Abstract: In producing a mixed phosphatic fertilizer, humic acid is mixed with fused phosphate to cause the humic acid to react on alkaline ingredients of the fused phosphate for turning these alkaline ingredients into chelate compounds, so that water-soluble phosphoric acid contents of succeedingly added phosphatic fertilizers such as calcium superphosphate and calcium triple-superphosphate are not reduced or insolubilized by being reacted with such alkaline ingredients. Thus, unlike the prior art, a stabilized predetermined level of water-soluble phosphoric acid contents can be secured in the resultant mixed phosphatic fertilizer along with a predetermined level of citric acid-soluble phosphoric acid contents.

Abstract: The present invention includes an improved nutrient, in particle form, for use in enhancing fungus growth, and particularly directed to edible mushrooms. The nutrient is in the form of conglomerate particles including an irregularly shaped matrix particle and a plurality of enhancer droplets attached to the matrix particle at various recessed attachment positions. The matrix material is denatured protein while the enhancer droplets are fatty oil and phospholipid material microencapsulated in a layer of activated protein mixed with mycelium growth stimulators. The present invention further includes a method for preparing nutrient particles for increasing the growth and yield of mushrooms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new azulmic acids stabilized by condensation with carbonyl compounds, several processes for their preparation and their use for various purposes.

Abstract: A multi-trace element fertilizer which contains magnesium as a further nutrient and in which the complex-forming trace elements are present in the form of anionic chelates with one or more N-carboxyalkylaminoacids is prepared by a process wherein the N-carboxyalkylaminoacids are reacted, in the presence of water, with the trace elements or trace element compounds in a molar ratio of N-carboxyalkylaminoacids to trace elements or trace element compounds of not less than 0.8:1, at least 20% by weight of the trace element compounds being oxides, hydroxides and/or carbonates. At the same time, or subsequently, the pH of the solution is brought to 3.5-6 by adding a member selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, hydroxide and carbonate. A maximum of 50 equivalent percent of the magnesium compound may however be replaced by a member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal oxides, hydroxides and carbonates and ammonia.

Abstract: Microporous, fertilizing materials or compositions, retaining water and accelerating the germination and growth of plants, characterized in that they are composed of a hydrocarbon base containing asphaltenes modified by an oxidation agent producing a liberation of gas, directly, or indirectly, in combination with at least one mineral compound reacting in acid medium, to which materials or compositions it is possible to add, by simple mixing, appropriate common manures, oligo-elements and fertilizers.Method of preparation of fertilizing materials or compositions, characterized in that a non-acid oxidizing agent is mixed with a molten hydrocarbon base in a proportion of 25 to 50% by weight with 5 to 10% of a mineral compound, the mixture is kept for 5 to 7 hours at 180.degree.-250.degree. C., poured into metal trays, cooled, ground and screened into granules of a diameter ranging from 1 to 3 mm.

Abstract: Low molecular weight alkanoic acids and alkanoate anions thereof, particularly acetic acid and acetate ion, are effective in enhancing the ability of nitrogen fertilizers to promote plant growth and productivity.

Abstract: Homogeneous sulfur-hydrocarbon blends comprising a continuous sulfur matrix containing hydrocarbon, and methods of manufacture and use are described. These materials are particularly suitable as soil supplements, for comminution, or for compounding with hydrophobic materials such as elastomers and oil-based paints. Several advantages are apparent in essentially any application involving storage or transport.

Abstract: Products such as film, sheet, paper, fiber, coating material, binder, and molded materials e.g. capsules, cups et al are disclosed. The products are prepared by use of an alpha-glucan comprising repeating units of [3)-Glc-(1.fwdarw.4)-Glc-(1.fwdarw.4)-Glc-(1.fwdarw.], (wherein Glc represents alpha-D-glucopyranose residue) as its sole constituent or a member of its constituents according to conventional methods.

Abstract: Homogeneous sulfur-hydrocarbon blends comprising a continuous sulfur matrix containing hydrocarbon, and methods of manufacture and use are described. These materials are particularly suitable as soil supplements, for comminution, or for compounding with hydrophobic materials such as elastomers and oil-based paints. Several advantages are apparent in essentially any application involving storage or transport.

Abstract: A biological degradation process for the treatment of organic containing waste-matter for producing a waste-matter sludge material, the process containing a step for contacting microorganisms with the organic-containing waste matter, which comprises adding to said step a microbial activity-enhancing concentration of a mineral composite consisting essentially of glacial deposit. Other mineral composites may also be used. The invention also relates to an improved waste-matter sludge material.

Abstract: A method for treating a water containing waste such as industrial sludges and animal excrements. The method comprises a first step of mixing the waste with an alkaline earth metal oxide such as calcium oxide to obtain a preliminarily dried mixture and a second step of further drying and granulation of the mixture. Fuel consumption is saved by utilization of the exothermic reaction of an alkaline earth metal oxide with water contained in the waste. The waste may be converted by the method to usable products such as fertilizers, cement materials or cement additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to agrochemical agents of products based on azulmic acids stabilized by reaction with aminoplast-forming agents and carbonyl compounds or condensation products thereof.

Abstract: An aqueous manganese micronutrient solution comprising between 0.1 and 2.0 wt. % of ferrous ion, about 5 wt. % manganous ion, between 1 and 1.5 moles of citric acid anion per mole of manganous ion and ammonia in an amount to maintain the pH of the solution between 7.5 and 12.

Abstract: A fertilizer product and method for providing controlled application of high analysis fertilizer. A controlled initial light release of a water soluble plant food consistent with growth requirements of the plant is provided. As the plant increases in size and requires an increase of plant food the subject fertilizer and method supplies increasing amounts of plant food without fertilizer burning. The subject product and method includes a water expandable reverse osmosis membrane barrier, preferably in the form of a collar providing a source of plant food released in controlled varying amounts as required by plant growth.

Abstract: Homogeneous solid fusions of particulate mineral nutrients in a continuous rhombic sulfur matrix containing at least about 50 weight percent sulfur are disclosed. These materials are obtained by dispersing throughout a sulfur melt at a temperature of 120.degree. to about 400.degree. C. a nutrient-hydrocarbon comixture containing sufficient hydrocarbon to thoroughly wet all surfaces of the mineral nutrient, preferably sufficient to form a suspension of the nutrient in the hydrocarbon, followed by cooling to form the solid fusion. These materials have particular utility in agronomic applications as soil supplements for supplying both sulfur (as sulfate) and mineral nutrients at a continuous, regulated rate from inexpensive raw materials.

Abstract: Disclosed are hydrolytically stable spray oil containing plant assimilating boron compounds for improving plant growth. Suitable boron compounds include the esters of boric, boronic and borinic acids including the cyclic esters, the alkanolamine esters, the non-alpha hydrogen and branched alkyl esters and amine-borate adducts. The spray oils are formulated to contain from 0.01 to 2.0 weight/volume percent of boron.

Abstract: Homogeneous solid fusions of particulate mineral nutrients in a continuous rhombic sulfur matrix containing at least about 50 weight percent sulfur are disclosed. These materials are obtained by dispersing throughout a sulfur melt at a temperature of 120.degree. to about 400.degree. C. a nutrient-hydrocarbon comixture containing sufficient hydrocarbon to thoroughly wet all surfaces of the mineral nutrient, preferably sufficient to form a suspension of the nutrient in the hydrocarbon, followed by cooling to form the solid fusion. These materials have particular utility in agronomic applications as soil supplements for supplying both sulfur (as sulfate) and mineral nutrients at a continuous, regulated rate from inexpensive raw materials.

Abstract: A stable, homogeneous, and flowable soil neutralizing slurry of particulate material such as calcium carbonate or dolomitic lime as provided using a suspending agent and a dispersant. A polyanionic dispersant is used in limited quantities to increase the concentration of particulate material and a gelling grade clay mineral is used as a suspending agent to prevent settling of the dispersed particulate material. A partial dispersion technique is used whereby the amount of dispersant used is limited so that the particulate material is dispersed but not the clay mineral.

Abstract: A resinous herbicidal composition is provided in the form of a roller. The herbicide may be applied in lawns and gardens without the danger of being spread by wind or washed away by rain or dew. The herbicidal composition comprises a selected chemical herbicide or a number of herbicides homogeneously dispersed in a synthetic wax carrier. The synthetic wax is hard to break down by natural process, thus enabling the herbicides to remain on the weeds to control their growth.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fertilizer rod composition comprising about 100 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol, about 0 to 20 parts of a plasticizer and about 10 to 350 parts of a fertilizer, a process for producing said rod and a product of said process.

Abstract: A substantially dry fertilizer tablet which is adapted to absorb water and disintegrate comprises particles of fertilizer source materials and particles of a water insoluble, water swellable, hydrophilic polymeric gel pressed together into a dense tablet bonded together by a cured water insoluble thermoset resinous binder such as urea formaldehyde.

Abstract: Solid plant food formulations are disclosed which can be embedded in the soil adjacent but spaced from the plant roots for the release of primary plant nutrients and fertilizing components each time the plant is watered. The solid compositions contain fertilizer constituents, gel-forming materials and reactants therefore which, in the presence of water, combine to form a semi-permeable surface membrane or layer through which the plant nutrients migrate. Beneficial trace elements are also included. Sequestering agents are incorporated to enhance and insure the migration of the nutrients, particularly the trace elements, into the soil and preventing the formation of water-soluble products through metathetic reactions or reactions with the ingredients in the soil. The amount of nutrients released is proportionate to the volume of water applied.

Abstract: Plants suffering from micro-nutrient deficiences are treated with prussiates of the formulaM.sub.a [Fe(CN).sub.5 X].sub.bIn whichM is an alkali metal ion, alkaline earth metal ion, heavy metal ion, ammonium ion or hydrogen,X is a group which can occupy the sixth coordination position on the iron, or a suitable organic radical,A is 2, 3, 4 or 5, andB is 1, 2 or 3.The prussiate may be present as a hydrate and/or may be in admixture with a carrier.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition manufactured by mixing a fertilizer or a fertilizing substance with pullulan or a derivative thereof, used as binder, and solidifying the mixture. The composition is easily shapable. Another advantage of pullulan over conventional binders is that the pullulan or its derivative which remains in the soil after application of the composition and dissolution of the fertilizer component is degraded by the action of water and soil microorganisms in the soil and, hence, will not hinder the growth of plants.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are self-emulsifiable compositions containing water soluble micronutrients such as inorganic salts of zinc or manganese in a finely divided form. The concentrates are prepared from inexpensive water soluble compounds by an emulsion dehydration process. The compositions containing horticultural mineral spray oils are capable of forming a stable emulsion with water by gentle shaking. Alternatively, the compositions may be diluted further with additional spray oils and remain as a suspension.

Abstract: A method of producing fertilizer by taking manure which comprises numerous species of beetles, mixing other organic waste with said manure and allowing the stockpile to stand for a predetermined time, feeding said stockpile through a crusher into a drier, subjecting the organic matter to a secondary crusher, conveying the finely crushed material to a second stockpile, allowing said second stockpile to stand for a predetermined time then re-passing the organic matter through the drier and the secondary crusher.

Abstract: Granular products for the treatment of soil are described which comprises a central solid nucleus containing fertilizer, herbicide, or a mixture of fertilizer and herbicide, all soluble in water without decomposition, as well as, about each product a coating consisting of solid materials at least 40% of which are soluble in water without decomposition, and at least 15% of which consist of active material different from that of the nucleus, and a polymeric resin the amount of which does not exceed 10% of the total weight of the coating. Comparative tests are described which show that these novel granular products can be as readily dissolved in the soil as uncoated fertilizer granules.

Abstract: An aqueous micronutrient fertilizer foliage spray solution for plants cultivated on peat soils which comprises 0.1 to 5% Mn.sup.2.sup.+ 0.03 to 1.2% Cu.sup.2.sup.+ and 0 to 1.6% Fe.sup.2.sup.+ ions with reference the total weight of the solution and having a weight ratio of Cu.sup.2.sup.+ to Mn.sup.2.sup.+ between 1:3 to 1:6, said solution being aqueous and containing tartaric acid in an amount of 0.05 to 2% by weight and 0.02 to 0.8% by weight of a chelating agent. The solution having a pH of 4 to 6.

Abstract: A liquid fertilizer composition comprising anhydrous ammonia and at least one trace element selected from the group consisting of B, Cu, Mg, Mn and Mo, plus a method for making such a composition and a method for increasing the trace element content of soils.

Abstract: Phosphate enriched, potassium supplemented peat moss fertilizer produce and method of production including reaction of peat moss with a solution of alkali metal acid phosphate salt in orthophosphoric acid, in some cases with prolonged hydrolysis reaction at elevated temperatures to hydrolyze peat moss protein to free amino acids.

Abstract: Phosphate enriched, potassium supplemental manure product and method of production including reaction of manure with a solution of alkali metal acid phosphate salt in orthophosphoric acid, in some cases with prolonged reaction at elevated temperatures to hydrolyze manure protein to free amino acids.

Abstract: Water containing nutrients is added to powdered activated carbon or passed through a layer of granular activated carbon for clarification, and water cultivation is effected in facilities by supplying the nourishing water in a water cultivation vessel, inserting seedlings of vegetables to a water cultivation panel installed above the vessel, and, if necessary, providing atmospheric conditions, water temperature and water quality suitable for the growth of the seedlings.

Abstract: Pathogens and weed seeds contained in raw cotton gin waste are destroyed during cubing, which also imparts high water absorptivity to the resulting product. By incorporating fertilizer and/or soil activants with the raw cotton gin waste prior to cubing, a particularly advantageous fertilizer is obtained.

Abstract: Molten materials, notably molten fertilizers, are prilled into a tower up which flows a gas stream carrying or suspending dust particles some or all of which have been treated with a silicone. The silicone treatment reduces the amount of dust which is picked up by the molten material.

Abstract: Compositions of matter suitable for use as a fertilizer and comprising a mixture of water; one or more materials capable of acting as a fertilizer; and at least one agent comprising at least one organic water soluble or water hydratable material capable of thickening said mixture and present in an amount sufficient to convert said mixture to a water resistant gel form.

Abstract: This invention presents a method of making a rigid unitary fertilizer composite for fertilizing plants and trees and articles produced by the method. In the form of a spike, the composite has sufficient strength and toughness so as to enable it to be pushed or pounded into the ground near the roots of plants and trees. The method involves making an aqueous paste containing plant nutrients, acrylamide, and a catalyst for the polymerization of the acrylamide. The paste is then molded to the desired shape. The acrylamide is allowed to polymerize, after which time the excess water is removed by drying. The final product, which should contain at least 5 weight percent polyacrylamide, is a rigid mass.

Abstract: A method for converting organic waste materials into inert humus-like materials by charring the organic waste materials by heating and drying same in the presence of certain water-soluble inorganic acids, removing residual acid and other water-soluble contaminants by washing the crude char product with water, and utilizing the resulting inert material as a landfill. If desired, the humus-like char products can be reacted with an alkali at elevated temperatures, and the resulting alkali salts of humic-acid-like materials can be mixed with the soil to provide an improved and/or fertilized topsoil.