Abstract: This invention is a process for making micro-multiport tubing for use in automobile air conditioner heat exchangers. The tubing is a flat body with a row of side-by-side passageways, which are separated by upright webs. Processing of this tubing involves extrusion, a straightening and cutting operation, assembly and furnace brazing of the condenser. This invention improves the grain size of the metal in the tubing and also improves the metallurgical strength of the tubing. Ports are formed in the tubing during extrusion. These ports are separated by webs and the webs are extruded so that they have a reduced thickness at their centers. In response to successive cold working of the body, the webs are changed in shape to a more uniform thickness state. Stated other wise, in this invention, the webs are initially of hour glass shape such that when there is five percent change in material thickness, the strain is concentrated at the center of the web and results in at least fifteen percent cold work.

Abstract: A method of producing a heat transfer device comprising a base (1) and a number of flanges (2) projecting from the base (1), the device being formed with the flanges in a first mutual relation in a first operation and the base being subjected to at least partial deformation in a second operation so that the flanges projecting from the deformed portion of the base are brought into a second mutual relation, the flanges being arranged at shorter mutual distances in the second relation than in the first relation.

Abstract: An extrusion arrangement is disclosed for manufacturing hollow-profile workpieces made of metal, including an extrusion die which is guided in an extrusion chamber and compresses material situated in the extrusion chamber. For forming an extruded hollow profile, the extrusion die presses the material through a bottom die arranged on a head-side end of the extrusion chamber, a forming of the extruded hollow profile taking place by means of internal high pressure during the emerging from the bottom die. Advantageously, a plurality of forming tools are provided which can be alternately arranged adjoining the outlet opening of the bottom die for receiving an extruded hollow profile and its forming, and, for cooling and releasing the formed extruded profile, the tools can be removed from the bottom die.

Abstract: A method for forming artistic forked pipes made of aluminum or copper alloy, including the steps of selecting of extruded material, milling for making an extruded pipe, enlarging the bore of a main pipe, and forming to form forked branch pipes. Wherein, an extruded material selected is provided with a plurality of through holes and protruding columns. The through holes are formed to have a main pipe on one end and a plurality of branch pipes on the other end thereof. The material of the protruding columns are milled to distribute on protruding portions on the main pipe, and on protruding portions on the branch pipes for making an extruded pipe. A die core with the corresponding shape of the main pipe has to be fitted in the main pipe hole of the extruded pipe to facilitate operation of exerting pressure onto the protruding portions of the main pipe to enlarge the bore of the main pipe into a desired form.

Abstract: A method of making a one-piece steering wheel insert includes the steps of extruding material into an elongated continuous extrusion having a shape including an outer rim portion, a central hub portion and at least one spoke portion extending between the hub portion and the rim portion, cutting the extrusion into a plurality of blanks, and forming each of the blanks into a final shape of the steering wheel insert.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the stepwise transverse transportation of sections, in particular groups of sections, from a longitudinal conveyor at the delivery end of a metal extrusion press to a first (8) and optionally a further (9) cooling station as far as a stretcher-leveller, in which each group of sections is gripped between clamps (I, II) at the ends of the sections during the said transverse transportation, in addition the clamps (I, II) accompanying a group of sections over one step with the clamps accompanying the next step and finally the clamps (12) of the stretcher-leveller arranged at the outside position ?are! arranged alternately offset in the longitudinal direction of the sections at the distance of the depth of a clamping jaw, and the clamps (I, II) for one step remain closed until the clamps for a following step or the clamps (12) of the stretcher-leveller are closed, and in which the clamps which are open laterally in the transverse conveying direction are supported by vertical c

Abstract: A method and a device for forming a metal billet into an elongated product body of desired cross-sectional shape and dimension by a combination of die drawing and hydroextrusion from a pressure chamber having a central axis, holding a pressurized working liquid and being fitted with a hydroextrusion die, which are characterized by placing a drawing die of smaller cross-sectional size than the hydroextrusion die in coaxial alignment with the latter at a distance L downstream therefrom whereby the hydroextrusion die and the drawing die form a pair of dies flanking an intermediary empty region; adjusting the distance L to fit the metal and size of the elongated product body such that any stretch of an extruded body passing through the intermediary empty region retains its elastic stability; continuously extruding the billet through the hydroextrusion die to form an extruded intermediate product; continuously passing the extruded intermediate product across the intermediary empty region into the drawing die; and

Abstract: An extruded material for expansion working comprising a main body having at least a plurality of straight portions and arcuate corner portions formed between the neighboring straight portions in cross section, and an imitation forming an annular polygon by coupling portions of said main body, wherein said corner portions have a radius of curvature (R) at the center in the direction of thickness of from 5 to 40 mm, and an inner angle (.theta.) formed by the neighboring two straight portions is from 90.degree. to 125.degree.. The imitation is removed and, then, the corner portions are expansion-worked into a flat plate.

Abstract: An imprinter in accordance with the invention includes a base (31) having a flatbed (32) for receiving a station plate (33) and a credit card (34) to be imprinted on a print receiving element and a carriage 29 movable in first and second directions to cause imprinting, respectively, by first and second rolling platens 42 and 44 each having an axle 50 rotatably supported in the carriage in opposed downwardly extending members (52) of the carriage.

Abstract: Twin metal billets are fed to dual circumferential grooves formed in a rotating wheel. The billets are advanced first to a wedge-shaped gap which deforms the billets and are then advanced to a die. The die has a die opening with a circumferentially discontinuous, annular cross-section. The metal from each billet merges in the die opening and exits therefrom in the form of a slit tube. The tube is then opened and flattened to form a flat strip by advancing the slit tube over a forming member having a progressively increasing width.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy material of high strength and high toughness and a method for the production thereof are disclosed. The material of high strength and high toughness is produced by laterally changing the direction of extrusion of the aluminum alloy thereby imparting shear deformation productive of such strain intensity equals as an equivalent elongation of not less than 220%, preferably not less than 10,000% to the material in the process of extrusion and reducing the average particle diameter of the grains of a microstructure of the material to minute grains not exceeding 1 micron in diameter. The step of extrusion is carried out at a temperature not exceeding 300.degree. C., preferably not exceeding the recrystallization temperature of the alloy, and more preferably not exceeding the recovery temperature thereof.

Abstract: A one-piece C-arm for use with X-ray diagnostic equipment included in cross-section two generally vertical sidewalls extending generally parallel to one another, an inner support wall connecting the sidewalls, and an outer support wall spaced-apart from the inner support wall and connecting the sidewalls. A pair of flanges extend outwardly from respective sidewalls, and toward one another to form at least one channel along an outer portion of the C-arm frame for receiving wheels or bearings to allow moveable mounting of the C-arm on diagnostic equipment.

Abstract: A method for producing a U shaped seat back frame from a single extruded blank. The blank's cross section is nearly circular, but with a pair of short, flattened off crests that create a pair of concentric arcs, in cross section. Over a length of each end of the blank, a rectangular cross section, solid mandrel is inserted between the crests and the arcs are flattened against the mandrel. The arcs are flattened into wider side walls, while the crests move apart, without deformation, to create narrower and stiffer walls of a rectangular cross section. Lastly, the U blank with flattened ends is bent into a U shape, creating an upper beam with a nearly circular cross section, and legs with truly flat and rectangular lower ends.

Abstract: A method of bending extruded shapes of the present invention controls a bending radius and a bending angle in accordance with a moving distance of a movable bending die. In the bending process, hardness of an extruded shape to be processed is measured and converted into proof stress, and the bending condition for compensating the springback is determined. A correction coefficient C showing a ratio of a practical value of the moving distance and a theoretical value of the moving distance in a case of no spring-back occurring is defined by a function of Young's modulus E, geometrical coefficient Z, bending radius R and proof stress .sigma..sub.0.2 for the extruded shape to be processed.

Abstract: An improvement to a method for plastic forming of a material by rolling, forging or extrusion, by using a tool to exert a force on the material to obtain a product of desired geometry. The improvement comprises inducing in the material a reversible plastic strain in the form of shear bands localized in a zone of most intense deformation by the tool, by introducing a motion of the tool additional to a tool working motion which produces the desired geometry. The additional motion is reversible and transfers motion to the material due to intimate contact between the material and the tool.

Abstract: A shape scrap processing apparatus adapted to be situated next to a conveying table for conveying a continuous shape cut in a regular size. The apparatus comprises: conveying means for conveying shape scraps, which are discharged from the conveying table, intermittently by a regular length at a time in a longitudinal direction; pressing means disposed contiguously to the conveying means downstream thereof, and operable while the conveying of the shape scraps is stopped, for pressing the shape scraps into a regular size; cutting means disposed side by side to the pressing means for cutting the shape scraps into a regular size in response to the operation of the pressing means; and discharging means for discharging the cut scraps pressed by the pressing means and cut by the cutting means.

Abstract: To provide a hot working method which can reduce working resistance during the early stage of hot plastic working, particularly extrusion and forging using a die.A hot plastic working method characterized by comprising the step of plastically working, using a die, a material having a structure of not more than 50 .mu.m in average grain diameter with dispersed spherical grains ranging in size from 10 to 200 nm, the working material having a recess formed on a surface thereof in its site facing a closed space formed by abutting the working material against the die surface at the time of plastic working.

Abstract: There is described a process for manufacturing a single-component cover (10) for filters for vehicles substantially comprising the steps of: providing a starting single-component slab (10); drawing the slab (10) in the central part (34) thereof; reducing the thickness of the external edge (30) of the slab (10), by a bending step followed by a drawing step and three further bending steps, and by trimming the external edge (30); finally forming the external edge (30); punching the slab (10) in the central part (40) thereof; turning the edge in the central drawn part (40) of the slab (10); threading this central hole (42); and seaming the external edge (30) of the slab (10) to a filter-containing cup (14). (FIG.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a casing base for a hard disc drive device, an elongate semi-product of a light metal having a predetermined sectional profile having opposite side frame portions, is extrusion molded and then cut to a predetermined length to obtain an eventual casing base, which is then formed with necessary holes and recessed or raised portions using a press, thus completing the casing base. Like the case of die casting, no cavities are generated, so that it is possible to readily carry out washing and surface treatment. In addition, unlike the case of forming frames in a sole press process, a large number of press forming steps are not involved, and it is possible to permit mass production of a highly accurate and highly rigid product in a small number of steps and at a low cost of manufacture.

Abstract: A method of enhancing materials for flow localization and manifestation of adiabatic shear bands under high speed loading, comprising the steps of intensively plastically deforming a material at low strain rates by simple shear along prescribed planes a few times into a right and opposite directions with accumulated effective strain of E.sub.i >1.

Abstract: A method of forming an elongated narrowed neck on an impact extruded metal container, in which a larger portion is trimmed from the open end of the container than is necessary merely to produce a straight unwrinkled edge. The trimmed part is sufficiently long that the metal at the new edge formed by trimming comprises substantially more formable metal than the metal which would have been present at the edge produced by normal trimming. The increased formability occurs because excess impurities which migrate to the open edge of the container are largely removed by the deep trim. It is then possible to process the open end through a series of forming dies to produce a long narrowed neck with a much lower reject rate than previously. The method is further assisted by trimming the end of the neck again part way through the series of forming dies, and by maintaining very small clearances in the dies, and by using compressed air in the first few dies to aid in ejecting the containers from the dies.

Abstract: A method of, and an apparatus for extruding a billet of a light metal alloy, wherein the billet has an outer diameter smaller than a maximum configuration width and larger than a minimum configuration width of the die hole at its entry side. The billet is pressurized and extruded by a stem to form a preshaped portion which is larger than the entry side configuration of the die hole, at a frontal end portion of the billet near an entry portion of the die hole. The preshaped portion of the billet is subsequently shaped by the die hole into an extruded shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the die hole and of parts formed from the extruded billet, e.g., of an automobile suspension arm. A reduced resistance and a minimized extrusion pressure upon extrusion of a light metal alloy result from the preshaping of the billet and enable realization of a compact and less expensive arrangement of the production facility.

Abstract: A conductor for use in a flat cable includes thereon a tin or tin alloy plating the thickness of which is substantially uniform over the whole periphery of a flat conductor, in order to provide a conductor for use in a flat cable which can minimize variations in the plating thickness thereof, provide a good contact reliability with respect to a connector when it is used in a flat cable, and causes no increase in the contact resistance thereof in a humidity withstand test after it is inserted into and removed from the connector.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and an apparatus for manufacturing soldering rods with a copper percentage of at least 60 weight-%. An extruder serves to convert a block of the alloy at a temperature between 540.degree. and 680.degree. C. into an individual wire of a maximum diameter of 10 mm. Upon emerging from the extruder, the wire is chilled to a temperature below 250.degree. C. and either intermediately stored or directly further processed. Immediately following a conductive heating to temperature between 200.degree. and 280.degree. C., the wire is fed to a multi-stage reducing mill where it is reduced by rolling in each stage by a maximum of 25% until it has reached its final cross section.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the extrusion of tubing, sheets and profile shapes, wherein shearing strains in the material being extruded through a die serve to orient the microstructures of the material so that its strength properties are improved in the direction transverse to the extruding direction.

Abstract: Twin metal billets are fed to dual circumferential grooves formed in a rotating wheel. The billets are advanced first to a wedge-shaped gap which deforms the billets and are then advanced to a die. The die has a die opening with a circumferentially discontinuous, annular cross-section. The metal from each billet merges in the die opening and exits therefrom in the form of a slit tube. The tube is then opened and flattened to form a flat strip by advancing the slit tube over a forming member having a progressively increasing width.

Abstract: An upper arm 1 of a front suspention made of light alloy is provided with a lateral rubber bush mounting bore 2 connected to a vehicle body, and a vertical joint mounting bore 6 connected to a wheel support member. When forming the arm 1, a shape of the arm 1 is first determined such that the mounting bores 2 and 6 are directed in the same direction. Then, the arm 1 is extuded in an axial direction of the bores, and after cutting off the extruded material at a predetermined length, a portion of the mounting bore 2 is twisted by 90.degree.. Therefore, the extrusion can be employed for producing the suspention arm made of light alloy without increasing a thickness thereof.

Abstract: A billet of extrudable metal, particularly an Al alloy is tapered at its back end. The billet is compressed longitudinally so that the metal of the tapered end is upset transversely. The compressed billet is hot extruded. The upsetting improves the fracture toughness of the back end of the extrusion. This is useful in long extrusions for the aircraft industry.

Abstract: An aluminum extruding die comprising a mother die unit having a plurality of tooth-form holes at the middle respectively connected with one another forming into an extruding outlet, and a daughter die unit having a plurality of raised blocks respectively fastened in the tooth-form holes with gaps respectively maintained therebetween for the extrusion therethrough of aluminum material form a hollow, panel-like aluminum workpiece having a plurality of elongated, hollow ribs and a plurality of connecting strips alternatively connected therebetween is disclosed. The hollow, panel-like aluminum workpiece is further stretched into an aluminum mesh having a plurality of hollow ribs with a plurality of open spaces defined therein.

Abstract: Lead inclusion in copper-containing wrought alloys is coming into disfavor due to health and environmental considerations. Machinability, as well as retention of workability properties, associated with lead inclusion are assured by bismuth together with a modifying element, phosphorous, indium or tin, with such modifying element minimizes the workability-precluding embrittlement otherwise associated with bismuth. Fabrication of product dependent upon properties of the large variety of lead-containing alloys is so permitted by use of lead-free material.

Abstract: In a method of making a motor vehicle radiator, extruded hollow shapes of oval cross section provided inwardly with at least one longitudinally extending web lying transversely of the larger major axis of the oval cross section are reshaped, e.g. rolled, under pressure to a cross-sectional form of a flat profile tube having two parallel sides, soldered to cooling fins and fitted into a radiator housing. The extruded hollow shape is of light metal with a substantial oval cross section.

Abstract: An elongated bar to serve as a guide rail of a sliding roof in an automobile is formed by extrusion molding in such a manner that a support projection is provided on a lower side of the bar at a central portion thereof in the longitudinal direction. The bar is cut to a predetermined lenth and bent into a substantially u-shaped configuration, so that the guide rail has two parallel portions. A center frame, which extends between the parallel portions to support the guide rail, is secured at its ends to brackets fixed to a side frame of the automobile.

Abstract: The method of the invention produces a method for fabricating a metal tube that contains at least 30 wt % nickel and 10 wt % chromium. The invention utilized an elongated mandral having an oversized diameter and oversized land portions. The oversized land portions project radially outward from the mandrel and extend longitudinally along the mandrel. The valley portions are located between the land portions and extend longitudinally along the mandrel. Oversized diameter internally finned tubing is formed with the mandrel. The oversized diameter internally finned tubing is sent to a finished diameter. The sinking reduces radial spacing between the fins and elongates the oversized diameter internally finned tubing without substantially reducing the height of the fins.

Abstract: A bow beam, as well as a method of making the beam for the roof of truck trailer, is described as being initially extruded in a U-shape with a flat web which is heavier than a pair of legs which extend from the web. The extruded beam is then placed in a press where the free ends of the legs are bent to form a bow in the topside of the beam in spaced relation from the flat bottom web. Thus, the strength of the beam is optimized with a minimal amount of material.

Abstract: A method for extruding a metal tube to a precise internal diameter and a precise linear camber is provided by sizing and straightening the tube with a mandrel after the tube has been extruded to an approximate size. The mandrel is to have a taper so that a smaller end is inserted into the tube and then the mandrel is advanced to cause the tube to be inelastically deformed. The insertion is to proceed at a relatively slow speed in the range of 2.2 feet per minute to 1 inch per second until a desired constant diameter portion of the mandrel has been fully inserted into the tube. The insertion speed thereafter can be increased up to a speed of 48 feet per minute through the remaining length of the mandrel. Withdrawal of the mandrel preferably also occurs at a first slow speed until the constant diameter portion is withdrawn from the tube and then further withdrawal can proceed at a higher speed.

Abstract: A process is described for producing forged ring articles from high strength, high temperature materials such as superalloys and titanium alloys. The material to be forged is conditioned and placed into a condition of low strength and high ductility. This starting material is then back extruded to produce a cup. The cup can be sliced into rings in which can thereafter be final forged to a particular contour.

Abstract: A process for forging hollow elongated articles from superalloys and titanium alloys. The process employs preconditioned material which has low strength and high ductility. The process is performed in a forging press and has an initial step which converts a preform into a intermediate shape by press motion which produces radial outward workpiece flow. Press punch geometry is then changed and the operation continues with radial inward flow about a mandrel.

Abstract: A method of forming a pipe fitting of unitary construction having a tubular section with a radial flange at one end of the tubular construction. The method includes forming a solid cylindrical bar, upsetting one end of the bar to form a head thereon, drawing the remaining cylindrical portion of the bar to increase its length and decrease its circumference, upsetting the head to form the radial flange, and forming a bore through the flange and remaining cylindrical portion of the bar.

Abstract: A one-piece tri-pot universal joint housing is cold formed from a part having a shank at one end and an enlarged cylindrical head at the opposite end. The enlarged head is backward extruded to form a triangularly shaped cup which is then draw-ironed to provide a tri-lobal housing portion integrally attached to the shank.

Abstract: A continuous extrusion machine, in which feedstock is admitted (at 50) to a peripheral groove (12) in a rotating wheel (10), is enclosed in that groove by a cooperating shoe (24), and is frictionally dragged along an arcuate passageway (48) formed by said groove and a projecting portion (30) of said shoe towards an abutment (36) carried by the shoe. The abutment tip and adjacent wheel parts disposed downstream of the abutment are cooled directly by a jet of cooling fluid issuing from a nozzle (64) carried downstream on the shoe. An annular band (FIG. 2, 74) of a good thermally-conductive metal embedded concentrically in the wheel enhances the cooling obtained. The extrusion apparatus yields a metal product (FIG.

Abstract: A continuous extrusion product issuing from a continuous extrusion apparatus is threaded through a treatment die (to change its cross-section) and is continuously drawn therethrough by a tensioning device controlled by a system which (a) senses the temperature of the product as it leaves the extrusion apparatus, (b) converts (in a function generator) a temperature signal so produced into a tension reference signal, (c) compares a tension feedback signal (derived from a sensor adjacent the extrusion apparatus) with that tension reference signal, and (d) controls the tensioning device in accordance with the difference of the tension reference and feedback signals so as to prevent the sensed tension in the product (extending between the extrusion apparatus and the treatment die) from exceeding a safe value which is less than the yield stress tension of that product at the sensed temperature.

Abstract: Apparatus for the continuous extrusion of metals in which feed is introduced into a pair of circumferential grooves in a rotating wheel to contact arcuate tooling and abutments. The feed is constrained by the abutments to flow through exit apertures in a die top from the respective grooves to a substantially toroidal chamber around a hollow, open ended, portal mandrel to extrude through an annular die orifice as a cladding for a continuous core. Cooling air may be supplied to the interior of the cladding, which is subsequently swaged down on to the core. A solid mandrel may be utilized where it is desired to extrude tube.

Abstract: A blank for a sabot having premachined separating lines which are fabricated for the purpose of avoiding cost-intensive machinery by means of extrusion presses and subsequently reduction rolling. A predetermined oversize relative to the finished sabot can be strictly adapted to prevailing requirements by means of a radial gap extending between the separating lines and the peripheral surface.

Abstract: A gear is formed in a gear-forming apparatus including a die block formed with an axial bore and a plurality of teeth radially projecting into the bore and having lead-in portions adjacent one axial end of the bore, and an elongated mandrel axially movable into the bore, by placing at least one blank in position outside the die block and adjacent the axial end of the bore, causing the mandrel to extend through the center hole in the blank; forcing the blank into the bore from the axial end of the bore until the blank is moved past the teeth of the die block so that the blank is caused to form gear teeth on its outer peripheral surface by the teeth of the die block; driving at least one of the die block and the mandrel to move with respect to each other so that the gear resulting from the blank is withdrawn together with the mandrel out of the bore in the die block; and removing the gear from the mandrel outside the die block.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing hollow flow profiles having optimum aerodynamic configurations in conformance with a commensurate application, about the respective outer skin of which there flows a first work medium during operation, such as hot gas, whereas ducts which are arranged within the interior of the flow profiles are concurrently streamed through by a second work medium, such as compressed air. The method of the present invention employs suitable deformation techniques (drawing, circular swaging or rolling) at preselected locations to particularly produce web-like aggregations of material. When appropriate materials are used for this purpose, contoured profiles of that type can also be formed through extruding. The webs, depending upon the demands of preceding or successive process steps, can be formed externally, internally or on both sides of the conduit material.

Abstract: Seamless well drill tubes are formed by extruding seamed tube blanks through a die throat by pushing the tube blank through the die throat with a pusher rod having a portion located internally of the tube and die throat. The pusher rod has a narrow lead portion so that as the lead end of the tube length is forced through the die throat, its material flows inwardly to form an inwardly thickened annulus and therefore, the remainder of the pusher rod is located within the die throat and blank so that the blank material flows into the desired wall thickness. Before the tube is completely pushed through the die throat, the pusher rod is removed and the second tube blank is inserted in end to end contact with the trailing end of the first blank.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a stranded cable. The wire stretching step and annealing steps which have been performed independently prior to the twisting step in the field of stranded cable production are combined in the invented apparatus. The rotary element defines an annular space in cooperation with a shoe member such that the cross sectional area of the annular space decreases progressively. The roughened wire guided into the annular space via the shoe member is press molten and subjected to extrusion moulding to obtain a plurality of wires, which in turn are twisted together. Since the stretching and annealing are performed by a single apparatus, shop space conventionally required for device installation is reduced.

Abstract: A sealed heat pipe of uniform cross sectional profile from evaporator to condenser which includes a plurality of capillary channels communicating with a central channel by means of narrow re-entrant groove openings having convergent entrances. A two step method of fabrication includes extruding the re-entrant grooves, then drawing a mandrel through the virgin extrusion.

Abstract: A process for cold forming integral spindle-axle tubes includes placing a tubular blank within an open ended die having an extrusion die throat, and pushing the blank through the die throat with a punch. The punch is formed with a ram portion that applies pressure to the blank for moving it axially through the throat. The punch also has an extension closely fitted within the blank so that as the punch pushes the tube axially, the blank is extruded between the die throat and the extension to form a thin wall tube. After the blank is partially extruded, the punch is removed and a second blank is inserted. This second blank is then located between the punch ram portion and the trailing end of the first blank so that further movement of the punch causes the second blank to push the first blank through the die throat.

Abstract: Manufacture of a light metal shock absorber by impact extrusion of the light metal of a steel-light metal composite blank, wherein the metallic bonding of the composite blank is achieved by coextrusion. The steel component on the bottom face of the light metal shock absorber is provided with a steel ring which is welded or otherwise appropriately joined during or after impact extrusion. Also the light metal sleeve of the shock absorber can, after impact extrusion, be welded or otherwise appropriately joined to light metal.