Abstract: Provided is a slab warpage detection apparatus detecting warpage of a slab drawn from a mold in continuous casting equipment. The slab warpage detection apparatus includes a pair of pressing roils that pinches the slab on a rear side of a roll segment, supporting the slab drawn from the mold, in a slab drawing direction, a movement unit that supports the pair of pressing rolls to be movable in a thickness direction of the slab, and a position detecting unit that detects positions of the pressing rolls in the thickness direction of the slab.

Abstract: A method for producing a crossmember for a vehicle prepares a workpiece having different thicknesses and a preliminary contour from a metal sheet of uniform thickness by flat roll forming to achieve different local thicknesses. The method cuts out the workpiece, and bending roll forms the workpiece to form a crossmember with a cross section having at least two flanges opposite one another, and a web situated between said flanges. The distance between the flanges is not constant along a longitudinal extent of the crossmember, and a thickness profile at least of the web is determined by the flat roll forming. The local thicknesses and the preliminary contour are such that a geometrical shape of the crossmember corresponds to a predetermined geometrical shape with different thicknesses and heights of the web and differently shaped regions of the flanges along the longitudinal extent of the crossmember.

Abstract: A production system includes an information processing device that carries out the processes of: (i) generating one or more production condition candidates each of which is a candidate for a production condition under which the product is produced; (ii) determining, using a prediction model, a prediction of a production result of a case in which the product is produced under each of the one or more production condition candidates; and (iii) generates, by evaluating a result of the prediction based on a predetermined evaluation standard, an evaluation of each of the one or more production condition candidates. The information processing device repeats the process (ii) while changing between the one or more production condition candidates, and determines a production condition candidate, the evaluation of which in the process (iii) satisfies a predetermined standard, to be the production condition under which the product is produced.

Abstract: Provided is a numerical controller capable of easily controlling a pressure without a pressure sensor. The numerical controller estimates a pressure based on at least one of a command value and a feedback value. A machine learning device for learning the pressure corresponding to the at least one of the command value and the feedback value is included. The machine learning device includes a state observation unit for observing the at least one of the command value and the feedback value as a state variable, a label data acquisition unit for acquiring label data indicating the pressure, and a learning unit for associating and learning the state variable with the label data.

Abstract: A system includes a back plane having at least one primary module and at least one secondary module that is redundant to the at least one primary module. The back plane is configured to limit energy from the at least one primary module and the at least one secondary module to a field device. The at least one primary module includes a first plurality of channels and is configured to provide channel to channel isolation among the first plurality of channels. The at least one secondary module includes a second plurality of channels and is configured to provide channel to channel isolation among the second plurality of channels.

Abstract: Provided are a computer program product, system, and method to determine whether to perform entity resolution on vertices in an entity graph. A determination is made of pairs of records in a database having a relationship value satisfying a threshold. An entity relationship graph has a vertex for each of the records of the pairs and an edge between two vertices. Each vertex has a self-information score based on content in the record, an initial unique entity identifier, and an entity information score. For each subject vertex of the vertices, a determination is made of a target vertex directly connected to the subject vertex that has a highest entity information score and whether to set the subject vertex entity identifier and entity information score to the entity identifier and entity information score of the target vertex based on the target vertex self-information score.

Abstract: Provided herein is an automatic pouring method and equipment for the same that enable to inhibit the generation of residual molten metal in a ladle and thus the molten metal to be discharged therefrom can be eliminated.

Abstract: A controller restraining overcorrections which occur upon manual intervention in operation of an equipment controller. The controller includes a driving device which drives equipment to perform mechanical work, a computation element which computes a target value related to an action of the equipment, an automatic controller which outputs an automatic control signal for the driving device based on the target value so that the equipment becomes stable. The controller also includes a manual intervention control unit which outputs a manual correction signal for the driving device in response to a manual intervention. A manual correction unit makes a determination as to whether there is an overcorrection based on the automatic control signal and the manual correction signal, and outputs to the driving device a product obtained by multiplying the manual correction signal output from the manual intervention unit by a prescribed gain regulation value.

Abstract: A control computer for a rolling train is supplied with prescribed stand parameters of a rolling stand of the rolling train. The control computer sets variables describing a rolling pass of the rolling stand that together with initial data of a flat piece to be rolled and the stand data describe the resultant roll nip and the asymmetry thereof. The initial data may be width, average thickness and average strength of the workpiece to be rolled. Based on the initial data, the stand data and the set variables an expected delivery taper and/or an expected strip sabre for the workpiece is determined. At least one of the set variables is manipulated to bring the determined delivery taper close to a desired delivery taper and/or the strip sabre close to a desired strip sabre. The manipulated variables are used to control rolling the workpiece piece.

Abstract: A rolling train for rolling a strip has a number of rolling stands and a coiler. The rolling stands have work and backing rolls. Data of the strip are fed to a control device of the rolling train which determines individual pass reductions for the rolling stands based on the data. It controls the main rolling stands and the coiler such that the strip is rolled in the main rolling stands according to the individual pass reductions and then coiled up. It determines the individual pass reductions such that they are zero and controls the rolling stand arranged directly upstream of the coiler such that—with respect to this main rolling stand—the tension in the strip on the outlet side is less than on the inlet side, but the strip runs through this rolling stand without undergoing any forming, at least on one side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a lateral guiding device for a metal strip (1), the lateral guiding device comprising a guide (2, 4) disposed laterally to the metal band (1) on both sides thereof, it being possible for the two guides (2, 4) to be displaced independently of each other, and both guides (2, 4) being operated in a position-controlled manner, forces of the metal strip that act on a first guide (2) of the two guides (2, 4) and on a second guide (4) of the two guides (2, 4) being measured, and the target position for the first and/or the second guide (2, 4) being controlled as a function of the forces measured at the first and at the second guide (2, 4), such that the lesser value of the forces measured at the first guide (2) and at the second guide (4) is above a selectable lower limit force and below a selectable upper limit force.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatus, systems, and methods in which a sheet material roll forming system has n sets of rollers configured to simultaneously bend the sheet material in number of different directions and adjustment mechanisms operatively coupled with the sets of rollers and capable of disengaging rollers in a selected roller set from the sheet material, then rotating and/or translating the rollers in the selected roller set and reengaging the rollers with the sheet material passing through the rollers as a function of sensing a plurality of markings on the sheet material and the rollers.

Abstract: An extruder or injection molding machine with user-specifically monitoring and regulating processing of plastic materials includes a material feed, a plasticizer, and a mold. A process input variable, e.g. cost of the apparatus, raw material, power, and processed quantity, can be inputted with an input device and transmitted to a controller. A process monitoring variable, e.g. the duration of a product cycle, product cost, raw material used/power consumed per product cycle, expected purchase price for a given quantity of a product, and number of product cycles until maintenance, can be determined in real time from a process control variable and/or process input variable. A value of a process monitoring variable, such as the actual desired, or mean value, the value integrated since starting, the history or tendency of this value, can be outputted on an output device in form of a characteristic diagram.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for suppressing the influence of roll eccentricities on the run-out thickness of a rolled stock, which runs through a rolling stand, roll eccentricities being identified by using a process model and taken into consideration in the determination of a correction signal for at least one final control element, preferably a final control element for the adjustment position, of the rolling stand, wherein the measured tensile force upstream of the rolling stand is fed to the process model to identify the roll eccentricities. According to the invention, variations in tensile force are fed back in a targeted manner to reduce the effects of periodic roll eccentricities on the rolled stock, whereas all other sources of variation are eliminated. A process model of the rolling nip and the rolls, preferably based on the observer principle, produces reliable data on the roll eccentricity.

Abstract: A method for vibration damping and shape control of a suspended metal strip during continuous transport in a processing facility in a steel rolling line or surface treating line in a steel mill, where the method comprises the steps: measuring distance to the strip by a plurality of non-contact sensors; and generating a strip profile from distance measurements; decomposing the strip profile to a combination of mode shapes; determining coefficients for the contribution from each mode shape to the total strip profile; and controlling the strip profile by a plurality of non-contact actuators based on a combination of mode shapes.

Abstract: During operation of a rolling mill, a rolling product running through the mill is machined by a machining device which is controlled by a controller, to which a target and an actual value of the roll product are fed after machining. The controller determines based on the target and the actual value, in conjunction with controller characteristic, a controlled variable for the machining device and outputs the controlled variable to the machining device which machines the roll product according to the output controlled variable. A detection device receives the actual value after machining and a corresponding actual value of the mill product before machining. Based on the temporal profiles of the actual values, the device dynamically determines the controller characteristic such that the variance of the actual value at least tends to be minimized after machining. The device also parameterizes the controller according to the determined control characteristic.

Abstract: Computational systems, methods, and articles of manufacture to predict at least one of residual stresses and distortion in quenched aluminum castings. Residual stresses and distortion may be predicted through incorporating thermal strains induced during quenching with the nonlinear constitutive behavior of quenched microstructures of a quenched aluminum casting, wherein thermal strains arise generally from non-uniform transient temperature distribution of the casting during quenching. The transient temperature distribution of the aluminum casting during quenching may be calculated based on heat transfer coefficients specific to one or more nodes, elements and/or zones on the surfaces of the aluminum casting. The nonlinear constitutive behavior of the quenched aluminum casting may be modeled as functions of temperatures, strain rates, and microstructure variations. A material constitutive model accounts for not only strain hardening and creep, but also precipitate hardening.

Abstract: A method for classification of defects and running of grinding of lamination cylinders includes identifying defect areas in a map illustrating a plurality of surface measurements of a cylinder. The method includes calculating, for each area identified, a plurality of parameters. The method includes identifying a type of defect associated with the areas identified, on the basis of the parameters calculated. The method includes determining an acceptability threshold of a specific defect for each type of defect identified. The method includes defining a corrective action for each area on the basis of a comparison between the acceptability threshold associated with the type of defect of the area, and a measurement of the surface measurements of the cylinder associated with the area. The method includes determining grinding parameters on the basis of the surface measurements of the cylinder, if the corrective action is a grinding operation to remove the defects.

Abstract: Methods and systems for numerically predicting surface imperfections on stamped sheet metal parts are disclosed. FEM mesh includes a plurality of shell elements and a plurality of nodes that represents a stamped sheet metal part. At least one surface of the part needs to be examined for imperfection, which can be used for adjusting the die for forming the sheet metal part. Each surface is created by fitting all of nodes of a portion of the FEM mesh in a group-to-group scheme. A group is defined to include a center element and its neighbors. Neighbor elements share a side with the center element are always included in the group. Each group includes at least three neighbors in additional to the center element. Node-sharing elements are added into the group such that the criterion of at least three neighbors is met.

Abstract: The present invention provides a learning method of rolling load prediction which uses a prediction error of a rolling load at an actual pass of a stock in hot rolling to correct a predicted value of rolling load at a subsequent rolling pass. The method comprises changing a gain for multiplying with the prediction error of the rolling load at the actual pass in accordance with a thickness of the stock to thereby set the learning coefficient of the rolling load prediction and improve the precision of the prediction.

Abstract: A method of monitoring the physical state of a hot-rolled sheet or hot-rolled strip while controlling a plate rolling train for the reversing working a hot-rolled sheet or hot-rolled strip. For the reversing rolling of the hot-rolled sheet or hot-rolled strip a rolling stand is provided. At a starting point, an initial state of the hot-rolled sheet or hot-rolled strip in a model is determined, from which state at least one physical state variable is derived. Further, a cyclical updating of the state during the working of the hot-rolled sheet by using the model of the hot-rolled sheet or hot-rolled strip and the plate rolling train is provided, wherein monitoring of the path of the hot-rolled sheet or hot-rolled strip and operating parameters influencing and/or reproducing the state are taken into account.

Abstract: An uncoiling device having an uncoiler for uncoiling a strip is described. The uncoiler is arranged downstream from a thickness measuring device which measures the thickness of the strip. The thickness measuring device is arranged downstream from a straightening device which straightens the strip. The straightening device is arranged downstream from a machining device which further machines the strip. The thickness of the strip is transmitted to a control device which controls the straightening machine and/or the machining device in accordance with the measured thickness of the strip.

Abstract: A moisture metering calibration method and system for, e.g., determining the moisture lumber within a lumber drying kiln is disclosed. Calibration of moisture indicative electrical signals obtained from, e.g., moisture sensing capacitive plates spaced apart within a stack of drying lumber is performed, wherein long lengths (e.g., up to 1000 linear feet or more) of coaxial cable can be used for transmitting the signals, and effectively removing signal anomalies induced in such cabling so that accurate lumber moisture measurements result. Such extended cable lengths provides flexibility with respect to placement of electronic moisture metering equipment. This flexibility allows such equipment to be placed in an environmentally-controlled enclosure, rather than on the weather exposed exterior of a kiln whose lumber is being monitored.

Abstract: A system for on-line property prediction for hot rolled coils in a hot strip mill of a steel plant, including a unit for capturing the chemistry from the steel making stage and providing the data on rolling schedule. Field devices are provided at the instrumentation level for measuring process parameters during hot rolling. A programmable logic controller is used for acquiring data of measured parameters from the field devices and feeding the data to a processor. Means is provided for conversion of the measured data from time domain to space domain using segment tracking. A computation module processes the converted space domain data for predicting mechanical properties along the length and through the thickness of the strip being rolled. A display unit displays the predicted properties. The data obtained can be stored in a data warehouse for future use. A unit provided in the system can collect the predicted properties and feed the same to the scheduling unit.

Abstract: The invention is a networked system of devices positioned in a hazardous environment to monitor/control process conditions. The devices include sensors and controls such as valves. The sensors detect process conditions/control device settings and are monitored by a slave devices having, generally microprocessor controlled and having associated memory to receive and record the sensor/control device data. The network includes master devices, each master device may be associated with one or more slaved devices and associated sensors, where the master device communicates to is associated slave devices through a digital communication bus. The master device can automatically detect its associated slave devices and detect the communication and data characteristics of the slave devices. The master may also set parameters for detected slave devices, such as needed for computations performed by the master (using its own microprocessor) using data received form the slave device(s).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for lubricating and cooling rollers (3,4,5,6) and metal strips (2) on rolling in particular, on cold rolling of metal strips (2), wherein, on the inlet side (7a) a minimal amount of pure lubricant (9) without a high water content is continuously supplied in an online controlled manner with a controlled viscosity and lubricity depending on a number of process data measurements (23) by means of a physical computer model (22) and the equivalent process data measurements (23) from the outlet side (8a) are also used online by the physical computer model (22).

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an actuator control apparatus, comprising primary control means for producing a control signal used to control an operation of an actuator in accordance with an instruction signal indicative of an operation of the actuator, secondary control means for producing a control signal in accordance with the instruction signal; and switching means for selectively switching one of the primary control means and the secondary control means to the other, and in which the secondary control means is less in the number of functions than the primary control means, and each of components constituting the secondary control means is easier in fault verification than a component constituting the primary control means the most difficult in fault verification among all of components constituting the primary control means.

Abstract: A regulation device (7) for a rolling stand (2) has a force regulator (8) and a position regulator (9) mounted underneath the force regulator. During operation of the regulation device, a rolling force target value (F*) and a rolling force actual value (F) are supplied to the force regulator (8). A regulating distance correcting value (ds1*) is determined by the force regulator (8) from the rolling force target value (F*) and the rolling force actual value (F). The regulating distance correcting value (ds1*), an excentricity compensation value (ds2*), and a regulating distance actual value (s) of a regulating element (6) are supplied to the position regulator (9). A correcting quantity (dq) is determined by the position regulator (9) from the values (ds1*, ds2*, s) supplied thereto and is delivered to the regulating element (6). The regulating distance of the regulating element (6) is changed according to the correcting quantity (dq).

Abstract: The invention is a networked system of devices positioned in a hazardous environment to monitor or control process conditions. The devices include sensors such as pressure measurement elements and controls such as variable voltage outputs. The sensors detect process conditions and the controls manipulate process conditions, and they are monitored and controlled by slave devices having, generally a microprocessor and having associated memory to receive and record the sensor/control data. The network includes master devices; each master device may be associated with one or more slaved devices and associated sensors, where the master device communicates to its associated slave devices through a digital communication bus. The master device can automatically detect its associated slave devices and detect the communication and data characteristics of the slave devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a rolling process, in which a metal strip is rolled flat by use of at least one roller. It is known from the prior art that the relative position of a neutral point represents a measure of the instantaneous stability of a rolling process. However, traditional methods for calculating the position of the neutral point do not accurately represent the actual properties of metal and therefore have only limited usefulness for predicting the stability of a rolling process. In order to allow better control of a rolling process for rolling a metal strip with regard to the actual behavior of the metal strip, the invention proposes a new method for calculating the relative position of the neutral point, in which in particular the flat yield stress ke and the hydrostatic pressure pNH at the neutral point are incorporated.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for synchronous communications using a serial data stream employs a housing with a controller and a back plane. The housing accepts one or more modules for interconnection with the back plane. The back plane distributes power to the modules and provides a communication link from the controller to each module. Each communication link includes a data out line, a data in line and a clock line, where each clock line is derived from one clock source.

Abstract: A system, a method and a computer readable medium are provided for simulating a combined musculoskeletal and augmentation device system. The dynamics model of the combined musculoskeletal and augmentation device system receives computed torques at the joints as inputs and delivers simulated kinematic data of the segments as outputs. The augmentation device controller for control of the augmentation device, receives the simulated kinematic data as inputs and delivers assist torques as outputs. The inverse dynamics model for the musculoskeletal and augmentation device system, receives the simulated kinematic data, desired kinematic data of the segments and the assit torques as inputs and delivers the computed net joint torque and muscle torque. The muscle force and muscle capacity module for checking and adjusting the computed torques, receives the computed torques as inputs and delivers computed torques as outputs after the checking and adjustment.

Abstract: The disclosure comprises methods for controlling a production machine having a converter controlled drive wherein the applicable converter receives data from its associated drive as well as additional data from the machine and wherein the converter provides actuation commands to the drive and to the machine. Related systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for performing finishing operations on at least one graphics area on a graphics sheet, the graphics sheet having a graphics side, an opposite process side, and reference features, the graphics side bearing the graphics area(s) and registration marks in predetermined positions with respect to the graphics area(s). The method comprises positioning the graphics sheet on a sheet-receiving surface, sensing from the graphics side the positions of the registration marks, determining the coordinates of the graphics area(s) with respect to the sheet-receiving surface as if viewable from the process side, and performing finishing operations on the process side of the graphics sheet based on such determination, whereby such process-side finishing operations compensate for variations of the graphics area(s).

Abstract: A method for preparing a graphic on a sheet of material which also includes at least one registration mark at and about the graphic in predetermined positions. The method involves the steps of applying the graphic and at least one registration mark on a sheet of material in positions according to layout data, transferring the layout data to a processing controller, placing the sheet of material on a sheet-receiving surface, sensing the position of the registration mark on the sheet of material, and utilizing the layout data and the position of the registration mark to precisely narrow-path-process around the graphic on the sheet of material. Certain embodiments use either (a) a subset of marks which is applied on one side of graphic or certain reference features, such as edges and corners of the sheet and elements of the graphic, to ascertain the position and orientation of the sheet on the apparatus.

Abstract: Input variables, which describe a metal strip prior to and after the passage of a rolling stand, are fed to a material flow model. The material flow model determines online a rolling force progression in the direction of the width of the strip and fees said progression to a roller deformation model. The latter determines roller deformations from said progression and feeds them to a desired value calculator, which calculates the desired values for the controlling elements of profile and surface evenness using the calculated roller deformations and a contour progression on the runout side.

Abstract: A numerical procedure for simulating the behavior of incompressible, viscous fluid in a casting/molding process. The method is based on classical fluid dynamic equations and uses control volume-finite element and numerical techniques to solve the momentum and energy equations to obtain solution for the variable parameters. The method incorporates five additional modules which simulate fluid flow in the shot sleeve, heat transfer between the die and the heat transfer fluid, die cooling by lubricant, formation of mend line. These additional simulation modules produce realistic boundary conditions, and replace many of the assumptions that would have to be made, to solve the governing equations. These added improvements ensure a faster convergence of the numerical solution and a more realistic simulation of the die casting process.

Abstract: A surface of a long flat product is observed in a production process by way of a surface inspection system. The entire surface is plotted, on the basis of the observation data, as a surface map with established surface characteristics in the, form of surface data and the surface characteristics are classified according to the different types and/or sizes and/or frequency and registered in the surface map according to their position. Production data and product data are jointly fed to a data processing unit in which they are analyzed to determine correlations between them. Rules dealing with the dependence of product data upon given production data are determined so that process parameters can be regulated in line with the rules thus determined to obtain a desired quality. Interrelationships can be recognized between process parameters and the emergence of surface errors, for instance in continuous casting and rolling facilities for steel sheets.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cutting a graphics area from a sheet of material which includes such graphics area. The method involves applying a plurality of registration marks on the sheet at and about the graphics area in predetermined positions at the time the graphics are applied thereto, sensing the locations of the registration marks on the sheet of material at the time of cutting, and cutting the graphics area from the ready-to-cut sheet along a path determined in response to the sensed locations positions of the registration marks with respect to the graphics area at that time, whereby precise cutting occurs despite two-dimensional distortion of the sheet prior to cutting.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for pre-calculating the parameters of industrial processes. According to said method, an admissible process input variable vector is determined with definition ranges allocated to each variable and a process output variable vector is determined with the pre-calculable process parameters. Known information on the process is stored in a data bank and ranges of validity for the process input variables are allocated to said information. For each process input vector inputted from an admissible definition range provided with valid information, exactly one process output vector is determined according to the information valid therefor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a work center for wood working including: a support base (1) for the pieces to be worked; a structure (6), mobile along said base in the direction of a first numerically controlled axis (X); a support (12) of a tool group (13) mounted on said structure and mobile, under numeric control, along a second axis orthogonal the first two, wherein a second tool group (15) is provided, mounted on said support (12), said second tool group (15) being mobile between a first position in which it fits completely within said support (12) and a second position in which said second tool group protrudes from the said support (12). According to a second preferred embodiment, the machine includes, mounted onto the same structure (6), a second carriage mobile along said second axis and supporting a second tool group mobile along said third axis (Z) orthogonal to the first two.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for cutting graphics areas from a sheet of material bearing a combination of graphics areas and a plurality of registration marks in predetermined positions with respect thereto, the combination being in a predetermined approximate position and orientation with respect to a set of reference features of the sheet. The method involves automatically determining whether the reference features are in an expected coordinate region on a sheet-receiving surface, and, if not, automatically determining the coordinate region of such features. Further steps then include sensing metrics of the reference features to determine the position and orientation of the sheet, inferring therefrom the approximate positions of the registration marks and then sensing the precise positions thereof with a main sensor, and cutting the graphics areas from the sheet in response to such precise positions.

Abstract: The Roll Defect Management Process (RDMP) is a system which is designed to manage, track and evaluate all mill rolls found in use in the hot and cold production of flat rolled metal strip. The RDMP is capable of detection, distinction and differentiation of various defects found in the mill roll using a nondestructive inspection system for generating variable amplitude output voltage signals corresponding to changes in physical properties found in a mill roll and defines corrective action for each roll type, mill, stand and position. The disposition and corrective actions of the RDMP are automated and dependent on the determination of various thresholds identified by roll, mill and stand.

Abstract: A strip thickness control apparatus for a rolling mill includes a strip thickness gauge provided on a delivery side of the rolling mill, a moving distance calculating module for calculating a moving distance of the strip from the rolling mill, a rolling roll angle-of-rotation calculating module for calculating an angle of rotation of the rolling roll, a strip thickness deviation calculating module for calculating a deviation of the strip thickness from a target value of the measured value of the strip thickness, a strip thickness deviation storage module for storing the strip thickness deviation by adding it for every angle of rotation of the rolling roll, a strip thickness deviation input determining module for determining an input timing for inputting the strip thickness deviation to the strip, thickness deviation storage, a strip thickness deviation output determining module for determining an output timing for outputting the strip thickness deviation stored in the strip thickness deviation storage module,

Abstract: A rolling train for structural shapes in which at least on one side of a train having a plurality of mill stands, e.g. universal mill stands, a detector is provided for the actual profile of the rolled product. The actual profile is compared with a setpoint profile and corrected setpoint values for the operating parameters of the individual stands are generated for a corrected subsequent rolling operation or even the same rolling operation, appropriately weighted for the contribution of the various stands to the rolling effect.

Abstract: This invention includes the generation of forming information and its manipulation scheme as a method to form curved plates in ship hull-pieces. This invention consists of three components as follows: one is to construct and utilize a database which includes data about flat plates, objective curved plates, plates which are being formed, and their forming information, another is to infer new forming information with an artificial neural network system, and the third is to obtain forming information through calculating in-plane and bending strains. In the third, initial forming information is obtained by calculating strains from relationship between flat plates and objective curved plates. And new forming information is yielded through calculating the strains from relationship between partially formed curved plates and objective curved plates.

Abstract: A process for controlling a metallurgical plant for producing steel or aluminum, in particular a rolling mill, steel or aluminum having specific material properties that depend on the structure of the steel or aluminum being produced in the metallurgical plant from input materials, and the material properties of the steel or aluminum being a function of operating parameters with which the plant is operated, the operating parameters being determined by a structure optimizer as a function of the desired material properties of the steel or aluminum.

Abstract: A method comprising determining a polishing profile produced by a polishing tool and manufacturing a process layer with a surface profile prior to polishing operations based upon the determined polishing profile of the polishing tool.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for rolling a metal product by successive passes into at least one roll stand associated with a calculation unit comprising a computer and a mathematical model for adjusting the rolling load applied by the clamping means. According to the invention, before each pass, the computer associated with the mathematical model determines a predictable variation value of the flow stress of the metal corresponding to the deformation to be realized in the pass considered, while taking into account the evolution, during the rolling operation, of the microcrystalline structure of the metal making up the product to be rolled, and the rolling load to be applied in order to achieve the requested reduction in thickness is calculated before each pass according to the value thus predicted for the flow stress and the evolution of the microcrystalline during the rolling operation.

Abstract: The present invention involves a tolerance based motion controller. The controller is capable of processing a group of tolerance constraints. The tolerance constraints specify where and when each tolerance constraint is to be applied, along with the information specifying the desired trajectory of motion. There are also a group of velocity constraints, specifying the maximum allowable velocity at each point along the desired trajectory. This information along with sensor feedback is used to modify the velocity along the actual trajectory of motion. This results in the time required traverse the trajectory being as short as possible. Also, the actual trajectory of motion should never exceed the permissible deviation from the desired trajectory, as specified by the tolerance constraints, with the velocity always being bounded by the specified velocity constraint.