC operation; and command the oil control valve to the target position.

Abstract: An SCR catalyst for treating diesel exhaust gas has: a flow-through substrate with an inlet end, an outlet end, a substrate axial length extending from the inlet end to the outlet end and a plurality of passages defined by internal walls of the flow through substrate extending therethrough; a first coating disposed on the internal wall surface of the substrate, the surface defining the interface between the internal walls and passages, the first coating extending over 40 to 100% of the substrate axial length, the first coating having an 8-membered ring pore zeolitic material with copper and/or iron; a second coating extending over 20 to 100% of the substrate axial length, the second coating having a first oxidic material with titania, wherein at least 75 wt. % of the second coating is titania, calculated as TiO2, and 0 to 0.01 wt. % of the second coating is vanadium oxides, calculated as V2O5.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the catalytic field, and discloses a catalyst system and a light hydrocarbon aromatization method, a carbon dioxide hydrogenation process and a method for enhancing the catalytic activity and/or lifetime of the catalyst during a heterogeneous catalysis process, the catalyst system comprising a porous material layer containing an active metal component and a molecular sieve layer. The catalyst system provided by the present disclosure exhibits desirable catalytic activity, stability, renewability and selectivity, thus has significant benefits.

Abstract: A perforated metallic base material for purging exhaust is obtained by laminating a wavy foil having pores and a flat foil having pores and forming the same into a cylindrical shape, wherein the wavy foil and/or the flat foil has axially perforated portions having pores throughout the axial direction of the cylindrical shape and axially non-perforated portions not having pores overall in the axial direction of the cylindrical form.

Abstract: An exhaust device for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust manifold including branch pipe portions respectively connected to cylinders of the internal combustion engine in which exhaust strokes are executed at different timings, and a collecting pipe portion to which the branch pipe portions are collected and connected at a downstream side of the branch pipe portions, a catalyst provided at a downstream side of the collecting pipe portion in the exhaust manifold, an exhaust pipe provided at a downstream side of the catalyst, a sensor detecting a state of exhaust gas and provided in the exhaust pipe, and a connecting wall portion connecting the catalyst and the exhaust pipe and extending in a different direction with respect to a first central axis of the catalyst along a flow direction of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: The invention discloses a dust detection method and system and a signal processing unit thereof to detect the dust in the net gas output by different gas-solid separation units.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing emissions of an internal combustion engine are described. In one example, an electric heater and a passive NOx absorber or other emissions control device are positioned in a passage downstream of a combustor so as to process emissions from the combustor before an engine is started.

Abstract: An air induction system is disclosed for an engine that comprises an air cleaner, an inlet air conduit, a Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAFS), and a secondary air induction system. The air filter encloses a filter element that removes contaminants from the air supplied to the engine. A MAFS is disposed in the inlet air conduit and measures the mass of the air flowing through the inlet air conduit to an intake manifold of the engine and provides data to an engine control module that controls the air/fuel mixture supplied to the engine. The secondary air system receives air from the air cleaner that is provided to a vehicle component and includes an inlet port located upstream from the MAFS. The secondary induction conduit draws air through a port integrated with the MAFS bore with an air pump to provide clean air to an engine component or exhaust system component.

Abstract: A controller for an internal combustion engine is configured to execute a determination process and an anomaly diagnosing process. The determination process is a process of determining that a deviation between a first change amount and a second change amount during a fuel cutoff operation is less than or equal to a threshold. The anomaly diagnosing process is a process of determining that an exhaust purification device is in a detached state when it is determined in the determination process that the deviation is less than or equal to the threshold. The first change amount and the second change amount are change amounts per unit time of the temperature of exhaust gas on the upstream side and the downstream side of the exhaust purification device, respectively.

Abstract: An aircraft propulsion system comprising a reciprocating liquid cooled engine housed within the fuselage driving twin fuselage mounted ducted-fans is disclosed. The propulsion system may be liquid cooled with a liquid cooled exhaust and at least one turbocharger. The ducted-fans may run fan blade tip speeds of up to 97% Mach driven by a near constant RPM engine through a continuously variable transmission. The propulsion system may be low noise and may meet environmental standards typical in the automotive industry.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel supported nanoparticle compositions, precursors, processes for making supported nanoparticle compositions, processes for making catalyst compositions, and processes for converting syngas. The catalyst composition can comprise nanoparticles comprising metal oxide(s), such as manganese cobalt oxide. This disclosure is particularly useful for converting syngas via the Fischer-Tropsch reactions to make olefins and/or alcohols.

Abstract: An exhaust purification device includes a casing which accommodates a purifier that purifies exhaust gas of an engine mounted on a vehicle and in which a flow direction of the exhaust gas corresponds to a longitudinal direction of the casing, an inlet opening at a first longitudinal end of the casing, an outlet opening provided at a second longitudinal end of the casing, a first pipe connected to the inlet opening, and a second pipe connected to the outlet opening. A cross section of at least one of a connecting end of the first pipe for the casing and a connecting end of the second pipe for the casing is in a flattened shape as a dimension of the cross section in the longitudinal direction of the casing is shorter than a dimension of the cross section in a lateral direction of the casing.

Abstract: An exhaust control system for a vehicle includes a temperature sensor positioned downstream of an exhaust burner and upstream of an SCR catalyst in an exhaust system. The temperature sensor is configured to generate a measurement signal indicative a temperature of exhaust flowing through the exhaust system at an outlet of a DPF positioned downstream of the exhaust burner. An exhaust control module is configured to turn the exhaust burner on to heat the exhaust, monitor the temperature of the exhaust based on the measurement signal, subsequent to turning the exhaust burner on, turn the exhaust burner off based on an upper threshold temperature of the exhaust, and, subsequent to turning the exhaust burner off, turn the exhaust burner on based on a lower threshold temperature of the exhaust. The lower threshold temperature is less than the upper threshold temperature.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler has an exhaust inlet, an exhaust outlet, as well as a catalytic converter which, in the flow direction, is disposed between the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet. The catalytic converter has at least one throughflow body which includes at least one wire body. At least one first component region of the throughflow body is coated with a catalytically functioning coating. The throughflow body moreover has a second component region which in terms of volume has a smaller quantity of catalytically functioning coating than the first component region.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (1) has an electric heating catalyst (5) in an exhaust passage (2). When it is detected that a door has been opened, the electric heating catalyst (5) is preheated. If power of an engine controller (8) is lost during the preheating, information on an estimated temperature, which is stored in the engine controller (8), is lost. The engine controller (8) forbids energization of the electric heating catalyst (5) until a cooling period necessary for temperature of the electric heating catalyst (5) to fall elapses after recovery of the power of the engine controller (8). After the cooling period elapses, the preheating is started again.

Abstract: A method for estimating a quality of reductant in an engine aftertreatment system for an engine using a virtual sensor, the method comprising: determining whether an enablement condition is met, wherein the enablement condition is one or more of: a reductant fill condition determined based on data received from one or more float sensors associated with the engine; a machine start condition determined based on machine speed data obtained from a speed sensor associated with the engine; and/or a rationality check condition determined based on data associated with a fault of one or more sensors associated with the engine; upon determining that the enablement condition is met, receiving NOx measurement data obtained from at least one NOx sensor; generating a reductant quality value based on the NOx measurement data; and outputting a reductant quality determination based on the reductant quality value.

Abstract: A method of operating an engine includes igniting a combustible mixture in a combustion chamber of the engine, which produces exhaust gases. The exhaust gases are ejected into an exhaust manifold of the engine to create a primary exhaust stream. A portion of the exhaust gases is separated from the primary exhaust stream to create a secondary exhaust stream. Air and fuel are then mixed with the secondary exhaust stream to form a reformer feed mixture. The reformer feed mixture is reacted in a catalytic reformer to create a reformate exhaust stream, which is then mixed with an intake air stream to create a mixed air stream. The mixed air stream is the fed to the combustion chamber of the engine as the combustible mixture.

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus includes a chamber disposed below an engine, an inlet pipe guiding exhaust gas from an exhaust pipe to the chamber, a tail pipe discharging the exhaust gas from the chamber to an outside, a first partition wall partitioning an inside of the chamber to a pair of left and right spaces, and a second partition wall partitioning one of the left and right spaces to a pair of front and rear spaces. Another of the left and right spaces is a first expansion chamber into which the inlet pipe enters. A rear space of the front and rear spaces is a second expansion chamber disposed downstream of the first expansion chamber. A front space of the front and rear spaces is a third expansion chamber disposed downstream of the second expansion chamber, and the tail pipe enters into the front space.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for replacing an exhaust aftertreatment component of an exhaust aftertreatment system in a vehicle or vessel. The exhaust aftertreatment system is delimited by an outer casing and comprises a first sleeve, which extends in an axial direction and contains a first exhaust aftertreatment component mounted directly in the first sleeve. The method comprises the steps of: removing the first exhaust aftertreatment component from the first sleeve, the first sleeve thereby remaining intact within the outer casing, providing a second exhaust aftertreatment component being mounted in a second sleeve, the second sleeve being configured to fit within the first sleeve, and mounting the second sleeve with the second exhaust aftertreatment component in the first sleeve by inserting the second sleeve into the first sleeve in the axial direction thereof.

Abstract: A cross-pipe exhaust assembly includes: a first inlet collector splitting into an upper outlet and a lower outlet; a second inlet collector splitting into an upper outlet and a lower outlet; a first outlet collector joining an upper inlet and a lower inlet into a single outlet; a second outlet collector joining an upper inlet and a lower inlet into a single outlet; a first inline conduit located between the first inlet collector and the first outlet collector; a second inline conduit located between the second inlet collector and the second outlet collector; a first crossover conduit between the lower outlet or upper outlet of the first inlet collector and the upper inlet or lower inlet; and a second crossover conduit extending between the lower outlet or the upper outlet and the upper inlet or lower inlet of the first outlet collector.

Abstract: A mixer arrangement for aftertreatment of exhaust gas including a housing configured to form a cavity including a center flow channel in which the exhaust gas flows; and at least one side inlet arrangement configured to allow the exhaust gas to enter the center flow channel from the sides thereof and configured to cause an advancing center flow in the center flow channel and a rotating flow around or on the edges of the center flow in the center flow channel; wherein the at least one side inlet arrangement contains at least a pair of side inlet pipes on the side of the center flow channel.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, assemblies, and methods for diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) dosing can include a body defining an injector adaptor inlet and an injector adaptor outlet; and an injector mount or interface extending from the body. The injector mount can be between the first and second ends of the injector adaptor. The injector adaptor outlet can define an area greater than an area of the injector adaptor inlet. In a side view of the injector adaptor, at a bottom side of the body, a first straight line can extend along the body from the injector adaptor inlet to the injector adaptor outlet, and at a top side of the body opposite the bottom side, a second straight line can extend along the body from the injector adaptor inlet to the injector adaptor outlet. The second straight line can be at an acute angle relative to the first straight line.

Abstract: In the present invention, a clogging rate is calculated using a first flow rate function when the degree of clogging of the throttle valve is in the reference state and a second flow rate function estimated based on the intake air volume. For each predetermined period, sample points, which are combinations of the second flow rate function and throttle valve position, are obtained, and the learning points are calculated by averaging a plurality of sample points for each predetermined position range. Based on the plurality of learning points, coefficients a to c of the approximate function of the second flow rate function characteristic are calculated by the least-squares method, and the clogging rate is calculated based on the second flow rate function characteristic and the first flow rate function approximated by the approximate function using the coefficients a to c.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to copper-containing molecular sieve catalysts that are highly suitable for the treatment of exhaust containing NOx pollutants. The copper-containing molecular sieve catalysts contain ion-exchanged copper as Cu+2 and Cu(OH)+1, and DRIFT spectroscopy of the catalyst exhibits perturbed T-O-T vibrational peaks corresponding to the Cu+2 and Cu(OH)+1. In spectra taken of the catalytic materials, a ratio of the Cu+2 to the Cu(OH)+1 peak integration areas preferably can be ?1. The copper-containing molecular sieve catalysts are aging stable such that the peak integration area percentage of the Cu+2 peak (area Cu+2/(area Cu+2+area Cu(OH)+1)) increases by ?20% upon aging at 800° C. for 16 hours in the presence of 10% H2O/air, compared to the fresh state.

Abstract: A method includes acquiring nitrogen oxide (NOx) data indicative of a first amount of NOx in an exhaust flow exiting an engine and a second amount of NOx in the exhaust flow exiting an exhaust aftertreatment system coupled to the engine where the exhaust aftertreatment system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system including a SCR catalyst; determining a NOx conversion efficiency fault is present within the exhaust aftertreatment system based on the first amount of NOx and the second amount of NOx; monitoring an actual amount of NOx in the exhaust flow downstream of the SCR catalyst; determining an expected amount of NOx downstream of the SCR catalyst; and determining the SCR catalyst is responsible for the NOx conversion efficiency fault in response to the actual amount of NOx differing from the expected amount of NOx by more than a threshold amount.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system for a diesel engine may include a diesel particulate filter configured for placement in fluid communication with the diesel engine to receive an exhaust flow. The system may also include a selective catalytic reduction system configured for arrangement downstream of the diesel particulate filter and a NOx sensor configured to measure a NOx concentration in the exhaust flow entering the selective catalytic reduction system. The system may also include a controller configured to estimate a ratio of NO2 to NOx downstream of the diesel particulate filter and based on a factor affecting the generation of NO2 upstream of the selective catalytic reduction system. The controller may also be configured to adjust the measured NOx concentration based on the ratio to provide an estimated actual NOx concentration and dose diesel exhaust fuel into the exhaust flow based on the estimated actual NOx concentration.

Abstract: A method performed by a control unit (11) for controlling exhaust valves (1A-6A, 1B-6B) of cylinders (1-6) in an internal combustion engine (10) is provided. The method comprise controlling (410) a number of first exhaust valves (1A-3A) for a first set of cylinders (1-3) to transfer exhaust gas to a turbine (8)) during part of an exhaust phase (?t1) of the first set of cylinders (1-3) via a first exhaust manifold (12). Also, the method comprises controlling (420) a number of second exhaust valves (1B-3B) for the first set of cylinders (1-3) to transfer exhaust gas to an exhaust gas recirculation, EGR, conduit (9)) during part of the exhaust phase (?t1) of the first set of cylinders (1-3) via a second exhaust manifold (7). The method further comprises controlling (430) a number of first exhaust valves (4A-6A) for a second set of cylinders (4-6) to transfer exhaust gas to the turbine (8) during part of an exhaust phase (?t2) of the second set of cylinders (4-6) via the first exhaust manifold (12).

Abstract: An exhaust gas/reactant mixing assembly for an exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine includes a mixing channel defining a longitudinal axis and extending in the direction thereof. A reactant delivery unit delivers reactant (R) into the mixing channel and an exhaust gas supply channel is arranged upstream of the mixing channel. The exhaust gas supply channel opens into the mixing channel at an opening channel region, wherein the opening channel region has at least two opening channel portions opening into the mixing channel.

Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment system includes a housing assembly and a reductant delivery system. The housing assembly includes an upstream housing, a first inlet tube, a second inlet tube, and a mixing housing. The first inlet tube is coupled to the upstream housing and configured to receive a first portion of exhaust gas from the upstream housing. The second inlet tube is coupled to the upstream housing and configured to receive a second portion of the exhaust gas from the upstream housing. The mixing housing is coupled to the first inlet tube and the second inlet tube. The mixing housing is configured to receive the first portion of the exhaust gas from the first inlet tube and receive the second portion of the exhaust gas from the second inlet tube. The mixing housing is separated from the upstream housing by the first inlet tube and the second inlet tube.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst comprising a mixture of AFX-structure and BEA-structure zeolites and at least one additional transition metal, to the process for preparing same and to the use thereof for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx in the presence of a reducing agent such as NH3 or H2.

Abstract: An exhaust device that guides exhaust gas from an exhaust pipe in front of an engine to a muffler in a rear of the engine is provided. The exhaust device includes a primary catalyst case accommodating a primary catalyst configured to purify the exhaust gas at a downstream side from the exhaust pipe, a secondary catalyst case accommodating a secondary catalyst configured to purify the exhaust gas at a downstream side from the primary catalyst, and a chamber formed with a muffling chamber configured to reduce an exhaust noise at a downstream side from the secondary catalyst. The primary catalyst case is disposed in a front space of the engine. The secondary catalyst case is disposed on a front part of a lower space of the engine. The chamber is disposed so as to occupy at least a rear part of the lower space of the engine.

Abstract: A flap stopper for a rotatable flap for controlling an air flow may include a round bearing support disc, a round stopper support disc, stop elements, and connecting ribs. The stopper support disc may be spaced apart from the bearing support disc in an axial direction. The stop elements may be arranged on the stopper support disc. The connecting ribs may be arranged between the bearing support disc and the stopper support disc. The bearing support disc, the stopper support disc, the stop elements, and the connecting ribs may be formed as an integral plastic injection-molded part.

Abstract: A muffler includes a muffler housing having an exhaust gas inlet port adapted for securing to an exhaust pipe of an automobile so that exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine of the automobile are directed through the muffler housing from the exhaust gas inlet to an exhaust gas outlet. The muffler housing includes a plurality of rigid surfaces that form an exhaust gas pathway including a plurality of turns and lead from the exhaust gas inlet port to the exhaust gas outlet port. A photocatalyst coating is secured to an area of the rigid surfaces, and a light source is secured to the muffler housing and positioned to direct light onto the photocatalyst coating. The exhaust gases come into contact with the photocatalyst coating and reactive species generated by the photocatalyst coating decompose one or more pollutants in the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine of a drivetrain of a vehicle during launching. The vehicle has an exhaust-gas aftertreatment system for purifying exhaust gas of the engine. After a starting operation of the engine, the drivetrain is operated in a first operating state. In this first operating state, the engine is operated at idle, the exhaust-gas aftertreatment system is heated by the internal combustion engine, and a launch prohibition is active. The launch prohibition that is active in the first operating state prevents launching using the internal combustion engine. After a predefined state of the exhaust-gas aftertreatment system has been attained, the drivetrain is operated in a second operating state. The launch prohibition is inactive in the second operating state, such that launching using the engine is possible in the second operating state.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to systems and methods of cylinder deactivation in compression-ignition engines. An engine described herein can include N cylinders, with N being an integer of at least 2, with each cylinder including an inner surface, a piston disposed and configured to move in each cylinder of the N cylinders, an intake port, an exhaust port, and a fuel injector. The piston and the inner surface define a combustion chamber. A method of operating the compression ignition engine includes injecting a fuel into each of the combustion chambers, combusting substantially all of the fuel in the compression ignition engine, monitoring engine load of the compression ignition engine, and deactivating a cylinder of the N cylinders upon a decrease in load to less than (N?1)/N×FL, wherein FL is a full load at a given engine speed.

Abstract: A method for providing a power supply for at least one electrically heatable catalyst of a motor vehicle situated in an exhaust gas tract, wherein the motor vehicle comprises a first battery, by means of which a first voltage U1 is generated, and a second battery, by way of which a second voltage U2 is generated, wherein the at least one catalyst during a start phase immediately following the start of an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle is supplied by a power P1 provided by the first battery such that the voltage U1 of the first battery is imposed on the at least one catalyst, wherein the at least one catalyst is additionally supplied during the start phase by a power P2 provided by the second battery such that the voltage U2 of the second battery is transformed by a DC converter to the value of the voltage U1 which is imposed on the at least one catalyst.

Abstract: A control module for an aftertreatment system that includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst and an oxidation catalyst, comprises a controller configured to be operatively coupled to the aftertreatment system. The controller is configured to determine an actual SCR catalytic conversion efficiency of the SCR catalyst. The controller determines an estimated SCR catalytic conversion efficiency based on a test sulfur concentration selected by the controller. In response to the estimated SCR catalytic conversion efficiency being within a predefined range, the controller sets the test sulfur concentration as a determined sulfur concentration in a fuel provided to the engine. The controller generates a sulfur concentration signal indicating the determined sulfur.

Abstract: A catalytic converter includes a catalyst substrate including a body having a length and defining a plurality of zones along the length, with each zone having at least one cross-sectional structure defining a plurality of cells forming an exhaust gas flow path through the length via cells of adjacent zones, and the cells being more densely arranged within the at least one cross-sectional structure of an upstream zone than an adjacent downstream zone. The catalytic converter also includes a wash-coat layer deposited on surfaces of the cells forming active surface area configured to react with exhaust gas traveling along the length. The exhaust gas flows along the exhaust gas flow path through the cells such that more active surface area is available for reaction in each upstream zone than an adjacent downstream zone.

Abstract: A particle filter assembly for a motor vehicle includes a particle filter, an exhaust-gas-conducting line which opens into the particle filter, and a secondary air supply. The secondary air supply is formed separately from the exhaust-gas-conducting line and fresh air is suppliable to the particle filter via the secondary air supply.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas pathway configured to receive exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, a first treatment element positioned within the exhaust gas pathway, the first treatment element including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) element, a first injector configured to selectively introduce ammonia gas into the exhaust gas pathway upstream of the first treatment element, a second injector configured to introduce diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the first treatment element, and a second treatment element positioned within the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the second injector, the second treatment element including a SCR element.

Abstract: Subject of the invention is an exhaust gas purification system for a gasoline engine, comprising in consecutive order the following devices: a first three-way-catalyst (TWC1), a gasoline particulate filter (GPF) and a second three-way-catalyst (TWC2), wherein the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of the GPF is greater than the OSC of the TWC2, wherein the OSC is determined in mg/l of the volume of the device. The invention also relates to methods in which the system is used and uses of the system.

Abstract: A dosing and mixing arrangement includes a mixing tube having a constant diameter along its length. At least a first portion of the mixing tube includes a plurality of apertures. The arrangement also includes a swirl structure for causing exhaust flow to swirl outside of the first portion of the mixing tube in one direction along a flow path that extends at least 270 degrees around a central axis of the mixing tube. The arrangement is configured such that the exhaust enters an interior of the mixing tube through the apertures as the exhaust swirls along the flow path. The exhaust entering the interior of the mixing tube through the apertures has a tangential component that causes the exhaust to swirl around the central axis within the interior of the mixing tube. The arrangement also includes a doser for dispensing a reactant into the interior of the mixing tube.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method of regenerating at least one filter medium comprising: providing at least one filter medium, wherein the at least one filter medium comprises: at least one catalyst material; and ammonium bisulfate (ABS) deposits, ammonium sulfate (AS) deposits, or any combination thereof; flowing a flue gas stream transverse to a cross-section of a filter medium, such that the flue gas stream passes through the cross section of the at least one filter medium, wherein the flue gas stream comprises: NOx compounds comprising: Nitric Oxide (NO), and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2); and increasing an NOx removal efficiency of the at least one filter medium after removal of deposits.

Abstract: A controller for a vehicle is configured to execute, when a state of charge of a battery is less than or equal to a threshold, a charging control to charge the battery with power that is generated by a motor generator using driving force of an internal combustion engine. The controller is also configured to obtain a temperature of the battery, set the threshold to a first threshold during a warm-up period, which is a period from a start of the internal combustion engine until the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is completed, set the threshold to a second threshold, which is greater than the first threshold, when the warm-up period ends, and set the second threshold to be greater when the temperature of the battery is a first temperature than when the temperature of the battery is a second temperature, which is higher than the first temperature.

Abstract: A method for ascertaining a fill level of at least one exhaust-gas component, which can be stored in a catalytic converter and which is generated in a combustion process, in the catalytic converter, wherein a variation of the fill level of the at least one exhaust-gas component in the catalytic converter during the combustion process is determined, wherein, during time periods in which the combustion process is not operated, a diffusion-induced change of the fill level of the at least one exhaust-gas component in the catalytic converter is determined, and wherein, on the basis of the determined variation during the combustion process and the diffusion-induced change, a fill level of the at least one exhaust-gas component in the catalytic converter is ascertained. The invention furthermore relates to a processing unit and to a computer program for carrying out such a method.