Abstract: A non-standard and standard clause detection system imports raw input data or contractual documents, and extracts non-standard and standard clauses that are semantically linked. One embodiment of a disclosed configuration is a system and a method for identifying non-standard and standard clauses in contractual documents. The system and the method comprise of generating a primary policy and a secondary policy, obtaining a first feature data set by applying the primary policy to a semantic language evaluator, and obtaining a second feature data set by applying the secondary policy to the semantic language evaluator. The first feature data set obtained is the aggregation of the standard clauses used in the document. Furthermore, the second feature data set encompasses the first feature data set, thus the difference between the first feature data set and the second feature data set is the aggregation of the non-standard clauses.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for data entry into the content of cells belonging to an output field, said data being expressed as a mathematical expression of the cell contents of at least one input field in a data multidimensional table used by a data management application.

Abstract: Differential dynamic content delivery including providing a session document for a presentation, wherein the session document includes a session grammar and a session structured document; selecting from the session structured document a classified structural element in dependence upon user classifications of a user participant in the presentation; presenting the selected structural element to the user; streaming presentation speech to the user including individual speech from at least one user participating in the presentation; converting the presentation speech to text; detecting whether the presentation speech contains simultaneous individual speech from two or more users; and displaying the text if the presentation speech contains simultaneous individual speech from two or more users.

Abstract: An electronic device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface stores a document having primary content, supplementary content, and user-generated content. The device displays a representation of the document in a segmented user interface on the display. Primary content of the document is displayed in a first segment of the segmented user interface and supplementary content of the document is concurrently displayed in a second segment of the segmented user interface distinct from the first segment. The device receives a request to view user-generated content of the document. In response to the request, the device maintains display of the previously displayed primary content, ceases to display at least a portion of the previously displayed supplementary content, and displays user-generated content of the document in a third segment of the segmented user interface distinct from the first segment and the second segment.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of setting a background screen of a mobile terminal are provided. The method includes receiving a selection of background screen set menu, generating a tag information list by using at least one tag information which classifies a plurality of images stored in the mobile terminal by related image, displaying the generated tag information list, receiving a selection of at least one tag information from among the displayed tag information list, and configuring a background screen with at least one image classified as the at least one selected tag information.

Abstract: A method for displaying categories of content is provided. A request is received from a client to display labels that categorize content for a data source. The request includes a set of parameters. In response to receiving the request a plurality of labels are identified based on the relevance of the plurality of labels to the set of parameters. A display of the plurality of labels is generated. The display is sent to the client, wherein the display depicts the plurality of labels at the client such that each label in the plurality of labels has a selected distance from a central point in the display to indicate relevance of the labels to the set of parameters.

Abstract: A guided natural language interface, a method for guiding a user in specifying a color problem with a document image, and a set of templates for use in the interface and method are provided. The interface includes computer readable memory which stores a set of issue description templates, each template being configured for guiding a user in formulating a problem statement characterizing, in natural language, a problem related to color identified in an input document. A natural rendering engine receives information input by a user and/or information input from an associated problem detector, and instantiates one of the templates in response thereto. The natural language rendering engine is configured for presenting the problem statement to the user as it is refined and communicating information based on the refined problem statement to an associated problem corrector.

Abstract: A system and method for transferring annotations associated with a media file. An annotation associated with a media file is indexed to a first instance of that media file. By comparing features of the two instances, a mapping is created between the first instance of the media file and a second instance of the media file. The annotation can be indexed to the second instance using the mapping between the first and second instances. The annotation can be processed (displayed, stored, or modified) based on the index to the second instance.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program for identifying claims associated with electronic text are provided. In an approach, electronic text is accessed. Linguistic content associated with the electronic text is identified. A linguistic structure is generated based on the linguistic content identified. The linguistic structure is compared to a claim template. A claim is identified based on the comparison.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, computer program product, and computing system is provided for automatically creating screen captures of a user interface. In an implementation, a method may include identifying a portion of a user interface display associated with a page object. The method may also include creating a screen capture image including the portion of the user interface display associated with the page object. The method may further include associating the screen capture image with a documentation record for the page object.

Abstract: A method of authenticating a copy of a multi-page document, which includes digitizing a said multi-page document to generate one or more digitized files that together comprise a digitized transcript. A mark that is unique to the preparer of the document, such as a signature, is prepared and digitized. The preparer of the document is allowed to deposit the digitized transcript on an online repository. The operator of the online repository immediately establishes a verification process for the deposited digitized transcript. This verification process includes associating the digitized preparer mark with the deposited digitized transcript, and freezing the transcript, by encrypting it and deriving a checksum. The verification process also include associating a repository mark with the transcript. The operator of the online repository defines, under the direction of at least the preparer of the document, security rights to limit or otherwise control access to the deposited digitized transcript.

Abstract: Techniques for creating documentation. A writing pattern is provided. The writing pattern may be implemented in a schema, such as an XML schema or DTD. The writing pattern includes a plurality of components and defines structure and style for the documentation. Each component corresponds to a portion of the documentation. A selection of one of the components is received. Content for the selected component is received. The documentation is formed based on the content and structure and style the style.

Abstract: To facilitate the use of audio files for annotation purposes, an audio file format, which includes audio data for playback purposes, is augmented with a parallel data channel of line identifiers, or with a map associating time codes for the audio data with line numbers on the original document. The line number-time code information in the audio file is used to navigate within the audio file, and also to associate bookmark links and captured audio annotation files with line numbers of the original text document. An annotation device may provide an output document wherein links to audio and/or text annotation files are embedded at corresponding line numbers. Also, a navigation index may be generated, having links to annotation files and associated document line numbers, as well as bookmark links to selected document line numbers.

Abstract: On a content display screen corresponding to a searched item of an arbitrary dictionary, for example, an important item, an important year, and an important event are marked with a magenta highlighter, a blue highlighter, and a yellow highlighter, respectively. Then, position information of a highlighter range in the searched item of the dictionary is registered for each color in a highlighter information database, and the item name of the dictionary is associated with highlighter existence data for each color and registered in a wordbook database of Wordbook n selected by the user. When an arbitrary Wordbook n registered in the wordbook database is selected and called up, each item name registered in the selected wordbook is associated with a color mark according to the highlighter existence data for each color and displayed in a registered wordlist screen. Accordingly, a desired registered word can be quickly selected.

Abstract: An e-reader application appends content with an annotation. A user action initiates a process to append the content with the annotation. A selection action of a portion of the content prompts an annotation menu. An annotation pane used to record the annotation is displayed in response to an activation of one of the menu commands. The annotation pane is configured based on an input type selectable by a user. The annotation is recorded after entry by the user based on the input type including text, ink, audio, and image. The annotation is displayed in an annotation view including the location of the annotation and the type of the annotation. The displayed annotation is selectable to navigate to the associated location in the content.

Abstract: Classification, text analytics, and natural language processing are used to evaluate passages, extract text, identify concepts, and provide visual cues and notations to assist readers in scanning and evaluating large amounts of information in a document.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a display, an acceleration sensor, and a processing unit. The acceleration sensor detects displacement information of the electronic device. The processing unit compares the displacement information with an initial orientation information of the electronic device to determine directional movement of the electronic device. The processing unit shifts content of a display of the electronic device according to the directional movement.

Abstract: Ambient displays and electronic whiteboards are commonly used to present information during meeting or other appropriate settings. Many times graphical objects are displayed on ambient displays where users of the ambient display will create annotations to the graphical object to provide further comments, meaning, and/or context. Annotations on the ambient display may be recorded for later review. An effective way to present recorded annotations is through a hierarchical system that provides context to the annotations. Annotations may be defined as sets of annotations based upon a logical grouping (e.g. spatial density, temporal density, etc.). These sets can be displayed to users as annotation branches. One method for displaying annotations branches is with a timeline. Depending on where along the timeline a user is, different annotations and/or annotation branches are displayed in relation to one another (e.g.

Abstract: A method of adding information to a displayed electronic image includes receiving a search request based on information from the displayed electronic image, locating at least one information responsive to the search request, and receiving identification of a selected information of the at least one information. The method also includes receiving selection of a position on the displayed electronic image at which the selected information is to be added and adding the selected information at the position on the displayed electronic image.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and articles of manufacture for managing global annotations made for data elements that may be instantiated (e.g., displayed) by a variety of different type applications are provided. By anchoring the global annotations to the data element, rather than the particular data source containing the data element at the time the data element was annotated, the annotation may be retrieved from any application that instantiates or displays it.

Abstract: A software interface to increase the efficiency of reading, learning, and accessing information about passages in a selected electronic text document is provided. Passages are “marked” by a selected expert. Marked passages may be used as part of a touch screen menu to access specific and edited resources. The menu may present options related to the marked passages including comments, web video (edited), website (edited) or other resources for study and research purposes. Text Reduction (with) Annotation & Commentary (TRAC) provides a study/research tool that does not alter the text, allowing an e-book user to stay on one screen of an electronic reading device, and examine targeted and edited internet resources. Information generated in a structured way is saved in a database, which in turn will be capable of word and subject searches across e-book documents, or expanded searches related to critical and important materials in the TRAC document.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and software for facilitating enhanced collection environments are disclosed. In at least one implementation, a collection environment is presented that includes a presentation recording and a written paragraph. The presentation recording includes presentation sections while the paragraph includes written sections. A user input may be directed to the written paragraph. One of the written paragraphs is identified as corresponding to the user input. In addition, one the presentation sections is identified as corresponding to the written section. A media function can then be applied to the presentation section in the presentation recording.

Abstract: An e-reader application preserves formatting of a selection through a snippet. The application determines a format of a portion of content in response to a user action selecting the portion. The formatted portion is stored in the snippet. The source code of the portion is extracted from the content and stored in the snippet to preserve its format. The snippet is displayed in a navigation pane using the format. The snippet is resized according to the defined format to fit available space in the navigation pane. The application is enabled to navigate to a location of the portion within the content in response to detecting another selection activating the snippet.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses/systems, and software for identifying and resolving conflicts within a drawing by highlighting each conflict in a unique way and generating various reflections of conflicted graphic objects to test different conflict resolution proposals.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and computer system for performing, at a computing device, an analysis of a web application. A response is annotated by the web application with coverage data based upon, at least in part, the analysis, wherein the coverage data indicates which actions have been performed on the web application and which actions have not been performed on the web application according to results of the analysis. The response that includes the coverage data is shared with one or more users.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to improved techniques to allow users with simple actions to perform a set of interactions at once in order to express a quantitative rating (positive or negative), tag an expression from a pre-defined set of expressions and at same time capture a selected range of text or image portion to be possibly quoted or highlighted in a comment. This information is then employed to generate a graphical user interface including a multi-dimensional map to represent the attribute information, and the electronic content, where the multi-dimensional map comprises at least color, size and direction characteristics.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for annotating an electronic document independently of its content is provided. According to one variation, a tablet and stylus-based computer is programmed with a document browser that permits a user to annotate documents viewed through the browser. The annotations are stored separately from the viewed document pages but are correlated with the pages such that when a previously annotated page is revisited, annotations relating to that page are retrieved and displayed on top of the page as an “ink” layer. Three different annotation modes are possible: ink, highlight, and erase. Each mode can be selected through a user interface supplied through the browser or through controls embedded in a document.

Abstract: A method for facilitating assessment of an answer to a coursework question and moderating the assessment, the method comprising the steps of displaying at least part of a representation of a coursework answer on a display of a computer, displaying a list of learning outcome statements, selecting a learning outcome statement from the list of learning outcome statements and placing the learning outcome statement on the representation of the coursework answer at a location evidencing fulfillment of the learning outcome statement.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes, among other things, systems, methods and program products for identifying a drawing scale for a graphical view of a drawing, the drawing scale specifying a ratio of two units; selecting one or more annotations associated with the view that support the drawing scale, each of the selected annotations associated with context for the drawing scale, the context specifying one or more of: the annotation's position in the view, the annotation's style in the view, or the annotation's rotation in the view; adding a graphical representation of each of the selected annotations to the view according to the drawing scale and each annotation's respective context; and removing any one or more of the annotations from the view that does not support the drawing scale.

Abstract: A computer identifies a sample document and annotates the sample document using a plurality of annotators to produce annotations associated with the sample document. The computer determines a plurality of patterns in the sample document based on the annotations. The computer populates a template using the patterns, and varies parts of the patterns in the template to generate test data. The computer identifies a knowledge domain of the sample document and identifies at least one of the annotators based on the knowledge domain of the sample document. The computer determines the observed occurrence count of at least one of the patterns in the sample document, and the likelihood of populating the template using the at least one of the patterns can be proportional to the observed occurrence count.

Abstract: A computer identifies a sample document and annotates the sample document using a plurality of annotators to produce annotations associated with the sample document. The computer determines a plurality of patterns in the sample document based on the annotations. The computer populates a template using the patterns, and varies parts of the patterns in the template to generate test data. The computer identifies a knowledge domain of the sample document and identifies at least one of the annotators based on the knowledge domain of the sample document. The computer determines the observed occurrence count of at least one of the patterns in the sample document, and the likelihood of populating the template using the at least one of the patterns can be proportional to the observed occurrence count.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for annotating content and managing annotated content, one or more annotations, and one or more web pages with the one or more annotations. The present invention provides a method that may include embedding a user interface in a web site. The user interface may include at least one annotation tool. Further, the method may include presenting the user interface with one or more web pages provided by the web site. The method may include allowing annotating content of the one or more web pages with one or more annotations. Further, the annotating may be allowed using the at least one annotation tool through the user interface. The method may also include managing at least one of the annotated content, the one or more annotations, and the one or more web pages with the one or more annotations.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for managing and displaying annotations in online hosted videos. To determine related annotations associated with a video, a plurality of annotations for one or more intervals of the video are collected and organized into a plurality of groups. Each group includes annotations for intervals of the video that are similar to each other. A group having related annotations is identified, and an annotated clip of the video is formed based upon the intervals in the group. This process can be used to determine any number of groups in a given video having related annotations, forming the respective annotated intervals within a single video, and can also identify and organize annotated intervals within a large number of different videos.

Abstract: A system and method for transferring annotations associated with a media file. An annotation associated with a media file is indexed to a first instance of that media file. By comparing features of the two instances, a mapping is created between the first instance of the media file and a second instance of the media file. The annotation can be indexed to the second instance using the mapping between the first and second instances. The annotation can be processed (displayed, stored, or modified) based on the index to the second instance.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer readable medium are presented for concurrent markup of a document by a plurality of reviewers. A method includes combining a document and markups associated with a plurality of reviewers into a reviewing file for use by a user. Markups associated with the user are locked and a markup associated with the reviewer is updated. Then the markups associated with the user are unlocked. Updating the markup includes receiving a revised reviewing file that includes a change to the markup, extracting the change to the markup from the revised reviewing file, and saving the changed markup separate from the document.

Abstract: A network-accessible toolbox permits collaborative annotation, facilitating interaction and communication among users. In an implementation, content on a Web page, or other page or document accessible through a network or the Internet, can be annotated. A user can view the page and with the toolbox, select content on the page and make an annotation or suggestion. Multiple users can view and make annotations to the same page at the same time. After annotations are made, users can view the page with annotations made by other users. The author or owner of the page can accept or reject the annotations or suggestions made to the page. If the owner accepts a particular suggestion, the selected content is replaced with the suggestion.

Abstract: A device receives and displays an electronic book or electronic magazine, and receives user selection of a portion of content of the electronic book or electronic magazine. The device executes an application that obtains items of data related to the selected portion of content, receives selection of one or more items of the data, and attaches the one or more items of data to the selected portion of the content in a bookmark fashion to annotate the e-book or e-magazine.

Abstract: The present invention provides a computerized method and computer program product for automating the traditional markup process such that changes to an original digitized document are displayed on the face of the original digitized document and may be printed as displayed. This invention automates the markup process by adding markup clusters to the original digitized document. A markup cluster comprises three elements: a reference graphic, a white space graphic, and a connector. The reference graphic indicates the location and type of change to existing text. The white space graphic indicates the change in text and is displayed in the margin or white space. The connector is a graphic that does not cross over text and indicates a relationship or “connection” between the reference graphic and the white space graphic. The resulting markup cluster is displayed on the original digitized document and optionally may be printed as displayed.

Abstract: A user may desire to provide feedback on a web page displayed at a client. To collect feedback, a feedback module is provided to and executed at the client to provide feedback functionality. The feedback module creates a mask to prevent interaction with the original web page, clones the original web page, and displays a clone version in place of the masked original page. In addition, the feedback module creates an annotation frame to receive annotations of the clone version of the web page. A feedback report including a feedback image showing the clone version of the web page and the received annotations is generated by the module for submission to a server.

Abstract: A plurality of objects associated with respective footnote reference information within a document are generated. An overflow object associated with overflow footnote reference information corresponding to a previous footnote marker appearing on a previous page is invoked to lay out the overflow footnote reference information, generating overflow layout data. A current page object associated with current page footnote reference information that corresponds to a current page footnote marker appearing on the page is invoked to lay out the current page footnote reference information, generating current page footnote reference information layout data, if an available footnote height is sufficient to lay out the current page footnote reference information. The page is displayed based on the overflow layout data and the current page footnote reference information layout data.

Abstract: A method and system of generating personalized annotated text of a core-text, the method and system directed for acquiring a personal data comprising data indicative of the reader's proficiency level for understanding text; and providing at least a gloss to accompany the requested text based on core-text and the reader's proficiency level.

Abstract: Techniques for enabling video conferencing with interactive sharing of drawings and/or other information. In one set of embodiments, a system is provided that includes a drawing surface, a video camera embedded or integrated into the drawing surface, and a front projector. The drawing surface can capture drawings made on the surface by a user, and the video camera can capture a video stream of the user. The system can send digital information representing the captured drawings and the video stream to a remote system. The system can also receive digital information representing drawings made by a remote user and a video stream of the remote user from the remote system. The front projector can project a video signal onto the drawing surface that incorporates the captured drawings, the drawings made by the remote user, and the video stream of the remote user.

Abstract: By combining a media reader application with a tagging system, one creates an information tagging system that focuses the human reader on the task of assimilating knowledge into a conceptual model, thus enhancing the learning process. This disclosure combines the process of reading and consuming media with a process of associating concepts with a set of tags. These tags could represent questions or abstract concepts. When these tags are organized into conceptual model, they provide context for the learning process. This disclosure thereby makes reading and understanding a more simple and intuitive process, allowing much better data retrieval and recall, allowing far better understanding and contextualization of knowledge.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for enriching audio/video recordings using annotation data provided by attendees of a presentation, in which annotations from attendees are received by a server which merges and synchronizes the annotation data, performs text data mining to identify key messages and temporal segments of the audio/video data, and constructs an enriched audio/video recording including audio and/or video data as well as segment data and key message data for ease of user navigation.

Abstract: Subject matter disclosed herein may relate to dynamically selecting and/or determining terms for use with contextual shortcuts in electronic documents such as, for example, web pages.

Abstract: A model-driven display for displaying metric annotations on a resource/relationship graph. Upon detecting selection of a set of computer resources in a system management graph, annotation options available to the selected set of computer resources are retrieved from an object model, wherein the object model defines computer resources in a data processing system and relationships among the computer resources, and wherein the annotation options represent resource metrics collected for the computer resources, A menu is created using the annotation options for the selected set of computer resources and displayed to a user in the graphical user interface. When selection of a set of annotation options in the menu is detected, the system management graph is updated to display annotations, corresponding to the selected set of annotation options, for the selected set or computer resources. The updated system management graph is then displayed to the user in the graphical user interface.

Abstract: A security system includes an interface, a main computer, and an application server. The interface enables a user to access a remote document related to a product. The main computer stores documents related to the product and generates a pair of localized encryption keys. The encryption keys include a first key that encrypts data and second key that decrypts the data. An application server that is remote from the interface transmits and receives the document from the interface. The main computer authenticates the integrity of the document in a local operation by signing the document with the first key before it is transmitted to the interface and by signing the document with the second key after it is received from the interface.

Abstract: In enterprises, presentations are designed and made to visiting clients on a routine basis and it is expected that such presentations be effective as much of business depends on right kind of information in right depth and volume made to right audience. The typically followed manual process depends on the capabilities of a person to create such presentations. It is required to obtain as little information as possible to generate presentations as much automatically as possible. The automatic generation of presentations is based on (a) agenda; (b) audience profile; and (c) templates. The system analyzes an agenda and audience profile to obtain adequate information to identify the most appropriate templates and uses the same to generate one or more draft presentation versions that best match the requirements of the agenda. Further, the invention also provides for an automatic generation of (a) slide annotations; (b) presentation theme; and (c) templates.

Abstract: Annotated electronic book (ebook) content is provided at a client device. A request for an annotation is received from the client device. The request identifies an ebook and a portion of the ebook for which the annotation is requested. A corresponding post on a social network that contains content for the annotation that also corresponds to the identified portion of the ebook is identified. The content contained by the identified post is transmitted to the client device, with the client device being adapted to display the content contained by the identified post in association with the portion of the ebook for which the annotation was requested.

Abstract: A strategy is described for annotating a digital map. According to one exemplary aspect, the user can instruct map processing functionality (MPF) to automatically extract objects from a data source (such as an RSS data source) and annotate the map with the objects based on relative locations associated with the objects. Further aspects are also described.