Abstract: A biomedical electrode for electrically contacting a user's skin includes a carrier layer, a backing layer, an electrical lead, a conductive member, and a gel contact member. The backing layer is disposed on the carrier layer. The electrical lead is positioned at least in part below the carrier layer. The conductive member is coupled to the electrical lead. The gel contact member is electrically coupled to the conductive member for directly contacting the user's skin. The gel contact member is electrically conductive. The gel contact member includes a gel combined with an anti-microbial agent.

Abstract: A mono-layer electrode sensor suitable for a multitude of electrophysiology testing applications is disclosed. The electrode sensor can include a mono-layer of conductive film shaped with a soft-form geometry that is modifiable to a targeted size tailored to a patient. The conductive film includes a sensing area that is complementary to a size and morphology of a body structure of the patient. The conductive film can have a connector coupled to the sensor, and the skin adherent side can have a bio-compatible hydrogel coated there over including a non-conductive material formed over the connector portion of the conductive film.

Abstract: A conductive human interface has a fabric layer with an interior surface and an exterior surface. A soft coating overlies the interior surface of the fabric layer. An electrode or sensor is included to connect with a residual limb. A conductive path connects the electrode or sensor with an electrical connector which, in turn connects with a prosthetic or other assistive device. The conductive path includes a conductor having a section overlying the fabric layer. The overlying section of the conductor can be cord of conductive thread. A nonconductive support thread can extend through the fabric layer from the exterior surface to the interior surface, and further around the conductor to secure the overlying section of the conductor to the fabric layer.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to methods of conducting an intraoperative procedure including providing an electrode assembly having a pledget substrate having a surface that is hydrophilic, at least one electrode supported by and positioned within the pledget substrate, and a lead wire assembly interconnected to the at least one electrode. Methods can further include creating an incision to access bioelectric tissue of a patient and applying the pledget substrate to the tissue, such as a nerve, for example. The pledget substrate conforms and fixates to the tissue to secure the electrode assembly in position. The electrode is then activated to record bioelectric responses of or stimulate the tissue. In some embodiments, the pledget substrate includes two bodies, each including at least one electrode, the two bodies being selectively separable so that the bodies can be repositioned with respect to one another.

Abstract: Electrodes for use in electroencephalographic recording, including consciousness and seizure monitoring applications, have novel features that speed, facilitate or enforce proper placement of the electrodes, including aligning tabs and arrowed aligning juts, color coding, and an insulating bridge between reference and ground electrodes which ensures a safe application distance between the conductive regions of the two electrodes in the event of cardiac defibrillation or to prevent shorting between the adjacent electrodes by preventing the conductive path to be shared. A method of using a set of four such electrodes is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a multi-layer body surface electrode. The multi-layer body surface electrode includes a first layer having a first diameter, a second layer having a second diameter, and a third layer having a third diameter. The second layer is positioned between the first layer and the third layer, and the second diameter is smaller than the first diameter and the third diameter.

Abstract: A cap for use with devices, such as sensors. The cap includes protrusions on its underside, to restrict the movement of a liquid or a gel placed under cap. The protrusions may take the form of walls or pillars, depending on the application. As such, the cap retains the liquid or gel in a specified position on the device. For example, an electrochemical sensor may require a liquid electrolyte to remain in place over one or more electrodes. The protrusions may not extend far enough to touch the device, but rather leave a small gap. However, because of the surface tension of the liquid, the liquid generally stays within the protrusions.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices for reducing noise in health monitoring including monitoring systems, methods and/or devices receiving a health signal and/or having at least one electrode or sensor for health monitoring.

Abstract: An adhesive composition including resin and electro-conductive material, wherein the electro-conductive material is one or more salts from sodium salt, potassium salt, and calcium salt of fluorosulfonic acid having 5 or more carbon atoms shown by the general formula (1): (R1—X—Y—SO3?)nMn+(1), wherein, R1 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1-30 carbon atoms and optionally substituted by a heteroatom or optionally interposed by a heteroatom; X represents any of a single bond, ether group, ester group, and amide group; Y represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, containing 1-6 fluorine atoms, and optionally containing a carbonyl group; Mn+ represents any of a sodium ion, potassium ion, and calcium ion. This can form a living body contact layer for a bio-electrode with electric conductivity, biocompatibility, and light weight, which can be manufactured at low cost and without electric conductivity large lowering even when wetted with water or dried.

Abstract: A sensory-and-logic system includes a ring-shaped, electrically-conductive skin sensor sized and shaped to form an electrical connection with human skin, and an electrical component surrounded by the ring-shaped, electrically-conductive skin sensor.

Abstract: Provided is a transdermal absorption sheet capable of improving strength against impact at the time of puncture. A transdermal absorption sheet includes a sheet portion and a plurality of needle-like protruding portions arranged on a first principal surface of the sheet portion, in which the sheet portion has a center portion which is a region in which the plurality of needle-like protruding portions are formed, and an outer edge portion which is a region from the center portion to an end portion, and a maximum thickness of a thickness portion of the outer edge portion is larger than an average thickness of the center portion.

Abstract: An adhesive composition including a resin and electro-conductive material, wherein the electro-conductive material is an ammonium salt of fluorosulfonic acid having 5 or more carbon atoms shown by the general formula (1): (R1—X—Z—SO3?)n Mn+ (1), wherein, R1 represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally substituted by a heteroatom or optionally interposed by heteroatom; X represents any of a single bond, ether group, ester group, and amide group; Z represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, containing 1 to 6 fluorine atoms, and optionally containing a carbonyl group; Mn+ represents a cation having one or two ammonium cation structures. This can form a living body contact layer for a bio-electrode with excellent electric conductivity, biocompatibility, and light weight, which manufactures at low cost and does not cause large lowering of the electric conductivity even when it is wetted with water or dried.

Abstract: A wiring loop structure of a skin electrode pad production machine includes a first transmission means for transmitting a strip clad substrate portion, a second transmission means for transmitting a strip conductive adhesive portion, a circulation conveyor belt with plural positioning fixtures, and two laminating rollers for laminating the clad substrate portion and the conductive adhesive portion. The first transmission means includes an assembling roller disposed above an end of the circulation conveyor belt, and the positioning fixture is provided for positioning an electrode lead, and the assembling roller strip clad is provided for adhering the substrate portion to the electrode lead, and the two laminating rollers are provided for attaching the strip clad substrate portion and the conductive adhesive portion after being laminated by the two laminating rollers, so as to facilitate the electrode lead to assemble and manufacture the electrode pad.

Abstract: A long-term effective patch structure includes a binding layer, an absorbing layer and a water-proof layer sequentially stacked together. The binding layer has a function of attaching and fixing, and is configured to be attached and fixed on a skin. Sweat or liquid from the skin can pass through the binding layer to reach the absorbing layer, which is aligned with binding layer at the edge. The water-proof layer is water-proof and has vapor permeability, and its area is larger than the area of the absorbing layer. The outer part of the water-proof layer is attachable to the skin. Since the absorbing layer can absorb the liquid from the skin and the water-proof layer can ventilate the vapor to the outside, the skin is kept dry and comfortable and suitable to be attached to human skin for a long period of time without inducing skin allergy or discomfort.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems, apparatuses, and methods for use of wearable electrode assemblies. The electrode assemblies improve comfort by providing increased overall surface area of their bottom surfaces, which make contact with the patient's scalp and hair. Collapse, compression, or telescoping of the bottom surface will thereby decrease the direct force and/or pressure applied by the distal member or members of the bottom surfaces to the skin. This may be advantageous in patients who have little to no hair in electrode contact areas, patient populations that are particularly skin-sensitive, and/or patients which must wear the electrode assemblies of an extended time period. The electrode assemblies further include structures to dispense and/or maintain conductive gel placed over the patient's skin, thereby maintaining electrical connection quality, and/or to facilitate the clearing of skin and/or hair prior to establishing an electrical connection.

Abstract: An implantable electrode paddle is adapted to receive an electrical signal from a medical device and generate an electrical field to stimulate selected body tissue. The paddle includes a housing including walls that define an interior space and a plurality of windows formed through at least a first one of the walls for transmitting the electrical field to the body tissue, an electrode array including a plurality of electrode groups, each electrode group including at least two electrodes individually secured in a respective window and spaced between about 0.1 mm and about 10 mm apart, and a plurality of wires, each of the wires being coupled to a respective electrode and routed within the interior space to receive the electrical signal. A lead assembly and an implantable medical device can include the paddle.

Abstract: An adjustable ECG sensor is attachable to a patient to sense cardiac signals and includes an adjustable leadwire having a flexible substrate, a conductor extending along the flexible substrate, and a connector end connectable to a receiver associated with an ECG monitor. The adjustable ECG sensor further includes an electrode having an electrode pad, a clip connected to the electrode pad and attachable to any one of multiple locations on the adjustable leadwire, and a pin that punctures the flexible substrate and electrically connects to the conductor of the adjustable leadwire. The adjustable ECG sensor is fitted to the patient by attaching the clip of the electrode to one of the multiple locations on the adjustable leadwire.

Abstract: The present invention provides a medical electrode, which comprises an annular adhesive pad (203) to be attached to a living being, a conductive pad (205) disposed in the central hole (207) of the annular adhesive pad, a first conductive snap element (209), a conductive element (211) and a sealing film (213). The conductive element (211) is configured to establish electrical communication between the conductive pad (205) and the first conductive snap element (209) and the sealing film (213) is attached to the annular adhesive pad (203) and to fix at least a portion of the conductive element (211) between the annular adhesive pad (203) and the sealing film (213). The flexibility and/or length of the conductive element is chosen to be large enough so as to allow the first conductive snap element (209) to move without causing the conductive pad (205) to move, resulting in reliable electrical contact between the conductive pad and the skin of the living being.

Abstract: An electrode for transcutaneously transmitting electronic signals with a first layer that is designed to retain a liquid, also at least as a result of a capillary force, and an electrically conductive polymer layer, which contains conductive particles. The first layer is partially permeated by the polymer layer such that it protrudes out of said polymer layer on at least one first side. The first layer is designed to retain a liquid, also at least as a result of a capillary force, and the electrode includes an electrode contacting layer which is partially embedded in the polymer layer, such that it protrudes out of the polymer layer on a second side opposite the first side.

Abstract: A neural-interface probe is provided. The probe may comprise a chip, a wire bundle substrate, and an encapsulant material. The chip may comprise a plurality of bond pads. The wire bundle substrate may comprise a plurality of wires extending through the substrate. The plurality of wires may comprise: (1) a proximal portion connected to the plurality of bond pads to thereby couple the chip to the substrate, and (2) a flexible distal portion configured to interface with neural matter. The encapsulant material may be disposed at least between the chip and the wire bundle substrate.

Abstract: Electrodes for use in electroencephalographic recording, including consciousness and seizure monitoring applications, have novel features that speed, facilitate or enforce proper placement of the electrodes, including aligning tabs and arrowed aligning juts, color coding, and an insulating bridge between reference and ground electrodes which ensures a safe application distance between the conductive regions of the two electrodes in the event of cardiac defibrillation or to prevent shorting between the adjacent electrodes by preventing the conductive path to be shared. A method of using a set of four such electrodes is also disclosed.

Abstract: A sensing device, designed to be used in contact with the skin, contains a plurality of individually controllable sites for electrochemically monitoring an analyte, such as glucose, in interstitial fluid of a user. The device includes at least a hydrophobic layer designed to contact the skin; a capillary channel providing an opening adjacent the skin; a metal electrode layer having a sensor layer applied to an edge portion thereof such that it is exposed to the interior of said capillary channel, the sensing layer being effective to measure the analyte.

Abstract: An improved AED training pad and liner assembly is provided with an electrical lead connection supported on the training pad. The improved training pad has an adhesive surface and a contact surface. The liner has an engagement surface for repeated adhesive engagement with a portion of the training pad adhesive surface during storage of the assembly. The training pad adhesive surface has an electrical switch supported on the adhesive surface and interconnected with the electrical lead connection. The improved liner has a recess positioned for engagement adjacent the electrical switch to prevent activation of the electrical switch by the liner during storage of the assembly when the pad and liner are adhered together.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a device for conveying power from a location external to a subject to a location within the subject The device may include a flexible carrier, an adhesive on a first side of the carrier, a coil of electrically conductive material associated with the flexible carrier, and a mechanical connector extending from a second side of the carrier opposite the adhesive. The mechanical connector may be configured to be received by and retained by a receiver associated with a housing configured for mounting on the carrier.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for monitoring the wellbeing of a fetus by the non-invasive detection and analysis of fetal cardiac electrical activity data.

Abstract: An electrode, a biosignal detecting device and a method of measuring a biosignal are provided. The electrode includes an ion conductive member configured to be attached to a body surface, a nonconductive member including a through hole and disposed on the ion conductive member, a conductive member disposed on the nonconductive member, and a nonpolarizable conductive member configured to electrically couple the ion conductive member to the conductive member.

Abstract: A mobile smart massage device includes a mobile device having a first connector; a connective wire having one end installed with a second connector connectable to the first connector of the mobile device and another end thereof being installed with a plurality of conductive connecting units each capable of being connected with a conductive adhering sheet; and a chip control module installed on the second connector of the connective wire for determination of connection coupling and for data transmission. The conductive adhering sheet is installed with a connecting portion for connecting with the conductive connecting unit. The and second first connector of the mobile device is one of a USB 2.0 socket, a USB3.0 socket, a MICRO USB plug and an AUDIO JACJ plug. The mobile device is installed with an application program which may be a mobile application.

Abstract: A system determines electrical status of patient attached leads in medical patient monitoring. The system includes a repository of data indicating multiple predetermined impedance value ranges and corresponding associated lead status information of at least one electrical lead attached to a patient for conducting electrical signals for use in patient monitoring. An impedance measurement processor automatically successively determines whether an impedance value of a particular patient attached lead of multiple electrical leads attached to a patient is within a particular impedance value range of multiple predetermined impedance value ranges. An output processor automatically communicates data comprising a message identifying an electrical status of a particular lead of the multiple electrical leads by deriving status information from the repository in response to a determination the impedance value of the particular patient attached lead is within the particular impedance value range.

Abstract: A medical patch having a multi-piece bottom liner including a central liner sequentially removable independently of two outer perimeter liners. The multi-piece liner covering two adhesives of different peel force. Removal of the central liner exposes a first temporary/repositionable adhesive. Once properly positioned, the outer perimeter liners are removed to expose a second stronger adhesive. A foam cushioning layer is disposed beneath and extends beyond a footprint of every printed circuit board to prevent skin irritation. The medical patch may be designed specifically for stimulation of the sacral (S3 foramen) spinal nerve without the use of a separate mechanical placement tool or assistance by another.

Abstract: An electrode including a non-conductive substrate having a top surface and at least one channel extending therethrough, an electrically conductive trace material positioned adjacent a portion of the top surface of the non-conductive substrate and extending through the channel, and adapted for electrically coupling to a power source, and a second electrically conductive material that is inert or more corrosion resistant than the trace material. The second material is positioned adjacent to and entirely covering a top surface of the trace material. The electrode further includes a conductive hydrogel laterally offset from the trace material, the hydrogel may be positioned adjacent to a portion of a top surface of the second electrically conductive material.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a polymeric vehicle for delivery of bioactive agents, and preferably, for the delivery of one or more bioactive agents. The invention is also directed to a percutaneous device securing and drug delivery device comprising, as a component thereof, a material which delivers antimicrobial and/or other wound-healing factors at the site of the insertion of the catheter into the body. The device, when applied as described herein, provides complete anti-microbial coverage around the entry point of a percutaneous device and, preferably for a length greater than the diameter of the device. The present invention is also directed to methods for using such devices in combination with percutaneous devices primarily to reduce site infections.

Abstract: An electrode for measuring a bio potential includes a conductive adhesive having one side configured to have at least two metal electrodes attached thereto while the electrode is being used, and another side configured to be attached to a living body while the electrode is being used, the conductive adhesive having a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness; and a supporting element configured to support the conductive adhesive while the conductive adhesive is attached to the living body; wherein an impedance is formed between the at least two metal electrodes while the at least two metal electrodes are attached to the side of the conductive adhesive, the impedance depending on a thickness of the conductive adhesive and having a value that prevents the at least two metal electrodes from being shorted together.

Abstract: An electrode configured to provide electrical contact with a subject's skin and includes a conductive layer and a gel layer. The conductive layer spreads current and transmits electrical signals to and/or receives electrical signals from the subject's skin and has a first conductive surface through which electrical signals are transmitted to and/or received from the subject's skin. The first conductive surface is on a side of the conductive layer that faces toward the subject's skin if the electrode is installed on the subject. The gel layer is formed on the same side of the conductive layer as the first conductive surface. The gel layer has a first interface surface that directly contacts the subject's skin if the electrode is installed on the subject, and to conduct electrical signals between the subject's skin and the first conductive surface. The first interface surface has a surface area larger than that of the first conductive surface.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an implantable insulated electrical circuit that utilizes polyparaxylylene, preferably as Parylene, a known polymer that has excellent living tissue implant characteristics, to provide for chronic implantation of conductive electrical devices, such as stimulators and sensors. The device is thin, flexible, electrically insulated, and stable after long exposure to living tissue. Layers of Parylene may be combined with layers of a polymer, such as polyimide, to yield greater design flexibility in the circuit. Multiple electrical conduction layers may be stacked in the circuit to increase packing density.

Abstract: A defibrillator electrode set for a defibrillator and a defibrillator which senses the capacitance of an attached electrode set includes an electrode set coupled to the defibrillator by an adapter cable. The adapter cable and electrode set are pre-connected to the defibrillator prior to use. The electrodes are stored in a sealed foil package to retard gel desiccation prior to use. To reduce the capacitance of the electrode set seen by the defibrillator, the capacitance between the stored electrodes and the foil package is reduced by using a thicker dielectric layer for the layer of an electrode which opposes a wall of the foil package. In a constructed embodiment, one sixteenth inch thick polyethylene foam may be used for the electrode layer opposing the wall of the foil package.

Abstract: An electrode assembly that includes an electrode configured to provide electrical contact with a subject's skin through a subject contact surface. The electrode includes an electrode base pad having a first contact surface on a side of the electrode opposite the subject contact surface. The electrode also includes a connector assembly configured to electrically connect the electrode to an external electrical apparatus to transfer electrical signals between the subject's skin and the external electrical apparatus. The connector assembly includes a housing having a second contact surface. The second contact surface is configured to be magnetically and electrically coupled to the first contact surface of the electrode base pad. The connector assembly also includes an electrical connector configured to connect the second contact surface to the external electrical apparatus.

Abstract: A body-worn physiological sensor includes a computation-communication module, and a flexible circuit layer configured to be coupled to a skin surface of a subject to measure physiological signals. An adhesive covers at least a portion of the flexible circuit layer and a protective covering protects the adhesive. The computation-communication module can be releasably attached to the sensor using electrical traces provided on the flexible circuit layer.

Abstract: A system for connecting remote equipment to a sensor device having a connector coupled to at least two terminals located on different portions of the sensor device. The portions of the sensor device may be an anterior portion and a posterior portion with each having at least one terminal. In turn, the terminals are nested on top of one another and at least one terminal is electrically accessible through a window region of the other portion. Further, the terminals are alignable with each other and with a connector by alignment indicators, which may provide a visual alignment indication for the terminals as well as a mechanical alignment of the connector with the sensor device.

Abstract: An patch and sensor assembly for use in an EP mapping system has two portions: a reusable portion and a disposable portion. The reusable portion houses the biosensors used in magnetic based location and mapping systems and the electrical lead necessary to communicate between the biosensor and the mapping system. The reusable portion may also contain a portion of the electrode necessary to receive electrical signals from the body of the patient. The disposable portion of the patch and sensor assembly contains an adhesive covered flexible patch having at least a portion of the electrode used to receive electrical signals form the body of the patient and may contain the electrical lead necessary to communicate such an electrical signal to the mapping system. The disposable portion contains a receptacle adapted to receive and mechanically secure the reusable portion to the disposable portion of the assembly.

Abstract: A disposable, low profile sensor overlay covering for use with biomedical sensors and which includes a framework of flexible component layers supporting an arrangement of electrostatic shielding, insulating, cushioning, and electrically conductive adhesive substrate components configured to form a protective covering encasing the sensor. The combination of component layers provides a means to stabilize the relative position of the sensor with respect to the skin and reduce the potential for sensor dislodgment. The mechanical and electrical configurations act in synergy to shield the sensor from external electrical fields and suppress movement artifact.

Abstract: A disposable, low profile biomedical sensor for detecting electrical signals from muscles and which consists of a framework of malleable and flexible component layers supporting an arrangement of conductor leads embedded within electrically conductive, adhesive, cross-linked hydrophilic polymer gel components configured to form signal detection and reference electrode contacts. The combination of component layers provides a sensor and lead cable that is flexible and can be contoured to conform to the underlying musculature. The mechanical and electrical configurations act in synergy to shield the sensor and lead cable from external electrical fields and suppress movement artifact.

Abstract: A system and method for positioning an electrode for cardiotherapy of atrial arrhythmia are described. Signals from patient electrical activity for a plurality of electrode locations on a patient are analyzed. An electrode can be repositioned to different locations on the patient to obtain signals from patient electrical activity therefrom. A human perceptible output indicative of the quality of the signals for the plurality of locations is generated and a final electrode location on the patient for placement of the electrode for cardiotherapy is identified based on the human perceptible output.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a physiological recording electrode, and, more particularly, to an EEG (electroencephalography) recording electrode that can be used without the need for numerous steps in preparing the subject's skin and the electrode itself. The invention further relates to a surface feature or penetrator with a size and shape which that will not bend or break, which limits the depth of application, and/or anchors the electrode or other device during normal application; and a packaging system comprising a well and electrolytic fluid for maintaining a coating of said electrolytic fluid on the surface feature or penetrator.

Abstract: Electrodes for use in electroencephalographic recording, including consciousness and seizure monitoring applications, have novel features that speed, facilitate or enforce proper placement of the electrodes, including any of alignment indicators, tabs and juts, color coding, and an insulating bridge between reference and ground electrodes which ensures a safe application distance between the conductive regions of the two electrodes in the event of cardiac defibrillation. A method of using a set of at least four such electrodes is also disclosed.

Abstract: A releasable liner for a sensor device having adhesive and conductive gel portions includes a flexible sheet having a free end and a fixed end, and a portion of the flexible sheet that is releasably attached to the sensor device, wherein the flexible sheet is folded upon itself so that the fixed end is generally adjacent the free end. Exerting a pulling force on the free end releases the liner in a controlled manner to uncover the adhesive and conductive gel portions of the sensor device.

Abstract: Devices and methods of treating a targeted body tissue by stimulating the body tissue with an electric current. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes an electrode carrier configured to be removably coupled to an interior surface of an orthosis. The electrode carrier includes a recess configured to matingly receive a portion of an electrode. The electrode carrier is electrically coupled to the electrode when the portion of the electrode is disposed within the recess. A connection member is electrically coupled to the electrode carrier and is configured to be releasably coupled to a surface of the orthosis. The electrode carrier is electrically coupled to the orthosis when the connection member is coupled to the orthosis. In some embodiments, the electrode carrier is configured to be removably coupled to the interior surface of the orthosis. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the electrode is constructed of an absorptive material.

Abstract: An electrode includes separate first and second electrical contacts to contact the skin of a subject. A charge-holding structure is electrically connected between the first and second contacts. An indicator is operatively coupled to the charge-holding structure so that the indicator changes visibly in response to a change in the charge stored in the charge-holding structure. The electrode can include a rectifier across the contacts. A container for electrodes includes an electrical supply and a plurality of receptacles for electrodes so that a voltage difference is maintained across conductors of each receptacle (and contacts of an electrode therein) for at least one week. A method of making electrodes includes arranging the contacts over a support, connecting the charge-holding structure between them, arranging the indicator over the support, and charging the charge-holding structure so that the indicator has a first visual appearance.

Abstract: An electrode patch monitoring device that enables fast and accurate application is described. According to some embodiments, the electrode patch monitoring device comprises an array of electrodes for monitoring bioelectrical data that are formed on a flexible substrate. The electrode patch monitoring device may be available in a plurality of sizes, and various methods are provided for selecting an appropriate size according to the physiology of a patient. Methods for applying the electrode patch monitoring device to the patient's body are also provided.

Abstract: A release liner for electrode pads is described which enables the pads to be used with defibrillators requiring the electrodes to be electrically interconnected for self-test prior to use, and with defibrillators which do not require the electrodes to be electrically interconnected. In one example this variation is afforded by folding the release liner one way to electrically connect conductive layers underlying two attached electrodes. In another example this variation is afforded by leaving the conductive layers electrically connected or breaking the connection.

Abstract: Provided is a device and method for adhering a solid state diode onto a patient and allowing for monitoring during radiation treatment. More particularly, a diode is placed onto a patient. The diode applicator disc is placed on top of the diode with the center of the diode in the transparent area of the applicator disc. The radiation therapist can verify that the diode is held on the point of interest before the applicator disc is applied to secure the diode to the patient's skin. The transparent center allows for proper visualization during the radiation treatment, and the diode measurement can be taken in real time. Preferred embodiment comprises a foam layer that surrounds the diode, a central aperture, a transparent area for visualization of the diode, and an adhesive layer for attachment to the patient's skin.