Abstract: A method of thickening a peripheral portion of a circular plate blank, wherein the blank is held on a jig with its peripheral portion extending radially outwardly from the outer circumferential surface of the jig, and rotated such that the outer circumferential surface of the blank is held in pressing contact with the bottom surface of an annular forming groove formed in a rotatably supported roller die which has first and second spaced-apart side surfaces connected to each other by the bottom surface, the first side surface being inclined with respect to the radial direction of the blank holder jig such that the axial distance between the two side surfaces increases in the radially outward direction, and wherein the force between the blank and the bottom surface of the groove is controlled so that the peripheral portion is held flexed in a convex shape following the first side surface and so that the end part of the peripheral portion is thickened in opposite directions toward the two side surfaces while the

Abstract: A wrought or powder metal gear preform is mounted for rotation about a first axis and then driven in meshing engagement with a roll forming die supported for rotation about a second axis transverse to the first axis. The roll forming die includes a helical worm thread that moves radially as well as axially across the face of the preform teeth to displace the material of the preform. In the case of a powder metal preform, displacement of the material acts to densify the teeth, whereas in the case of a wrought preform the gear teeth are burnished. The preform and roll forming die are separately driven to control densification.

Abstract: In forming a multi-grooved V pulley by roll forming, a preliminary forming method is disclosed for preventing the occurrence of a top roll accompanied by a crack along each annular ridge of the pulley. A preliminary form roller is pressed against an annular material to fabricate a preliminary form having, in a sectional view, a corrugation including linear flat root portions and ridges alternating with them on the bottom surface of a wide annular groove. Next, a finish form roller having a plurality of annular V-shaped protrusions is pressed against the linear flat root portions of the preliminary form to thereby finish roll the preliminary form. The forward end of each V-shaped protrusion is kept off from the slopes of the corrugation ridges, and therefore is not broken under a bending moment.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for influencing the frictional conditions between an upper roll and a lower roll of a roll stand of a hot-rolling train for wide strip or a cold-rolling train for strip. The apparatus includes a spraying device arranged at the entry side of the roll stand for spraying a defined quantity of liquid in the direction of the roll gap and a control device for determining the quantity and discharge of this liquid, wherein used as a control variable is a predetermined or also computed variable in connection with the actual roll torque of the lower roll or/and the upper roll.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a machine part with external teeth, particularly a starter ring or gear part, by spin forming of a circular blank and inductive heating which makes it possible to form high-quality tooth systems on an outer area of a cylindrical part. A circuit metal blank is fixed between chuck jaws in a spinning device and an end region is heated by at least one induction device and passes into a plastic state. Tools are then infed on either side of the chuck jaws and a forming operation, which includes material upsetting, is performed with a gear-cutting roll to form the external teeth. This is followed by induction heating of the teeth.

Abstract: A method and a device are provided for rolling a slab, in particular a slab whose thickness varies over its length, using at least two roll stands with a substantially constant and preferably low tension being maintained in the slab between the first and the second roll stand and with substantially constant exit thickness. Until the desired tension is reached in the slab, the rotational speed in the second roll stand is kept constant and the torque in the first roll stand is controlled so as to build up the desired tension in the slab between the first and the second roll stand. After the desired tension is reached, the rotational speed of the first roll stand and the torque of the second roll stand are kept constant.

Abstract: In a method for increasing the thickness of an outer peripheral portion of a metallic disc material, a first forming die is prepared so as to have a first groove portion on an outer periphery thereof for receiving the metallic disc material. The first groove portion has a pair of side walls and a bottom wall therebetween. The side walls has inclined surfaces facing each other so as to increase the width of the first groove portion toward the outer peripheral portion of the metallic disc material. One of the side walls has a greater length from the bottom wall of the first groove portion than that of the other side wall. The first cylindrical forming die is pressed against the outer peripheral portion of the metallic disc material in a radial direction to form a thickened outer peripheral portion of the metallic disc material.

Abstract: A disc-shaped material is prepared by punching a high carbon steel plate or soft steel plate, and the disc-shaped material is fixed in position. An outer peripheral portion of the disc-shaped material is heated to a temperature of 400.degree.-500.degree. C. by means of a high frequency heater. The outer peripheral portion of the disc-shaped material is swaged to form a thickened portion by a swaging die and the thickened portion is then spun to plastically form a toothed gear to the outer peripheral portion of the disc-shaped material in two steps of coarse working and finish working by spinning dies. The thus formed toothed gear is further heated as occasion demands to a temperature of about 900.degree. C. for quenching.

Abstract: A gear finishing apparatus having a construction in which a support gear supported by a finishing wheel holding section can support and fix a plurality of finishing wheels in parallel, wherein a finishing wheel holding section makes it possible to move an operating portion for holding and rotating the finishing wheel in a direction parallel to the axis of the finishing wheel and to fix it at predetermined positions within the extent of the movement. If the plurality of finishing wheels are attached to the support gear and the positions thereof are adjusted in advance, a new finishing wheel in an adjusted position can be brought into a processing position by moving and fixing the operating portion of the finishing wheel holding section when one of the attached finishing wheels is worn out, thereby obtaining a rapid and continuous finish processing. Further, if different kinds of finishing wheels are attached in advance, the time required for finishing different kinds of gears to be processed can be reduced.

Abstract: Four different designs for the teeth of a rolling die are disclosed. A pair of the disclosed dies is used to form helical teeth in a cylindrical rod workpiece. All four of the disclosed die tooth embodiments are variations of a common design feature: Namely, at least one segment of the tooth profile for the first tooth of the start portion of the die is formed with a pressure angle substantially larger than the pressure angle of the final basic profile geometry desired for the teeth, and then the profiles of the successive die teeth for the start portion are formed so that the pressure angle of each successive die tooth progressively and gradually decreases in magnitude from the pressure angle of the first tooth until the pressure angle of the final die tooth of the start section is substantially the same as the pressure angle of the desired workpiece teeth.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for forming precision surface shapes on shaft-like parts comprises a pair of substantially cylindrical and rotatable dies having forming surfaces located adjacent a shaft-like part therebetween. The shaft-like part is located in a size control ring according to this invention and is concentric with an axis of rotation of the size control ring. Each of the dies includes a size control surface that pressurably engages the size control ring. The size control ring is sized so that the forming surfaces are located at a predetermined forming depth in the shaft-like part when a predetermined level of preload force is applied between the size control surfaces and the size control ring. It is contemplated that the size control ring experiences elastic deflection upon application of the predetermined preload. A size adjustment mechanism is provided to vary the preload applied by the dies on the size control ring and the part.

Abstract: A process and machine for automatically matching at least two substantially cylindrical surfaces for engaging each other, particularly for the purpose of mechanical embossment engraving. The ranges of freedom of a conventional machine are mechanized and subjected to an electronic control, providing a hardware structure driven by software. The software controls the starting, repetitive and final steps, automatically complying with spacing and timing. The operator's action is needed only for loading of the roll to be worked, setting the inherent knurling tool, setting the starting positioning, and starting the cycle, as well as, for removing the unfinished roll for the corrosion steps and of course for final unloading.

Abstract: An apparatus, based on a conventional lathe, for the screening of ink transfer rollers including a rotatable screen forming tool rotably held above the ink transfer roller by a pivoted arm, is disclosed. The arm pivots about an axis parallel with the axis of rotation of the roller and to one side thereof with a damping device extending from the arm on a side opposite the pivot to a base. The base transverses along the lathe bed and rigidly supports a post to which the arm pivot is attached for adjustable height. The arm also includes a variable weight for adjusting the force of the tool upon the roller.

Abstract: An upstanding collar is formed around a hole in a sheet metal blank by means of a converter tool which converts an edge region bordering the hole into the collar, while the blank is rotated relative to the converter tool. This method comprises (i) in a first stage, converting a portion of the blank into a first turned-up rim, (ii) after the first stage, converting a further portion of the blank into a second turned-up rim, (iii) in at least one further stage repeating step (ii) successively converting each time a further portion of the blank into another turned-up rim, until the whole of the edge region has been converted, wherein (a) in at least one of the stages the conversion takes place on free air, and (b) in all these stages the conversion takes place in the same direction relative to the blank. A converter tool increasing stepwise in diameter may be used.

Abstract: An annular threading roll is releasably secured to one end of a support shaft by a ball detent which in its locking position seats at one side in a semi-spherically shaped recess that is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the roll, and which is engaged at its opposite side by an enlarged-diameter head formed on one end of an operating member that is mounted for limited axial movement in an axial bore in the shaft. The operating member is spring-loaded into a position in which its head engages the detent to keep the latter in its roll locking position, but the member can be pushed axially to a second position to remove its head from behind the detent which can then shift radially inwardly of the shaft to release the roll for axial movement off of the shaft.

Abstract: A heating container manufacturing apparatus includes a pair of horizontal guide beds disposed on the top of a body and supporting an air cylinder and piston, a movable member connected to the air cylinder and the air piston, a movable plate fabricated and positioned at the bottom of the air piston, guide rods mounted on a moving plate and inserted into guide holes, and a roller connected to the movable plate and having a plurality of teeth for manufacturing a plurality of helical concave members on the outside of the bottom plate of the heating container.

Abstract: In a method of reshaping a container (1) having side wall (2) and a bottom wall (3), the container is rotated by support means (11, 12) while a roll (13) is applied thereto and moved towards the container axis. The bottom wall (3) comprises a central panel (4), an annular wall (5) depending from the periphery of the central panel, an outwardly convex bead (6) of arcuate cross-section on which the container stands and a transition wall (7) extending radially and axially from the convex bead to the side wall (2), and the roll is applied to the transition wall (7) to reshape it and to tighten the curvature of the convex bead. The method permits the formation of bottom wall profiles which resist eversion under the influence of pressure within the container so that thinner metals, such as tinplate or aluminum alloys, may be used.

Abstract: This invention relates to a ring shaping apparatus for cold rolling workpieces in ring form into a desired shape. The workpieces include a bearing in which an inner race, an outer race or a pillow is to be formed, a cage and a sleeve. The apparatus comprises a shaping roller, a mandrel and a support roller. Rotational rate of the support roller is controlled in response to variations in the diameter of a workpiece and in accordance with a rotational rate of the shaping roller. A pair of backup rollers in rotatable contact with peripheral surfaces of the workpiece under a constant pressure are interlocked to synchronously follow the variations in the diameter of the workpiece. Consequently, this apparatus is capable of shaping the workpiece with high precision with respect to roundness.

Abstract: A process for forming a helical screw thread comprising a flank with negative inclination on the wall of a rotationally symmetrical body (19) such as a metal pipe or tube. A first phase involves producing a screw thread having flanks with a positive inclination and then a second phase involves modifying the inclination of one of the flanks (24) by plastic deformation to make it negative (32). For that purpose, use is made of a roller (26) mounted on an inclined axis (X2--X2), which rolls against the flank of the thread.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a wheel (16) is used as the burnishing wheel for a helical thread, the periphery of which wheel has a profile whose shape matches that of the thread to be surfaced. The wheel (16) is mounted such that it rotates freely about an axis which is inclined with respect to the axis of the screw (10) which is caused to rotate about its own axis. The wheel (16) is applied in a resilient manner to the screw (10) by means of a compression spring (56) which pushes the pivoting support (18) of the wheel (16) in the direction of the screw (10). The carriage (20) on which the support (18) is pivotably mounted is freely displaceable in translation parallel to the axis of the screw (10) on a rail (22). The invention may be used for finishing by means of burnishing of a helical thread using an automatic repetitive cycle comprising a predetermined number of passes of a burnishing wheel along the thread.

Abstract: A method for hot rolling of bevel gears by infeeding a rotating gear roll die having a synchronizing member into a rotating work gear having a synchronizing member. First, the teeth of the synchronizing members are brought into engagement, and then rough forming of teeth on the work gear takes place under the action of the teeth of the gear rolling die, wherein the synchronizing member of the work gear is acting as the driving member, and finish rolling of the rolled teeth of the work gear takes place, with the rotating gear rolling die acting as the driving member.An apparatus for carrying out the above method for hot rolling of bevel gears includes a work gear spindle having its power rotation drive and a gear rolling die spindle having power drives for its rotation and axial movement, the spindles being installed in the bed at an angle with respect to each other.

Abstract: An apparatus (20) for closing the end of a tube section includes a rotary means (180, 190) for rotating the tube section about the longitudinal axis of the tube section. A forming wheel (54) is mounted relative to the end of the tube section. The forming wheel (54) is freely rotatable about an axis substantially parallel to the rotational axis of the tube section. Structure (26) is provided for moving the forming wheel in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tube section and into engagement with the end of the tube section to close the end thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for repairing worn labyrinth seal flanges. The seal flanges are repaired by spin-forming them to increase their radial height to at least equal that of an unworn labyrinth seal. A tool for carrying out the process has a pair of parallel rollers displaced a constant distance which is advanced radially inwardly over the seal flange so as to deform the sides and cause the material to creep in a radially outward direction to increase the height of the flange. The flange may be ground to remove any residual defects caused by the spin-forming operation.

Abstract: A hinge joint which connects the back to the remainder of the seat in a motor vehicle has first and second leaves respectively provided with punched internal and spur gears. The internal gear receives the spur gear and at least one of its internal teeth meshes with two neighboring external teeth of the spur gear or vice versa. The rear sides of the internal and external teeth are formed with punched indentations to compensate for shrinkage of the top lands of such teeth as a result of punching. Each indentation resembles the frustum of a pyramid and is designed to effect the flow of material toward the top land of the respective tooth. The two leaves are coupled to each other by a shaft which defines therefor two parallel pivot axes.

Abstract: Machine permitting a deep slitting in a periphery of non planar discs for obtaining wheels carrying a pneumatic tire, wherein the disc to be slit is driven in rotation on a floating support, that is a support which automatically compensates for flatness irregularities while slitting knurling means are mounted on a driving device which is rigidly supported on a fixed frame.

Abstract: An improved method of stress rolling a metallic rim includes the additional step of applying an outside force to the rim to produce tensile stress in the region which is being stress rolled to produce a higher resulting compressive stress within the region than could otherwise be obtained through normal stress rolling.

Abstract: In an apparatus for mutually positioning a toothed chamfering/deburring tool and a gear to be worked, the gear rolls along an inclined rack until engagement with a stop disposed therealong in a predetermined position of the gear relative to the tool, which is formed with a first rotary detent member engageable with a second detent member for locating the tool in a predetermined angular position in which teeth of the tool and the gear can mesh when the tool and the gear are moved into engagement, the tool being rotated by a nozzle directing a stream of liquid against at least one tooth of the tool until the engagement of the first and second detent members.

Abstract: A gear rolling machine in which a work gear and a conjugate gear-like rolling die are rotated in tight mesh with relative radial pressure of metal deforming intensity applied between the rotating members. The radial feed which applies the pressure is applied by a power train which includes a worm-worm gear combination driving a screw shaft-nut combination. After maximum pressure has been applied, the center distance is reduced by limited predetermined axial movement of the worm, without rotation, in which the worm acts as a rack to provide a predetermined limited rotation of the worm gear, and hence of the screw-nut combination.

Abstract: A tangential thread rolling head includes two threaded rollers supported for free rotation on two parallel shafts; each of said rollers is provided with an unbalancing weight which by the force of gravity automatically adjusts a predetermined starting position of the rollers irrespective of the angular position of the head.

Abstract: A tool for bevelling and deburring gears comprising a deburring tool having profiled teeth which are straight with a taper decreasing from the periphery towards the center and a pair of deburring discs operatively connected to the toothed member.

Abstract: Apparatus for the cross wedge rolling of parts of bodies of revolution of reduced diameter, the apparatus including a tool having the shape of a cam, the active surfaces of which are parts of the surface of a body of revolution the axis of which is eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation of the tool, the tool having a calibration part advantageously following the reducing part of the tool.

Abstract: A back-gear set is coupled between a gear forming roll and a gear blank into the virgin surface of which gear teeth are cold-rolled by forceful engagement of the roll with the blank. The blank and the roll are rotatable about axes which are movable relative to each other for infeed of the roll into the blank during cold-forming of the gear teeth in the blank. The back-gears are defined in cooperation with the infeed drive mechanism so that, at the time of contact of the roll with the blank, the blank and roll rotate at a ratio of angular velocities, and the ratio is not changed during infeed of the roll into the blank during cold-forming of teeth in the blank.

Abstract: Method of and apparatus for elongating a work piece axially while reducing it in diameter by subjecting it to rolling in a rolling mill having opposed similar rolls of the multiple wedge type rotating in the same direction through at least two revolutions. In a first revolution of the rolls the axially central part of the work piece is reduced in diameter by first sets of oppositely directed rolling members on the opposed rolls, and in the second revolution of the rolls the axially central part of the preliminarily rolled work piece is further reduced in diameter and axially elongated by second sets of oppositely directed rolling members on the opposed rolls.

Abstract: An assembly is disclosed for quick and easy mounting and removal of a circular die in coaxial surrounding relation to a machine spindle and which features a one-piece diametrically expandable sleeve concentrically interposed in wedged engagement between the spindle and die and a bi-directional displacement means which includes a jack plate in overlying stacked relation to the spindle for driving the sleeve in opposite axial directions toward and away from an operating position, the operating position of the sleeve being in wedged engagement between the spindle and die to remove clearances therebetween and to promote concentricity of the circular die.

Abstract: A machine for rolling hypoid gears, particularly ring gears, in mesh with a tool in the form of a hypoid gear. Work pieces are provided at a station with their teeth located in a precisely predetermined angular position. From this station they are transported into alignment with a rotary work spindle which at this time is fixed against rotation in a random position. The gear-like tool is secured to a spindle which is fixed in a precisely located angular position so that the teeth of the gear and tool are in proper angular alignment. The gear is fixed on the work spindle and the work and tool spindles are relatively moved to mesh the gear and tool, after which both spindles are released for rotation and one spindle is positively driven in rotation.

Abstract: A machine for rolling hypoid gears, particularly pinions having a stem projecting from one side, in mesh with a tool in the form of a hypoid ring gear. Work pieces are provided at a preliminary loading station with their teeth located in a precisely predetermined angular position. From this station they are transported into alignment with a rotary work spindle which at this time is fixed against rotation in a random position. The gear-like tool is secured to a spindle which is fixed in a precisely located angular position so that the teeth of the gear and tool are in proper angular alignment. The gear is fixed on the work spindle and the work and tool spindles are relatively moved to mesh the gear and tool, after which both spindles are released for rotation and one spindle is positively driven in rotation.

Abstract: A rotary forming machine and a rotary tool utilized therewith for performing a forming operation on a workpiece. A work spindle rotatably mounts the workpiece about a first axis and a pair of tool spindles which each support a plurality of the tools are rotatably mounted about spaced second axes on opposite sides of the first axis. Each tool has a partially circular forming face extending about the associated tool spindle axis for an angle less than 180 degrees with forming projections that engage the workpiece. Associated pairs of the tools on the two tool spindles cooperate with each other to simultaneously form the workpiece in an opposed relationship to each other. Each tool includes a metallic body with a leading end and a trailing end between which its forming face extends as do base and side wall surfaces. The rotary tools preferably have elongated shapes with maximum heights that are approximately 25 percent of their length.

Abstract: The holder comprises a first section containing in one end a slot in which a single knurling tool is mounted to rotate about a first axis. The first section is integral with and offset from a second section of the holder, which is used to mount the holder on the cross slide of a lathe, or the like, so that as the tool is advanced at right angles toward the work, it will be held for rotation in the holder about an axis inclined approximately 30.degree. to the axis of the work, and will pass beneath and in tangential contact with the work to knurl the work surface as it passes transversely beneath it. Alternatively the holder can be mounted on a turret in an end working position for swinging movement transversely beneath the work.

Abstract: By forming a plurality of substantially parallel grooves in the peripheral surface of a cylindrical spark wheel blank, and then rolling the grooved spark wheel blank between at least two cooperating dies, an inexpensive, unique spark wheel is rapidly and efficiently formed having a multitude of ramp top surfaces terminating in raised sharp cutting edges and burrs throughout its outer peripheral surface. The spark wheel blank must rotate between the dies sufficiently to impart the desired abrasive characterisic to the spark wheel surface. The dies employed in the process of this invention must incorporate either a plurality of cutting edges which are spaced closely enough to prevent the spark wheel from bottoming out on the die during the rolling step or relief channels at the base of each cutting surface which prevent destruction of the abrasive spark wheel surface.

Abstract: A rotary forming machine and a rotary tool utilized therewith for performing a forming operation on a workpiece. A work spindle rotatably mounts the workpiece about a first axis and a pair of tool spindles which each support a plurality of the tools are rotatably mounted about spaced second axes on opposite sides of the first axis. Each tool has a partially circular forming face extending about the associated tool spindle axis for an angle less than 180 degrees with forming projections that engage the workpiece. Associated pairs of the tools on the two tool spindles cooperate with each other to simultaneously form the workpiece in an opposed relationship to each other. Each tool includes a metallic body with a leading end and a trailing end between which its forming face extends as do base and side wall surfaces. The rotary tools preferably have elongated shapes with maximum heights that are approximately 25 percent of their length.