Abstract: An integrated quantum random noise source includes a substrate, an optical oscillator that may be integral to the substrate coupled by an optical waveguide to an optical directional coupler. The optical directional coupler has two outputs that are coupled by optical waveguides to a pair of photodetectors that are part of a balanced photodetector. The balanced photodetector in response outputs an analogue signal proportional to the difference in photocurrents of the two photodetectors. The analogue output signal from the balanced photodetector is a random Gaussian-distributed signal representative of quadrature measurements on the quantum vacuum state of light. The random noise source can be coupled other apparatus to provide a source of random bits.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a random number has high entropy. The apparatus includes a plurality of random number generators, each of which generates a metastability signal and generates a random number by using the generated metastability signal in a first mode, and in a second mode, the plurality of random number generators are connected to one another to operate as a ring oscillator.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to generate random numbers is provided, the apparatus having high entropy and being capable of a reduced chip size. The apparatus includes a plurality of metastable state generation units configured to generate a metastable state signal, a plurality of amplification units configured to amplify the metastable state signal, a connection signal generation unit configured to generate a first connection signal, and a first commutation unit configured to connect at least one metastable state generation unit to at least one amplification unit according to the first connection signal. For example, the number of metastable state generation units and amplification units necessary to achieve are threshold number of commutation connections can be greatly reduced as compared to conventional apparatuses for generating random numbers.

Abstract: A random number generation apparatus includes: a random noise generation element comprising a source region and a drain region, a tunnel insulation film, a gate electrode, and a charge trap portion provided between the tunnel insulation film and the gate electrode and being capable of trapping charges, random noise being generated in a drain current flowing between the source region and the drain region on the basis of charges trapped in the charge trap portion; a random number conversion circuit for converting random noise generated from the random noise generation element to a random number; a first test circuit for performing a random number test to test quality of the random number output from the random number conversion circuit; and an initialization circuit for pulling out charges in the charge trap portion of the random noise generation element to the semiconductor substrate through the tunnel insulation film and thereby initializing the charge trap portion.

Abstract: A random number generator circuit includes: an element generating and outputting physical random numbers; a digitizing circuit digitizing the physical random numbers to output a random number sequence tested by a testing circuit; and an error correcting code circuit including a shift register having the random number sequence input thereto, a multiplier multiplying the stored random number sequence by an error-correcting-code generating matrix, and a selector switch outputting one of an output of the shift register and an output of the multiplier in accordance with a test result obtained by the testing circuit. The error correcting code circuit outputs the output of the multiplier as a corrected random number sequence from the selector switch when the result of a test conducted by the testing circuit indicates a rejection. The testing circuit tests the corrected random number sequence when the result of the test indicates a rejection.

Abstract: A device for generating true random numbers by way of a quantum optic process, the device having a light source for generating at least one single-photon within a light beam; and at least two detectors each for detecting single-photons within the beam thereby providing detector signals; and control means provided and adapted to control generation of a series of single photons and to register the detector signals for generating the true random number values; wherein the detectors for detecting single-photons each including at least one quantum dot; and wherein the detectors are positioned at substantially equivalent spatial position of detection probability of single-photons in the beam.

Abstract: A networked gaming system and method with a central true random number generator (“TRNG”) for generating random numbers (“RNs”). The RNs are supplied to electronic gaming machines (“EGMs”) on a network and are used to determine game outcomes. The system and method are configured to gather requests for RNs from EGMs in batches that are coordinated by a RNG server where the RNG server receives RN requests from EGMs and routes the requests in batches to the central TRNG. The central TRNG responds to the RNG server with a batch of RNs that are then distributed to the EGMs within an acceptable response time.

Abstract: A method of providing a portable true random number generator based on the microstructure and noise found in digital images is claimed and disclosed. Using the lower significant bits of digitized images, strings of binary data are extracted. These raw strings are shown to pass the DIEHARD, NIST, and ENT tests for randomness for a robust selection of natural images. This information is available to, and may be processed by off-the-shelf technology including smartphones or other embedded devices without undue constraints on physical and environmental parameters. The method represents a significantly improved portable means of random number generation for all security, cryptographic, entertainment and PSI applications.

Abstract: A parallel computer system adds entropy to improve the quality of random number generation by using parity errors as a source of entropy because parity errors are influenced by external forces such as cosmic ray bombardment, alpha particle emission, and other random or near-random events. By using parity errors and associated information to generate entropy, the quality of random number generation in a parallel computer system is increased.

Abstract: A parallel computer system adds entropy to improve the quality of random number generation by using parity errors as a source of entropy because parity errors are influenced by external forces such as cosmic ray bombardment, alpha particle emission, and other random or near-random events. By using parity errors and associated information to generate entropy, the quality of random number generation in a parallel computer system is increased.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and apparatuses for providing random numbers for a gaming system. A random number generator (RNG) processor is arranged to select a plurality of RNG system components and configure them in an RNG pipeline, to provide random numbers to a gaming system. In one embodiment, a true random number generator (TRNG) is used to generate seeds for a pseudo random number generator in the pipeline. Analysers, loggers and other elements may also be included in the pipeline.

Abstract: When an encryption processing circuit encrypts data, a current flows in the encryption processing circuit. A noise current generated by a noise generation circuit is superimposed on the current consumed by the encryption processing circuit. The present invention is applicable to an IC chip that encrypts plaintext data using a key, thus preventing the key from being broken by DPA attacks based on analysis of the current consumption to provide high security.

Abstract: An apparatus includes: a plurality of bit producing circuits; a controller setting a sample frequency at which bits from the bit producing circuits are sampled; and a plurality of test circuits determining if bits sampled from each of the bit producing circuits are random, wherein the controller adjusts the sample frequency if the test circuits determine that the sampled bits are not random. A method performed by the apparatus is also included.

Abstract: Systems and/or methods that facilitate secure electronic communication of data are presented. A cryptographic component facilitates securing data associated with messages in accordance with a cryptographic protocol. The cryptographic component includes a randomized exponentiation component that facilitates decryption of data and generation of digital signatures by exponentiating exponents associated with messages. An exponent is divided into more than one subexponent at an exponent bit that corresponds to a random number. Exponentiation of the first subexponent can be performed based on a left-to-right-type of exponentiation algorithm, and exponentiation of the second subexponent can be performed based on a right-to-left square-and-multiply-type of exponentiation algorithm. The final value is based on the exponentiations of the subexponents and can be decrypted data or a digital signature, which can be provided as an output.

Abstract: For generating a random number in a disk drive, a seed is generated from a respective sector number for each of at least one sector of the disk drive. The random number is calculated using the seed. The seed that is generated with enhanced unpredictability and complexity is used to generate the random number for secure data cryptography within the disk drive.

Abstract: A circuit and a method for generating a random number are provided. The circuit for generating the random number includes an analog-to-digital converter and a controller. The analog-to-digital converter sequentially generates a plurality of digital data in response to an analog signal. The controller utilizes an estimation procedure to sequentially analyze a variation trend of the plurality of digital data in a time sequence or extract components of the plurality of digital data within a preset frequency band. In addition, the controller generates a true random number based on a result of the estimation procedure.

Abstract: A system and method for providing non-deterministic data for processes executed by non-synchronized processor elements of a fault resilient system is discussed. The steps of the method comprise receiving a request for getting non-deterministic data from a requesting processor element; assigning non-deterministic data generated by an entropy source to the request; and supplying the non-deterministic data assigned to the request, to the requesting processor element.

Abstract: A hybrid random number generator (HRNG) including an output, a combinational logic, a TRNG, and a PRNG. The HRNG is configurable to operate in a first and a second mode, wherein in the first mode the PRNG is serially connected between the TRNG and the output and the TRNG intermittently influences the PRNG, and in the second mode the TRNG and the PRNG are connected to the output via the combinational logic.

Abstract: Generally, this disclosure describes a system and method for generating random numbers. In at least one embodiment described herein, the method may include generating random bits in accordance with at least one security application via an integrated circuit, said integrated circuit including a true random number generator having an analog core. The method may further include providing, via an internally generated power supply, power to said analog core via a voltage regulator associated with said true random number generator. Of course, additional operations are also within the scope of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A physical random number generation device includes a physical random number generation source which generates a white noise, an AD conversion module which inputs the white noise for conversion to a physical prime random number as digital data, a physical prime random number sequence generation module which inputs two or more physical prime random numbers to generate a physical prime random number sequence, a white noise array generation module for inputting the physical prime random number sequence and for generating a white noise array, a white noise composition module for generating multiple physical random numbers from the input white noise array, and an interface for externally outputting the generated physical random numbers as physical random number data. With this arrangement, multiple physical random numbers are generated at high speeds from the physical prime random number(s) taken out of the physical random number generation source as digital data.

Abstract: A random number generation system comprising one or more ring oscillators configured to generate entropy due to accumulated phase drift. A random number generator can include a ring oscillator configured to switch between a first state in which a signal of the ring oscillator oscillates between logic levels, and a second state in which the signal at least partially settles to one of the logic levels. The random number generator can also include a counter configured to measure a count of pulses of the signal and a whitener mechanism configured to receive the signal from the ring oscillator, latch a logic level of the signal from the ring oscillator, latch the count of pulses from the counter, and generate a random number based on the logic level and the count of pulses. Corresponding methods may also be performed.

Abstract: A detection circuit, including a sensing circuit configured to sense whether there is an external attack and generate second data from first data, a data conversion circuit configured to convert the first data to third data, and a comparator configured to compare the second data with the third data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for generating a random signal, based on quantum noise in the phase of two or more input signals. The generated output random signal has random variation in its intensity based on the quantum noise in the phases of the input signals.

Abstract: The pseudorandom number generating system repeatedly performs simple transformation of a non-secure pseudorandom number sequence that may be generated quickly, and thus may quickly generate a highly secure pseudorandom number sequence having a long period. Furthermore, the encryption system and the decryption system do not generate a large encryption function difficult to be deciphered based on a shared key 122, but prepare multiple functions 126, which perform fast, different types of transformation, and select a combination of functions determined based on information of the shared key 122, and make the selected functions transform a text multiple times, thereby encrypt the text. Each of the functions is fast, and thus transformation by the entire combination is also fast. Furthermore, since the combination of functions and repetitive count can be changed, future improvement in specification is easy. Moreover, security is high since which functions are applied in what order is unknown.

Abstract: A system having an entropy module, a memory module and a main module is disclosed. The entropy module may be configured to generate a plurality of first random numbers. The memory module may be configured to buffer (i) the first random numbers and (ii) a plurality of second random numbers. The main module is generally configured to (i) control a first transfer of the first random numbers from the entropy module to the memory module, (ii) control a second transfer of the first random numbers from the memory module to the main module, (iii) generate the second random numbers by encrypting the first random numbers and (iv) control a third transfer of the second random numbers from the main module to the memory module. The generation of the first random numbers and the generation of the second random numbers may be performed in parallel.

Abstract: A system for generating a true random number and implemented within an existing System on Chip (SoC) is provided herein. The system includes one or more sub circuitry synchronous modules configured to operate in a specified nominal clock rate, wherein each sub circuitry synchronous modules yields expected deterministic results when operating in its nominal clock rate; and a control module configured to clock the one or more sub circuitry synchronous modules each in a clock rate higher than its respective the nominal clock rate and beyond a specified value, to yield a non deterministic behavior of the one or more sub circuitry synchronous modules, resulting in one or more random signals, wherein the system is implemented within an existing system on chip (SOC).

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a highly efficient pseudo-random number generation device which can be used in a small-scale computer and a mobile terminal. [Means for Solving Problems] A memory table having n elements is prepared. A unique value is set for each of the n elements. By changing the contents of the respective elements in the memory table so as to change the memory table state. The change is extracted as a random number. Thus, it is possible to obtain a random number table of a cycle of power n at the maximum.

Abstract: A hardware-based digital random number generator is provided. The digital random number generator is a randomly behaving random number generator based on a set of nondeterministic behaviors. The nondeterministic behaviors include temporal asynchrony between subunits, entropy source “extra” bits, entropy measurement, autonomous deterministic random bit generator reseeding and consumption from a shared resource.

Abstract: A system for implementing a chip lockout protection scheme for an IC device includes an on-chip password register that stores a password externally input by a user; an on-chip security block that generates a chip unlock signal, depending on whether the externally input password matches a correct password; an on-chip false data generator; an input protection scheme configured to gate the external data inputs to functional chip circuitry upon entry of the correct password; and an output protection scheme in communication configured to steer true chip data to external outputs of the IC device upon entry of the correct password, and to steer false data generated by the false data generator to the external outputs upon entry of an incorrect password. The false generated by the false data generator is deterministic and based upon external data inputs, thereby obfuscating whether or not the correct password has been entered.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating three dimensional random numbers using three separate number generators for the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis. The present invention aims to further randomize number generation making use of the human intuitive sense. The number generators for each axis are the same apparatus. The random number generator apparatus makes use of disks that rotate at different rates with digits that are evenly distributed in a radial fashion. A reading sensor scans digits at certain positioned when a user intuitively triggers for a scan.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a system comprises a generator of a truly random signal is connected to an input and feedback device for the purpose of providing a user with real time feedback on the random signal. The user observes a representation of the signal in the process of an external physical event for the purpose of finding a correlation between the random output and what happens during the physical event. In some examples, the system is preferably designed such the system is shielded from all classically known forces such as gravity, physical pressure, motion, electromagnetic fields, humidity, etc. and/or, such classical forces are factored out of the process as much as possible. The system is thus designed to be selectively response to signals from living creatures, in particular, humans.

Abstract: Mental influence detectors and corresponding methods are useful for detecting an influence of mind and hidden or classically non-inferable information. An anomalous effect detector includes a source of non-deterministic random numbers, a converter to convert a property of numbers, a processor to accept converter output and to produce an output signal representative of an influence of mind. The processor output signal contains fewer numbers than the input. A quantum computer includes a physical source of entropy to generate output numbers; a source of test numbers; a measurement processor to accept output numbers and to measure a relationship between process numbers and at least one test number to produce an output representative of an influence of mind.

Abstract: A method of providing a portable true random number generator based on the microstructure and noise found in digital images is claimed and disclosed. Using the lowest significant bits of digitized images, strings of binary data are extracted. These raw strings are shown to pass the DIEHARD, NIST, and ENT tests for randomness for a robust selection of natural images. This information is available to, and may be processed by off-the-shelf technology including smartphones or other embedded devices without undue constraints on physical and environmental parameters. The method represents a significantly improved portable means of random number generation for all security, cryptographic, entertainment and PSI applications.

Abstract: A method for generating random numbers mimics by software the principle of coin flipping by combining different sources of randomness. The random number to be generated is assembled bit by bit from the subsequent results of this “coin flipping simulation”. The method for generating a random number with nRND bits BRi, wherein 0?i?nRND?1, comprises the steps of • providing a random bit table BFT with mBFT addressable bits BTj, wherein 0?j?mBFT?1, said random bit table containing an equal number of “0” bits and “1” bits in a random distribution, and • for a bit BRi of said random number with 0?i?nRND?1, generating an address FA in the range between 0 and mBFT?1, selecting the bit BTFA having the address FA from said random bit table, and setting said bit BRi of said random number to equal said bit BTFA from said random bit table (BRi=BTFA).

Abstract: The invention reduces unnecessary electromagnetic radiation noise associated with a step pulse of an output signal. A random number control register is a register for controlling start, standby, stop, timing or the like of output of random number data from a random number generation circuit. Random number data outputted by the random number generation circuit is stored in a rise/fall time variable data register. The data stored in the rise/fall time variable data register is replaced by random number data sequentially generated by the random number generation circuit. An output circuit is a circuit for outputting a signal from an internal circuit of a microcomputer to an external device, and the rise/fall times of the output signal from the output circuit are variably controlled in response to the random number data stored in the rise/fall time variable data register.

Abstract: A random number generating device includes: a pulse voltage generator configured to generate a pulse voltage having an amplitude of 26 mV or more; a random noise generating element including source and drain regions formed at a distance from each other on a semiconductor substrate, a tunnel insulating film formed on a portion of the semiconductor substrate located between the source region and the drain region, and a gate electrode formed above the tunnel insulating film and to which the pulse voltage is applied, the random noise generating element configured to generate a random noise contained in a current flowing between the source region and the drain region; and a random number generating unit configured to generate a random number signal based on the random noise.

Abstract: A random signal generator includes a differential noise generation circuit, an amplification circuit and a single-ended amplifier. The differential noise generation circuit includes a pair of input nodes and a pair of output nodes, and is configured to receive noise signals at the pair of input nodes and to generate differential noise signals at the pair of output nodes. The differential noise generation circuit is self-biased such that the pair of input nodes is coupled to the pair of output nodes. The amplification circuit is configured to amplify the differential noise signals output from the differential noise generation circuit to generate amplified differential signals. The single-ended amplifier is configured to generate a random signal based on the amplified differential signals, the random signal having irregular transition time points.

Abstract: Method and device for generating factors of a RSA modulus N with a predetermined portion Nh, the RSA modulus comprising at least two factors. A first prime p is generated; a value Nh that forms a part of modulus N is obtained; a second prime q is generated in an interval dependent from p and Nh so that pq is a RSA modulus that shares Nh; and information enabling the calculation of the modulus/V is outputted.

Abstract: A system having a pseudo random number generator, a control circuit being configured to increase a quality of a pseudo random number output signal of the pseudo random number generator by coupling the pseudo random number generator with a true random number output signal of a true random number generator and a consumer circuit being configured to use the pseudo random number output signal before and after the increase.

Abstract: A random number generator uses the output of a true random generator to alter the behavior of a pseudo-random number generator. The alteration is performed by a mixing logic that builds a random seed for the pseudo-random number generator and includes a generator of an alteration signal, the generation of which exploits the random instant of arrival of the bits outgoing from the true random generator. The alteration signal is obtained by processing the seed by means of the pseudo-random sequence.

Abstract: A random number generator (RNG) resistant to side channel attacks includes an activation pseudo random number generator (APRNG) having an activation output connected to an activation seed input to provide a next seed to the activation seed input. A second random number generator includes a second seed input, which receives the next seed and a random data output, which outputs random data in accordance with the next seed. An input seed memory is connected to the activation seed input and a feedback connection from the activation output so that the next seed is stored in the input seed memory to be used by the APRNG as the activation seed input at a next startup cycle.

Abstract: A public key cryptography (PKI or other similar system) is used to sent partial or multiple of encryption or decryption algorithm (cipher or decipher) to the data sender or receiver to encrypt or decrypt the data to be sent or received and destroy itself after each or multiple use. Since the encryption algorithm is protected, it can be devised very small in size in compare to the data to be sent and the user can afford to use large key size in it's transmission to increase protection without significant compact to the overall speed. Without knowing the encryption algorithm, which may also be changing from time to time, it will be impossible to use brut force to break the code provided that the algorithm scheme is designed properly. It is due to that there are unlimited numbers of new or old algorithms with countless variations and it takes years of supper fast computing time to break even few algorithms.

Abstract: Systems and/or methods that facilitate security of data are presented. A random number generation component generates random numbers based in part on electron activity in a select memory cell(s) to facilitate data security. Sensor components that are highly sensitive can be employed to sense activity of the select memory cell(s) and/or reference memory cell in a noise margin associated with respective memory cells in the memory component. The activity of the select memory cell is compared to the reference memory cell(s) to facilitate generating binary data. The binary data is provided to the random number generation component where the binary data is evaluated to determine whether a predetermined level of entropy exists in the binary data. The binary data, or a portion thereof, can be processed to generate random numbers that are utilized in cryptographic processes and/or as a physical signature to facilitate data security.

Abstract: A data encryption device that is capable of stopping power analysis attacks and reducing instances of speed drops and memory amount increases in encryption processing more effectively than in the past; the data encryption device performs a predetermined encryption, based on a key, on a plain text, and includes a random number generation unit (410a) which generates one core random number per round, concatenates a predetermined amount of plural core random numbers and generates a first random number; an exclusive OR unit which data-merges the plain text with the first random number and generates intermediate data (410b); and a data randomizing unit (410f, 410k) which performs a data randomizing process on the intermediate data, the data randomizing process being based on the first random number, a second random number and the key.

Abstract: A random number generator generates a string of random bits from a received RF signal source. A sample-and-hold circuit is coupled to the received RF signal source. The RF signal is sampled by a jittered clock signal from a source coupled to the sample-and-hold circuit. The frequency of the jittered clock signal is less than frequency of the received RF signal. The random number appears at the output of the sample-and-hold circuit.

Abstract: In the field of direct mind-machine interactions, prior art devices and methods do not provide sufficiently fast and reliable results. Mental influence detectors (100, 140, 400, 430) and corresponding methods provide fast and reliable results useful for detecting an influence of mind and hidden or classically non-inferable information. An anomalous effect detector (100) includes a source (104) of non-deterministic random numbers (110), a converter (114) to convert a property of numbers, a processor to accept converter output (118) and to produce an output signal (124) representative of an influence of mind. The processor output signal (124) contains fewer numbers than the input (110).

Abstract: Method and device for creating a starting value for a pseudorandom number generator, having a reader configured to unstably read out an output value from a memory cell and a determiner configured to determine the starting value on the basis of the output value of the memory cell.

Abstract: A random number generating device includes a semiconductor device including a source region, a drain region, a channel region provided between the source region and the drain region, and an insulating portion provided on the channel region, the insulating portion including a trap insulating film having traps based on dangling bonds and expressed by Six(SiO2)y(Si3N4)1-yMz (M is an element other than Si, O, and N, x?0, 1?y?0, z?0, the case where x=0 and y=1 and z=0 is excluded), conductivity of the channel region varying randomly depending on the amount of charge caught in the traps, and a random number generating unit connected to the semiconductor device and generating random numbers based on a random variation in the conductivity of the channel region.

Abstract: A compact apparatus for generation of desired pseudorandom sequences with controllable period. The apparatus includes two-dimensional cellular automata for generating a first sequence, 2-by-L cellular automata for generating a second sequence, adders for performing bit-to-bit mod2 sum of the first sequences and the second sequences, and a buffer for buffering the resultant sequences from the adders.

Abstract: In the field of direct mind-machine interactions, prior art devices and methods do not provide sufficiently fast and reliable results. Mental influence detectors (100, 140, 400, 430) and corresponding methods provide fast and reliable results useful for detecting an influence of mind and hidden or classically non-inferable information. An anomalous effect detector (100) includes a source (104) of non-deterministic random numbers (110), a converter (114) to convert a property of numbers, a processor to accept converter output (118) and to produce an output signal (124) representative of an influence of mind. The processor output signal (124) contains fewer numbers than the input (110).