Abstract: A method for predicting an amount of axial motion of a drill bit having one or more cutters for drilling formation rock includes: receiving lithology data for the formation rock; receiving drilling parameters; calculating confined compressive strength (CCS) of the rock using the received information; calculating an area of cut into the formation rock by each of the one or more cutters; calculating an effective back rake of each of the one or more cutters; calculating a force applied to each of the one or more cutters using the CCS, the area of cut and the effective back rake of the one or more cutters, and by accounting for an orientation of each cutter with respect to a surface of the rock to be cut; and summing the calculated forces applied to each of the one or more cutters to calculate the weight on bit and torque on bit.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method includes producing, from an adapter, a first wireless signal characterized by a first communication mode with a computing device when a portion of at least one of a medicament delivery device or a simulated medicament delivery is disposed within the adapter. An indication is received when the portion of the medicament delivery device or the simulated medicament delivery device is removed from the adapter. A second wireless signal characterized by a second communication mode with the computing device is produced in response to the indication. The second communication mode is different from the first communication mode. The second communication mode can be, for example, a hold mode, a sniff mode or a park mode.

Abstract: Methods and computer systems for rendering plausible images of 3D polygon mesh(es) in a computer simulation comprising a computer generated environment. On a 3D polygon mesh defined using a plurality of vertices providing a plurality of rendering faces, determining an anchor point from at least three of the plurality of vertices, for each one of the rendering faces of the 3D polygon mesh, determining whether a path exists towards the anchor point and/or whether the one rendering face is on an unstable part of the 3D polygon mesh. When the path does not exist or when the part is unstable, removing the one rendering face from the 3D polygon mesh into an updated 3D polygon mesh. Rendering the updated 3D polygon mesh for display comprising a subset of the plurality of rendering faces using a visual texture, the subset being determined from the field of view of the computer simulation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for configuring, on a control unit, operating parameters of a plurality of devices of a refrigeration system. A user selects on the control unit, among the plurality of devices of the refrigeration system, a first device to configure. Information of valid configurable operating parameters of the first device is provided on the control unit. The user selects at least one of the valid configurable operating parameters of the first device, thereby configuring the first device. Information stored about operating parameters of other devices of the refrigeration system, based on the configuration of the first device, is then provided on the control unit. Finally, the user confirms, on the control unit, one or more operating parameters of one or more of the other devices, thereby configuring the one or more other devices. The invention also relates to a control unit and a refrigeration system.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a three-dimensional stress concentrating feature of a component (60), such as a borehole (62), using a two-dimensional probabilistic technique. A circumferentially-dependent stress concentration profile around the stress concentrating feature is determined, and then a probability of failure of the component is calculated using a 2D probabilistic failure analysis of the stress concentration profile. The probabilistic failure analysis may include a Monte Carlo theta integration approach.

Abstract: A piezoelectric drive device includes a piezoelectric drive portion which includes a contact portion capable of coming into contact with a driven body and a piezoelectric material, and a drive circuit which drives the piezoelectric drive portion. The drive circuit sets an allowable maximum output torque Tlim or less to an allowable output torque range, sets output torque Td of the piezoelectric drive portion so as to be within the allowable output torque range, and operates the piezoelectric drive portion. The allowable maximum output torque Tlim is expressed by the following Expression (1). Tlim=r1×?k×Ns×fs??(1) In the expression, r1 is a distance between a rotation center of the driven body and a contact position of the contact portion, ?k is a dynamic friction coefficient between the driven body and the contact portion, Ns is a pressing force by which the contact portion presses the driven body when an operation of the piezoelectric drive portion stops, and fs is a coefficient of 1 or less.

Abstract: Methods are provided for: (i) measuring the position of the blade stagger angle axis for one or more blades of a row of blades attached to a rotor, (ii) measuring the blade tip stagger angle for one or more such blades, and (iii) measuring the blade tip axial displacement for one or more such blades. The methods use forward and rearward blade tip timing datasets for successive rotations of the blades from two axially spaced blade tip timing probes. The forward probe is forward of the rearward probe along the axial direction of the rotor. The blade tip timing datasets allow the times of arrival of the blades at the respective probes to be measured. The methods also use a once per revolution dataset for the successive rotations of the blades. The once per revolution dataset allows the angular velocity of the blades to be measured.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an operation unit that includes a display unit where a screen is displayed and a first operating system, and accepts an operation; and a main body unit that includes a second operating system, and acts according to an operation accepted by the operation unit, wherein the operation unit includes: an operation accepting unit that accepts, when an always-displayed screen for using a specific function is pressed, activation of a first application running on the first operating system to use the specific function associated with the screen; a synchronization processing unit that performs synchronization between a second application running on the first operating system and a third application running on the second operating system; an app-activation control unit that activates the first application after performing the synchronization; and a display control unit that displays an operation accepting screen of the first application on the display unit.

Abstract: Adding a new disjoint graph diagram to an existing graph diagram. A set of one or more new nodes from a graph to be added to a first graph diagram are identified. An automatic graph diagram layout of the set of one or more new nodes is performed creating a second graph diagram. The first graph diagram is aligned along a first axis with the second graph diagram Nodes in the first graph diagram that are at least partially between a first point and a second point of boundaries of the second graph diagram are identified. A boundary is created around the nodes in the first graph diagram that are between the first and second points. The second graph diagram is moved along a second axis toward the boundary to create a combined graph diagram.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for planning the positioning of a ball joint prosthesis, in particular a hip joint prosthesis, wherein the prosthesis includes a stem and a cup and the method comprises the following steps: —determining the geometric shape of the joint socket, in particular the acetabulum, and the geometric shape of the cup which is to be placed; —defining target areas where the cup has to abut the bony structure of the joint socket, in particular the acetabulum, in order for the cup to be sufficiently fixed; —determining actual areas of the cup which will abut the bony structure of the joint socket, in particular the acetabulum, when the cup is placed; —defining a requirement for the position and/or orientation of the cup on the basis of the position and/or size of the target areas and/or actual areas.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a system and method for demonstrating spatial performance of a demonstration speaker model to consumers in order to evaluate different speakers. The system and method comprise a microphone array for recording the output of the demonstration speaker model. The system and method comprise acoustic input samples for processing to an acoustic output and a processor for determining characteristics of each microphone recording, and processing an acoustic input sample and characteristics of each microphone recording corresponding to a selected demonstration speaker model. The system and method further comprise a reference speaker model for outputting an acoustic signal based on the result of the processing.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for applying physics-based simulation to an animator provided rig. The disclosure presents equations of motions for simulations performed in the subspace of deformations defined by an animator's rig. The method receives an input rig with a plurality of deformation parameters, and the dynamics of the character are simulated in the subspace of deformations described by the character's rig. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method that transforms stiffness values defined on rig parameters to a non-homogeneous distribution of material parameters for the underlying rig.

Abstract: The present invention relates to joint simulators, and in particular, to methods and systems for controlling joint simulators by using a haptic mapping technique. A joint simulator is used to closely approximate the conditions within the body, particularly with respect to human and animal joints, and can be used to test and evaluate prosthetics for use in various parts of a human or animal body. The haptic mapping technique improves the rate of convergence of the actual testing forces to the prescribed forces during repetitive performance and life testing. The method is used in conjunction with an impedance-mode servo controller.

Abstract: 3D printing may be optimized by segmenting input jobs and/or combining parts of input jobs together. In an embodiment, a user-defined metric is received associated with each input job and this is used in scheduling input jobs to optimize latency and/or throughput of the 3D printing process, along with the printing envelope and other characteristics of the 3D printers used. In various embodiments, the scheduling may comprise dividing a 3D object into a number of parts and then scheduling these parts separately and/or combining 3D objects, or parts of 3D objects, from various input jobs to be printed at the same time on the same 3D printer. In various embodiments, the scheduling is repeated when a new input job is received and changes made during printing. In various embodiments, a user may submit an updated version of an input job which is already in the process of being printed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing models. Elements in a model of an object are identified. Dependencies for the elements are identified. At least one of a matrix of the elements and a knowledge model of the object using the elements are generated.

Abstract: A non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium may include instructions executable by a processor in a simulation system to perform a simulation. The instructions may include to wait for a plurality of virtual controllers to complete a previous simulation step, write a result of the previous simulation step from each of the plurality of virtual controllers to a shared memory, read an input from the memory to each of the plurality of virtual controllers, initiate a simulation step on each of the plurality of virtual controllers, and upon initiation of the simulation step in each of the plurality of virtual controllers, indicate completion of the simulation, in which the plurality of virtual controllers include a controller model having a plurality of simulation steps and the instructions are configured to be executed by the processor in parallel.

Abstract: Developing collective operations for a parallel computer that includes compute nodes includes: presenting, by a collective development tool, a graphical user interface (‘GUI’) to a collective developer; receiving, by the collective development tool from the collective developer through the GUI, a selection of one or more collective primitives; receiving, by the collective development tool from the collective developer through the GUI, a specification of a serial order of the collective primitives and a specification of input and output buffers for each collective primitive; and generating, by the collective development tool in dependence upon the selection of collective primitives, the serial order of the collective primitives, and the input and output buffers for each collective primitive, executable code that carries out the collective operation specified by the collective primitives.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for illuminating and recording an internal cavity of a medical simulator and integrating simulator data is disclosed. An apparatus for illuminating and recording an internal cavity of a medical simulator and integrating simulator data comprising: at least one light source configured for illuminating the internal cavity with light outside of the visible spectrum during an operator session, at least one video camera having a field of vision including at least part of the internal cavity for video recording an operator session; and a synchronizing system receiving and storing the at least one video recording of the at least one video camera and the at least one data output of the medical simulator.

Abstract: Developing collective operations for a parallel computer that includes compute nodes includes: presenting, by a collective development tool, a graphical user interface (‘GUI’) to a collective developer; receiving, by the collective development tool from the collective developer through the GUI, a selection of one or more collective primitives; receiving, by the collective development tool from the collective developer through the GUI, a specification of a serial order of the collective primitives and a specification of input and output buffers for each collective primitive; and generating, by the collective development tool in dependence upon the selection of collective primitives, the serial order of the collective primitives, and the input and output buffers for each collective primitive, executable code that carries out the collective operation specified by the collective primitives.

Abstract: Roughly described, the invention involves detecting the presence of features on the boundary mesh which are likely to hamper regeneration of a bulk mesh with high quality elements, and upon finding such features, performing a repair operation on the boundary mesh prior to bulk mesh regeneration. The repair operation can include smoothing knife edge features and/or handling topological changes that have occurred during the simulation time increment. Preferably the repair operation includes a multi-level set smoothing step and a Delaunay refinement step for piecewise smooth complex.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods and systems are described for discrete element modelling of a plurality of discrete elements corresponding to particles and physical geometry elements. The disclosed embodiments provide a plurality of discrete element material models, each discrete element material model corresponding to a respective bulk material and containing (i) information regarding the properties of particles within said bulk material, and (ii) information regarding the behavior of interactions between such particles. The following information can be received from a user: a selection of a bulk material for use in a simulation, and a specification of properties associated with the selected bulk material. The disclosed embodiments can perform a discrete element model simulation on a set of particles, wherein the simulation uses the information regarding the behavior of interactions between particles from the discrete element material model for a user-selected bulk material.

Abstract: An embedded system is disclosed. The embedded system is used for preventing a processing machine from an abnormal phenomenon when at least one processing parameter setting value is inputted into the processing machine. The embedded system is electrically connected to the processing machine, and the processing machine comprises an input interface, a first storing medium, a first controller and a stepper motor. The embedded system comprises a second storing medium and a second controller. The second controller captures the a processing parameter setting value inputted and compares it with a security range, so as to determine whether the processing machine is able to perform process for a workpiece. When the second controller determines that the processing machine is not able to perform process for the workpiece, a stop signal is generated and transmitted to the processing machine to stop performing process for the workpiece.

Abstract: A method and computer system for updating damaged-enhanced polygon meshes in a computer simulation associated to a storage module accessible to at least a first and a second decentralized simulation stations and a centralized processing unit thereof. At the first station, during the computer simulation, determining coordinates of a virtual impact on a 3D polygon mesh, computing newly formed 3D polygon mesh(es) from the virtual impact without updating the storage module and rendering damaged-enhanced image(s) of the newly formed 3D polygon mesh(es) for display from a first field of view of the first station. At the second station, receiving the coordinates of the virtual impact. At the centralized processing unit, receiving the coordinates of the virtual impact, computing the newly formed 3D polygon mesh(es) from the received coordinates independently from the first station, in non-real-time priority processing and persistently updating the storage module with newly formed 3D polygon mesh(es).

Abstract: Method and computer system for rendering damaged-enhanced images in a computer simulation comprising a computer generated environment. During the computer simulation, determining coordinates of a virtual impact having an effective radius on 3D polygon mesh(es) of the computer generated environment, identifying rendering faces of the 3D polygon mesh(es) affected by the virtual impact, clipping at runtime the affected rendering faces to a mathematically-defined subtraction shape computed considering the effective radius, computing newly formed 3D polygon mesh(es) and rendering at least one damaged-enhanced image for display comprising a subset of rendering faces of the newly formed 3D polygon mesh(es) using a visual texture, the subset being determined from a field of view of the computer simulation.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer program products for identifying under-defined geometries due to singular constraint schemes. A method includes receiving a CAD model having a plurality of geometries and determining the degrees of freedom for each of the geometries. The method includes identifying a number of constraints on each of the geometries and identifying any of the geometries that are under-defined and any of the geometries that are well-defined. The method includes identifying any of the under-defined geometries that are under-defined due to singular (UDS) and storing a UDS indicator for each of the geometries identified as UDS. The method can include identifying geometries computed from these UDS geometries (CFS) and storing a CFS indicator for each of the geometries identified as CFS.

Abstract: A system and method for computing thermal boundary conditions from an unstructured computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation for a thermal simulation of a structural component are disclosed. The thermal boundary conditions include convective heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and reference temperature (Tref). In one embodiment, prism cells are formed to capture boundary layer substantially next to a wall of the structural component. Further, tetrahedral cells are formed to capture a diffused temperature layer substantially next to the formed last prism cell and in a direction normal to the wall. Furthermore, temperature of each of the prism cells is computed in the direction normal to the wall until a substantially first tetrahedral cell. In addition, the computed temperature of the prism cell that is substantially adjacent to the first tetrahedral cell is declared as the Tref. Also, the HTC is computed using the obtained Tref.

Abstract: A computer-aided design (CAD) system provides for designing, modeling and simulating objects in 3D. Both 2D and 3D objects can be provided in a 3D space and associated to one another by one or more constraints. Modification to the objects is calculated to satisfy the constraints as well as the geometric and functional properties of the objects. The objects can then be updated according to the calculated modification, thereby satisfying various requirements of the design.

Abstract: It is a numerical method for solving an inverse problem about the shape design of aerodynamic body in inviscid subsonic flows. This method transfers the original Euler equations into the stream-function plane, where it solves the Riemann problem across the streamline presenting the solid-wall and obtains the geometry of the solid-wall concurrently.

Abstract: A manufacturing method, including: given a predetermined finished part geometry, providing a sacrificial structure preform that simultaneously contains the finished part geometry, minimizes material that must be removed from the sacrificial structure preform to achieve the finished part geometry during machining, and has a sufficient stiffness to resist a machining force that will be applied during machining without allowing the finished part geometry to be compromised; and machining the sacrificial structure preform to achieve the finished part geometry. The manufacturing method also includes preliminarily estimating a stiffness of the finished part geometry and the machining force that will be applied during machining.

Abstract: Processing streaming data with open executors includes receiving input data at a computation dataflow station where the computation dataflow station contains a computation file and an open executor that accepts code plug-ins, converting contents of the computation file into a program string with the code plug-ins from a system library, and launching the program string together with the input data to calculate an output with a graphics processing unit.

Abstract: A haptic sensation producing device (10) for presenting a haptic sensation to a user is equipped with a panel-like haptic sensation producing member (11) that is disposed on the front face side of a display panel (20), wires (12) for holding the haptic sensation producing member (11), wire tensile units (13) that are provided for the respective wires and pull the corresponding wires, and a control unit (14) that controls the wire tensile units (13) to move the haptic sensation producing member (11) and generate the haptic sensation. If a change occurs in an object in a content as a result of a touch by the user, the control unit (14) calculates tensile forces such that the haptic sensation conforming to the change can be generated and the tensile forces are optimized, and controls the wire tensile units (13) based on the calculated tensile forces.

Abstract: A method of generating a directional response of a drill bit based on one or more drilling parameters includes performing actual or simulated tests with a drill bit in a test material having a strength under different experimental drilling parameters and recording the results of the plurality of tests. A representation of an expected directional response of the drill bit is formed based on the results. Current drilling parameters are receiving current drilling parameters at a computing device and the directional response is generated based on the current drilling parameters by utilizing the representation.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for the geometrical analysis of scan data from oral structures, comprising the steps of selecting a number of parameterized tooth models of desired tooth types according to the scan data to be analyzed, whereby each tooth model comprises at least one boundary line whose path is defined by line parameters and which divides a tooth model in at least one active adjustment area and at least one inactive adjustment area, and segmenting the scan data on the basis of individualized tooth models and individualized boundary lines and/or determining at least one boundary line in the scan data. The invention further describes a method of generating a model database; and an analysis system for the geometrical analysis of scan data from oral structures.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for correcting an error of a gyro sensor, and more particularly, a method and apparatus for correcting an error of a gyro sensor installed in a mobile robot.

Abstract: A surgical simulation model generating method includes: a first process in which a computing unit acquires geometrical information of an organ from a medical image stored in a storage unit, including an image of the organ, and generates volume data for the organ; a second process in which, after the first process, the computing unit forms nodal points by meshing the organ represented by the generated volume data; a third process in which the computing unit generates a simulated membrane that covers the organ represented by the volume data meshed in the second process; and a fourth process in which the computing unit generates a simulated organ by drawing an imaginary line so as to extend from each nodal point formed on a surface of the organ represented by the volume data meshed in the second process in a direction that intersects the simulated membrane and thereby forming a membrane nodal point at a point where the imaginary line intersects the simulated membrane generated in the third process, and by arrang

Abstract: A sheet-metal turbine housing has a scroll part formed by joining opposing scroll members of sheet metal to form a spiral-shaped exhaust gas passage. The housing includes a member on a side of a bearing housing inclosing a bearing supporting a rotation shaft of a turbine rotor blade member on the exhaust side forms an outer side of the turbine rotor blade. Support columns connect the member on the side of the bearing housing with the member on the exhaust side in an axial direction of the turbine and are arranged at intervals on an outer circumference of the turbine. Each support columns may have a cross-sectional shape which includes an upstream corner and a downstream corner in a direction of a gas flow, each of which has an acute angle, so that an upstream surface and a downstream surface are inclined to the gas flow.

Abstract: The present invention provides remote interfacing utilizing haptic technology. In a first aspect there is provided a haptic grasping interface comprising a plurality of finger interaction points, with actuators connected at one end to an actuator control mechanism. The mechanism is mounted remotely from the grasping interface, inverse to the finger interaction points, for manipulation of these points. The grasping points comprise pulleys which route the actuators through a cable tension and transmission system. A second aspect provides haptic augmentation to an operator, which indicates to the operator the state of a control input to a controlled device. A third aspect provides a means of simulating motion where haptic feedback is provided to a user in correspondence with the movement of the user within a pod environment.

Abstract: Forward modeling is performed to compute a response of a target structure, the forward modeling accounting for distortion of a reflected signal from a reflector in the target structure. Waveform inversion is performed using the response of the forward modeling.

Abstract: Inductive rotary joint system with stationary and rotating sides has a one-phase rectifier for receiving one-phase AC-input to generate low-level DC-voltage, and a three-phase rectifier for receiving three-phase input to generate higher-level DC-voltage. An AC-power generator receives DC-voltage and generates AC-power, which is coupled by an inductive rotary joint to a load at the rotating side. Voltage coupled to the load is comparably higher when the one-phase rectifier is connected and comparably lower when the three-phase rectified is connected. A control unit at the secondary side for controlling at least the load is connected to measure the voltage produced for the secondary side, and to distinguish between a comparatively lower voltage and a comparatively higher voltage. When a presence of a comparatively higher voltage is indicated, an x-ray tube is enabled within the load.

Abstract: This disclosure in part describes systems, devices, and methods for implementing a unification mechanism that enables the unification of various data sets, which can permit greater collaboration between users of a data management platform. For example, a system can be configured to enable a user to add or associate a contextual object with a data measure. In associating the contextual object with the data measure, the system can store the contextual object with the unique dimension coordinates that are associated with data measure. Other users of the system may, in turn, access the data measure and be shown the contextual object associated with the data measure.

Abstract: A method includes collecting vehicle health data from a plurality of vehicles. A peer group is identified among the plurality of vehicles. The collected vehicle health data from the peer group into a collaborative vehicle health model, the collaborative vehicle health model being applicable to a current vehicle to predict a state of at least a component of the current vehicle.

Abstract: A method for predicting a change in lateral displacement with a change in axial displacement of a drill bit drilling in a formation rock includes: constructing a virtual representation of the drill bit and the formation rock, the drill bit having a gage pad configured to remove rock by wearing or crushing the rock during moving contact and a cutter configured to cut into the rock during moving contact with the rock; adjusting lateral penetration depth until rock reactive force equals a side force applied to the drill bit to provide an adjusted lateral penetration depth; removing formation rock to where the pad and the cutters contact the rock at the adjusted lateral penetration depth and to a selected axial displacement of the drill bit; moving the drill bit in a drilling direction to the end of the currently drilled borehole; and iterating the adjusting, the removing, and the moving.

Abstract: A safety-analysis system for a complex system such as an aircraft includes a system modeler and model-analysis system. The system modeler is configured to receive component fault-based models of respective components of which a system is composed, such as from a library of component fault-based models in storage. The component fault-based models include transfer functions expressed as fault trees each of which describes behavior of a respective component in an event of a failure of the respective component or of an input to the component. The system modeler is also configured to assemble the component fault-based models into a system fault-based model of the system, with the system fault-based model including a transfer function expressed as an assembly of the fault trees of the component fault-based models. The model-analysis system, then, is configured to perform a safety analysis using the system fault-based model.

Abstract: A method for simulating the operation of an internal combustion engine, using a single-cylinder test bench device, and a data-processing device executing an engine simulation model which simulates a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. The engine simulation model determines a simulation value of at least one simulation variable, to be simulated, of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, in particular air mass flow and/or exhaust gas recirculation rate on the basis of at least one test bench. operating value, in particular indicated mean pressure and/or exhaust gas temperature, which is detected at a defined test bench operating point of the single-cylinder test bench device by means of a measuring device and fed to the data-processing device.

Abstract: A method for predicting an amount of axial motion of a drill bit having one or more cutters for drilling formation rock includes: receiving lithology data for the formation rock; receiving drilling parameters; calculating confined compressive strength (CCS) of the rock using the received information; calculating an area of cut into the formation rock by each of the one or more cutters; calculating an effective back rake of each of the one or more cutters; calculating a force applied to each of the one or more cutters using the CCS, the area of cut and the effective back rake of the one or more cutters, and by accounting for an orientation of each cutter with respect to a surface of the rock to be cut; and summing the calculated forces applied to each of the one or more cutters to calculate the weight on bit and torque on bit.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for simulating flow and acoustic interaction of a fluid with a porous medium includes simulating activity of a fluid in a first volume adjoining a second occupied by a porous medium, the activity of the fluid in the first volume being simulated so as to model movement of elements within the first volume and using a first model having a first set of parameters, simulating activity of the fluid in the second volume occupied by the porous medium, the activity in the second volume being simulated so as to model movement of elements within the second volume and using a second model having a second set of parameters and differing from the first model in a way that accounts for flow and acoustic properties of the porous medium, and simulating movement of elements between the first volume and the second volume at an interface between the first volume and the second volume.

Abstract: A design system for generating a power equipment proposal for a particular location, comprises an insolation database, a load database, and a processing system. The insolation database comprises insolation values associated with a plurality of geographic data points. The load database associates appropriate power equipment with load requirements. The processing system generates at least one power equipment proposal based on load requirements generated from the insolation database based on the insolation values associated with a geographic data point closest to the particular location and solar power equipment appropriately selected from the load database based on the load requirements generated from the insolation database.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes methods, systems, and devices for prioritization of three dimensional dental elements. One method for prioritizing three dimensional dental elements includes receiving a virtual initial dental data set (IDDS) of teeth having spatial information regarding the positions of a number of teeth in the virtual IDDS with respect to each other for presentation of the teeth in a virtual three dimensional space to be viewed on a user interface, setting prioritization values of a number of elements of one or more of the number of teeth, and prioritizing the number of elements to be selected by a user based upon their prioritization values.

Abstract: A linkage mechanism includes a first joint, a second joint, a first linkage and a second linkage. The two ends of the first linkage are respectively connected to the first joint and the second joint and the two ends of the second linkage are respectively connected to the first joint and the second joint, wherein when the linkage mechanism is subjected to an external force, the vibration phase of the first linkage is different from the vibration phase of the second linkage by ?. In addition, a robot working platform and a design method for robot working platform are disclosed as well.

Abstract: In designing supersonic aircrafts, a method of designing a natural laminar flow wing is provided which reduces friction drag by delaying boundary layer transition under flight conditions of actual aircrafts. A target Cp distribution on wing upper surface, suited to natural laminarization in which boundary layer transition is delayed rearward in desired Reynolds number states, is defined by a functional type having as coefficients parameters depending on each spanwise station, a sensitivity analysis employing a transition analysis method is applied to the parameters, and a search is performed for the optimum combination of parameters to delay transition rearward.