Abstract: A biocompatible metal implant is provided with a treated surface subject to abrasive mechanical treatment, acid treatment, and sodium treatment, where the biocampatible metal implant treated surface has a macroporosity in the form of cells having dimensions of the order of 50 ?m to 250 ?m, the cells having pores of from 1 ?m to 50 ?m, and pores with a size of less than a micrometer, homogeneously over the whole of the treated surface, the treated surface having a surface roughness Ra of greater than or equal to 1.90 ?m.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, systems, and implementations for inductive heating of a foreign metallic implant are disclosed. A foreign metallic implant may be heated via AMF pulses to ensure that the surface of the foreign metallic implant heats in a uniform manner. As the surface temperature of the foreign metallic implant rises, acoustic signatures may be detected by acoustic sensors that may indicate that tissue may be heating to an undesirable level approaching a boiling point. Once these acoustic signatures are detected, the AMF pulses may be shut off for a time period to allow the surface temperature of the implant to cool before applying additional AMF pulses. In this manner, the surface temperature of a foreign metallic implant may be uniformly heated to a temperature adequate to treat bacterial biofilm buildup on the surface of the foreign metallic implant without damaging surrounding tissue.

Abstract: A method of processing a polycrystalline diamond element includes forming a protective layer over a selected portion of a polycrystalline diamond element, the polycrystalline diamond element having a polycrystalline diamond table that includes a superabrasive face, a superabrasive side surface, and a chamfer extending between the superabrasive face and the superabrasive side surface. A portion of the superabrasive side surface is covered by the protective layer and the protective layer is not formed over the chamfer. The method includes exposing at least a portion of the polycrystalline diamond element to a leaching solution. A polycrystalline diamond element has a polycrystalline diamond table that includes a leached volume extending from the superabrasive face to a portion of the chamfer proximate to the superabrasive side surface, and the leached volume does not substantially extend along the superabrasive side surface.

Abstract: Calcium phosphate and related coating powder particles comprising a surface component comprising a silicate content, plasma sprayed coatings thereof on implantable medical/dental devices, and bone grafting materials of such coated particles. Optionally, biologically active agents such as bone morphogenetic proteins, growth factors, analgesics, and antibiotics can be incorporated therein.

Abstract: An interlocking intramedullary rod assembly for treating a fracture, the assembly including an intramedullary rod having a distal section and a proximal section; a distal interlocking screw; and a proximal interlocking screw; wherein the distal section comprises a static distal seat for receiving the distal interlocking screw, and the proximal section comprises a dynamic proximal seat for receiving the proximal interlocking screw; and further wherein the static distal seat is configured to secure the distal interlocking screw to the intramedullary rod such that the distal interlocking screw cannot move relative to the intramedullary rod, and the dynamic proximal seat is configured to secure the proximal interlocking screw to the interlocking rod such that a first end of the proximal interlocking screw cannot move relative to the intramedullary rod and the second end of the proximal interlocking screw can move relative to the intramedullary rod.

Abstract: A method for coating an orthopedic implant made of a titanium or titanium alloy substrate with a cobalt-chrome molybdenum alloy uses multi-arc physical vapor deposition (MA-PVD). The substrate has a first bearing surface coated with a coating made of the deposited cobalt-chromium molybdenum alloy. The bearing surface slidably receives a second bearing surface of the prosthetic joint component. The MA-PVD cobalt-chromium molybdenum alloy coating forming the first bearing surface is made up of hexagonal close packed (HCP) grains having a columnar structure with a length of about 1 ?m and a width of about 0.1 ?m with the length of each HCP grains being oriented generally perpendicular to the titanium substrate bearing surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, in some aspects, to orthopaedic implants for securing soft tissue to bone and methods for using the same. One particular implant comprises a first exposed porous surface region, having pores for promoting bone ingrowth, and a second exposed porous surface, having pores for promoting soft tissue ingrowth. At least some of the pores of the first exposed porous surface region may be seeded with osteocytic factors and at least some of the pores of the second exposed porous surface region may be seeded with fibrocytic factors. Such orthopaedic implants can advantageously facilitate regeneration of the soft tissue to bone interface.

Abstract: A bone repair material being superior in apatite-forming ability and its stability in a storage and high in scratch resistance is disclosed. The material is produced by a method comprising the steps of: immersing a substrate made of titanium or a titanium alloy in a first aqueous solution that does not contain calcium ions but contains at least one cation selected from the group consisting of sodium ions and potassium ions and is alkaline; immersing the substrate in a second aqueous solution that does not contain phosphate ions but contains calcium ions; heating the substrate in a dry atmosphere; and treating the substrate with hot water of 60° C. or higher or with steam.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bone implant which comprises a magnesium-containing metallic material having a reduced corrosion rate and inorganic bone cement, and to methods and a kit for producing the bone implant. With a method according to the invention, it is possible to obtain a bone implant which comprises inorganic bone cement and a magnesium-containing metallic material with a corrosion-inhibiting coating which contains magnesium-ammonium phosphates. In the method according to the invention, a magnesium-containing metallic material, of which the surface has a magnesium oxide layer and/or a magnesium salt layer, is combined with inorganic bone cement in order to generate a solid composite material that comprises the inorganic bone cement and the magnesium-containing metallic material.

Abstract: A metal implant for use in a surgical procedure is provided with a surface layer that is integral with the metal substrate, and which incorporates a biocidal material. The surface layer may be grown from the metal substrate, by anodizing, and the biocidal material incorporated in it by ion exchange. Alternatively the layer may be deposited by electroplating, followed by diffusion bonding so as to become integral with the metal substrate. In either case, silver is a suitable biocidal material; and both the release rate and the quantity of biocidal material should be low to avoid toxic effects on body cells. Electropolishing the surface before formation of the surface layer is also beneficial, and this may be achieved by electropolishing.

Abstract: Medical implants with non-equilibrium surface structures are disclosed. The surface treatment of the implants greatly enhances osseointegration, reduces time to recovery following implant surgery, reduces surgery-related infections, and improves outcomes. The implants, including dental implants and other implants for insertion into or attachment to bone, are applicable to treatment of a wide variety of medical conditions. The methods of altering the surface properties of medical implants include exposure of a crystalline surface material, such as metal or ceramic, to a short burst of high thermal energy or shock, resulting in the introduction of a non-equilibrium concentration of crystal lattice defects in a surface layer.

Abstract: An endoprosthesis component and a method for producing an endoprosthesis component is disclosed. The endoprosthesis component comprises a body predefining the shape of the endoprosthesis component. On surface portions with which the endoprosthesis component in the implanted state is in contact with human tissue, the body is covered with an outer layer which comprises a nitride, an oxynitride or an oxide based on a refractory metal and which contains silver and/or copper. An intermediate layer is arranged between the outer layer and the body in such a way that parts of the intermediate layer are accessible from the outside. The endoprosthesis component enables generation of a long-term antimicrobial action with the outer layer and, in addition, action on the surrounding tissue from the intermediate layer.

Abstract: Methods are presented for a continuous, two-step, phase sequenced deposition of hydroxyapatite film over the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An arthroplasty device is provided having an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel that is strain-hardened by swelling and adapted to be held in place in a joint by conforming to a bone geometry. The strain-hardened IPN hydrogel is based on two different networks: (1) a non-silicone network of preformed hydrophilic non-ionic telechelic macromonomers chemically cross-linked by polymerization of its end-groups, and (2) a non-silicone network of ionizable monomers. The second network was polymerized and chemically cross-linked in the presence of the first network and has formed physical cross-links with the first network. Within the IPN, the degree of chemical cross-linking in the second network is less than in the first network. An aqueous salt solution (neutral pH) is used to ionize and swell the second network. The swelling of the second network is constrained by the first network resulting in an increase in effective physical cross-links within the IPN.

Abstract: A resorbable tissue scaffold fabricated from bioactive glass fiber forms a rigid three-dimensional porous matrix having a bioactive composition. Porosity in the form of interconnected pore space is provided by the space between the bioactive glass fiber in the porous matrix. Strength of the bioresorbable matrix is provided by bioactive glass that fuses and bonds the bioactive glass fiber into the rigid three-dimensional matrix. The resorbable tissue scaffold supports tissue in-growth to provide osteoconductivity as a resorbable tissue scaffold, used for the repair of damaged and/or diseased bone tissue.

Abstract: Described herein are tissue grafts derived from the placental tissue that are reinforced with at least one biocompatible mesh. The tissue grafts possess good adhesion to biological tissues and are useful in wound healing applications. Also described herein are methods for making and using the tissue grafts.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an ion plasma deposition (IPD) method adapted to coat polymer surfaces with highly adherent antimicrobial films. A controlled ion plasma deposition (IPD) process is used to coat a metal or polymer with a selected metal/metal oxide. Exposing the coated surface to ultraviolet light significantly improves the antimicrobial properties of the deposited coatings.

Abstract: Compositions for use in treating and repairing orthopedic defects are provided. The compositions are especially useful for performing percutaneous vertebroplasty, percutaneous kyphoplasty and other procedures. When cured, the compositions are relatively solid but compressible, and prior to curing are viscous liquids with a low enough viscosity to fill voids in cavities such as voids within fractured vertebrae. Optionally, the properties of a composition according to the invention can be adjusted taking into account the hardness and density of the orthopedic structure to be repaired. Also disclosed are devices and methods for using the compositions, and a kit containing components for forming and utilizing the composition.

Abstract: A biocorrodible implant includes a base formed from magnesium or a biocorrodible magnesium alloy, whose surface has a corrosion-inhibiting coating. A diffusion layer, which covers the base, differs in composition from the implant material. The diffusion layer contains at least one metallic element of the implant material and at least one corrosion-inhibiting element selected from the group of Al, Zn, Ca, Si, In, Mn, Sc and RE, where RE stands for rare earth metals. The implant optionally includes a metal layer of at least one of the corrosion-inhibiting elements selected from the group of Al, Zn, Ca, Si, In, Mn, Sc and RE covering the diffusion layer, and a passivating layer of metal oxides, metal nitrides or metal fluorides of at least one of the corrosion-inhibiting elements selected from the group of Al, Zn, Ca, Si, In, Mn, Sc and RE covering the diffusion layer or the metal layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an implant having a multilayered coating comprising a porous titanium-based layer on the implant, an optional interface titania layer on and/or in the porous titanium-based layer and a bioactive glass layer on and/or in the porous structure formed by the titanium-based and titania layer(s); as well as to a process for preparing an implant having a multilayered coating.

Abstract: An orthopedic implant comprising a metallic substrate coated with a diamond-like carbon (DLC) layer, and a layer of a polymeric material placed over the DLC layer that is less stiff than the substrate, and methods of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bone implant which comprises a magnesium-containing metallic material having a reduced corrosion rate and inorganic bone cement, and to methods and a kit for producing the bone implant. With a method according to the invention, it is possible to obtain a bone implant which comprises inorganic bone cement and a magnesium-containing metallic material with a corrosion-inhibiting coating which contains magnesium-ammonium phosphates. In the method according to the invention, a magnesium-containing metallic material, of which the surface has a magnesium oxide layer and/or a magnesium salt layer, is combined with inorganic bone cement in order to generate a solid composite material that comprises the inorganic bone cement and the magnesium-containing metallic material.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising a water-swellable IPN or semi-IPN including a hydrophobic thermoset or thermoplastic polymer and an ionic polymer, articles made from such composition and methods of using such articles. The invention also includes a process for producing a water-swellable IPN or semi-IPN from a hydrophobic thermoset or thermoplastic polymer including the steps of placing an ionizable monomer solution in contact with a solid form of the hydrophobic thermoset or thermoplastic polymer; diffusing the ionizable monomer solution into the hydrophobic thermoset or thermoplastic polymer; and polymerizing the ionizable monomers to form a ionic polymer inside the hydrophobic thermoset or thermoplastic polymer, thereby forming the IPN or semi-IPN.

Abstract: An implant device for humans or mammals has a body structure having an exposed surface and one or more selected portions of the exposed surface having a bone formation enhancing 3-dimensional pattern. The exposed surface can be on exterior portions of the body structure or internal portions of the body structure or both. The one or more selected portions of the exposed portions having the bone formation enhancing 3-dimensional patterns are in the external exposed surfaces or in the internal exposed surfaces or both internal and external exposed surfaces.

Abstract: An implant is provided with a main body (1) and with a double coating applied to at least one surface section of the main body (1), wherein the double coating comprises an adhesion promoter layer (2), applied directly to the at least one surface section of the main body, and of an osteointegrative layer (3) covering the adhesion promoter layer (2). The layers (2;3) consist of pure titanium, wherein the adhesion promoter layer (2) has a thickness of 2-6 ?m, in particular a thickness of 3-5 ?m, and the osteointegrative layer (3) has a thickness of 50-70 ?m, in particular of 55-65 ?m. Moreover, the osteointegrative layer (3) has a porosity of 70-90% and a roughness Rzof at least 45 ?m. A related method is also provided for producing such an implant.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing a partial or complete bioactive coating of an iron and/or zinc based metal implant material with calcium phosphates, a bioactively coated iron and/or zinc based metal implant, which is partially or completely coated with calcium phosphates, and bone implants containing an implant material according to the invention. In order to produce the coating according to the invention, iron and/or zinc based metal implant materials are brought in contact with acidic aqueous solutions, which have a pH value of 6.0 or less and contain calcium phosphates, whereby a calcium phosphate layer is deposited on the surface of the implant materials. The iron and/or zinc based metal implant materials, which are used in methods according to the invention, are materials consisting of base iron alloys or pure iron or materials that contain other substances, which are coated with pure iron, with a base iron alloy and/or with zinc.

Abstract: A bone implant includes (a) a first layer provided over a first outer surface of the bone implant and being formed of a first material which is one of water-soluble and degradable in body fluids, the first layer having a first thickness and (b) a second layer provided over an outer periphery of the first layer and being formed of a biocompatible material, the second layer having a second thickness smaller than the first thickness.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a medical implant component. The method may include the steps of producing a substrate from a first material wherein the substrate has a bearing portion, spraying particles of a second material onto the bearing portion in accordance with a predetermined spraying technique to provide a coating thereon, and subjecting the coated bearing portion to a hot isostatic pressing process, a vacuum sintering process, or a controlled atmospheric sintering process. The first material may be the same as or different from the second material. The predetermined spraying technique may be a thermal type spraying process such as a plasma spraying process or a high velocity oxygen fuel spraying process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of coating prosthetic devices with dried fibrin. Particularly, the present invention relates to methods of coating the surface of prosthetic devices with fibrin and drying the fibrin-coated prosthetic devices at moderately-high temperatures for extended periods of time under low atmospheric pressure to obtain prosthetic devices coated with stable cross-linked fibrin capable of binding cells and thereby capable of integrating into tissues.

Abstract: In a prosthesis component of a joint endoprosthesis, the prosthesis component comprises a sliding surface that is designed to form a sliding joint with a counter sliding surface of another prosthesis component. The sliding surface may be formed by a sliding surface coating deposited on the body of the prosthesis component, wherein the sliding surface coating has an antimicrobial effect. The sliding surface coating is active against microorganisms in the area of the sliding joint.

Abstract: The invention relates to an implant for the human or animal body, which on its outer surface comprises at least one calcium salt that is soluble in a polar liquid. The invention also refers to various methods for the preparation of the preceding implant. The calcium ions contained on the surface of the implant provide said surface with four chemically and biologically advantageous properties: hydrophilicity, protection against atmospheric contamination, a pro-coagulant property and a pro-mineralising property.

Abstract: Generally, an intra-osseous fusion system which provides an implantable intra-osseous member and a method of implanting the intra-osseous member for bone on growth which retains an amount of digit curvature.

Abstract: A coating for a CoCrMo substrate including a first layer located directly on the substrate and including Ta(CoCrMo)0.5-2.0, a second layer located directly on the first layer and including tantalum, a third layer located directly on the second layer and including tantalum carbide, and a fourth layer located directly on the third layer and including diamond-like carbon (DLC).

Abstract: Methods for bonding a porous tantalum structure to a substrate are provided. The method includes placing a compressible or porous interlayer between a porous tantalum structure and a cobalt or cobalt-chromium substrate to form an assembly. The interlayer comprising a metal or metal alloy that has solid state solubility with both the substrate and the porous tantalum structure. Heat and pressure are applied to the assembly to achieve solid state diffusion between the substrate and the interlayer and the between the porous tantalum structure and the interlayer.

Abstract: A method for the plasma electrolytic oxidation of a bioactive coating onto implant (4) is provided. The implant is placed in an electrolyte solution (3) providing Ca and P ions and then connected to a power supply (1). A counter electrode is also provided in the electrolyte solution. A sequence of voltage pulses having alternating polarity are then applied across the implant and counter electrode to deposit a bioactive coating onto the implant. A intra-bone implant formed by the method is also provided having a coating with a thickness of 10 to 30 microns, a porosity comprised by pores with sizes of 0.5 to 10 microns, and comprising 10 to 30 wt % of hydroxyapatites.

Abstract: An implant for use on a joint-facing end of a bone includes a cap having convex outer surface overlying a concave inner surface and a stem protruding from the inner surface such that an edge of the cap surrounds the stem and overhangs a portion of the stem leading up to the inner surface. The stem may further include a plurality of raised ridges parallel to its length that begin near a tip of the stem and extend onto the portion of the stem overhung by the edge.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention relates to a biocorrodible implant based on magnesium or a biocorrodible magnesium alloy, whose surface has a corrosion-inhibiting coating. Furthermore, other invention embodiments relate to a respective manufacturing method for the coating.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for disrupting the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus are disclosed. A lysostaphin antimicrobial coating for bone implants and a lysostaphin gel for use on open wounds to reduce infections are disclosed.

Abstract: One arrangement in combination, a bone implant, and one or more bioactive substances which can reduce inflammation in implant surgery, preferably in the field of dentistry. The implant may also comprise one or more bioactive substance(s) that can promote osseointegration of said bone implant. At least one of said one or more bioactive substances may be capable of reducing proliferation, differentiation, and/or activity of osteoclasts, stimulating proliferation of osteoblasts, and/or reducing inflammation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for coating medical devices with a biocompatible protein coating.

Abstract: Methods for cleaning and limiting the extent of adhesives are disclosed. For example, a method for cleaning adhesive near a surgical site in a patient's body comprises the acts of dispensing a magnetic adhesive at a desired location at the surgical site, and applying an external magnetic field that removes a portion of the magnetic adhesive from the body of the patient outside of the desired location.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite implant comprising pores of a porous structure filled with a biodegradable magnesium-based alloy. Further, the present invention provides a composite implant which filles pores of the porous structure prepared by a metal, a ceramic or a polymer with a biodegradable magnesium-based alloy. Mechanical properties of the composite implant of the present invention are improved because a magnesium-based alloy filled in its pores increases the strength of a porous structure comprised of a metal, a ceramic or a polymer. Further, it can be expected that the magnesium-based alloy filled in the porous structure is decomposed in a living body, thus increasing bone formation rate. Accordingly bone tissue can be rapidly formed because the composite implant of the present invention has high strength and excellent interfacial force between the composite implant and bone tissue, compared to conventional porous materials.

Abstract: An artificial bone comprising a support coated with an apatite/collagen composite, and a method for producing the artificial bone by immersing the support in a dispersion of the fibrous apatite/collagen composite and drying it.

Abstract: This invention involves a plasma treated and controllable release antimicrobial peptide coated titanium alloy for surgical implantation, where the alloy with antimicrobial properties is fabricated using surface techniques without adversely compromising its biocompatibility and original mechanical properties. The surface techniques form antimicrobial layers on the alloy capable of resisting microbial adhesion and proliferation, while allowing mammalian cell adhesion and proliferation when the alloy is implanted to human body. In one embodiment, PIII&D is applied to incorporate ions, electrons, free radicals, atoms or molecules on a titanium alloy substrate. A pressurized hydrothermal treatment can be carried out to establish reactive functional groups for antimicrobial purpose or for connecting the substrate and external antimicrobial molecules.

Abstract: A medical device having body contacting surfaces provided with a film of amorphous calcium phosphate having a thickness of 1 nm to 10000 nm and an average dissolution rate calculated as the time taken to remove 95% of the film of at least 1 nm h?1 as determined in accordance with ASTM Standard P1926-03. The characteristics of the film are such that the film is relatively rapidly dissolved from the surface by body fluids. This dissolution of the surface film of amorphous calcium phosphate is sufficiently fast to prevent the attachment of bacteria, thus preventing them forming a biofilm and keeping the cells in a planktonic (non-biofilm) state where they are more vulnerable to the body's defences. The invention is particularly applicable to implants (e.g. orthopaedic implants such as prosthetic hips) but may also be applied to “non-implanted” devices such as surgical instruments.

Abstract: The invention relates to an implant made of biocompatible materials, in particular a prosthesis implanted without cement for traumatology and/or orthopedics, which has a main body with an anchoring region which anchors in bone or tissue, with the anchoring region being provided at least partially with a covering layer, the covering layer being formed from a powder using a thermal spraying method, in particular a plasma spraying method. The powder consists essentially of calcium phosphate and comprises antibacterially effective active constituents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a silicate and carbonate co-substituted calcium phosphate material. The process comprises the steps of: forming a silicon and optionally carbon-containing calcium phosphate precipitate by an aqueous precipitation method involving preparing an aqueous solution comprising phosphate ions, silicate ions, calcium ions and optionally carbonate ions, wherein the ratio of Ca/P and of Ca/(P+Si) in the solution is maintained above approximately 1.67; and heating the precipitate in an atmosphere comprising carbon and oxygen to form a silicate and carbonate co-substituted calcium phosphate material. The present invention also provides a synthetic carbonate and silicate co-substituted hydroxyapatite material, as well as a biomedical material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bearing material of a medical implant comprising a polymer such as UHMWPE and a surface active agent that is not covalently bonded to the polymer. The bearing material has a reduced wear rate. Also disclosed is a method of reducing the wear rate of a polymeric bearing material of a medical implant when it articulates against a hard counterface in the presence of synovial fluid, the method comprising providing a surface active agent in the synovial fluid in close proximity to the bearing surface, the hard counterface, or both.

Abstract: A monolithic orthopedic implant including a porous region having a form of interconnected porosity similar to cancellous bone to promote skeletal fixation by bone ingrowth, a transition region adjacent to and integrally joined to the porous region, the transition region having a form of interconnected porosity similar to subchondral bone, a substantially dense region integrally joined to the transition region and having a perimeter, and a surface on the substantially dense region, the surface having a finish adapted for articulation against native articular cartilage.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methodologies and compositions for coating materials, which can be used in a variety of biological applications.