Abstract: A system and method thereof for performing loss-less migration of an application group. In an exemplary embodiment, the system may include a high-availability services module structured for execution in conjunction with an operating system, and one or more computer nodes of a distributed system upon which at least one independent application can be executed upon. The high-availability services module may be structured to be executable on the one or more computer nodes for loss-less migration of the one or more independent applications, and is operable to perform checkpointing of all state in a transport connection.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed wherein TCP may approximate Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) or UDP delivery for real-time video/data conferencing applications that have long RTT connections.

Abstract: Aspects of data re-direction are described, which can include software-defined networking (SDN) data re-direction operations. Some aspects include data re-direction operations performed by one or more virtualized network functions. In some aspects, a network router decodes an indication of a handover of a user equipment (UE) from a first end point (EP) to a second EP, based on the indication, the router can update a relocation table including the UE identifier, an identifier of the first EP, and an identifier of the second EP. The router can receive a data packet for the UE, configured for transmission to the first EP, and modify the data packet, based on the relocation table, for rerouting to the second EP. In some aspects, the router can decode handover prediction information, including an indication of a predicted future geographic location of the UE, and update the relocation table based on the handover prediction information.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to network redundancy using alternate network uplinks. An embodiment of a wireless access point includes one or more processors; a wireless transmitter and receiver; and a connection for a network uplink, the wireless access point to: transmit a request to multiple devices connected to the wireless access point regarding redundant network links; identify one or more devices that include redundant network links and are capable and willing to provide alternate network uplinks, including a first device including a first redundant network link; provide a network operation for one or more devices using the network uplink; upon detecting a loss of the network uplink, transmit a request to at least the first device to enable a first alternate network uplink using the first redundant network link; and transmit and receive data for the network operation through the first device for the first alternate network uplink.

Abstract: A routing entry generation method and apparatus and a trie generation method and apparatus, such that the routing entry generation method includes: obtaining M first routing entries, where each first routing entry includes a correspondence between a route and an outbound interface, and M?2; and combining the M first routing entries to generate N second routing entries, where at least one of the N second routing entries includes a correspondence between a common route and an outbound interface, the common route is used to indicate two or more routes, N<M, and both N and M are integers.

Abstract: An apparatus in one embodiment includes at least one processing device, with the at least one processing device comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The at least one processing device is configured to monitor performance of respective ones of a plurality of paths for accessing a logical storage device, and responsive to detection of at least one specified condition in the monitored performance relating to at least a subset of the paths, to switch the logical storage device from utilization of a first access protocol to utilization of a second access protocol different than the first access protocol. For example, in some embodiments, the at least one processing device is configured to switch the logical storage device from a SCSI access protocol to an NVMe access protocol, and vice versa, responsive to congestion, errors or other detected performance conditions currently impacting one of the access protocols.

Abstract: Management of a group of connected objects in a communications network including at least one local network. The connected objects, known as client objects, have at least one functional attribute. The method includes: obtaining an identifier of the group and an encryption key of the group); assigning the group at least one connected object according to at least one functional attribute of the connected object; obtaining an encryption key of the object; encrypting the encryption key of the group using the encryption key of the object; transmitting the identifier of the group, and the encrypted encryption key of the group to the at least one connected object.

Abstract: This application discloses a packet processing method and an LSR. The method includes: receiving, by an Ingress LSR of a first MPLS tunnel, a first notification packet that is based on an IGP, where the first notification packet includes an ELC flag, which is used to indicate that the first Egress LSR has ELC; after learning from the first notification packet that the first Egress LSR has ELC, inserting a label into a first packet, to generate a second packet, where the label forms an MPLS label stack, which includes, from bottom to top, a first EL, a first ELI, and a first TL; and sending the second packet to the first Egress LSR through the first MPLS tunnel.

Abstract: Disclosed by embodiments of the present application are a network access method used for an edge router and an edge router. One specific embodiment of the method comprises: receiving a first request message sent by a first tenant network edge device among at least one tenant network edge device; on the basis of port information of a port connected to the first tenant network edge device, obtaining a first request identification corresponding to the first tenant network edge device, wherein the first request identification is used to identify the first tenant network edge device; adding the first request identification to the first request message so as to generate a processed first request message; and on the basis of a stored routing table, forwarding the processed first request message to a cloud gateway.

Abstract: A transfer method is performed by an information processing apparatus.

Abstract: A system for managing and controlling a mesh VPN includes a management computing platform, a control computing platform, teleworker computing subsystems, and an office computing subsystem. The management computing platform provides deployment and management services to an organization for operation of a mesh VPN in a WAN in accordance with a service profile. The mesh VPN includes a hub node and a plurality of end nodes. Each end node communicates with the VPN hub node and with other end nodes via peer-to-peer paths. The control computing platform is the hub node and provide a control service for operation of the mesh VPN based on the service profile. The teleworker and office computing subsystems are end nodes. Various methods for operation of the computing platforms and subsystems in the mesh VPN are also provided.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices related to an enhanced retry count for an uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmission. A device may identify a trigger frame received from a first device on a wireless communication channel. The device may determine a quality of service counter associated with an access category. The device may cause to send a frame to the first device based at least in part on the trigger frame. The device may determine an error condition associated with the frame. The device may refrain from incrementing the quality of service counter based on the error condition.

Abstract: Systems and methods herein provide for a proxy infrastructure. In the proxy infrastructure, a network element (e.g., a supernode) is connected with a plurality of exit nodes. At one of a plurality of messenger units of the proxy infrastructure, a proxy protocol request is received directly from a client computing device. The proxy protocol request specifies a request and a target. In response the proxy protocol request, a selection is made between one between one of the plurality of exit nodes. A message with the request is sent from the messenger to the supernode connected with the selected exit node. Finally, the message is sent from the supernode to the selected exit node to forward the request to the target.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to prefetching content from a remote memory device to a memory tier local to a higher level cache or memory. An application or device can indicate a time availability for data to be available in a higher level cache or memory. A prefetcher used by a network interface can allocate resources in any intermediary network device in a data path from the remote memory device to the memory tier local to the higher level cache. Memory access bandwidth, egress bandwidth, memory space in any intermediary network device can be allocated for prefetch of content. In some examples, proactive prefetch can occur for content expected to be prefetched but not requested to be prefetched.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for scaling resources that handle, participate, and/or control routing protocol sessions. In one example, this disclosure describes a method that includes instantiating a plurality of containerized routing protocol modules, each capable of storing routing information about a network having a plurality of routers; performing network address translation to enable each of the containerized routing protocol modules to communicate with each of the plurality of routers using a public address associated with the computing system; configuring each of the containerized routing protocol modules to peer with a different subset of the plurality of routers so that each of the containerized routing protocol modules share routing information with a respective different subset of the plurality of routers; and configuring each of the containerized routing protocol modules to peer with each other to share routing information received from the different subsets of the plurality of routers.

Abstract: A packet loss processing method and a network device are provided. The method includes: A first node obtains a first forwarding label of a first packet, where the first packet is a discarded packet. The first node determines, based on the first forwarding label, that the first node does not have a LSP corresponding to the first forwarding label. The first node sends a first message to a second node, where the first message includes the first forwarding label, and the first message is used to indicate that the first node does not have the LSP corresponding to the first forwarding label. The second node may be, for example, a peer node of the first node. The first node sends the message to the peer node, to indicate that the first node does not have the LSP corresponding to the forwarding label.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and apparatuses for processing network traffic by a queuing system which may include: receiving pointers to chunks of memory allocated responsive to receipt of network traffic, the chunks of memory each including a portion of a queue batch, wherein the queue batch includes a plurality of queue requests; generating a data structure including the pointers and a reference count; assigning the queue request to a second core; generating a first structured message for the first queue request; and storing the first structured message in a structured message passing queue associated with the second core, wherein a second processing thread associated with the second core, responsive to receiving the structured message, processes the first queue request by retrieving the first queue request from at least one of the chunks of memory.

Abstract: Systems and methods for creating loopback packets for transmission through a section of a network for the purpose of testing the operability of links and nodes in this section of the network are provided. A method, according to one implementation, includes a step of obtaining information, by a Network Element (NE), about the topology of the network related to at least the nodes in direct communication with a peer node. The method also includes a step of generating one or more loopback packets, where each loopback packet includes at least a header having a path list including one or more nodes of the plurality of nodes in the network. Each path list defines an order of nodes through which the respective loopback packet is to be transmitted.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include systems, methods, computing devices, computer-implemented methods, and the like for modeling and/or simulating performance of a telecommunications network during one or more failure scenarios that reduces computational time and/or power over previous simulation techniques. Modeling and simulating the network may include generating an initial network model from network data information and applying one or more transformations to the initial network model to reduce the size of the model. Following transformation, simulation methods may be applied to the generated network model based on routing characteristics of the components of the network. To reduce the computations utilized to simulate such components and/or routing decisions in the network, one or more simulation algorithms may be applied to the transformed network model to reduce the number of routing decisions simulated.

Abstract: A router configured as an autonomous system border router (ASBR) in a local autonomous system (AS), includes: (1) a control component for communicating and computing routing information, the control component running a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) and peering with at least one BGP peer device in an outside autonomous system (AS) different from the local AS; and (2) a forwarding component for forwarding packets using forwarding information derived from the routing information computed by the control component, wherein the control component (i) receives reachability information for an external prefix corresponding to a device outside the local AS, and (ii) associates the external prefix, as a BGP next hop (B_NH), an abstract next hop (ANH) that identifies a set of BGP (eBGP) sessions that contains at least one eBGP session over which given external prefix has been learned, each of the at least one eBGP sessions being between the ASBR and a BGP peer device in an AS outside the AS, wherein the device located out

Abstract: Systems and methods for peer storage device messaging over a control bus to offload and back up internal operation data are disclosed. Storage devices may include a host interface configured to connect to a host system and a control bus interface to connect to a control bus. Peer storage devices may establish peer communication through the control bus interface, select internal operation data, and send the internal operation data to other peer storage devices through the control bus. Responsive to a recovery event, peer storage devices may receive the offloaded internal operation data from another peer storage device.

Abstract: System and method for collection, control and wireless transmission of environmental and other data. Nodes may wirelessly connect to other nodes to relay node specific information, collected sensor data or commands to and from other nodes and gateway nodes linked to a central database. Nodes in gateway mode may be capable of aggregating and relaying commands and data between other nodes and a centralized database. Nodes may bypass other nodes and/or gateway nodes and communicate directly with the central database via satellite or cellular link. Nodes may be self-contained devices, inclusive of a wind or solar power source and a battery, eliminating the need for an external power source. Nodes may be configured independently or as a system to monitor and control various types of equipment including utility lines or water systems or used to collect environmental data. Nodes may communicate on different channels/frequencies based on systematic or pseudo-random changes.

Abstract: A computer comprising a plurality of interconnected processing nodes arranged in a toroid configuration in which multiple layers of interconnected nodes are arranged along an axis; each layer comprising a plurality of processing nodes connected in a ring in a non-axial plane by at least an intralayer respective set of links between each pair of neighbouring processing nodes, the links in each set adapted to operate simultaneously; wherein each of the processing nodes in each layer is connected to a respective corresponding node in each adjacent layer by an interlayer link to form respective rings along the axis; the computer programmed to provide a plurality of embedded one-dimensional logical paths and to transmit data around each of the embedded one-dimensional paths in such a manner that the plurality of embedded one-dimensional logical paths operate simultaneously, each logical path using all processing nodes of the computer in a sequence.

Abstract: A system dynamically assigns spaces to users. The system acquires scheduling information for users and identified times when one of the spaces should be assigned to a group of the users (e.g., when a meeting is scheduled). The system may select the space based on the size of the group. The users wear smart identifier (ID) badges that transmit short-range communications signals. A detector detects the signals and may forward a notification to the system identifying the users' locations. The system dynamically re-assigns the space to different users if more than a threshold portion of the group members are, based on the determined locations, not expected to reach the reserved space at the scheduled time. The system assigns a different space to the group that is closer to the determined locations and/or more appropriately sized for the number of available group members.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to a multipath data transmission processing method and a network device. A first network device receives a packet from a first host device, and determines a first connection identifier between the first network device and a second network device based on the packet. The first network device encapsulates the packet based on the first connection identifier. The first network device sends the encapsulated packet to the second network device through one of a plurality of subflows between the first network device and the second network device. According to the embodiments of this application, multipath data transmission is implemented, a data transmission rate is increased, and a host device does not perceive a plurality of paths. The embodiments of this application can be applied to any existing communications system.

Abstract: A lane information management method for managing lane information using a processor is provided. This method includes acquiring road map information and information on a travel history that is represented by a travel trajectory on a road map, determining, using a plurality of the travel histories, whether or not a lane connected to an intersection is in a multiple lane form in which two or more lines of vehicles are formed on a single lane, and managing the lane information, including a result of determination of the multiple lane form in the lane information.

Abstract: The present application describes a detect, alert and recovery system for various cloud-based and/or network-based services. The detect, alert and recovery system receives network performance data associated with a particular namespace from various network information sources. The network performance data may be aggregated based on various scopes. The aggregated data is then analyzed to determine whether an anomaly exists. If an anomaly exists, the detect, alert and recovery system may cause the performance of various actions in order to address the anomaly.

Abstract: Edge clusters execute in a plurality of regional clouds of a cloud computing platforms, which may include cloud POPs. Edge clusters may be programmed to control access to applications executing in the cloud computing platform. Edge clusters and an intelligent routing module route traffic to applications executing in the cloud computing platform. Cost and latency may be managed by the intelligent routing module by routing requests over the Internet or a cloud backbone network and using or bypassing cloud POPs. The placement of edge clusters may be selected according to measured or estimated latency. Latency may be estimated using speed test servers and the locations of speed test servers may be verified.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, a cloud operation reservation system is provided through which cloud operations may be scheduled and managed. The cloud operation reservation system includes logic for defining a set of time windows that are available to perform one or more cloud operations on cloud targets and presenting the set of time windows to one or more tenants of a cloud service. Tenants may browse the presented set of time windows and submit reservation requests to update and/or perform other operations on cloud targets. In response to receiving, a request to reserve one or more slots in a particular time window, the cloud operation reservation system schedules one or more cloud operations to be performed on a cloud target that is available to at least one tenant.

Abstract: A device determines traffic and costs associated with a network that includes network devices interconnected by links, and determines traffic assignments for the network based on the traffic and the costs associated with the network. The device determines tunnel use for the network based on the traffic assignments, and determines peer link use for the network based on the tunnel use. The device determines costs associated with the traffic assignments, the tunnel use, and the peer link use for the network, and generates traffic plans based on the traffic assignments, the tunnel use, the peer link use, and the costs associated with the traffic assignments, the tunnel use, and the peer link use. The device causes one of the traffic plans to be implemented in the network by the network devices and the links.

Abstract: A memory for storing a directed acyclic graph (DAG) for access by an application being executed by one or more processors of a computing device is described. The DAG includes a plurality of nodes, wherein each node represents a data point within the DAG. The DAG further includes a plurality of directional edges. Each directional edge connects a pair of the nodes and represents a covering-covered relationship between two nodes (a covering node and a covered node). Each node comprises a subgraph consisting of the respective node and all other nodes reachable via a covering path that comprises a sequence of covering and covered nodes. Nodes present in the subgraph that do not cover any other nodes are leaves of the subgraph. Each node comprises a set of node parameters including at least an identifier and an address range. Each node and the legal address specify a cover path.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to systems and methods for tiered updating of configuration data. Updated configuration data is transmitted to different tiers of nodes. The nodes of a first tier are commanded to use the updated configuration data. After waiting to see if any nodes of the first tier communicate a fault after using the updated configuration data, for each of the additional tiers in the CDN it is sequentially repeated to: transmit a command to the nodes of that additional tier to use the updated configuration data; and after waiting to see if any nodes of any tier communicate a fault after using the updated configuration data, transmitting a command to the nodes of another additional tier to use the updated configuration data.

Abstract: A system and method for providing communication in a distributed LMR system architecture is provided herein, wherein the system includes a plurality of LMR subsystems interconnected by a data network. In some embodiments, a subsystem may include a distributed simulcast architecture comprising a plurality of LMR sites, each site having a subsystem controller and a plurality of repeaters. In one embodiment, one subsystem controller operates in an active mode and the remaining subsystem controllers operate in standby to provide redundancy. The repeaters include integrated voter comparator and simulcast controller functionality and circuitry. In some embodiments, the repeaters are operable in an active or standby mode, wherein repeaters in the active mode perform voter comparator and simulcast controller functionality. The distributed simulcast architecture provides simulcast controller and voter comparator redundancy, network failure redundancy, and site redundancy.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing bandwidth loss in IPv6 packet switching networks. A network appliance is configured to sample IPv6 packets and mirror sampled packets to a working memory or memory structure, such as a queue. A transport layer payload is extracted from each sampled packet and a transport layer checksum validation operation is performed. Upon detecting an error, the network appliance updates a dropped packet rate or other metric.

Abstract: A data transmission method includes receiving a service request sent by a terminal device. The method also includes determining, based on the service request, a target transmission path of service data corresponding to the service request and a change policy corresponding to the target transmission path. The method further includes changing, according to the change policy, a current content delivery network (CDN) to a target CDN. The target CDN includes a plurality of serving nodes corresponding to the target transmission path. The method additionally includes sending an indication message to a first serving node in the target CDN to indicate the first serving node to send the service data to the terminal device through the target transmission path; or sending an indication message to a second serving node in the target CDN to indicate the second serving node to send the service data to the terminal device.

Abstract: Provided are a control apparatus, a control method, and a program capable of designing efficient end-to-end monitoring in a VPN infrastructure. The control apparatus according to the present invention controls end-to-end monitoring in a VPN infrastructure in which communications of a plurality of users are superimposed. The control apparatus includes a user end database 11 that stores information about customer edge apparatuses (CEs) for each of the users, each of the CEs serving as a monitoring end of end-to-end monitoring, an end-to-end path database 12 that stores information about all links included in a path between the CEs, and an end-to-end monitoring management unit 13 that sets a monitoring path for end-to-end monitoring to between the CEs so that combinations of the monitoring path passing through each of the links are coprime.

Abstract: A method involves receiving authentication module configuration data at a user device from a remote management platform. User credentials are received at the authentication module of the user device using a graphical user interface. The user credentials are transmitted to a remote identity provider service. Upon receiving a response indicating that the user credentials are authenticated by the remote identity provider service, the user credentials are transmitted to an operating system authentication module at the user device. Upon receiving a response indicating that the user credentials are not authenticated by the operating system authentication module, previously-stored user credentials are retrieved from an encrypted credential database at the user device. The user credentials are stored at an operating system credential database using the previously-stored user credentials. The user credentials are retransmitted to the operating system authentication module to authenticate the user at the user device.

Abstract: Information pertinent to a connectivity issue reported by a switch may be determined, compiled and reported; and action may be taken autonomously to address the connectivity issue based on the information. The additional information may be determined by the storage system, including querying a switch in response to the switch notifying the storage system of the I/O error, and the storage system accessing one or more data structures to determine additional information. The storage system may cause I/O communications on the I/O path to be at least temporarily diverted. For example, in response to receiving an I/O request on the I/O path corresponding to the connectivity issue, the storage system may send a communication to the host system that causes the host system not to send additional I/O requests on the I/O path, at least temporarily, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.

Abstract: Techniques are described for wireless communication. A method of wireless communication at a transmitting wireless device includes generating a first Message Authentication Code for a data packet based at least in part on a first security key used to communicate with a receiving wireless device; generating a second message authentication code for the data packet based at least in part on a second security key used to communicate with a relay user equipment (UE), in which the relay UE is included in a data routing path between the transmitting wireless device and the receiving wireless device; and transmitting the data packet to the relay UE with at least the first message authentication code and the second message authentication code.

Abstract: Provided is a controller for dynamically balancing load between different servers using different thresholds that are continually modified for each of the servers. The controller may generate a baseline load measure based on load measures received from the different servers, and may configure a first threshold for a first server and a second threshold for a second server based on the load measure at the first server deviating from the baseline load measure by a first amount that is greater than a second amount by which the load measure at the second server deviates from the baseline load measure. The controller may allocate an additional server to distribute first content with the first server in response to first content load at the first server satisfying the first threshold and the same load or a greater load of second content at the second server not satisfying the second threshold.

Abstract: An information handling system includes a data handling device and a baseboard management controller (BMC). The data handling device includes a co-processor configured to instantiate a device operating system for the data handling device. The data handling device includes a Management Component Transport Protocol (MCTP) endpoint. The BMC establishes a serial terminal session with the device operating system via the MCTP endpoint.

Abstract: An address rotation system detects a trigger to initiate rotation of location information of an origin server that provides content to be served by a content delivery service. In response to the trigger, the address rotation system identifies an active networking route of the content delivery service and obtains, from the route, an assigned first name of the origin server and a first network address in a name service. The address rotation system replaces the first network address with a second network address and updates the name service to resolve a second name to the second network address. The address rotation system updates the content delivery service with the second name to allow the content delivery service to use the second name to obtain the second network address and access the origin server.

Abstract: An Autonomous System (AS) may receive an AS route update from a remote AS at an isolated border gateway (BGW) router of an AS. The AS may analyze a data traffic routing path in the AS route update to determine whether the AS route update is a problematic update, the data traffic routing path for routing data traffic through a plurality of ASs that include the AS. In response to determining that the AS route update is a non-problematic update, the AS may implement the AS route update into the one or more operational BGW routers of the AS to route the data traffic between the plurality of ASs. In response to determining that the AS route update is a problematic update, the AS may designate the AS route update from the remote AS as unsuitable for implementation into one or more operational BGW routers of the AS.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for providing a distributed scalable architecture for Network Address Translation (NAT) systems with high availability and mitigations for flow breakage during failover events. The NAT servers may include functionality to serve as fast-path servers and/or slow-path servers. A fast-path server may include a NAT worker that includes a cache of NAT mappings to perform stateful network address translation and to forward packets with minimal latency. A slow-path server may include a mapping server that creates new NAT mappings, depreciates old ones, and answers NAT worker state requests. The NAT system may use virtual mapping servers (VMSs) running on primary physical servers with state duplicated VMSs on different physical failover servers.

Abstract: In a multi controller storage system, hardware and software are updated without interruption. The storage system including a node has storage control units each including a processor, a memory, and a port; and a storage drive, and the storage control units each request data access and transmit and receive data with respect to a host computer via the ports. The processors process input and output data from the host computer, the memories store the control information in order to access the data stored in the storage drive, and the storage system transmits the control information stored in the memories to another node, stores the control information in the memories of the storage control units, and sets ports of the other node in consideration of a relationship between the storage control units and the ports of the nodes, if the other node can access data relating to the control information.

Abstract: An embodiment includes peer-to-peer (P2P) pairing protocols that mutually authenticate both end points and do not rely upon a backend server or a central certificate provisioning server. An embodiment provides a persistent control path for sending inter-peer control information (e.g., synchronization messages). Another inter-peer path includes an “on-demand” data path enabled when a unit determines content is ready for sharing. After the content is shared, the data path may be deconstructed, which saves resources on both sides and makes the framework more scalable. Also, embodiments include graphical user avatars to whereby a first peer shares content with a second peer by dragging content over the avatar.

Abstract: Techniques for using traceroute with tunnels and cloud-based systems for determining measures of network performance are presented. Systems and methods include performing a plurality of traces between two nodes in a service path; obtaining latency measurements for each of the plurality of traces for each of one or more hops between the two nodes; and determining average latency between each of the one or more hops based on the latency measurements, adjusted average latency for each hop, and differential average latency for each hop.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for processing a packet for a pipeline of a hardware switch. The pipeline, in some embodiments, includes several different stages that match against packet header fields and modify packet header fields. The method receives a packet that includes a set of packet headers. The method then populates, for each packet header in the set of packet headers, (i) a first set of registers with packet header field values of the packet header that are used in the pipeline, and (ii) a second set of registers with packet header field values of the packet header that are not used in the pipeline.

Abstract: Creating and using a virtual cluster may include: creating a first cluster logical device on a first data storage system including data nodes; creating a second cluster logical device on a second data storage system including data nodes; configuring the first cluster logical device and the second cluster logical device as a same first logical device; establishing bidirectional remote replication between the first and second cluster logical devices; determining pairs of data nodes including a data node from the first data storage system and another data node from the second data storage system; determining a failure of a first data node on the first data storage system, wherein one of the pairs of data nodes includes the first data node and a second data node of the second data storage system; and responsive to determining the failure of the first data node, performing failover processing by the second data node.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for verifying a transaction in a blockchain network may be provided. The blockchain network comprises nodes participating in performing the transaction. The method comprises grouping the nodes of the blockchain network into a plurality of clusters of nodes. For each cluster, the method comprises determining for each node of the cluster performance parameter values, calculating a weighted sum of the determined performance parameter values, designating the node with the highest weighted sum as cluster leader, designating a number of nodes of the cluster whose weighted sum is next to the highest weighted sum, as sub-cluster leader, the number being at least half of the total number of nodes within said cluster, and verifying the transaction for the cluster by the cluster leader and the sub-cluster leaders.