Abstract: A thermal management system for an aircraft includes a first gas turbine engine, one or more first electric machines, first thermal bus and heat exchanger. The first thermal bus includes a first heat transfer fluid in a closed loop flow sequence, between the first gas turbine engine, or each first electric machine, and the first heat exchanger. Waste heat energy transfers to the first heat transfer fluid. The first heat exchanger configures to transfer waste heat energy from the first heat transfer fluid to a dissipation medium. During steady-state operation of the first gas turbine engine, the first heat transfer fluid entering the first heat exchanger has a temperature of TFLUID(° C.), and a temperature of an inlet air flow entering the first gas turbine engine has a temperature TAIR(° C.) and a ratio B is in a range of between 5.0-18.0.

Abstract: A layup strategy analysis tool including a memory storing layup strategy analysis instructions and one or more processors configured to execute the layup strategy analysis instructions. During execution, the layup strategy analysis instructions obtain model data representing a three-dimensional (3D) model of an object to be formed using an automated fiber placement process. The layup strategy analysis instructions also obtain process data descriptive of the automated fiber placement process and one or more automated fiber placement machines. The layup strategy analysis instructions also generate output indicating a count of a number of tows that can be simultaneously applied during a single pass based on a geometry of the object and based on manufacturability constraints indicated by the process data.

Abstract: A vehicle latch testing assembly includes a base, a latch assembly fixed to the base, a striker assembly configured to engage the latch assembly, and a strain gauge connected to the striker assembly. An operating member is connected to the strain gauge and pivotally connected to the base. The operating member is configured to move between a first position and a second position to apply a first force to the latch assembly.

Abstract: A support system includes a display and a server. Upon acquiring first information on arrangement of a first refrigerant shut-off unit, second information on each of utilization-side units in a first utilization-side unit group, and third information on one of or both a length and an internal volume of the first connection pipe group, the server determines, based on an allowable leakage amount of the refrigerant into a space where a corresponding one or more utilization-side units is installed, whether the first, second, and third information are suitable for the design, and causes the display to display a result of the determination; or the server calculates a first refrigerant amount as a sum of an amount of the refrigerant in the first refrigerant circuit and an amount of the refrigerant, and causes the display to display the first refrigerant amount.

Abstract: Provided are an unequal-channel angular self-bending extrusion die and a method for designing and manufacturing the same and extrusion method thereof and includes following steps: designing a symmetrical streamlined extrusion die based on sine function; making the medial axis of the die cavity of the symmetrical streamlined extrusion die twisted and deformed on a certain plane; establishing the die cavity wall surface equation of the unequal-channel angular self-bending extrusion die; setting a working belt structure downstream the die cavity of the unequal-channel angular self-bending extrusion die.

Abstract: Systems for fabricating dental appliances are provided. In some embodiments, a system comprising one or more processors, and a memory operably coupled to the one or more processors and storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the system to determine an appliance geometry for a dental appliance including a shell configured to move the patient's teeth from an initial arrangement toward a target arrangement. The appliance geometry can include a first power arm having a first connection point for connecting to the shell, a second power arm having a second connection point for connecting to the shell or to a tooth, an elongate connecting structure coupled to the first and second power arms, and an elongate counter-force connector coupled to the first power arm and extending toward the second power arm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for predicting areas of environmental information needed to be collected, which is performed by one or more processors of a computing device. The method may include: outputting one or more episodes based on environmental information; measuring uncertainty for each of the one or more episodes; and predicting an area of the environmental information needed to be collected based on the measured uncertainty.

Abstract: Techniques for determining a safety metric associated with a vehicle controller are discussed herein. The safety metric may be reflective of one or more severity scores associated with a collision simulated by simulating performance of the vehicle controller. The techniques may include determining a simulation scenario, simulating the scenario by simulating a component of an autonomous vehicle, and determining simulation data describing a collision occurring between the simulated autonomous vehicle and an object in the scenario. The simulation data is used to determine a severity score for the collision that may be used to refine the component of the autonomous vehicle system and/or validate the component for safe operation.

Abstract: This document discloses methods and systems for modeling product usage. In one practical application, the systems and methods may be utilized to model product usage based on large volume, machine generated product usage data to optimize product pricing and operations. Specifically, the systems and methods described herein may utilize methods with key components to select the maximum number of dimensions that can be modeled based on the number of data points, use a logarithm kernel function to normalize machine data with long-tailed statistical distributions on different numerical scales, compare a large number of candidate models with different candidate dimensions and different structures, and quantify the amount of change and drift in models over time.

Abstract: Systems and methods of surface steering control of drilling may be used together with systems and methods for planning one or more wells before drilling, planning a well path during drilling and/or updating that well plan and/or other well plans during the drilling of a well. The methods and systems may include planning a field, comprising a plurality of wells to be drilled and/or a plurality of pads from which a plurality of wells are to be drilled, planning a pad from which a plurality of wells are to be drilled, and planning a well both before and during drilling of the well.

Abstract: A method synchronizes first and second simulation systems, each operating in a free running operation thereby exchanging data to run the simulation systems. The method includes: a) providing the first simulation system (PLCSIM) being enabled to run in cycles at a linear speed determined by repeatably setting a scaling factor (sn); b) providing the second simulation system (Process Simulate) to run in cycles at different speeds; c) the second simulation system requests at the end of a cycle a virtual time stamp from the first simulation system; d) calculating on the basis of the virtual time stamp a virtual duration time Atnfs and on the basis of the virtual time stamp after completion of the cycle of the second simulation system a virtual duration time Atnss; and e) calculating an update sn+1 for the scaling factor according the most recent scaling factor sn multiplied by Atnss/Atnfs.

Abstract: An arithmetic operation device includes a performance calculation unit that is configured to calculate performance of a plant before introduction of a part and the performance of the plant after the introduction of the part for each of combinations of a plurality of loads in the plant and a plurality of atmospheric temperatures around the plant, a storage unit that is configured to store a data table indicating a percentage of an operating time of the plant for each of the combinations, and a performance improvement calculation unit that is configured to calculate, on the basis of a calculation result in the performance calculation unit and the data table, how much the performance of the plant is improved compared with the performance before the introduction of the part in a case where the part is introduced and the plant is operated at the percentage indicated by the data table.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of an apparatus for practicing a reduction procedure for treating radial head subluxation. In one example, the apparatus can include a model arm can be pivotally mounted to and supported by a stand. The model arm includes an upper member that emulates an upper arm of a human, a lower member that emulates a lower arm of a human being, and a joint that pivotally connects the upper member and the lower member. A feedback mechanism can be provided within the joint of the model arm. The feedback mechanism can be configured to provide initial resistance to downward pivoting to the lower member relative to the upper member, to provide an audible and tactile pop when the procedure is successfully performed that emulates the audible and tactile pop that occurs when a human radial head pops back into place during an actual reduction procedure.

Abstract: An approach for providing solutions to ad in the process recovery in manufacturing systems to resume manufacturing activity is disclosed. The outcome of the approach can include the following advantages, minimizing waste, reducing cost of recovery, and increasing efficiency in a manufacturing process. The approach includes collecting initial factory data; identifying and categorizing one or more shop floor activities; determining initial recovery process; creating a digital twin copy of the factory; performing one or more initial simulation scenarios; generating factory improvement plan; and executing factory improvement plan.

Abstract: The disclosed computer-implemented method for selecting locations of mandibular relocation features (MRFs) on oral appliances may include determining candidate locations for placing an MRF on a first oral appliance for a first stage of mandibular relocation (MR) treatment and determining candidate locations for placing an MRF on a second oral appliance for a second stage. The method may include selecting from the candidate locations for the first stage and the second stage based on decreasing a distance between the selected pair of candidate locations. The method may further include processing multiple MRFs in parallel. The method may also include increasing a number of initial candidate locations. Locations for intermediate stages may be selected based on interpolating between the first and second stages or based on decreasing a distance between the selected pair if the interpolation fails. The intermediate stages may be processed using a binary search or a linear search.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for operating a power generating asset. Accordingly, a plurality of operational data sets are received by a controller. The operational data sets include at least one indication of a performance anomaly. A plurality of predictive models are implemented by the controller to determine a plurality of potential root causes of the performance anomaly and a plurality of corresponding probabilities for each of the potential root causes. A consolidation model is generated for classifying the plurality of potential root causes and corresponding probabilities. The consolidation model is trained via a training data set to correlate the plurality of potential root causes to an actual root cause for the performance anomaly. The consolidation model is implemented by the controller to determine the actual root cause of the performance anomaly based on the plurality of potential root causes and corresponding probabilities.

Abstract: A quotation system receives shape data of an article configured from a plurality of elements from a client terminal and provides quotation information of the article. The quotation system has: a memory storing the shape data and tolerance data in which multiple types of tolerance information relating to the elements are associated with each other; and a computer performing assistance processing to assist in setting of at least one type of the multiple types of tolerance information on the basis of the tolerance data.

Abstract: The disclosed system may include a fluidic system including a connector including a first side and a second side, each of the first side and the second side including a plurality of pins, a fluidic breakout configured to interface pneumatic tubing with a fluidic control system, pneumatic tubing including a plurality of fluidic channels, a first end configured to interface with the first side of the connector, and a second end configured to interface with the fluidic breakout, and a haptic feedback system including a plurality of actuators, each actuator coupled to a respective actuation tube configured to interface with a respective pin on the second side of the connector. Various other systems and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: To perform a prognostic health analysis for an asset (11-13), a stochastic simulation is performed to obtain a prognosis for the evolution of the asset health state. The prognosis is updated based on sensor measurements using a particle filter.

Abstract: A technique for generating a performance prediction of a machine learning model with uncertainty intervals includes obtaining a first model configured to perform a task and a production dataset. At least one metric predicting a performance of the first model at performing the task on the production dataset is generated using a second model. The second model is a meta-model associated with the first model. At least one value predicting an uncertainty of the at least one metric predicting the performance of the first model at performing the task on the production dataset is generated using a third model. The third model is a meta-meta-model associated with the second model. An indication of the at least one metric and the at least one value is provided.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present inventive concept, a simulation method for a semiconductor fabrication process includes obtaining, as input data, process parameters for controlling a semiconductor process of manufacturing semiconductor devices, or design parameters representing a structure of the semiconductor devices, or both the process parameters and the design parameters; generating predictive data for electrical characteristics of the semiconductor devices using a machine learning model based on the input data; generating reference data for the electrical characteristics of the semiconductor devices using a simulation tool based on the input data; and training the machine learning model using the predictive data and the reference data.

Abstract: Techniques for placing and manipulating multiple three-dimensional (3D) models using mobile augmented reality (AR) are described. One technique includes receiving a first request to initialize an AR simulation of a first product for sale within a physical environment. In response to the first request, a first 3D model of the first product for sale is rendered onto the screen. After rendering the first 3D model, a second request to visualize a second product for sale within the physical environment is received during the AR simulation of the first product for sale. In response to the second request, a second 3D model of the second product for sale is rendered onto the screen with the first 3D model.

Abstract: A method for creating kinematic pair objects. Kinematic pairs are included in a first facility. The first facility is equipped with control software. The method includes obtaining a first file that includes names of N kinematic pairs, calling the control software to read the names of the N kinematic pairs in the first file, and calling the control software to create N kinematic pair objects. N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The N kinematic pair objects are determined based on the names of the N kinematic pairs read by the control software. The names of the N kinematic pairs are in one-to-one correspondence to the N kinematic pair objects.

Abstract: System for performance-based design space composition in engineering systems includes design configuration module, explainable recommendation module and user interface module. A list of one or more system configurations is generated, each system configuration having a unique set of components that satisfy system goals and system requirements. For each system configuration, system performance values are determined based on performance enabled by each system component. A design dashboard presents the system configurations in rank order and the system performance value for each of the system configuration components.

Abstract: A control device includes a first controller configured to generate a first operation amount for the device on the basis of an output fed back from the device and a target value, a predicted output generator including a learned model which is machine learned so as to generate a predicted output from the device on the basis of the output fed back from the device and the first operation amount, a second controller configured to generate a second operation amount for the device on the basis of the predicted output and the target value, an integrated operation amount generator configured to generate an integrated operation amount which is an operation amount for the device on the basis of the first operation amount and the second operation amount.

Abstract: A management method for a cutting tool of a machine tool is provided. A user host imports a graphical data of a workpiece and a cutting tool database into CAM, and a user may select cutting tools to establish a complete machining process. T codes are replaced with electronic tags. Before executing a machine code comprising the electronic tags, the machine tool re-scans the cutting tools assembled at a tool turret and updates cutting tool arrangement information to ensure that the tool turret is equipped with the cutting tools used in the machining process. When the machine tool stores the electronic tags, a ready message is displayed for reminding an operator. When the electronic tags are not stored, the current storage location of a cutting tool lacked in the machining process or a warning message is displayed at the operation interface for reminding the operator.

Abstract: A reliability-based topology optimization design method for a part structure considering bounded hybrid uncertainties, includes the following steps: considering the uncertainties in the manufacture and service of the part structure, describing an external load with insufficient samples and a material property with sufficient samples as an interval variable and a bounded probabilistic variable respectively; discretizing a design domain of the part structure, setting the physical and geometric constraints, and establishing a reliability-based topology optimization design model; solving by a moving asymptote algorithm: decoupling the probabilistic and interval uncertainties, and determining the worst working condition by using gradients of constraint performance functions; defining a performance fluctuation under the worst working condition and calculating reliability of constraint performance; and finally, calculating the gradients of objective and constraint functions with respect to the design variables for i

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a program that retrieves a set of notifications describing failures that occurred on a set of monitored devices. The program further determines a set of topics based on the set of notifications. The program also determines failure modes associated with the set of topic from a plurality of failure modes defined for the set of monitored devices. The program further determines failure modes associated with the set of notifications based on the set of topics and the failure modes associated with the set of topics. The program also receives a particular notification that includes a particular set of words describing a failure that occurred on a particular monitored device in the set of monitored devices. The program further determines a failure mode associated with the particular notification based on the particular set of words and the determined failure modes associated with the set of notifications.

Abstract: A system for identifying industrial ergonomics risk root-causes and providing risk control actions, comprising: a computing device configured to obtain video signals of a worker performing a job at a workplace; and a computing server system configured to receive and process the video signals to determine joint locations of the worker, calculate joint angles for each body region of the worker based on the joint locations, calculate, based on the joint angles, a risk score for each body region of the worker in a plurality of risk categories, calculate a risk rating for each body region of the worker based on the risk score, determine ergonomic risk root-causes for each body region of the worker based on the risk rating, and provide ergonomic risk control recommendations to mitigate the ergonomic risk root-causes.

Abstract: Conventionally, manufacturing of molded parts using composite materials has led to poor dimensional accuracy and tensile strength due to improper curing thus resulting in rejection or early/premature failure of composite part. Embodiments of the present disclosure provide simulation-based systems and methods for manufacturing/generating molded parts using reinforced composite materials. The optimized cure cycle is computed for a given component without carrying out numerous experiments. The present disclosure implements multiscale method and surrogate modeling in virtual testing for more accurate and faster manufacturing of molded parts. Process parameters for specified qualities (e.g., minimum residual stresses, minimum deformation, etc.) required for a part are determined along with least process manufacturing time. The resulting optimized time dependent cure cycle for each thermal zone of the heated mold is transferred to a master controller (e.g.

Abstract: A method and a system of predicting an electric system load based on wavelet noise reduction and empirical mode decomposition-autoregressive integrated moving average (EMD-ARIMA) are provided. The method and the system belong to a field of electric system load prediction. The method includes the following steps. Raw load data of an electric system is obtained first. Next, noise reduction processing is performed on the load data through wavelet analysis. The noise-reduced load data is further processed through an EMD method to obtain different load components. Finally, ARIMA models corresponding to the different load components are built. Further, the ARIMA models are optimized through an Akaike information criterion (AIC) and a Bayesian information criterion (BIC). The load components obtained through predicting the different ARIMA models are reconstructed to obtain a final prediction result, and accuracy of load prediction is therefore effectively improved.

Abstract: A system forms a part in an initial geometry (e.g., a sheet) into a desired geometry. The system includes a robot arm with an end effector, a model and a controller. The model receives an input geometry and an input parameter value indicating an interaction between the part and the end effector. The model determines an output geometry of the part based on the input geometry and the input parameter value. The controller receives the initial and desired geometries; applies the model to the initial geometry and to different input parameter values; based on output geometries of the model, determines a set of parameter values for controlling the robot arm; and controls the robot arm according to the determined set of parameter values to form the part into the desired geometry using the end effector.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method to identify and remediate a failing sensor. The method includes identifying a set of sensors in an Internet of Things (IoT) system including a first sensor, where the IoT system is configured to perform at least one action, the IoT system includes one or more IoT devices, each sensor is correlated to one IoT device of the one or more IoT devices, and each sensor sends an output data feed to the IoT system including a first data feed for the first sensor. The method further includes predicting, by a generative adversarial network (GAN), an expected output of the first sensor. The method also includes determining that a difference between the expected output and an actual output of the first sensor exceeds a first threshold. The method includes replacing, in response the difference exceeding the first threshold, the first data feed with a first generated data feed.

Abstract: A system and computer-implemented method are provided for preprocessing medical image data for machine learning. Image data is accessed which comprises an anatomical structure. The anatomical structure in the image data is segmented to obtain a segmentation of the anatomical structure as a delineated part of the image data. A grid is assigned to the delineated part of the image data, the grid representing a partitioning of an exterior and interior of the type of anatomical structure using grid lines, wherein said assigning comprises adapting the grid to fit the segmentation of the anatomical structure in the image data. A machine learning algorithm is then provided with an addressing to the image data in the delineated part on the basis of coordinates in the assigned grid. In some embodiments, the image data of the anatomical structure may be resampled using the assigned grid.

Abstract: A method is provided for processing sensor data associated with a formation. The sensor data is obtained and divided into a plurality of voxels in a three-dimensional environment. Each voxel corresponds to a location in the formation surrounding a wellbore. A selection of a first point in the three-dimensional environment corresponding to a first position along the wellbore is received. A selection of a first two-dimensional shape intersecting the first point is received. A selection of a second point corresponding to a second position different from the first position along the wellbore is received. A three-dimensional volume containing a subset of the plurality of voxels of sensor data is generated. The three-dimensional volume is bound at least by the first point and the first two-dimensional shape at a first end and by the second point at a second end. The generated three-dimensional volume is rendered for output on a display.

Abstract: A self-propelled payload (SPP) for an aircraft, such as an unmanned aircraft. The SPP includes an independent propulsion unit which is configured to counter the effect of payloads of the aircraft. This improves operational effectiveness of the aircraft.

Abstract: An engine parameter estimation tuning system includes an engine parameter estimator unit and a gas path analysis (GPA) unit. The engine parameter estimator unit includes an onboard model (OBM) configured to output estimated parameters based on operation of a gas turbine engine. The gas path analysis (GPA) unit includes a performance health monitor unit configured to adjust a long-term deterioration parameter independently from adjustment of a short-term tuning parameter to tune one or more targeted estimation parameters included in the estimated engine parameter. In this manner, the engine parameter estimation tuning system can realize the different time scales associated with uncertainties in an engine and accommodate them separately so that the estimated engine parameters become much more accurate.

Abstract: A portable peripheral control device for simulating endoscopy procedures, configured for being connected to a computer, includes a mounting element and a control lever, constrained to the mounting element, reproducing a handgrip of a flexible endoscope for medical use. The control lever has a plurality of actuators replicating corresponding actuators presented by the handgrip of the flexible endoscope for medical use. The peripheral control device includes a movement device configured for simulating a movement of a tubular element of a flexible endoscope and is configured for converting at least one actuation of the control lever into an electrical signal signifying the actuation. The peripheral control device is configured for converting an activation of the actuators into an electrical signal signifying the activation, for converting a movement of the movement device into an electrical signal signifying the movement. The peripheral control device includes at least one output for the electrical signals.

Abstract: A method for designing a combustion system which emits less of at least one environmentally-harmful emission is presented. In a describing step, an injector which introduces a fuel into a combustion chamber is described via a CFD code. In a modeling step, combustion kinetics of the fuel are modeled via a pre-processing code as the fuel mixes and reacts with an oxidizer. In a first selecting step, at least one primary scalar is derived during the modeling of the combustion kinetics. In a performing step, a table look-up is performed to obtain at least one data from a look-up database based on the primary scalar. In a second selecting step, at least one secondary scalar is selected in addition to the primary scalar(s). In a specifying step, at least one chemical pathway of formation or destruction for the secondary scalar is specified via a chemistry manager wherein the secondary scalar is representative of the environmentally-harmful emission(s) of the chemical pathway(s).

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for electronic systems that manage an order in which an aircraft is boarded or deplaned are described. An exemplary method includes configuring an onboard computer to execute a script, wherein the script controls an order by which passengers on an airplane are prompted for deplaning, updating the script for a travel segment of the airplane using a first input comprising a passenger information for the travel segment or a second input comprising a travel configuration of the airplane during the travel segment or a third input from onboard crew of the airplane; and controlling onboard electronic equipment of the airplane by executing the script at an end of the travel segment by prompting passengers to deplane the airplane in the order.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an optimization design method for structural parameters of biomass boiler economizers and belongs to the field of big data learning models. In the present invention, a sample database is established by utilizing historical operating big data of biomass boiler economizers, a heat exchanger residual self-attention convolution model is established based on a CNN and a self-attention mechanism, a plurality of target parameters to be optimized are quickly predicted through machine learning, and multi-target optimization of structural parameters to be optimized in the economizers can be performed in combination with an iterative optimization algorithm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for determining at least one unknown effect of defects of an element of a photolithography process. The method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a model of machine learning for a relationship between an image, design data associated with the image and at least one effect of the defects of the element of the photolithography process arising from the image; (b) training the model of machine learning using a multiplicity of images used for training purposes, design data associated with the images used for training purposes and corresponding effects of the defects; and (c) determining the at least one unknown effect of the defects by applying the trained model to a measured image and the design data associated with the measured image.

Abstract: A complete, unified material-to-systems simulation, design, and verification method for semiconductor design and manufacturing may include evaluating effects of semiconductor material or process changes on software algorithms. The method may include generating primitive circuit structures using the material or process changes; performing an electrical characterization of the primitive circuit structures; providing an output of the electrical characterization to a script to generate compact models; generating a digital system based on the compact models; and evaluating a performance of a software algorithm on the digital system to determine an effect of the material or process change for the semiconductor manufacturing process.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media are provided for managing pipelines of operations on data. A system may access data and provide a set of functions for the data. The system may receive a user's selection of one or more functions from the set of functions. The system may generate a pipeline of operations for the data based on the user's selection. The pipeline of operations may include the function(s) selected by the user.

Abstract: Computer-implemented systems and methods for generating a mesh and conformally connecting the mesh to an existing mesh are provided. The existing mesh is displayed via a graphical user interface (GUI) of a computer-aided design modeling system using a processing system. A polyhedral mesh is generated in an empty space adjacent to the existing mesh using the processing system. The generating of the polyhedral mesh includes (i) defining the empty space as a first surface mesh comprising triangles, quadrilaterals, polygonals, or a mixture thereof, (ii) generating a dual of the first surface mesh to form a second surface mesh, the empty space being enclosed by the second surface mesh, and (iii) filling a gap region between the first and second surface meshes with the polyhedral mesh and conformally connecting the polyhedral mesh to the existing mesh using the processing system.

Abstract: A system may include one or more finger devices that gather input from a user's fingers. The system may include control circuitry that sends control signals to an electronic device based on the input gathered with the finger devices. A finger device may include one or more proximity sensors that measure a distance to the user's finger. The proximity sensor may be a self-mixing optical proximity sensor having a laser and photodiode. The proximity sensor may have submicron resolution and may be configured to detect very small movements of the finger as finger pad is moved around by a thumb finger, by a surface, and/or by other finger movements. The proximity sensor may measure changes in distance between the proximity sensor and a flexible membrane that rests against a side portion of the user's finger.

Abstract: A combustion simulation system is provided. The combustion simulation system can be performed using a computing device operated by a computer user or artist. The computer-implemented method of generating one or more visual representations of a combustion even is provided. The method includes simulating the combustion event, which transforms combustion reactants into combustion products, the combustion event occurring at a reference pressure, automatically determining values of combustion properties, the values of the combustion properties being calculated as a function of a nonzero pressure field, and generating the one or more visual representations of the combustion event based on the values of combustion properties.

Abstract: A system includes multiple electrically-conductive channels and a processor. The processor is configured to receive, over the electrically-conductive channels, (i) respective first electric currents from a probe, which is within a body of a patient, via a plurality of first electrodes, which are attached to skin of the patient at a region of the body, and (ii) a second electric current from the probe via a second electrode, which is attached to the skin and is connected to one of the channels. The processor is further configured to ascertain respective first electric-current values of the first electric currents and a second electric-current value of the second electric current, and to calculate a position of the probe between the region and the second electrode, based on the first electric-current values and the second electric-current value. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: An industrial control programming development platform simplifies generation of an industrial control program and associated tag definitions by generating at least a portion of the control program and tag definitions based on analysis of digital engineering drawings of an automation system to be monitored and controlled. This drawing-based program generation includes creation and configuration of smart data tags that model and contextualize controller data at the device level for processing by higher level analytic systems. This device-level contextualization can be based in part on inferences drawn from the digital engineering drawings.

Abstract: A device for monitoring the use of a machine component includes a sensor configured to measure at least one operating parameter of the machine component and produce a first output signal indicative of the measured operating parameter, a control unit configured to determine information about a use of the machine based on the received first output signal and to produce a second output signal indicative of the use of the machine, and a service unit configured to receive the second output signal and to permit a continuation of existing services for the machine component and/or to provide further services for the machine component based on the second output signal.