Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring and managing neurological diseases and conditions are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a method for monitoring a patient having a neurological disease or condition includes receiving, from one or more patient monitoring devices, first patient data for a baseline time period. The method can include determining, based on the first patient data, first seizure data and first side effect data during the baseline time period. The method can further include receiving, from the one or more patient monitoring devices, second patient data for a treatment time period, and determining, based on the second patient data, second seizure data and second side effect data during the treatment time period. The method can also include generating a personalized dose-response profile for the patient based on the first and second seizure data and the first and second side effect data.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a blood pressure measuring apparatus includes a blood pressure measurement unit, a warning estimator, and a signal output unit. The measurement unit measures blood pressure of a target person. The estimator monitors variation of blood pressure measured by the measurement unit and estimates the variation of the blood pressure as a sign of a blood pressure increase associated with an onset of sleep apnea syndrome if the blood pressure continuously decreases to a preset threshold or lower for a predetermined time or longer. The output unit outputs a sign notification signal to outside of the apparatus if the sign is estimated by the estimator.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for signal processing. The methods may include: directing a transmitter to transmit a beam of light to the subject; receiving a first signal collected by a first receiver according to a first receiving parameter of the first receiver, the first signal being reflected by the subject in response to the beam of light and at least comprising a photoplethysmograph (PPG) signal relating to the subject and a moving/vibrating signal relating to the subject; receiving a second signal collected by a second receiver according to a second receiving parameter of the second receiver, the second signal being reflected by the subject in response to the beam of light and at least comprising the moving/vibrating signal; identifying the PPG signal of the subject in the first signal by removing the moving/vibrating signal from the first signal based on the second signal.

Abstract: A serviceable wearable cardiac treatment device for continuous extended use by an ambulatory patient includes a garment and a device controller. The garment is configured to dispose therein a plurality of ECG sensing and therapy electrodes. The device controller is configured to be in separable electrical communication with the plurality of ECG sensing and therapy electrodes. The device controller includes an impact-resistant energy core, including a frame and capacitor(s) permanently bonded to the frame. The device controller includes a critical function circuit board, including critical function processor(s) and circuitry, and a non-critical function circuit board, including non-critical function processor(s) and circuitry. The critical function circuit board is in electrical communication with the capacitor(s) and configured to control critical operations of the device controller regardless of operability of the non-critical function circuit board.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring patients with a chronic disease such as heart failure are disclosed. The system may include a physiological sensor circuit to sense physiological signals and generate signal metrics from the physiological signals. The system may include a health status analyzer circuit to use the signal metrics to generate one or more stability indicators of patient health status, such as stability of heart failure status. The system may additionally generate one or more health status indicators indicating patient health status such as heart failure progression. A patient disposition decision may be generated using the health status indicators and the stability indicators to provide an indication of readiness for patient discharge from or a risk of admission to a hospital.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of preparing process data for use in an artificial intelligence (AI) model includes collecting and storing raw data as episodic data for each episode of a process. An episode data generator assigns an episode identifier each set of episodic data. The raw data per episode is transformed into a standardized episodic data format that is usable by the AI model. Metrics are assigned to the episodic data and the episodic data is aggregated in an episode store. The data in the episode store is used by a feature extraction and learning module to extract and rank features.

Abstract: A terminal device can include a metal contact component. The metal contact component can include a metal substrate and a non-allergenic contact layer which is on the metal substrate and the non-allergenic contact layer forms a part of outer surface of the terminal device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a preferred fitness state of a use are disclosed. The system includes at least a sensor that detects at least a biological parameter of a user and a fitness state soring module that generates a current user fitness state using machine-learning and the at least a biological parameter. Methods of providing a preferred fitness state of a user include detecting at least a biological parameter of a user, determining by a fitness state sorting module a current user fitness state and determining a user specific recommendation by the fitness state sorting module.

Abstract: Disclosed are a reader device, system, and method for communicating with a wireless sensor. The reader device may be configured to analyze the strength of a response signal transmitted from the wireless sensor in response to an excitation pulse generated by the reader device. In one embodiment, the reader device may be configured to engage be placed in a plurality of modes to allow the reader to transmit a signal, such as a short pulse of energy or a short burst of radio frequency energy to cause the wireless sensor to output a resonant signal. The reader device may receive the resonant signal from the wireless sensor and evaluate it against predetermined values. The evaluated signals may be used to assess the strength and the proximity of the reader device relative to the wireless sensor as it is implanted in a patient.

Abstract: A wireless system and method for measuring and analyzing blood in a user's body is provided. The system includes a processing, power, and communication component (PPC) having a hardware unit and first housing enclosing the hardware unit; a probe having a piezoelectric crystal and second housing enclosing the piezoelectric crystal; a dock having a sensor and third housing enclosing the sensor. The second housing is spaced apart from the first housing. The third housing is adapted to removably couple to the first housing. The piezoelectric crystal can transmit an ultrasound wave into the body, receive a return ultrasonic wave, convert the return wave into an electrical signal, and transmit the signal to the sensor. The sensor is configured to receive and then transmit the electronic signal to the hardware unit, which is configured to wirelessly transmit a data set based on the electronic signal to a computer device.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing if a patient is suffering from a stroke include: positioning a headset around the patient's head to receive vibrations generated by a cerebral vasculature of the patient's brain, the headset including at least one microphone or accelerometer; processing the received vibrations to obtain a signal; analyzing the signal to identify a pattern indicative of a stroke; and determining that the patient is suffering from a stroke based upon the result of a CT scan of the patient's brain and neck and the identified pattern indicative of a stroke.

Abstract: Blood pressure is estimated in a non-constraining manner continuously and in real time. A biological signal collected from a person's dorsal part is analyzed, vibration in the human body ascribable to a blood flow rate change in a period from the ventricular filling period to the isovolumetric systole is captured, and the state of fluctuation of an index indicating the state of the in vivo vibration is further captured. This fluctuation index correlates with a person's blood pressure. Therefore, it is possible to estimate whether the blood pressure is in a range indicating a normal-range blood pressure or in a range indicating a high blood pressure, only by having the person sit or lie supine on a surface provided with a biological signal measurement device to measure a biological signal in a non-constraining manner, so as to make the biological signal measurement device contiguous with the person's dorsal part.

Abstract: In some examples, a device includes a memory configured to store a first relationship between a blood pressure and another physiological parameter of a patient, the first relationship being indicative of cerebral autoregulation of the patient. The device also includes processing circuitry configured to receive first and second signals indicative of the blood pressure and the physiological parameter, respectively, of a patient. The processing circuitry is also configured to determine an expected value and an actual value of the physiological parameter at a particular blood pressure value of the first physiological signal. The processing circuitry is configured to determine, based on a difference between the actual value and the expected value, and store, in the memory, a second relationship between the blood pressure and the physiological parameter, the second relationship being indicative of a change in the cerebral autoregulation of the patient from the first relationship.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information may include: a bio-signal acquirer configured to acquire a bio-signal; and a processor configured to extract one or more first feature values from the bio-signal, determine a scale factor based on the first feature values, and to estimate bio-information based on the scale factor and the first feature values.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring vital signs and motion from a patient comprising a plurality of sensors, each comprising a processor and analog-to-digital converter configured to generate the physiologic data waveform(s) from the sensor as synchronized, separately resolvable digital data comprising a header indicating the sensor from which the digital data originates, and to transmit the physiologic data waveform(s) to a processing system via a cable comprising a terminal connector that reversibly mates with one of a plurality functionally equivalent of connectors to operably connect the sensor to the processing system. The processing system receive sthe physiologic data waveforms and determines therefrom one or more vital signs for the individual, which are transmitted to a remote vital sign monitor.

Abstract: A system for monitoring blood distribution in a subject, the system comprising a processor(38) responsive to Doppler ultrasound data representing arterial blood flow in at least two different locations of the subject, such as the neck and the arm, to obtain velocity (C, B1, B2, B3) or volumetric flow rate at each location, to monitor changes in a predetermined function of the blood flows, and to provide an output indicative of the monitored changes which may result from blood volume centralization. This can indicate the onset of hypovolemia or hypervolemia.

Abstract: A medical network service can replace or supplement some or all of an expensive internally staffed clinical facility network with a cloud-based networking service. The medical network service in certain embodiments can provide networking services via software as a service technologies, platform as a service technologies, and/or infrastructure as a service technologies. The medical network service can provide these services to large existing clinical facilities such as metropolitan hospitals as well as to smaller clinical facilities such as specialized surgical centers. The medical network service can replace and/or supplement existing IT networks in hospitals and other clinical facilities and can therefore reduce costs and increase security and reliability of those networks. In addition, the medical network service can provide synergistic benefits that can improve patient outcomes and patient care.

Abstract: Computer based systems and methods for estimating a user state are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods comprise inputting a first input at an intermittent interval and a second input at a frequent interval into a user state estimation model to estimate the user state. In some embodiments, the first inputs are enhanced by injecting a noise input to create a plurality of enhanced first inputs whereby the plurality of enhance first inputs correspond to the plurality of second inputs at the frequent interval. In some embodiments, the first input comprises a self-reported input and the second inputs comprise a physiological input, a performance input or a situational input. In some embodiments, a machine learning algorithm creates the state estimation model. In some embodiments, the state estimation model estimates a future user state. In some embodiments, a computer based system for estimating a user state is provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods to determine a composite respiration phase of a patient are disclosed, including a signal receiver circuit to receive first and second physiologic information of a patient, and an assessment circuit to determine first respiration phase information of the first physiologic information and to determine the composite respiration phase of the patient using the determined first respiration phase information and the second physiologic information.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for determining a maximum value of a heart rate data of a user performing a physical activity. Acquire first heart rate data in a first duration of the physical activity performed by the user. Acquire motion data in the first duration of the physical activity performed by the user. Calculate second heart rate data based on the motion data in the first duration of the physical activity performed by the user by a mathematical model and estimate the maximum value of the heart rate data of the user based on a comparison between the first first heart rate data and the second heart rate data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring patients for risk of worsening heart failure (WHF) are discussed. A patient management system includes a sensor circuit to receive respiration measurements, and an input device to receive patient dyspnea descriptor indicating dyspnea symptom severity. The system includes a risk analyzer circuit to trend the respiration measurement over time, and to generate a WHF risk indicator using both the trended respiration measurement and the received dyspnea descriptor. A control circuit controls the receiver circuit to receive the dyspnea descriptor in response to the trended respiration measurement satisfying a specific condition. The system can present the WHF risk indicator to a user or a process, or deliver or adjust a HF therapy based on the WHF risk indicator.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for providing ongoing monitoring and updating of blood volume status, where the system or method can include guidance in the form of recommendations for treatment actions or alerts about altered patient status.

Abstract: An interconnect assembly includes a main body being formed of flexible material and extending between a first end and a second end, the main body having a thickness defined by a top surface and a bottom surface. The interconnect assembly also includes a first connection port located proximate the first end. The interconnect assembly further includes a second connection port located proximate the second end. The interconnect assembly yet further includes a copper trace having a first contact and a second contact, the first contact disposed on the top surface and located adjacent to the first connection port, and the second contact located on the top surface and adjacent to the second connection port.

Abstract: An automated age detection system employing a patient monitoring lead assembly and a patent monitoring device. In operation, the patient monitoring lead assembly conducts electrical activity of a heart of a patient to the patient monitoring device. In response thereto, the patient monitoring device classifying the patient as an adult patient or a pediatric patient as a function of electrocardiogram feature(s) derived from electrocardiogram measurement(s) of the electrical heart activity. The patient monitoring device may further estimate the age as a function of electrocardiogram feature(s). The classification facilitates an appropriate application of an adult analysis or a pediatric analysis of the electrical heart activity.

Abstract: The present specification discloses a neuromodulation system comprising a transcranially mounted neuromodulation device and a stimulation control computing environment. The disclosed neuromodulation device comprising at least one ultrasound transducer and at least one EEG electrode and the disclosed stimulation control computing environment comprises a stimulation control unit and offline computing device, the disclosed stimulation control unit including associated systems and methods for controlling the neuromodulation device functionality using acoustic simulations performed on brain image data as well as methods and uses of such neuromodulation systems in modulating brain activity using focused ultrasound stimulation of the thalamus and thalamic sub regions during certain phases of slow wave brain oscillations in order to treat various neural-based disorders or conditions including sleep disorders.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a pressure sensor assembly and an implantable medical device that includes such assembly are disclosed. The assembly includes a substrate having a via that extends through the substrate along a via axis between a first major surface and a second major surface of the substrate, a membrane disposed on the first major surface of the substrate and over the via, and a patterned metal layer disposed on a first major surface of the membrane, a portion of such layer including a first capacitor plate. The assembly further includes an integrated circuit disposed adjacent to the first major surface of the membrane and electrically connected to the metal layer. The integrated circuit includes a second capacitor plate disposed on or within a substrate of the integrated circuit. The first capacitor plate and the second capacitor plate form a variable capacitor disposed along the via axis.

Abstract: A catheter system for treating a treatment site within or adjacent to a vessel wall or a heart valve includes an energy source, a balloon, an energy guide, and an electrical analyzer assembly. The energy source generates energy. The balloon is positionable substantially adjacent to the treatment site. The balloon has a balloon wall that defines a balloon interior that receives a balloon fluid. The energy guide is configured to receive energy from the energy source and guide the energy into the balloon interior. The electrical analyzer assembly is configured to monitor a balloon condition during use of the catheter system. The electrical analyzer assembly can include a first electrode, a second electrode, and an impedance detector that is electrically coupled to the first electrode and the second electrode. The impedance detector is configured to detect impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A method and system for contextual heart rate monitoring are disclosed. In a first aspect, the method comprises calculating a heart rate using a detected ECG signal and detecting an activity level. In a second aspect, the system comprises a wireless sensor device coupled to a user via at least one electrode, wherein the wireless sensor device includes a processor and a memory device coupled to the processor, wherein the memory device stores an application which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to calculate a heart rate using a detected ECG signal and to detect an activity level.

Abstract: A catheter system and method for treating a treatment site within or adjacent to a vessel wall or a heart valve within a body of a patient includes an energy source, an inflatable balloon, an energy guide, and an acoustic sensor. The inflatable balloon is positionable substantially adjacent to the treatment site. The inflatable balloon has a balloon wall that defines a balloon interior that receives a balloon fluid. The energy guide receives energy from the energy source and guides the energy into the balloon interior. The acoustic sensor is positioned outside the body of the patient. The acoustic sensor senses acoustic sound waves generated in the balloon fluid within the balloon interior. The acoustic sensor generates a sensor signal based at least in part on the sensed acoustic sound waves.

Abstract: A method and system for providing health-monitoring alarm management have been disclosed. In a first aspect, the method comprises detecting at least one vital sign signal using a wearable sensor device and managing an alarm mechanism of the wearable sensor device based on the at least one vital sign signal. In a second aspect, the system comprises a sensor for detecting at least one vital sign signal, a processor coupled to the sensor, and a memory device coupled to the processor, wherein the memory device stores an application which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to manage an alarm mechanism of the wearable sensor device based on the at least one vital sign signal.

Abstract: Using aggregate activity data to generate a grade adjusted pace model is disclosed, including: receiving a plurality of activities; selecting a portion of the plurality of activities based at least in part on recorded heart rate information associated with the plurality of activities; and generating a Grade Adjusted Pace (GAP) model based at least in part on the selected portion of the plurality of activities.

Abstract: A weight management system for managing vehicle seat occupant body weight by using vehicle cameras and weight sensors of a plurality of vehicles having onboard communication modules. Each vehicle is equipped to analyze and compare weight changes of the vehicle seat occupant over time. Based on the weight status, a weight management recommendation can be transmitted to the vehicle seat occupant. Each vehicle is operatively connected to a weight management application in a data center. The weight management application includes a registration module which registers each vehicle. Additionally, a vehicle seat occupant may register with the weight management application to have his/her weight analyzed when travelling in any of the plurality of vehicles. The weight management application requests a search of a data lake and analysis of search results by a weight data artificial intelligence analytics program to improve the weight management recommendation.

Abstract: Implementations illustrated herein discloses a method of controlling drug titration to a patient, the method including receiving, using a processor, a sequence of depth images, each depth image including depth information for at least a portion of the patient, determining, using the processor, a sequence of physiological signals for the patient based on the sequence of depth images, analyzing, using the processor, the sequence of physiological signals for the patient to determine a change in a condition of the patient, and generating a signal to a drug infusion pump in response to determining the change in the condition of the patient.

Abstract: Methods and systems for treating epilepsy by stimulating a cranial nerve and administering to the patient a responsiveness test and comparing a result of the responsiveness test to a baseline responsiveness test and initiating a second therapy or issuing a warning based on the comparison of the result of the responsiveness test to the baseline responsiveness test.

Abstract: A congenital heart disease monitor utilizes a sensor capable of emitting multiple wavelengths of optical radiation into a tissue site and detecting the optical radiation after attenuation by pulsatile blood flowing within the tissue site. A patient monitor is capable of receiving a sensor signal corresponding to the detected optical radiation and calculating at least one physiological parameter in response. The physiological parameter is measured at a baseline site and a comparison site and a difference in these measurements is calculated. A potential congenital heart disease condition in indicated according to the measured physiological parameter at each of the sites or the calculated difference in the measured physiological parameter between the sites or both.

Abstract: A biological information measuring apparatus includes a detector, a measuring unit, a calculator, and a determining unit. The detector detects pulse waves continuously. The measuring unit measures first biological information. The calculator calculates second biological information from the pulse waves based on the first biological information. The measuring unit suspends the measurement and resumes the measurement after a lapse of a period in a case where the determining unit does not determine that the result of measurement is normal, and the measuring unit continues the measurement in other cases where the body motion is not generated, the pulse waves are not irregular or the blood pressure value fails to vary.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting worsening cardiac conditions such as worsening heart failure events are described. A system may include sensor circuits to sense physiological signals and signal processors to generate from the physiological signals first and second signal metrics. The system may include a risk stratifier circuit to produce a cardiac risk indication. The system may use at least the first signal metric to generate a primary detection indication, and use at least the second signal metric and the risk indication to generate a secondary detection indication. The risk indication may be used to modulate the second signal metric. A detector circuit may detect the worsening cardiac event using the primary and secondary detection indications.

Abstract: A gripping force measurement device includes a body portion and a plurality of pressure sensors. The plurality of pressure sensors includes at least one first sensor and two or more second sensors including pressure-sensitive surfaces oriented in the same direction. A pressure-sensitive surface of the first sensor and the pressure-sensitive surfaces of the two or more second sensors are disposed such that, when a subject pressurizes the pressure-sensitive surface of the first sensor and the pressure-sensitive surfaces of the two or more second sensors, the gripping force measurement device is grippable by the subject.

Abstract: Methods and systems for sensor fusion as a service include receiving a sensor fusion intent descriptive of desired data from a specified environment; determining candidate sensors present in the specified environment that may be used to obtain at least a portion of the desired data; and transforming the sensor fusion intent into a sensor fusion manifest by selecting a plurality of the candidate sensors to obtain respective output data, and by defining at least one action to fuse the respective output data into the desired data, wherein the sensor fusion manifest includes an identification of the selected candidate sensors and the at least one action to fuse the respective output data from the selected candidate sensors into the desired data.

Abstract: This document presents a system and method for presenting vetted and verified Supplier information to Buyers. The Know Your Suppler (TYS) Application collects previously vetted and verified Supplier information and commits the collected information, verification authorities, verification details, and transaction information to a shared distributed ledger implemented as a privately permissioned blockchain. Buyers who want to onboard a newly identified Supplier, or update Supplier information with more recently verified information records, may subscribe to the TYS Application and purchase available vetted and verified Supplier information to optimize the onboarding or updating process for Suppliers from whom the Buyer wants to purchase goods or services.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, apparatuses, and systems for performing physiological parameter signal fusion. By respectively analyzing a plurality of input physiological parameter signals, and obtaining a feature of each physiological parameter signal; according to the feature of each physiological parameter signal, obtaining and outputting a fusion state of the plurality of the physiological parameter signals; if the fusion state is a fusion of the at least two physiological parameter signals with the first physiological parameter signal is dominant, highlighting the first physiological parameter signal; and if the fusion state is a fusion of the at least two physiological parameter signals with the second physiological parameter signal is dominant, highlighting the second physiological parameter signal.

Abstract: A medical system is disclosed. The medical system can include a patient monitoring device, a patient information system, and a mobile application. The patient monitoring device can be coupled to a patient to monitor one or more physiological parameters. The patient information system can allow the patient to communicate with a clinician. The patient information system can also provide information regarding schedules, medications, and procedures to the patient. The mobile application can be communicatively coupled with the patient monitoring device and the patient information system. The mobile application can allow a clinician to receive, view, and send information to or from the patient monitoring device and the patient information system.

Abstract: A method and systems for determining an early warning score for a health status of a patient are provided. An example method includes acquiring, during a predetermined time period via sensors integrated into a wearable device worn on a wrist of the patient, initial values of medical parameters of patient. The medical parameters include a respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate, and level of consciousness. The method includes determining, based on the initial values, normal values of the medical parameters. The method includes acquiring, via the sensors and at a pre-determined frequency, further values of the medical parameters. The method includes determining, based on deviations of the further values from the normal values, individual scores for the medical parameters. The method includes calculating, based on the individual scores, a general score. The method includes determining, based on the general score, the health status of the patient.

Abstract: A conformal patch device can be provided to a patient. The patch device can include sensors configured to be positioned over a chest of a patient. The sensors can include PPG sensors, ECG sensors, and SCG sensors. The conformal patch device can to adhere to a single continuous area of the chest. Some sensors may attached to a viscoelastic substrate to achieve mechanical isolation from other patch components. The conformal patch device can capture measurements from the sensor doing a time window sufficient enough to detect disordered breathing. The system can determine disordered breathing and related cardiorespiratory parameters during the time window for the patient using the sensor measurements.

Abstract: An actuation device includes a controller that interfaces with a sensing module to cause the sensing module to be non-responsive to events of a class that exceed the threshold level of detectability. The controller may be triggered by a corresponding sensor interface to switch the sensing module to be responsive to events of the class that exceed the threshold level of detectability.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for athletic training optimization are disclosed. In one example, a fitness level change is identified. In one example, a current training intensity is updated to reflect an updated user fitness level.

Abstract: A system, computer program product and method for facilitating concurrent monitoring of multiple obstetrics patients over a data network are proposed. Data conveying pregnancy progression information, including maternal and fetal vital sign information associated with the obstetrics patients, is received and processed to derive criticality levels for the obstetrics patients. As a first feature, notification data related to a particular obstetrics patient may be selectively transmitted to a medical expert based on different conditions including for example an associated criticality level exceeding a threshold and/or receipt of a consultation request. As a second feature, used together or separately from the first, a graphical user interface (GUI) may present a user with an ordered list of obstetrics patients dynamically adaptable based on the criticality levels.

Abstract: A monitor configured to monitor autoregulation includes a memory encoding one or more processor-executable routines and a processor configured to access and execute the one or more routines encoded by the memory. When executed, the routines cause the processor to receive one or more physiological signals from a patient, determine a measure indicative of an autoregulation status of the patient based on the one or more physiological signals, generate an autoregulation alarm indicative of an impaired autoregulation status when the measure exceeds a predetermined threshold for more than a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image processing device, an image forming device, an operating device, a vital sensor, and a controller. The image processing device corrects an image. The image forming device performs an image formation of forming the image on a recording sheet. The operating device is operable by a user and through which an instruction to start the image formation by the image forming device is inputted. The vital sensor is provided at the operating device and detects a blood oxygen level of the user who is operating the operating device. The controller, when the instruction to start the image formation is inputted through the operating device, causes the image processing device to correct the image in accordance with the blood oxygen level of the user detected by the vital sensor and causes the image forming device to form a corrected image on the recording sheet.

Abstract: The embodiments herein provide a system for calibration-free cuff-less evaluation of blood pressure. The system includes an ultrasound-based arterial compliance probes and a controller unit connected to the said probe. The ultrasound transducers are configured to measure the change in arterial dimensions, pulse wave velocity, and other character traits of an arterial segment over continuous cardiac cycle, which is then used to evaluate blood pressure parameters without any calibration procedure using dedicated mathematical models.