Abstract: A method of controlling a cooling line of a mill train for rolling steel strips and sheets, with the method including calculating reference temperature conditions in the cooling line based on a preset reference temperature, calculating actual strip temperature conditions in the cooling line dependent on actual adjusted process parameters of the cooling line and specific process conditions of a strip, and controlling individually the process parameters of the cooling line by comparing the calculated actual temperature conditions with the reference temperature conditions; and a system for effecting the method.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for the production of thin metal strip by the hot rolling process. Significant improvements in the finished products can be made by the arrangement of the apparatus and the method of the present invention. The apparatus of the present invention is a metal processing line having a roughing reversing mill stand and a finishing reversing mill stand, each with different sized working rolls. A heating furnace precedes each mill stand. The apparatus in the present invention has the advantages of producing desired thin metal strip in the thickness range of about 0.4 to about 1.2 mm at temperatures appropriate for the specific metal being rolled.

Abstract: A selectively heat treated side intrusion beam includes a beam body having a center portion heat treated and end portions not heat treated. The beam body is affixed to end brackets that couple the beam body to the automotive vehicle door. The method. for forming a side intrusion beam includes the steps of moving beam stock through a heater; controlling the heater to cycle between an on-state and an off-state with respect to predetermined portions of the length of the beam; quenching the beam stock; and, cutting the beam stock at untreated portions to form the beam body.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooling hot-rolled rolling stock, wherein, for cooling preferably both sides of hot-rolled wide strip, a heat exchange is carried out between the rolling stock and the cooling medium by a pressurized water flow through a sequence of a pressure chamber and a convection chamber, and wherein the rolling stock is cooled by a targeted control of the intensity of the forced convection. The method utilizes a combination of a cooling unit between stands and an additional roll cooling unit in the area of the roll gap at the exit side thereof using a directed pressurized water flow along a circumferential portion of the roll body of each work roll, wherein the cooling unit between stands and the roll cooling unit each operate with contactless sealing means for the surface of the rolling stock and the surface of the roll body.

Abstract: A hot rolling train with a walking beam furnace, a reversing stand following the walking beam furnace and possibly shears and/or descaling devices, as well as a subsequent hot strip finish-rolling train for manufacturing thin, austenitically rolled hot strip is retrofitted with an equalizing furnace provided between the reversing stand and the hot strip finish-rolling train, wherein the equalizing furnace has a number of receiving locations for strips to be heated for equalizing the strip in order to ensure a total heating time for each preliminary strip which is a multiple of the rolling time and the hot strip finish-rolling train.

Abstract: A bar and wire rolling mill includes a cooling bed line for bars, a rotary basket reeling line for bars coiled into coils, and a wire line with a looper and winding collector for wire, and a holding furnace arranged downstream for thermal aftertreatments of the rolled material leaving the rolling mill. The cooling line, the rotary basket reeling line and the wire line are connected to a common holding furnace through transport devices.

Abstract: Rolling method for thin flat products, used in the production of flat rolled products with a final thickness in the range of 0.6-1.5 mm or more, up to 2.0-3.0 mm, in a plant suitable to work thicknesses of up to 25.4 mm, the method being applied to slabs with a thickness of between 50 and 90 mm if arriving directly from the continuous casting machine or on slabs with a greater thickness, of between 80 and 200-250 mm, if fed from a furnace to accumulate and heat the slabs (22), the method comprising at least a first heat treatment, a roughing or pre-finishing pass, a temperature equalisation treatment and a finishing pass in a finishing train (19) comprising at least three reduction passes, the finishing pass being followed by a step of cooling and coiling the flat finished product, the product at the outlet of the roughing or pre-finishing pass being in the austenitic state .gamma.

Abstract: Method and respective hot rolling plant for the continuous production of bars, iron rods or wire, of the type in which the rolled section is cut longitudinally in which: the result is a thin flat bloom (A) with large flat (B) with a thickness close to that of the maximum section of the bar, iron rod or wire to be obtained and with a width equal to at least one multiple of said maximum section; said large flat (B) is further rolled by opposite annularly grooved rolls (23), to shape in contra-opposition the opposite buckled surfaces and recesses in order to bring the section of large flat to the shape of ovals or lozenges one connected to the other for a very thin rolling thickness between the section of one and the section of the other in correspondence of the minimum of said opposite recesses (C); said sections are longitudinally separated in correspondence of the respective thickness minimum, creating a bed of rod sections (D) in continuous advancement, in which each rod section makes up the bar or iron rod

Abstract: A method and an installation for producing biconical wire, i.e., wire with repeating cylindrical and conical wire sections from a cylindrical starting material, in particular for producing helical compression springs inexpensively by using hot forming to form the conical wire sections. The installation has a heating unit (1) and a forming unit (2). The embodiment also includes a cooling unit (3) downstream from the heating unit (1), a cooling unit (4) downstream from the forming unit (2), a roll control (5), a re-rolling unit (6) downstream from the forming unit (2), another heating unit (7) for annealing or tempering, a cooling unit (8) downstream from the additional heating unit (7), an uncoiler (9), a roller straightening apparatus (10) and a coiler (11).

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling the work rolls of a roll stand includes for each roll a cooling water duct equipped with spray nozzles at a spray beam as well as devices for supplying cooling water and for removing heated water, a cooling water guide plate for the upper work roll arranged at an acute angle relative to the rolling stock surface and provided with a stripping member at the front of the guide plate facing the upper roll, and an essentially horizontally extending cooling water guide plate located closely underneath the rolling stock plane and provided with a stripping member for the lower roll.

Abstract: Continuous production line for producing a strip of rolled sheet of steel comprising applying to said sheet of steel an aqueous pickling solution containing hydrochloric acid and ferric and ferrous pickling irons in solution, and, for the purpose of maintaining a constant pickling power of the aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid having a pH lower than 1, maintaining the concentration of Fe.sup.3+ ions at a value between 1 g/liter and 300 g/liter, by reoxidation of the Fe.sup.2+ ions produced during the pickling, the REDOX potential being maintained at a value between 400 and 600 mV, the potential being measured between a platinum electrode and a reference AG/AGCl electrode which are placed in the solution.

Abstract: A process for applying a defined surface roughness to a metal strip, especially steel strip, for preventing the sticking of strip during subsequent annealing in a bell-type annealing installation includes cold rolling the metal strip in at least one reversing roll stand. The cold rolled metal strip is then guided to a temper rolling stand for wet rolling the cold rolled metal strip through at least one pass for applying the defined surface roughness to the metal strip. For this purpose, the flattening rolls of the temper rolling stand are replaced with rough rolls.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling the lateral temperature control of hot material on a roller table of a hot roller mill employs adjustable heat-insulating panels below the hot material path, between the rollers of the roller table. Between each successive pair of rollers a number of the heat-insulating panels are arranged side by side, as a group spanning the width of the table. At least away from the entry end of the table, the panels of each group can be displaced selectively to allow a greater loss of heat from a central region of the hot material between its side edges than in the side edge regions themselves. The selective displacement of the panels can be preprogrammed to be determined by the characteristics of the hot material entering the roller table.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing hot-worked elongated products, such as bars or tubes, from high-alloy or hypereutectoid steel in which a feedstock is heated to a deformation temperature and undergoes at least one deformation step. Following the at least one deformation step, the deformed feedstock is either cooled or heated at a specific temperature to achieve a uniform temperature distribution throughout the length and thickness of the deformed feedstock. Next the deformed feedstock is reheated to a temperature below the deformation temperature. The reheated feedstock is continuously rolled in a multi-stand reducing mill to its final size and then cooled by ambient air.

Abstract: A rolling system for producing an angle and a rolling method using such rolling system. The rolling system includes a heating apparatus for heating a steel strip while it is running, a universal mill composed of a pair of vertical rolls each having a groove in the peripheral surface thereof, and a pair of horizontal rolls. One of the pairs of the horizontal rolls have a groove at a longitudinal central portion thereof. Also provided is a group of two-high mills with grooved rolls that are closely disposed one behind the other. The heating apparatus may include a direct current-applying heating apparatus. Since the steel strip that is rolled on the universal mill increases the thickness of a central portion thereof, it is possible to roll an angle from a steel strip whose thickness is the same as the thickness of the flanges of the produced angle.

Abstract: A hot metallic workpiece is advanced between side guides extending along opposite lateral sides of a driven roller table for guiding the hot metallic workpiece to a hot mill. Each of the side guides takes the form of a beam section including an elongated horizontal workpiece guide joined to an elongated horizontal back section by web sections horizontally separated one from another and forming a plurality of utility pockets. The elongated horizontal guide has window openings at the pass line communicating with corresponding situated utility pockets each containing a burner to direct hot products of combustion toward the side of a workpiece while advance by the roller table toward a hot mill. A burner carrier supports a group of spaced apart burners with the burners of each group connected to discrete utility lines.

Abstract: A wire roll stand with roll rings mounted in a cantilevered manner onto roll shafts, wherein the roll rings can be axially clamped through spacer rings against an end of the respective roll shaft. The roll shafts are adjustable by eccentric bushings mounted in a housing and the eccentric bushings as well as the roll shafts are sealed relative to walls of the housings. The housing wall through which the roll shafts extend is equipped with openings which take into consideration the adjusting range of the roll shafts, wherein the openings are fixedly lined with sealing rings having a U-shaped profile. The spacer rings have a U-shaped profile and are composed of at least two parts with separating surfaces thereof extending within the profile yokes, wherein the sides of the spacer rings rest on the sides of the sealing rings within the adjusting range.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrically heated metal strip rolling mill comprising: front and back reels for supporting a metal strip; electric power suppliers; a roll stand having a base, a roll support frame having upper and lower casings being fastened with studs, at least two pairs of supporting rolls rotatably fixed in said support frame, at least one pair of working rolls rotatably fixed in said roll support frame and disposed between the support rolls, and a roll drive mechanism for driving the support rolls; a means for applying electricity directly to the surface of one roll of the pair of working rolls from the electric power suppliers and conducting the electricity to the outside directly from another roll of the pair of working rolls; and a strip cooler disposed after said roll stand for cooling said metal strip.

Abstract: According to the present invention, angled steel pipes manufactured by cold forming can be manufactured into such angled steel pipes that are soft and highly stretchable over the entire sections thereof, almost free from residual stresses, and have high buckling strength, excellent secondary weldability and sufficient toughness by way of hot draw forming the pipes with an angled steel pipe forming mill.

Abstract: A coiler furnace for a hot strip includes a strip inlet opening, at least one coiler formed by a coiler mandrel, a strip outlet opening different from the strip inlet opening and a heat-insulating furnace wall surrounding the coiler on all sides. A coiler mandrel is movable by an adjustment device into a coiling start position at the strip inlet opening for the purpose of seizing the beginning of the hot strip as well as into an uncoiling position in which a coil wound on the coiler mandrel is pressed against a pressing roller arranged, or to be arranged, stationarily at the coiler furnace.

Abstract: A Steckel mill or coiler rolling mill includes at least one reversing stand and drivers and coiler furnaces arranged on the entry side and the exit side of the reversing stand, wherein the reversing stand, the drivers and the coiler furnaces are connected to one another through roller conveyors for the strip to be rolled. At least one heating unit is provided in at least one of the sections formed between the coiler furnaces and the reversing stand, wherein the heating unit covers at least a portion of the section.

Abstract: A production plant for producing hot-rolled flat products includes a rolling train composed of a plurality of roll stands, a run-out table with devices for cooling the hot strip, and subsequently arranged coiling machines for coiling the strip. A compact deformation stage in the form of a rolling train with one to four roll stands is arranged following the reeling unit of a conventionally constructed hot-rolled wide strip train. This rolling train is specifically constructed for the deformation in the ferritic range.

Abstract: A production plant for producing hot-rolled flat products includes a rolling train composed of a plurality of roll stands, a run-out table with devices for cooling the hot strip, and with subsequently arranged coiling machines for coiling the strip. At least the first roll stand of the rolling train is a reversing stand. At least one reeling furnace each is arranged in front of and following the reversing stand. A controllable cooling unit is provided between the reversing stand and the reeling furnace in front of the reversing stand.

Abstract: Heat shield panels arranged below a hot material path are supported in a manner which allow limited movement. Carry-over bars at opposite ends of each panel are also displaceably mounted and have bearer elements which lie below the panels. When a carry-over bar is struck by distorted material, it will be momentarily displaced and, through supporting engagement of the bearer elements with the panel, displacement of the panel also occurs, so disturbing loose deposits on its top faces. Occasional agitation of the panels is thereby provided passively and the build-up of deposits on a panel top face can be countered in a manner which allow the angle of slope of the top faces to be reduced.

Abstract: A conductor for use in a flat cable includes thereon a tin of tin alloy plating the thickness of which is substantially uniform over the whole periphery of a flat conductor, in order to provide a conductor for use in a flat cable which can minimize variations in the plating thickness thereof, provide a good contact reliability with respect to a connector when it is used in a flat cable, and causes no increase in the contact resistance thereof in a humidity withstand test after it is inserted into and removed from the connector.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a grain-oriented silicon steel sheet having excellent and uniform magnetic characteristics by improving the magnetic flux density of a silicon coil cold rolled to a thin thickness without increasing a Si content. The method comprises controlling steel sheet temperature along the rolling direction of a coil immediately downstream of the outlet roll bites of one or more rolling paths to about 15.degree. C. or less, and controlling the temperature of one or more of the rolling paths between about 150.degree. C. to about 350.degree. C.

Abstract: In a production method for silicon steel hot rolled sheets by subjecting a slab of silicon steel to a rough hot rolling through high-temperature heating and then subjecting to a finish hot rolling, rolling at the first stand in the finish hot rolling is carried out so that a relation of thickness at entrance side of the stand t.sub.F1 (mm), thickness at delivery side thereof t.sub.F2 (mm), surface temperature of steel sheet at gripping T.sub.F0 (.degree. C.) and temperature at the depth of (t.sub.F1 -t.sub.F2)/2 (mm) from the surface of the steel sheet at gripping T.sub.F1 satisfies the following equation:(T.sub.F1 -T.sub.F0)/{(t.sub.F1 -t.sub.F2)/2}.ltoreq.10+t.sub.F1 /10 (.degree.C./mm).Thus, surface defect and surface cracks can be prevented in the hot rolling to provide silicon steel sheets having excellent surface properties.

Abstract: A conductor for use in a flat cable includes thereon a tin or tin alloy plating the thickness of which is substantially uniform over the whole periphery of a flat conductor, in order to provide a conductor for use in a flat cable which can minimize variations in the plating thickness thereof, provide a good contact reliability with respect to a connector when it is used in a flat cable, and causes no increase in the contact resistance thereof in a humidity withstand test after it is inserted into and removed from the connector.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and an apparatus for manufacturing soldering rods with a copper percentage of at least 60 weight-%. An extruder serves to convert a block of the alloy at a temperature between 540.degree. and 680.degree. C. into an individual wire of a maximum diameter of 10 mm. Upon emerging from the extruder, the wire is chilled to a temperature below 250.degree. C. and either intermediately stored or directly further processed. Immediately following a conductive heating to temperature between 200.degree. and 280.degree. C., the wire is fed to a multi-stage reducing mill where it is reduced by rolling in each stage by a maximum of 25% until it has reached its final cross section.

Abstract: Assembly to wind-unwind thin slabs which cooperates with a continuous casting plant (11) producing thin slabs (12) and is positioned on the same axis as that plant (11), a heating and temperature-equalization furnace (17) being included upstream of the winding-unwinding assembly (10), at least one pair of drawing rolls (23) cooperating with the winding-unwinding assembly (10), which comprises two coiling-uncoiling units (20a-20b) positioned circumferentially equidistant from, and on, a base plate (21) able to rotate about a substantially central vertical axis, one of the units (20a-20b) taking over alternately the position and function of the other unit (20a-20b) and viceversa, each coiling-uncoiling unit (20a-20b) being equipped with its own lead-in guide (26) and powered rolls (28), the powered rolls (28) being coplanar and positioned below the thin slab (12) and cooperating with a curvature-imparting roll (29), which can be moved from a position of cooperation with, and between the powered rolls (28) to an

Abstract: A process for cold pilger rolling of thin-walled pipes having small outer diameters in which calibrated rolls are moved along the intermittently stationary pipe, inside of which a roll mandrel which is likewise calibrated assists in the shaping of the inner and outer pipe in the shaping region. To produce pipes which are thinner and have thinner walls than was formerly possible, the pipe to be shaped and the shaping tools (rolls and roll mandrel) are warmed up to operating temperature before and/or during the starting rolling phase of the pipes to be shaped.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manipulating hot metallic material includes placing a coil of the material at a first position, the coil having an open coil eye, and initiating uncoiling of the coil while it is in the first position. During uncoiling, the coil is transferred to a second position by moving it in a direction transverse to its axis, and heat loss from the coil side edges and eye is restricted by providing a heat shield closely adjacent to the side edges. The uncoiling continues at the second position, and when the coil is near the end of the uncoiling operation at the second position, a coil opener pin is inserted axially into the open coil eye without contacting the coil, thus avoiding conductive heat loss to the pin. Finally, at the completion of the uncoiling operation, the last few coil wraps are pulled into contact with the pin as the coil is pulled downstream out of the second position, whereby the pin prevents collapsing or crushing of the final portion of the coil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a warm rolling facility suited to rolling of brittle strip coils such as high Si steels. The facility is provided with a rolling machine, tension reels disposed respectively at an inlet side and an outlet side of the rolling machine, deflector rolls between each of the tension reels and the rolling machine. The tension reels are positioned in warming furnaces having heating means, and the rolls and the deflector rolls are provided with means for heating the rolls. Further, the rolling machine is provided at its inlet and outlet with heating apparatuses for heating the strip.

Abstract: A continuous process and system for making flat rolled steel or ferrous metal strip having a minimum thickness sufficient to allow substantially direct product manufacture therefrom, wherein a Platzer planetary mill continuously receives an as-continuously cast endless slab of steel or ferrous metal and effects a first reduction in thickness from the as-continuously cast thickness of the slab, a plurality of millstands sequentially receive the continuous strip from the Platzer planetary mill to effect a second reduction in thickness of at least about 50% of the first reduced thickness to provide a continuous strip having an average thickness of less than about 1.8 mm, and electric induction reheaters are placed between each adjacent pair of millstands to maintain the continuous strip at a working temperature sufficient to effect the second reduction in thickness.

Abstract: An insulating heat re-radiation - retention and infiltration air free system and method is provided for processing heated articles, including upper and lower heat shields to form, in combination with spaced apart rollers employed to support the articles, a substantial infiltration air-free enclosure, each of the heat shields are made-up of substantially high purity 100% ceramic fiber which is relatively non-porous and gap free and having fiber hot faces, the fiber of the heat shields being compressed and maintained in a high density condition, the fiber of the lower heat shield being formed to contact the circumferences of the rollers in a manner to prevent air from passing into the enclosure, the upper and lower heat shields being maintained in close proximity with the heated articles.

Abstract: A hot-rolling equipment installation has a continuous casting apparatus linearly arranged with a simplified heating oven disposed uimmediately after an outlet of the continuous casting apparatus, a sizing press disposed immediately after an outlet of the simplfied heating oven, and rough rolling mills. The sizing press is installed at an inlet side of the rough rolling mills. The slab material is transferred from the continuous casting apparatus to the simplified heating oven and then reduced in width by the sizing press. The simplified heating oven raises the temperature of the edge portions of the slab so that the edge and center portions of the slab are made uniform in temperature. This prevents the edges from cracking during width reduction and subsequent rolling in the rough rolling mills.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the solid-state forming of a metallic feedstock into thin sheet or foil is disclosed that uses improved isothermal roll forging techniques. The improvements include the use of rotatable backup rolls for increasing hollow work roll stiffness, two independent work roll heating controllers, a reduced work roll diameter and other means for precise control of conditions within a feedstock "travelling hot zone" (THZ). The disclosed improvements allow the application of isothermal roll forging techniques to the rolling of thin sheets from difficult-to-work, high-strength metals such as aluminides, intermetallics, superalloys, titanium alloys, ODS composites, beryllium, and others in sheets having widths of 24-inches and more.

Abstract: A method of fabricating box section from steel with walls of non-uniform thickness along its periphery. A starting product in the form of round tubing with a wall that is uniformly thick along its circumference is manufactured and rolled into box section with walls of uniform thickness along its periphery. A temperature difference is generated between the flange midsections and the web midsections of the box section with walls of uniform thickness along its periphery such that the flange midsections are at least 600.degree. C. hotter than the web midsections, the flanges are edged and thickened peripendicular to the longitudinal axis of the box section, with the edge length being shortened, by rollers, and the box section is finally cooled with air and/or water subject to standardization conditions.

Abstract: Screens for limiting heat losses from heated material, e.g. bars and slabs in rolling mills. Screens are provided in the form of strings of heat insulating bodies composed of metal shells containing insulating material. These screens may form curtains and/or covers for the hot material. Containing chambers for the hot material may be provided with such strings of elements and the chambers may also comprise structure for limiting heat conduction losses through the material supports therein. The screens may be collapsed over the hot material thereby completely surrounding and insulating the material from loss of heat. A displaceable chamber installation may also be provided for limiting heat loss when holding and transferring hot material between processing stages.

Abstract: The process of our invention heats a plurality of partially finished products extruded in an extrusion unit or changed in a transforming unit as a preparation for introduction into subsequent transformation or processing units. In extruding and/or transforming or heating the heat applied to at least one partially finished product length group is transferred during intermediate transport of the partially finished product length group and/or during storage by heat transfer with other partially finished product length groups. The heat transfer is caused by radiation, convention and/or direct contact. An apparatus for performing the process according to our invention comprising a thermal insulating chamber provided with an air flow and air feed devices and if necessary an auxiliary heating unit is also provided.

Abstract: A supported ceramic roller and a method for production and use thereof is provided, particularly as a guide roller in a non-ferrous rolling mill. A ceramic roller member is attached to a backing member, preferably metallic, by an adhesive which has the characteristic of acting as a thermal/mechanical stress barrier. The sidewalls of the ceramic roller member extend radially outward of the support member.

Abstract: To make hot rolled steel strap from strap like cast starting material cast pieces can be first cut from the solidfying casting after the casting process is completed. Then these cast pieces are guided to and stored in an oven where they are brought to and maintained at the rolling temperature. The cast pieces are fed in succession into the rolling mill. Then the cast pieces are stored there at the rolling temperature until the rolling process begins. A number of cast pieces are produced as raw products in our invention and stored until the rolling of these individual cast pieces starts. the casting is continuous and occurs also during the rolling operation. Because of the intermediate storage provided by the oven significant differences can exist between the casting time and the rolling time. Assembly and maintenance of the rolling mill, e.g. roll changing, can be performed in a pause of the roll cycle which includes the rolling time.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus and accompanying methods for use therein for forming a material (504), which has high strength and good workability, by rapidly deforming a suitable base metal (501) having a banded structure, such as illustratively a previously cold worked plain low carbon steel alloy, in order to generate a high rate of change in its internal energy which depresses the transformation temperatures of the base metal and thereby induces an allotropic phase transformation to occur therein. This rapid deformation can be produced through rolling, extrusion or forging and causes an extremely high heating rate to occur at each surface of the base metal. Prior to being deformed, the base metal is maintained at a fairly low temperature, e.g. at or near room temperature. The tooling, preferably rolls, that is used to provide the deformation is maintained at a modestly elevated temperature.

Abstract: Rolling mill work and back-up rolls comprising an arbor with a sleeve shrunk thereon have circumferential grooves formed in the external surface of the arbor, through which heating or cooling liquid is supplied from external sources so as to expand or contract the sleeve and change the roll crown and contour. The fins, or material between grooves, may have higher heat conductivity than the material of the arbor and sleeve, and are proportioned to transmit rolling forces without reducing roll stiffness. A liquid supply system provides liquids of different temperatures to selected sections of the grooves along the roll working surface; and strip of different widths but of uniform gauge across the strip is rolled by suitably adjusting the temperatures of the hot and cold liquids so supplied.

Abstract: A gas burner includes a burner tube which has on one side a row of burner nozzles aimed against a surface to be heated. In the interior of the burner tube, at least one slider is arranged which can be moved from outside the burner tube along the tube and by means of which the end burners of the row of burner nozzles can be shut off from the gas supply which is supplied the center of the burner tube, so that the row of the burner nozzles can be adapted to the width of the surface to be heated, e.g., to the width of a web when the burner tube is used to heat a hollow roll used to treat a web.

Abstract: Screens for limiting heat losses from heated material, e.g. bars and slabs in rolling mills. Screens are provided in the form of strings of heat insulating bodies composed of metal shells containing insulating material. These screens may form curtains and/or covers for the hot material. Containing chambers for the hot material may be provided with such strings of elements and the chambers may also comprise structure for limiting heat conduction losses through the material supports therein. The screens may be collapsed over the hot material thereby completely surrounding and insulating the material from loss of heat. A displaceable chamber installation may also be provided for limiting heat loss when holding and transferring hot material between processing stages.

Abstract: A roll for treating a web of material includes a hollow roll supported for rotation about a stationary cross piece. Between the inside circumference of the hollow roll and the cross piece, a longitudinal chamber filled with temperature-controlled pressure liquid is provided, in which a lengthwise subdivision is arranged so that the flow of the pressure liquid in the two partial longitudinal chambers is in opposite directions in order to obtain a uniform temperature distribution along the roll.

Abstract: The problem of working an amorphous alloy is overcome by heating the alloy at a rate of temperature increase above about 1000.degree. C. per minute. The amorphous alloy is worked by homogeneous deformation after its temperature has been very rapidly increased to above the softening temperature of the alloy. Desirable magnetic properties of the alloy are preserved by working the alloy in this fashion and also tool life is extended.

Abstract: A method and plant for casting and rolling strip and/or sheet in line. The method comprises continuously casting slabs less than about 1.5 inches thick which naturally have a columnar grain structure. The method further comprises passing the slabs directly onto an insulated run-out table for maintaining temperature and minimizing heat loss from the slabs and permitting equalization of temperature within the slabs. The method also comprises passing the slabs directly to a hot reversing mill having upstream and downstream coiling furnaces such that the slabs first pass the reversing mill and are subject to an initial reduction in thickness sufficient to break up the columnar structure prior to being coiled as strips in the downstream coiling furnace and passing the strips back and forth to produce sheet or strip having an equiaxed grain structure.

Abstract: A temperature control system (50) for use in a furnace (10) for heating metal logs (13) as the logs (13) move through a furnace heating chamber (12) includes thermocouples (52a-52e) adapted to sense log temperatures by direct contact during intermittent time intervals when the logs (13) are stationary. Radiation sensors (64a-64 e) continuously sense radiant energy emitted from the logs (13) and a temperature compensation circuit (62) compares signals representative of log temperatures as measured by thermocouples (52a-52e) and the radition sensors (64a-64e). The difference between the signals is utilized during time intervals when the logs (13) are moving as a compensation factor for the continuous signals representative of log temperatures based on sensed radiation. The compensated signals and signals representative of desired set point temperatures are applied to log temperature controllers (80a-80e) to regulate the thermal energy applied to the logs (13).