Abstract: The present invention is one that downsizes an exhaust gas sampling apparatus such as a CVS as well as uniforming temperature of diluted exhaust gas passing through a flow rate controller such as a critical flow venturi, and has a casing formed with a gas introduction port for introducing the diluted exhaust gas and a gas lead-out port for leading out the diluted exhaust gas, in which a temperature regulating mechanism is contained in the casing, the flow rate controller is fluidly connected to the gas lead-out port, and between the gas introduction port and the temperature regulating mechanism, a dispersion structure that disperses the diluted exhaust gas introduced from the gas introduction port is provided.

Abstract: A particulate detection system (1) for detecting the amount of particulates S in a gas under measurement EG includes a detection section (10), a drive circuit (210, 240), and a drive control section (225). The detection section includes a first potential member (31, 12, 13) maintained at a first potential PV1, a second potential member (14, 51, 53) maintained at a second potential PVE, PV3, and an insulating member (121, 77, 76) disposed between the first and second potential members. The system includes insulation test means (215, S3, 245, S5) for testing the degree of insulation between the first and second potential members. The drive control section includes drive permission/prohibition determination means S4, S6 for determining, on the basis of the degree of insulation tested by the insulation test means, whether to permit the drive of the detection section by the drive circuit.

Abstract: A sensor element, which may be used as Lambda probe and/or inside a Lambda probe, for example, is provided for determining at least one physical property of a gas mixture in at least one gas chamber. The sensor element has at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode and at least one solid state electrolyte, which connects the at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode. The at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode are situated inside the sensor element. The at least one second electrode is connected to at least one reference gas chamber via at least one discharge air channel.

Abstract: A particulate matter (PM) sensor unit may include an exhaust line where exhaust gas passes, and a PM sensor that may be disposed at one side of the exhaust line and that generates a signal when particulate matter included in the exhaust gas passes the vicinity thereof, wherein the PM sensor may be an electrostatic induction type that generates an induction charge while the particulate matter having an electric charge passes the vicinity thereof

Abstract: An in situ oxygen analyzer having an intrinsically-safe output and a heated probe is provided. The probe is extendable into a source of process gas and has an oxygen sensor and heater disposed therein. The heater is configured to heat the oxygen sensor to a temperature sufficient to operate the oxygen sensor. A housing is coupled to the probe and has first and second chambers. The first chamber is explosion-rated and includes non-intrinsically safe circuitry coupled to the heater to energize the heater. The second chamber contains only intrinsically-safe circuitry that complies with an intrinsically-safe specification. The first and second chambers are isolated from one another. The non-intrinsically-safe circuitry is coupled to the intrinsically-safe circuitry through an energy-limiting isolator.

Abstract: Components of interest are captured on a resin column from a sample of exhaust gas from an operating vehicle. Makeup air is added to the residual exhaust gas flow exiting the resin column at a junction downstream of the resin column. Makeup air flow rate is determined using a laminar flow element and pressure and temperature gauges associated therewith. The sample and the makeup air are drawn together through a blower and the flow rate through the blower is calculated based on differential pressure across the blower and temperature of the gas drawn through the blower. The controller adjusts a proportional control valve in the makeup air line to regulate the sample flow rate, taken as the blower flow rate minus the makeup air flow rate, at a predetermined proportion of the exhaust gas flow rate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for testing ignition properties of particles in a gas. Systems include a test chamber sized to hold a particle to be tested, a gas supply configured to deliver a gas to the test chamber, a heating device configured to heat the particle, and data acquisition equipment configured to collect data associated with the particle and/or the gas. Methods include generating a flow of gas around a particle that is fixed in space relative to the flow of gas in a test chamber, heating the particle and/or heating the gas, and collecting data associated with the particle and/or the gas.

Abstract: A system is disclosed, including: a plurality of Bragg gratings distributed in positions transversely to the direction of flow of an exhaust gas in an exhaust gas channel of the device; an optical wave guide structure including at least one optical wave guide and in which the Bragg gratings are embodied; a heating device arranged adjacently to the Bragg gratings and through which the Bragg gratings are subjected to heat, or a cooling device arranged adjacently to the Bragg gratings, through which the Bragg gratings are subjected to cold; at least one light source for irradiating light into the optical wave guide structure; and at least one signal processing device which determines, from light backscattered from Bragg gratings in the optical wave guide structure against its original direction of diffusion, the speed of the flow of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Methods are provided for estimating the NOx content of exhaust gas produced by an internal combustion engine. The method includes determining one or more operating parameters. The method further includes applying the determined operating parameter(s) to a global NOx model. The global NOx model may be derived using a plurality of steady state data points relating to local NOx emission models. The steady state data points may be derived using a plurality of set and variable operating parameters. The global NOx model allows for prediction of the engine-out NOx content of exhaust gas in real time and without a NOx sensor, even if engine operating parameters change.

Abstract: The invention relates to A sensor end module, comprising: a sensor cap having a first connecting element and a sensorially active element for contact with a medium; and a memory module, comprising: a housing having a second connecting element, wherein the second connecting element enters into a shape- and/or force interlocking connection with the first connecting element; a memory element, wherein the memory element contains information concerning the sensorially active element the memory element is arranged in or on the housing; a first communication interface for sending and/or receiving information and/or data, and wherein the first communication interface is in electrical contact with the memory element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a sensor and a measuring system.

Abstract: A method for detecting the number of particles in the exhaust gas of combustion engines, wherein a value that is characteristic for the quantity of the particles is determined, for example, in form of the blackening of a filter or determination of the concentration, wherein, furthermore, the suction time and/or the suction volume of the exhaust gas are measured, and wherein, if necessary, the blackening rate is calculated, based on the characteristic value and the suction time and/or the suction volume by way of a first conversion function, wherein the number of particles is determined based on the characteristic value, the suction time and/or the suction volume as well as the data of the first conversion function by way of a second conversion function.

Abstract: A mist-containing gas analysis device comprises a measuring instrument that measures a pressure, a temperature, a flow rate and water content of a combustion exhaust gas, a collection container, a sampling tube and a guide tube through which the combustion exhaust gas is suctioned by a suction blower, and is sampled and fed into a collection liquid in the collection container, an arithmetic and control device that controls the suction blower such that a suction velocity of the combustion exhaust gas being suctioned by the suction blower is within a predetermined ratio with respect to a combustion exhaust gas flow velocity which is calculated based on the measured values, liquid aliquot taking means for taking an aliquot of the liquid in the collection container, and a measuring device that measures a concentration of the measurement-target substance in the aliquot of the liquid taken by the liquid aliquot taking means.

Abstract: A method for detecting a proportion of at least one gas species in a measurement gas space. A sensor element is used, having an oxygen reduction pumping cell for concentration of the gas species, a pumping cell connected downstream of the oxygen reduction pumping cell having pumping electrodes, and a gas-tight chamber. A pumping electrode may be exposed to gas from the measurement gas space which has been concentrated by the oxygen reduction pumping cell. A further pumping electrode is disposed in the gas-tight chamber. At least one measuring electrode is further disposed in the gas-tight chamber. The oxygen reduction pumping cell and the pumping cell are galvanically isolated. The method includes an initialization phase, and an accumulation phase.

Abstract: A protector (100) of a gas sensor (1) includes an inner protector (120) and an outer protector (110). The inner protector accommodates a gas sensor element (10) and has a tubular side wall (122) having inner gas introduction holes (130), and a bottom wall (124). The outer protector has a tubular side wall (112) having outer gas introduction holes (115), a frustum-like taper wall (117) tapering frontward and an outer gas discharge hole (170) formed inside a front end edge (117s) of the taper wall. When SL represents an area defined by the front end edge of the taper wall, the area S of the opening of the outer gas discharge hole satisfies the relational expression ½×SL?S?SL. A cover portion (127) and a bottom wall (124) are partially away from each other along the axial direction, thereby forming side openings (162).

Abstract: A sensor element for determining at least one physical property of a gas in a measuring gas chamber, particularly for determining an oxygen concentration in an exhaust gas. The sensor element includes at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode, and at least one solid electrolyte connecting the first electrode and the second electrode. The second electrode is situated on the inside of the sensor element and is able to have gas from the measuring gas chamber applied to it via at least one gas access hole and at least one diffusion barrier. At least partially gas-impermeable cover layer is provided on the diffusion barrier, at least from area to area. The gas access hole has at least one chamfer in the vicinity of the cover layer.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a housing having disposed therein a membrane electrode assembly comprising a sensing electrode, a counter electrode, and a polymer membrane disposed between the sensing electrode and the counter electrode. The polymer membrane comprises an ionic liquid retained therein. The sensor also includes a catalyst support that can be stable in a range of potentials to allow for detection mode and catalyst regeneration mode to be operative. The sensor further includes a circuitry and algorithm to implement the catalyst regeneration mechanism electrochemically. The sensor further includes a chamber for reference gas to which the counter electrode is exposed, and a chamber for test gas to which a gas to be tested is exposed. The sensor also includes a pathway for test gas to enter the chamber and a measured electrical circuit connecting the sensing electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas-monitoring assembly (100) and method for selectively determining the presence of a target gas in a gaseous environment that potentially comprises one or more interfering gases. Such gas-monitoring assembly and method specifically employ one or more gas sensors (S1) one or more getters (G1) arranged and constructed to reduce cross-interference caused by potential presence of the interfering gases in such gaseous environment to be monitored. The gas-monitoring assembly and method of the present invention are capable of monitoring a gaseous environment with respect to potential presence of multiple target gases that may interfere with one another.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sensor device for recording a concentration of at least one exhaust gas component in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes at least one exhaust gas sensor with intrinsic signal amplification. The at least one exhaust gas sensor records the concentration of at least one exhaust gas component.

Abstract: A system including a nitrogen oxide sensor and a controller is provided. The nitrogen oxide sensor is configured to generate a first signal indicative of nitrogen oxides content in an exhaust gas. The controller is communicably coupled to the nitrogen oxide sensor. The controller configured to receive the first signal indicative of nitrogen oxides content in the exhaust gas. The controller is also configured to receive a second signal corresponding to an operational parameter of a power source. Further, the controller is configured to compare a derivative of the first signal with a derivative of the second signal. The controller is configured to trigger an error counter when an absolute value of the compared derivative crosses a predetermined threshold. Thereafter, the controller is configured to determine a condition of the nitrogen oxide sensor based on a count of the error counter in a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: The present invention provides, as one aspect, a gas sensor element including a solid electrolytic substance having a bottomed cylindrical shape and oxygen ion conductivity, a reference electrode arranged on an inner side surface of the solid electrolytic substance, a measuring electrode arranged on an outer side surface of the solid electrolytic substance, and a protective layer which covers the outer side surface of the solid electrolytic substance together with the measuring electrode and which allows gas to be measured to pass through the protective layer, wherein an end side of the gas sensor element is formed of a leg portion whose profile line is straight on an axial cross section and a bottom portion whose profile line is curved, and the film thickness of the protective layer of the bottom portion is larger than the film thickness of the protective layer of the leg portion.

Abstract: The present invention is one that is, in an exhaust gas analyzing apparatus used together with a CVS mechanism, adapted to be able to make an analysis with high accuracy, and an analyzing mechanism is provided with: a target component concentration meter that measures a moisture-influenced concentration related value that is a value related to concentration of a measuring target component in a state of being influenced by moisture; and a moisture concentration meter that measures a moisture concentration related value that is a value related to concentration of the moisture, and adapted to, on the basis of the moisture concentration related value, eliminate the influence of the moisture from the moisture-influenced concentration related value to calculate each of the first concentration related value and the second concentration related value.

Abstract: A handheld sized combustion gas sampling analyzer having a gas sample collecting means, an in-line water trap and particulate filter, at least one removable sensor module, with each of the sensor modules adapted to receive at least one sensor chip, and circuitry adapted to receive sensing information from the sensor module and sensor chip thereon.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas sensor, particularly a lambda probe, for determining the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine that is operated using a fuel-air mixture. Said gas sensor comprises a pump cell with an outer electrode that is exposed to the exhaust gas, an inner electrode located in a measuring chamber which is separated from the exhaust gas by means of a first diffusion barrier, and an electronic circuit for generating a voltage applied between the outer electrode and the inner electrode as well as for measuring and evaluating a pump current that is generated in said process in order to draw a conclusion therefrom about the composition of the fuel-air mixture.

Abstract: A method and a sensor for detecting a target gas by laser spectroscopy using a laser or a laser diode having a monochrome emission wavelength that can be modulated by varying the operating temperature or the operating current. The wavelength range of the target gas comprises a first modulation of the laser or the laser diode over a first large modulation width, in addition to at least two absorption lines of a reference gas and at least one absorption line of the target gas. The absorption lines are used to calibrate the wavelength scale of the laser or the laser diode in relation to the varied operating temperature or operating current, a second modulation of the laser or the laser diode being performed over a second small modulation width, with the at least one absorption line of the target gas, for detecting the target gas.

Abstract: A gas sensor including a reduction section (18) for reducing NO2 contained in exhaust gas to NO. The reduction section (18) is provided on the upstream side of a first diffusion resistor section (103) which limits the flow of the exhaust gas into a first measurement chamber (101). When NOX passes through the first diffusion resistor section (103), NO2 which has a greater molecular weight than NO has a lower degree of diffusion. Since NO2 is reduced to NO at the reduction section (18), the exhaust gas passing through the first diffusion resistor section (103) hardly contains NO2. Therefore, the speed of flow of NOX through the first diffusion resistor section (103) is not limited by NO2, whereby sensitivity for detection of NOX can be improved.

Abstract: A combustible gas sensor includes at least a first sensing element comprising a first conductive element having, for example, an average diameter less than 20 ?m in electrical connection with electronic circuitry. The combustible gas sensor further includes a first support element having a first anchored end, a second anchored end and an extending intermediate section between the first anchored end and the second anchored end, the extending intermediate section providing support for the first conductive element. Another combustible gas sensor includes a first sensing element and a second sensing element. The first sensing element includes a first catalyst support member having a volume less than a sphere having a diameter of 500 ?m. The second sensing element includes a second catalyst support member having a volume less than a sphere having a diameter of 500 ?m.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor comprises an insulating body and a pair of electrodes disposed apart form each other on a main surface of the insulating body. The insulating body includes an insulating portion being equal to or higher than the height of the pair of the electrodes in a direction perpendicular to the main surface, formed on the part where the pair of the electrodes are. In one of the methods for manufacturing the particulate matter sensor, first, an electrode pattern composed of a material for the pair of the electrodes is formed on a body material composing the insulating body, and a mask, having identical pattern of the electrode pattern and composed of material which vaporizes at a temperature equal to or lower than a temperature that the electrode pattern is sintered, is formed on the electrode pattern. A thin film of the material composing the insulating portion is formed, and the electrode pattern and the thin film is sintered to form the electrodes and the insulating portion.

Abstract: A hydrogen detection system can include an exposed detection element made of a catalytic metal which burns hydrogen so as to generate combustion heat. A hydrogen sensor can detect a hydrogen concentration based on a detected value of the detection element. A heating unit can heat the detection element. A hydrogen storage unit is included, and a hydrogen guiding pipe can guide the hydrogen from the hydrogen storage unit to the detection element. A flow rate adjusting device is attached to the hydrogen guiding pipe, and adjusts a flow rate of the hydrogen. A first dilution unit can dilute the hydrogen from the hydrogen storage unit with a dilution gas, and a controller can control the heating unit and the flow rate adjusting device.

Abstract: A system for taking an exhaust gas sample includes a first exhaust gas channel fluidically connected to a first exhaust gas source via a first exhaust gas inlet. A first air channel with a first air filter is configured to suck in ambient air. The first exhaust gas channel meets the first air channel in a first mixing zone, where a first exhaust gas is mixed with the ambient air to obtain a diluted exhaust gas/air mixture. A second exhaust gas channel is fluidically connected to a second exhaust gas source via a second exhaust gas inlet, and a second mixing zone. A control device and a measurement device are configured to respectively control and measure mass flows. The diluted exhaust gas/air mixture flows either from the first exhaust gas source or from the second exhaust gas source into the dilution tunnel and to at least one sampling probe.

Abstract: A gas-sensing element configured to measure a concentration of a specific component of a gas is mounted to a first circuit board which includes a driving circuit configured to drive the gas-sensing element. A moisture-proof material is disposed over at least one side of the first circuit board disposed in a tubular gas-sensing element case fixed to a sensor case. A gas-sensing chamber is defined by the first circuit board and an inner tubular surface of the gas-sensing element case, and opens at an open end of the gas-sensing element case to receive the gas to be monitored. A second circuit board which includes a control circuit configured to control the gas-sensing element via the driving circuit is fixed to a sensor case, and disposed in a position separate from the gas-sensing chamber such that the second circuit board is kept out of contact with the gas to be monitored.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that include adjusting a pressure level of a sample gas in a testing chamber, for example, using a pressurized inert reference gas, and determining a composition of the adjusted sample gas. By adjusting the pressure level of the sample gas, the composition of the sample gas may be determined more accurately than otherwise possible. Numerous other aspects are disclosed.

Abstract: A sensor body of an electrochemical gas sensor having no water reservoir is housed in a metal can including a sensing electrode on one surface of a proton-conducting membrane or a separator retaining an electrolyte and a counter electrode on the opposite surface thereof. The counter electrode is supported by and electrically connected to the metal can via a connecting member. The sensing electrode is connected to a diffusion control plate with the sensing electrode-side ring member, and the ring member is conductive and includes a hole at a center thereof that is connected to a hole of the diffusion control plate.

Abstract: In order to make it possible to conduct a measurement of an adsorbent gas on a real time basis under various conditions by decreasing a response delay during the measurement of the adsorbent gas, an adsorbent gas analysis device comprises a gas measurement mechanism that measures a value relating to a volume of the adsorbent gas flowing in a gas pipe and a gas injection mechanism that injects a predetermined volume of the adsorbent injection gas into the gas pipe from a point locating in an upstream side of a measurement point where the gas measurement mechanism measures the adsorbent gas at least while the gas measurement mechanism is measuring the adsorbent gas.

Abstract: An apparatus and method estimate fluid mass in a cryogenic tank that holds a multiphase fluid comprising a liquid and a vapor. The apparatus comprises a level sensor, a pressure sensor and a computer. The level sensor provides a parameter representative of a level of the liquid. The pressure sensor provides a pressure signal representative of vapor pressure inside the cryogenic tank. The computer is operatively connected with the level sensor and the pressure sensor to receive the parameter and the pressure signal, and is programmed to determine the level from inputs comprising the parameter, to calculate a first volume of the liquid from inputs comprising the level, and to calculate a first mass of the liquid from inputs comprising the first volume and the pressure signal.

Abstract: The present invention is provided with a control device that sets a split flow ratio that is a ratio of the flow rate of the diluted exhaust gas to be sampled through a diluted exhaust gas sampling flow path to a flow rate of a diluted exhaust gas flowing through a CVS, wherein the control device uses the flow rate (QCVS) of the diluted exhaust gas flowing through the CVS or a value (TCVS or PCVS) related to the flow rate (QCVS) of the diluted exhaust gas to set the split flow ratio (Qsamp/QCVS) so as to make a flow velocity (Vfilter) of the diluted exhaust gas flowing into an analytical device equal to a predetermined value.

Abstract: A simplified method for measuring a first property and a second property of an exhaust gas mixture utilizing a first sensor cross-sensitive to a first property and a second property of an exhaust gas mixture, and a second sensor sensitive to the first property, but not to the second property of the exhaust gas mixture. Direct differential measurement between the two sensors quantifies the concentrations of the first property and second property of the exhaust gas mixture.

Abstract: A simplified method for measuring a first property and a second property of an exhaust gas mixture utilizing two sensors manufactured for the purpose of measuring a first property, being cross-sensitive to the second property with an absorber of the second property being placed between two of the sensors in the exhausting circuit of the exhaust gas mixture. Direct differential measurement between the two sensors quantify the concentrations of the first and second property.

Abstract: A method of processing a sensor element includes the steps of: (a) preparing a gas atmosphere containing hydrocarbon, having an air-fuel ratio of 0.80 to 0.9999, and having a small amount of oxidizing gas added thereto; and (b) subjecting a sensor element to a heat treatment in the gas atmosphere at a temperature of 500° C. or higher for 15 minutes or longer. The sensor element includes an electrochemical pumping cell constituted of an oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte and an electrode having a NOx reduction ability. A NOx gas in a measurement gas is reduced or decomposed in the electrode. A NOx concentration in the measurement gas is obtained based on a current which flows in the electrochemical pumping cell at a time of the reduction or decomposition.

Abstract: A method for measuring and/or calibrating a gas sensor for determining oxygenic gas components in gas mixtures in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The gas sensor has one internal pump electrode IPE, one external pump electrode APE and one decomposition electrode NOE. The measurement and/or calibration may be carried out during the ongoing operation of the gas sensor by removing the gas component and/or oxygen from one of the chambers, by introducing oxygen in a controlled manner into one of the chambers with the aid of electrochemical pumping processes. The changes caused by the introduced oxygen are measured against an additional electrode and the gas sensor may be measured and/or calibrated using the measured values.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an apparatus is disclosed for diagnosing a condition of a component of an exhaust aftertreatment system in exhaust receiving communication with an internal combustion engine where the exhaust aftertreatment system includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst. The diagnostic module is configured to determine a normalized tailpipe nitrogen-oxide NOx value based on a tailpipe NOx sensor signal and a ratio of an SCR inlet ammonia (NH3) flow rate to an SCR inlet NOx flow rate. The apparatus also includes a component condition module configured to determine a condition of the component based on the normalized tailpipe NOx value.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sampling and analysis system includes a main flow channel in which a flow restriction mechanism and a first suction pump are arranged; a measurement flow channel in which an exhaust gas analysis device is provided and that extends from the main flow channel at a position downstream of the flow restriction mechanism; and a compensation flow channel in which a flow rate adjustment mechanism is provided and that extends from the main flow channel at a position downstream of the point from which the measurement flow channel extends. The first suction pump further reduces the pressure of the exhaust gas. The flow rate adjustment mechanism adjusts, in order that the pressure of the exhaust gas at the point from which the measurement flow channel extends is a predetermined value, the flow rate of the compensation gas.

Abstract: In order to make it possible to sensitively detect adsorptive gas even in the presence of a small amount of contamination that significantly influences adsorptive gas measurement, a gas injecting mechanism that injects adsorptive injection gas into a flow path through which sample gas is flowed, a gas measuring mechanism that can measure a value related to quantity of the adsorptive gas flowing through the flow path, and a contamination determining part that determines contamination in the flow path on the basis of a value related to a measurement response speed of the gas measuring mechanism to the adsorptive gas are provided.

Abstract: A measurement method capable of accurately evaluating the trapped amount of particulate matter (PM) accumulated in a diesel particulate filter (DPF) is provided. The method for measuring the amount of accumulated particulate matter comprises propagating ultrasonic waves generated by a transmitter 3 provided directly to the DPF or outside a container and insulation material 6 having a property that propagates ultrasonic waves, measuring the amount of PM accumulated in the DPF 2 using a receiver 4, the DPF being composed of porous ceramic and disposed at an intermediate point in the exhaust pipe 1 of a diesel engine, and determining the amount of accumulated PM on the basis of the results.

Abstract: A gas sensor in one form comprises a housing including a base and a top defining an interior space. The housing includes a gas entry hole and first and second electrical terminals. First and second electrodes in the housing interior space each comprise a membrane having a layer of platinum black catalyst on one side. The second electrode includes a lower amount of platinum black catalyst than the first electrode. A separator is placed between the first and second electrodes. Current collectors electrically connect the first and second electrodes to the respective first and second electrical terminals whereby sensor current represents concentration of gas while minimizing cross sensitivity.

Abstract: A gas sensor (100) includes an oxygen pump cell (135) and an oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) laminated together with a spacer (145) interposed therebetween. The spacer (145) has a gas detection chamber (145c) which faces electrodes (137, 152) of the cells (135, 150). The oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) produces an output voltage corresponding to the concentration of oxygen in the gas detection chamber (145c). The oxygen pump cell (135) pumps oxygen into and out of the measurement chamber (145c) such that the output voltage of the oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) becomes equal to a predetermined target voltage. A leakage portion mainly formed of zirconia is disposed between which electrically connects the oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) and the oxygen pump cell (135).

Abstract: A particle monitoring method of monitoring particles included in an exhaust gas from a depressurized processing vessel 12 includes counting the particles included in the exhaust gas from the depressurized processing vessel 12 while cleaning an inside of the depressurized processing vessel 12 by a particle monitor 18; creating a histogram showing a time and the number of particles from a result of the counting of the particles; extracting, from the histogram, a first feature amount indicating a correlation between a mode of the number of the particles and a particle counting period; and extracting, from the histogram, a second feature amount indicating a correlation between the particle counting period and a distribution tendency of the particles during the particle counting period.

Abstract: A gas sensor (200) includes a gas sensor element (10) extending in the direction of an axis O, and a housing (50) made of metal, radially surrounding the gas sensor element, and adapted for inserting at least partially into a sensor-mounting hole (350) of a mounting body (300). The gas sensor (200) further includes a resin member (60, 61) which radially surrounds the housing at least partially and having a contact portion (C) in contact with the housing that is at least partially disposed axially frontward with respect to the outer surface of the mounting body (300) around the sensor-mounting hole, and a heat sink member (80) that is in contact with the housing at an axial position the same as or located frontward of the axial position of the front end of the contact portion.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor unit including a sensor on one side of an exhaust line and configured to employ an electrostatic induction for generating electric charges by a particulate matter contained in an exhaust gas when the particulate matter passes the sensor. The sensor includes a body portion, an electrode portion formed in a front of the body portion on one side of the front and adjacent to the particulate matter, a heating portion in a rear of the body portion on one side of the rear corresponding to the electrode portion, a power input portion in the rear of the body portion on the other side of the rear and to supply a power to the heating portion, and connection lines to connect the power input portion to the heating portion, which use the supplied power to generate heat for burning and removing the particulate matter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a gas sensor including a nanopore electrode and a fluorine compound coated on the nanopore electrode, and also relates to a preparing method of the gas sensor.

Abstract: A method for operating at least one sensor element for detecting at least one property of a gas in a measured-gas space is described. The method comprises at least the following steps: at least one first step, in the first step at least one parameter being ascertained; at least one second step, in the second step the parameter being compared with at least one comparison value, in accordance with that comparison at least one feature being allocated to the sensor element or to at least one part of the sensor element. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also described.