Abstract: An exhaust system, comprising a LP-EGR system that couples an exhaust system to an intake system and an exhaust pipe within the exhaust system with a turn greater 90 degrees and less than 270 degrees between front and rear tires and upstream of a LP-EGR exhaust inlet; and a muffler positioned in the exhaust system downstream of the LP-EGR exhaust inlet and forward of the front tires. By shortening the LP-EGR path, back pressure to sustain EGR flow can be maintained without the use of a back pressure valve.

Abstract: The present application thus provides a gas turbine engine system. The gas turbine engine system may include a gas turbine engine, a nitrogen oxides reduction system in communication with a flow of combustion gases downstream from the gas turbine engine, and a nitrogen oxides controller to control the ratio of nitrogen dioxide to nitrogen oxides in the flow of combustion gases entering the nitrogen oxides reduction system.

Abstract: An engine system for a machine is disclosed. The engine system may have an intake manifold configured to direct air into a donor cylinder and a non-donor cylinder of an engine. The engine system may also have a first exhaust manifold configured to direct exhaust from the non-donor cylinder to the atmosphere. The engine system may also have a second exhaust manifold configured to receive exhaust from the donor cylinder. The engine system may further have a control valve configured to selectively direct a first amount of exhaust from the second exhaust manifold to the intake manifold. In addition, the engine system may have an orifice configured to allow a second amount of exhaust to flow from the second exhaust manifold to the first exhaust manifold.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, inside of an engine exhaust passage, a hydrocarbon feed valve (15) and an exhaust purification catalyst (13) are arranged. At the time of engine operation, the amplitude of change of the concentration of hydrocarbons which flow into the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is made to become within a predetermined range of amplitude by control of the injection amount of hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon feed valve (15), the concentration of hydrocarbons flowing into the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is made to vibrate by a predetermined range of period by control of the injection period of hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon feed valve (15), and thereby the NOx contained in the exhaust gas and the NOx stored in the exhaust purification catalyst (13) are reduced.

Abstract: A saddle-ride type vehicle which includes catalyst devices in left and right exhaust flow passages can suppress effect of the catalyst devices on the reach to the ground even if the sizes of catalysts are large. The vehicle includes: exhaust flow passages connected to a multi-cylinder engine and disposed independently on left and right sides of a vehicle body; a first catalyst device provided in a middle of the left exhaust flow passage; a second catalyst device provided in a middle of the right exhaust flow passage; a swing arm pivotally supporting a rear wheel such that the rear wheel is swingable, the saddle-ride type vehicle includes silencers connected to portions of the exhaust flow passages downstream of the first catalyst device and the second catalyst device, and the first catalyst device and the second catalyst device are arranged side by side below the swing arm.

Abstract: A method, comprising purging a storage catalytic converter of stored NOx by diverting only a portion of incoming exhaust flow around the catalytic device while increasing injection of reductant to the storage catalytic converter; and responsive to the diverting, adjusting injection of an ammonia-containing fluid into recombined exhaust flow upstream of an SCR catalytic converter. Bypass of the storage catalytic converter reduces available oxygen and air flow through the storage catalytic converter, providing a more advantageous environment for reduction of NOx in the storage catalytic converter.

Abstract: Described are SCR catalyst systems comprising a first SCR catalyst composition and a second SCR catalyst composition arranged in the system, the first SCR catalyst composition promoting higher N2 formation and lower N2O formation than the second SCR catalyst composition, and the second SCR catalyst composition having a different composition than the first SCR catalyst composition, the second SCR catalyst composition promoting lower N2 formation and higher N2O formation than the first SCR catalyst composition. The SCR catalyst systems are useful in methods and systems to catalyze the reduction of nitrogen oxides in the presence of a reductant.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system is disclosed. The aftertreatment system can include a hydrolysis catalyst disposed within a first canister adjacent to a downstream end of the first canister and a nozzle positioned to inject reductant into the first canister upstream of the hydrolysis catalyst. A particulate collection device, which may be catalyzed to promote NOX reduction in the presence of the reductant, can be disposed within a second canister of the aftertreatment system adjacent to an upstream end thereof. An exhaust conduit can extend from the downstream end of the first canister to the upstream end of the second canister. An interior volume within the exhaust conduit can extend from an upstream end adjacent to and in fluid communication with the hydrolysis catalyst to a downstream end adjacent to and in fluid communication with the particulate collection device.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, inside of an engine exhaust passage, an NOx adsorption part and an NOx purification part are arranged. The NOx purification part has the property of reducing NOx which is contained in exhaust gas if the concentration of hydrocarbons is made to vibrate by within a predetermined range of amplitude and within a predetermined range of period. When NOx is to be desorbed from the NOx adsorption part, the current NOx which is contained in the exhaust gas and the NOx which is desorbed from the NOx adsorption part are reduced by making the concentration of hydrocarbons of the NOx purification part vibrate by the amplitude and period which are set for the current engine operating state, at least of which (?T·k) has been corrected so that the amount of hydrocarbons becomes greater.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for injecting water during an engine cylinder deactivation event so as to reduce an exhaust catalyst regeneration requirement following the cylinder deactivation. In one example, water is injected at one or more deactivated engine cylinders to reduce oxidation of the exhaust catalyst. Then, during engine cylinder reactivation, a degree of richness of a combustion air-to-fuel ratio may be reduced to decrease fuel penalty to the engine while reducing NOx emission.

Abstract: An exhaust system with post-operation cooling for a vehicle is provided. The vehicle generally has a heat generating device that generates exhaust gas. The exhaust system includes an exhaust gas conduit through which at least a portion of the exhaust gas is flowable and dischargeable, and at least one exhaust gas component in fluid communication with the exhaust gas conduit. The exhaust system also includes an air intake conduit through which outside air is flowable, and an air pump in fluid communication with the air intake conduit. The air intake conduit is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas conduit upstream of the at least one exhaust gas component. The air pump is configured to draw the outside air into the air intake conduit such that the outside air is supplied to the exhaust gas conduit to cool the at least one exhaust gas component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating a gas containing nitrogen oxides (NOx), in which an NOx-reduction reaction is carried out using a nitrogen-containing reducing agent, which invention is characterized in that the catalyst used for the reduction reaction is a catalytic system containing a composition comprising zirconium, cerium and niobium in the following percentages by weight, expressed in terms of the weight of oxide: 10-50% of cerium, 5-20% of niobium and the remainder consisting of zirconium.

Abstract: A system for storing ammonia in and releasing ammonia from a storage material capable of binding and releasing ammonia reversibly by adsorption or absorption for a process with a gradual ammonia demand that can vary over the time. The system has a container capable of housing the ammonia-containing storage material; a heating source arranged to supply heat for the desorption of ammonia from the solid storage medium; and a controller arranged to control the heating source to release ammonia. The heating source may be arranged inside the container and surrounded by ammonia storage material. A controllable dosing valve is arranged to dose released ammonia according to the ammonia demand. The controller comprises a feed-forward control arranged to control the heat supplied by the heating source, based on the ammonia demand.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system including an exhaust passage in communication with an engine that produces an exhaust. An exhaust canister is coupled to the exhaust passage, and the exhaust canister supports a plurality of exhaust treatment components therein for treating the exhaust, wherein exhaust canister is removable from the exhaust passage, and the exhaust treatment components are removable from the exhaust canister.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, inside of an engine exhaust passage, a hydrocarbon feed valve (16), an exhaust purification catalyst (13), a particulate filter (14), and an NO2 reduction catalyst (15) are arranged. At the time of engine operation, the amplitude of change of the concentration of hydrocarbons which flow into the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is made to become within a predetermined range of amplitude by control of the injection amount of hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon feed valve (16). When the NO2 which is produced at the particulate filter (14) should be reduced to NO, the injection amount of hydrocarbons is increased whereby the pass through amount of hydrocarbons which pass straight through the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is increased.

Abstract: Described is a selective catalytic reduction catalyst comprising an iron-promoted 8-ring small pore molecular sieve. Systems and methods for using these iron-promoted 8-ring small molecular sieves as catalysts in a variety of processes such as abating pollutants in exhaust gases and conversion processes are also described.

Abstract: One form of the present application is an apparatus including an internal combustion engine structured to produce an exhaust flow, an exhaust system structured to receive the exhaust flow, and a reductant injector structured to inject reductant into a primary passage of the exhaust system upstream of a catalyst. The apparatus further includes an injector passage structured to receive a portion of exhaust upstream of the injector and further structured to flow the exhaust into the primary passage around the injector in a manner such that deposit formation is reduced.

Abstract: An on-board diagnostics system for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The system comprises a catalyzed substrate having a catalyzed region and an uncatalyzed region, a first sensor, and a second sensor. The first sensor is located within the catalyzed region of the catalyzed substrate and the second sensor is located within the uncatalyzed region of the catalyzed substrate. A method for on-board diagnostics of the catalyzed substrate is also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust gas-treating device (1) for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, especially of a motor vehicle, has a housing (2), which has a jacket (3) extending circumferentially on the side and two end-side end bottoms (4, 5). Maintenance is simplified with at least one mounting tube (6), which passes through one or the first end bottom (4) and into the outlet end (8) of which a particle filter (7) is plugged axially from the outside, with a deflecting housing (9). The deflecting housing (9) contains a deflecting chamber (10), and has at least one inlet (11) communicating with the deflecting chamber (10) and at least one outlet (12) communicating with the deflecting chamber (10). A fastening device (13) is provided for detachably fastening the respective inlet (11) at the respective outlet end (8) of the mounting tube (6).

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device capable of enhancing handling operability such as maintenance of an engine includes two gas purification bodies which purify exhaust gas discharged from the engine, inner cases in which the gas purification bodies are incorporated, and outer cases in which the inner cases are incorporated. The outer cases are arranged side by side in a moving direction of exhaust gas and connected to each other. One of the adjoining inner cases is inserted into the other inner case to form a double-layer structure. A loosely-fitting gap is formed between an inner side surface of the one inner case and an outer side surface of the other inner case.

Abstract: The invention provides an exhaust gas cleaning oxidation catalyst and in particular to an oxidation catalyst for cleaning the exhaust gas discharged from internal combustion engines of compression ignition type (particularly diesel engines). The invention further relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising an oxidising catalyst on a substrate monolith for use in treating exhaust gas emitted from a lean-burn internal combustion engine. In particular, the invention relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising a first washcoat coating and a second washcoat coating, wherein the second washcoat coating is disposed in a layer above the first washcoat coating.

Abstract: Embodiments of a pre-turbo catalyst positioned within a turbine in a turbocharger of an engine are disclosed. In one example approach, a turbocharger for an engine comprises a turbine and a catalyst substrate mounted directly within the turbine.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes: a NOx purification catalyst arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine; a degradation degree estimating unit estimating a degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst; and an air-fuel ratio control unit adjusting an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing into the NOx purification catalyst, wherein, until the estimated degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst reaches a predetermined degradation degree, the air-fuel ratio control unit adjusts the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas to a rich air-fuel ratio, and, when the estimated degradation degree of the NOx purification catalyst exceeds the predetermined degradation degree, the air-fuel ratio control unit changes the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas from the rich air-fuel ratio to a lean air-fuel ratio so that the NOx purification catalyst is regenerated.

Abstract: A method to produce a NOx trap composition, and its use in a NOx trap and in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The NOx trap composition is produced by heating an iron-containing zeolite in the presence of an inert gas and an organic compound to produce a reductively calcined iron/zeolite. A palladium compound is then added to the reductively calcined iron/zeolite, and the resulting Pd—Fe/zeolite is then calcined at 400 to 600° C. in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas to produce the NOx trap composition. The NOx trap composition shows low temperature NO capacity below 200° C., as well as an additional NO storage temperature window in the 200 to 250° C. range.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, an internal combustion engine includes an oxidation catalyst configured to receive an exhaust gas flow from the internal combustion engine, a urea injector positioned downstream of the oxidation catalyst to inject a urea flow into the exhaust gas flow and a mixer positioned downstream of the urea injector to mix the exhaust gas flow and the urea flow to form a mixed exhaust gas and urea flow. The engine also includes a particulate filter and catalytic reduction assembly positioned downstream of the mixer to receive the mixed exhaust and urea flow from the mixer to form a treated exhaust gas flow and an exhaust gas recirculation system coupled to the particulate filter to receive a portion of the treated exhaust gas flow and recirculate the portion of the exhaust gas flow to be mixed with a fresh air flow for the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine purifies exhaust gas in a first exhaust path and a second exhaust path. The device includes a confluent path. The confluent path extends from a confluent section of the first exhaust path and the second exhaust path. A first auxiliary NOx catalyst is provided in the first exhaust path. A second auxiliary NOx catalyst is provided in the second exhaust path. A main NOx catalyst is provided in the confluent path. A first addition section adds an ammonia source in a first addition amount to a section upstream of the first auxiliary NOx catalyst to supply urea water to the first auxiliary NOx catalyst. A second addition section adds an ammonia source in a second addition amount to a section upstream of the second auxiliary NOx catalyst to supply urea water to the second auxiliary NOx catalyst.

Abstract: A mixing and/or evaporating device (12) for an exhaust system (5) of a combustion engine (1), in particular of a motor vehicle, includes a support body (19), which encloses a flat cross section through which a flow can flow running transversely to the axial direction (20) of the device (12) in the circumferential direction (32). The support body (19) comprises two long side walls (21, 22) located opposite each other and two short side walls (23, 24) located opposite each other, wherein the short side walls (23, 24) each connect the two long side walls (21, 22) with each other. At least on one long side wall (21, 22) at least on one axial end (26, 27), a plurality of guide blades (25) is arranged. The guide blades (25) stand away in a direction of the other long side wall (21, 22) and are angled relative to the axial direction (20).

Abstract: A mixing element positioned at an exhaust outlet of a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) module is provided. The mixing element includes a base plate having an upper surface and a lower surface. The base plate is configured to deflect a portion of a flow of a fluid around the upper surface thereof. The mixing element also includes a plurality of vanes attached to the lower surface of the base plate in a spaced apart arrangement. The plurality of vanes is configured to induce a swirling effect in a flow of the fluid received therebetween.

Abstract: A Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) that includes urea, demineralized water and between 5 and 300 ppm formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propianaldehyde, or butyraldehyde, and this formulation of DEF include less than 0.6 ppm of phosphates, calcium, iron, aluminum, magnesium, sodium, and potassium, the formulation also includes less than 0.3 ppm copper, zinc, chromium, and nickel. This formulation of DEF reduces the accumulation of urea deposit in the diesel exhaust system relative to other formulation of specification grade DEF that include less formaldehyde.

Abstract: An engine with an exhaust treatment device (2) wherein a rotation moment of a side support stay (12) is generated by a load of a side portion (50) received by side support stay fastening tool (13) via an edge portion (21) of a cutout groove (20). As a result, a load of the side portion (50) of the exhaust treatment device (2) can be supported by the side support stay (12). A one-side temporary mount portions (22) is provided in a one-side support stay (10). The one-side support stay (10) can be temporarily mounted on the one-side temporary mount portions (22).

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine is provided herein. The exhaust system includes an emission control device and an exhaust manifold having a plurality of runners merging at a confluence section positioned upstream of the emission control device. The exhaust system further includes a mixer plate positioned in the confluence section, the mixer plate including a central opening and a plurality of louvered vents positioned axially around the central opening, the louvered vents having angled openings facing a common rotational direction.

Abstract: The phenomenon of resonance in a catalyst converter due to a flow of an exhaust gas is reduced without causing problems with vehicle layout, problems with manufacturing (higher manufacturing cost), or adverse influences on other facets of performance. An internal combustion engine includes an internal combustion engine main body having a fuel chamber formed in an interior, and a catalyst converter arranged in an exhaust flow channel of the internal combustion engine main body and provided with a catalyst for purifying the exhaust gas. The exhaust flow channel, which is upstream of the catalyst of the catalyst converter, is provided with a protuberance for disturbing the flow of the exhaust gas in the exhaust flow channel to reduce pressure pulsations of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A reducing agent tank includes a tank body storing reducing agent and a cylindrical gauge member visually indicating a storage amount of the reducing agent inside the tank body. The gauge member is in communication with an inside of the tank body. The tank body has a replenishment port to replenish the reducing agent. The gauge member is provided on a first wall surface of a plurality of wall surfaces defining the tank body. The gauge member is provided in a slanted manner relative to a bottom plate of the tank body. The replenishing port and the gauge member are disposed in a row along a direction that extends along the first wall surface as seen in a plan view.

Abstract: A power generation system capable of eliminating NOxcomponents in the exhaust gas by using a 3-way catalyst, comprising a gas compressor to increase the pressure of ambient air fed to the system; a combustor capable of oxidizing a mixture of fuel and compressed air to generate an expanded, high temperature exhaust gas; a turbine that uses the force of the high temperature gas; an exhaust gas recycle (EGR) stream back to the combustor; a 3-way catalytic reactor downstream of the gas turbine engine outlet which treats the exhaust gas stream to remove substantially all of the NOx components; a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG); an EGR compressor feeding gas to the combustor and turbine; and an electrical generator.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlling reductant levels in an SCR catalyst are provided. In one aspect, reductant levels are adjusted in response to a ratio of change of NOx conversion efficiency to a change of reductant level. In another aspect, reductant injection levels are periodically adjusted to see if NOx conversion efficiency is better or worse at the adjusted levels.

Abstract: A treatment device configured to receive a flow of exhaust from a power source is disclosed. The treatment device may have a first layer, a second layer, and a substrate layer. The first layer may include a selective catalytic reduction layer, and the second layer may be disposed downstream of the first layer and include an oxidation catalyst support. The substrate layer may be disposed adjacent to the second layer. Additionally, an additive may be disposed downstream of the first layer. The additive may be operative to substantially prohibit migration of a component of the second layer to the first layer upon treatment of the flow of exhaust by the oxidation catalyst support.

Abstract: An engine has an exhaust gas treatment apparatus attached thereto, wherein an exhaust pipe can be prevented from being damaged by a vibration of the engine body. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus is supported by an engine body and the engine body and the exhaust gas treatment apparatus communicate with each other through an exhaust pipe. The casing of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus consists of a plurality of casing units separable from each other. Connection flanges are disposed in respective end portions of the casing units. The casing units are coupled together by a connection of the connection flanges, and the exhaust gas treatment apparatus is supported by the engine body through the connection flanges.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine, in particular for a vehicle, includes an exhaust gas conveying duct, at least one insert disposed in the exhaust gas conveying duct for purifying the exhaust gas, an injection system disposed upstream of the insert in the flow path and a turbulizer disposed between the injection system and the insert. A flow rectifier is provided in the exhaust gas conveying duct between the turbulizer and the insert.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust control device of an engine (10) comprising a catalyst (45) in an exhaust passage (40). In this invention, the active element transforms as a solid solution in the carrier when a catalyst temperature is higher than or equal to a predetermined solid solution temperature and an atmosphere in the catalyst is an oxidation atmosphere and the active element precipitates from the carrier when the catalyst temperature is higher than or equal to a predetermined precipitation temperature and the atmosphere in the catalyst is a reduction atmosphere.

Abstract: An exhaust gas emission control system for a diesel engine, having an oxidation catalyst (DOC) (7) and a diesel particulate filter (DPF) (9) in an exhaust passage, wherein a late post-injection control unit (62), which injects fuel into a combustion chamber at a timing not contributing to combustion in DPF regeneration control, feedback controls a late post-injection amount such that a regeneration amount of soot regenerated by the DPF (9) becomes a target soot regeneration amount per unit time.

Abstract: A catalyst deterioration diagnosis method for diagnosing deterioration of a catalyst for purification of exhaust gas by using a test catalyst disposed in an exhaust gas flow path through which the exhaust gas flows, the method including an exhaust gas control step of inverting an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas in the flow path from a lean side to a rich side or from a rich side to a lean side; a measurement step of measuring a change over time in electrical resistance of the test catalyst at the inversion of the air-fuel ratio and finding a resistance change ratio of the test catalyst; and a determination step of determining catalytic deterioration of the test catalyst based on the resistance change ratio.

Abstract: An exhaust gas post treatment system for an internal combustion engine, including an intake device for taking hydrocarbons into an exhaust gas pipe carrying the exhaust process gas from the internal combustion engine and a treatment device through which exhaust process gas flows downstream of the intake location and which increases the exhaust process gas temperature by oxidation of the hydrocarbons taken in. An exhaust gas post treatment system and a method for operating the same, in that the treatment device has catalytically coated components, the hydrocarbons are at least partly evaporated in the intake device and are modified chemically by cracking reactions and/or by partial oxidation, and the proportion of platinum, at least in a subregion of the catalytic coating of the components, is less than 50% of the overall mass of all the catalytically active substances in this sub region of the coating.

Abstract: An emission control catalyst composition comprising a supported bimetallic catalyst consisting of gold and a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, copper and nickel is disclosed. Also disclosed is a catalytic convertor comprising a substrate monolith coated with the emission control catalyst composition and a lean burn internal combustion engine exhaust gas emission treatment system comprising the catalytic convertor. A variety of processes for preparing the catalyst composition are claimed.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for reducing or preventing a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst disposed on a first substrate monolith in an exhaust system of a lean-burn internal combustion engine from becoming poisoned with platinum group metal (PGM) which may volatilize from a catalyst composition comprising PGM disposed on at least one second substrate monolith upstream of the SCR catalyst. The methods comprise adsorbing volatilized PGM in at least one PGM trapping material, which is disposed on a third substrate monolith disposed between the first substrate monolith and the second substrate monolith.

Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine, particularly for a ship's diesel engine operated with heavy oil, has a SCR catalyst that uses ammonia as reductant. A nozzle is positioned upstream of the SCR catalyst viewed in flow direction of the exhaust gas. Using the nozzle, an aqueous urea solution is decomposed at a defined pressure and at a defined temperature to form water vapor, carbon dioxide and ammonia vapor such that ammonia evaporated by the nozzle is injected into the exhaust gas via the nozzle.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas treatment system that includes an SCR catalytic converter is provided. Either a model-based filling level regulation for achieving the target filling level or a model-based efficiency control for achieving the target efficiency is performed according to presettable values for certain operating variables such as a temperature of the exhaust gas or of the SCR catalytic converter.

Abstract: A diesel particulate filter (“DPF”) system that is more convenient than a conventional DPF system, including a DPF having a catalyzed soot filter (“CSF”) that is connected to an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine in order to collect particulate matter (“PM”) in exhaust gas, and a diesel oxidation catalyst (“DOC”) provided on an upstream side of the CSF; and temperature sensors provided respectively on an upstream side and a downstream side of the DOC. When a PM accumulation amount in the CSF exceeds a fixed amount, DPF regeneration is performed by setting a temperature detected by the upstream side temperature sensor at or above a first threshold and setting a temperature detected by the downstream side temperature sensor at or above a second threshold. When a breakdown is detected in the upstream side temperature sensor, the second threshold is modified upward.

Abstract: Described are catalyst compositions, catalytic articles, methods of manufacturing catalytic articles and exhaust gas treatment systems and methods that utilize the catalytic articles. The catalyst composition comprises an oxidation catalyst comprising a washcoat layer including a platinum group metal supported on a refractory metal oxide support and porous molecular sieve particles having internal pores, the molecular sieve particles protected by a protecting material selected from an organic wax encapsulating the molecular sieve particles, a polymer encapsulating the molecular sieve particles, an inorganic oxide deposited on the surface of the molecular sieve particles, or an organic compound filling the internal pores of the molecular sieve particles, wherein the protecting material prevents interaction of the molecular sieve particles with the platinum group metal.

Abstract: An aftertreatment module for the treatment of exhaust gasses from a power system includes a first aftertreatment brick and a second aftertreatment brick. The first and second aftertreatment bricks can be flow-through type catalysts for catalyzing byproducts in the exhaust gasses. The aftertreatment module can include a first channel directing the incoming exhaust gasses in a first direction through the first aftertreatment brick and a second channel directing the exhaust gasses through the second aftertreatment brick. The first and second channel can be in a side-by-side arrangement. To communicate the exhaust gasses between the first and second channels, a traverse channel can redirect the gas flow within the aftertreatment module.

Abstract: A V-type engine includes two exhaust manifolds connected to two cylinder banks. First and second exhaust ports, respectively provided in the two cylinder banks, are disposed at an inner side of V-shaped lines. Each exhaust manifold includes N branch pipes and a collecting pipe, where N is an integer not less than 2. The N branch pipes are respectively connected to N exhaust ports including at least one of the first exhaust ports and at least one of the second exhaust ports. The collecting pipe is disposed adjacent to N cylinders that are aligned in a direction parallel or substantially parallel to a crank axis direction and extends from one end to the other end of the N cylinders.