Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an in-situ temperature control platform, including an independent sample holder, a sample holder fixing cartridge, a customized sample stage and an anode contact pin. The independent sample holder includes a sample loading spot and a sample holder grip. The sample holder fixing cartridge includes a fixing cartridge body, the fixing cartridge body is provided with a sample holder slot, the bottom surface of the sample holder slot is provided with a heating element slot, and the sample holder slot is aligned with the sample loading spot. The bottom surface of the heating element slot is provided with a heating element fixing pinhole. The customized sample stage includes a sample stage body, the sample stage body is provided with a heating element support, and the heating element support is provided with a heating element.

Abstract: A circulation device causes gas to circulate between a sample storage space and a temperature adjustment space through the first and second opening regions in a separating member. A temperature of gas flowing in the temperature adjustment space is adjusted by a heat exchanger, so that the temperature of gas surrounding a sample in the sample storage space is adjusted. The separating member further has first and second unit regions. The second opening region includes a first portion located in the first unit region and a second portion located in the second unit region. The shortest distance between the first portion and the first opening region is larger than the shortest distance between the second portion and the first opening region, and an aperture ratio of the first portion in the first unit region is larger than an aperture ratio of the second portion in the second unit region.

Abstract: A system is provided for transporting, handling and monitoring samples in a temperature-controlled storage environment. The system includes a handheld carrier configured to transfer samples to and from a temperature-controlled storage station and a temperature-controlled container for receiving and housing one or more carriers. The carrier includes an integrated sample identification and temperature sensing capability configured to monitor a thermal history of one or more samples during transport, handling and storage including as the samples are conveyed between the temperature-controlled storage environment and the temperature-controlled container. That is, the carrier is adapted to be held in the hand during use. A carrier for conveying and monitoring samples during transport, handling and storage is also provided.

Abstract: A sampling tube bundle includes a tube bundle body and a joint assembly. The tube bundle body includes a gas sampling tube for transmitting sampling gas; a metal woven layer wrapping an outer circumference of the gas sampling tube; a heating pad comprising a heat tracing cable wrapping an outer circumference of the metal woven layer, for heating the sampling gas in the gas sampling tube; a flame resistant tape wound around an outer circumference of the of the heating pad; a plurality of signal transmission lines circumferentially spaced apart from one another are arranged outside the flame resistant tape; and a sheath located outside the signal transmission line. The joint assembly is arranged on an end of the tube bundle body, for connecting to an analysis device or a sampling device.

Abstract: A sample temperature adjustment device includes a temperature control space for controlling a temperature of a sample by containing the sample inside, a heat insulating layer enclosing the temperature control space so that the temperature control space is thermally separated from outside air of the sample temperature adjustment device, a cooling part for cooling the temperature control space, a heat transfer plate covering at least a part of outer surfaces of the heat insulating layer, and a heater that heats the heat transfer plate to prevent dew condensation on a surface of the heat transfer plate.

Abstract: Direct tank liquid sampling device (1) comprising a plurality of inlet lines (2) to supply a liquid of a liquid tank stock (3) to a main collector (7); a pump (4) configured to circulate a collected liquid in the device (1); a packing section (6); a main piping (19, 20, 21) fluidly coupling the main collector (7) and the packing section (6) for supplying the packing section (6) with a portion of said collected liquid; an in-line measuring instrument (5) fluidly coupled to the main piping ((19, 20, 21) in an intermediate position between the main collector (7) and the packing section (6), said in-line measuring instrument (5) being configured for measuring one or more of the following liquid parameters: density, viscosity, temperature, electrical conductivity, or sulphur content.

Abstract: A sample pre-compression valve for liquid chromatography applications is described. The valve enables a sample pre-compression while the solvent pump continues to conduct solvent to the chromatography column. Furthermore, the sample pre-compression valve includes an INJECT position, a LOAD position and a PUMP PURGE position, in which all connecting grooves of the valve are flushed with liquid. A use of the sample pre-compression valve is described as part of a sampler for liquid chromatography applications.

Abstract: An opening sealing structure is provided with a housing, a step portion, a seal cap, an elastic sealing member, and a cap fixture. The housing has a cap mounting portion having a a cylindrical shape. The step portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cap mounting portion and has a side surface facing the base end side of the cap mounting portion. The side surface of the step portion is inclined along the circumferential direction of the cap mounting portion from the tip end side of the cap mounting portion to the base end side and its inclination angle is smaller on the base end side of the cap mounting portion than on the tip end side. The cap fixture has a cap holding portion movably engaged with the seal cap in a circumferential direction of its outer peripheral surface and an elastic portion connected to the cap holding portion. The elastic portion is provided with a protrusion which engages the side surface of the step portion.

Abstract: A vaporizer device and associated methodology for providing accurate sampling through substantially efficient, complete and uniform single pass vaporization of a liquid sample by avoiding liquid pre-vaporization and downtime attributable to system damage from incomplete vaporization, particularly in the distribution, transportation, and custody transfer of natural gas. The vaporizer device includes at least one input port for receiving a liquid sample, a channel for directing the liquid to a vaporizer core and a heating assembly within the vaporizer core configured to flash vaporize the liquid sample. The vaporized sample can then be passed to an outlet for sample analysis.

Abstract: A sampling system including a probe having at least one sorbent trap disposed in a fluid passage that receives and delivers a sample gas, and an in-line temperature measurement located within the fluid passage of the probe. The in-line temperature measurement may be provided by a temperature measurement device having a thermal sensing portion located proximate to, or at, the sorbent trap for providing a more accurate temperature measurement of the trap during sampling of the gas. The sampling system includes a controller configured to receive a signal corresponding to the temperature measured by the thermal sensing portion within the fluid passage, in which the controller may be configured to control the temperature of the sorbent trap based upon the temperature signal.

Abstract: Methods and devices for the formation and/or merging of droplets in microfluidic systems are provided. In certain embodiments a microfluidic droplet merger component is provided that comprises a central channel comprising a plurality of elements disposed and spaced to create a plurality of lateral passages that drain a carrier fluid out of a fluid stream comprising droplets of a first fluid contained in the carrier fluid; and a deformable lateral membrane valve disposed to control the width of said center channel.

Abstract: An instrument system for acid digestion is disclosed. The instrument includes a heating block, a reaction vessel formed of a polymer that is resistant to acid and other chemical attack at temperatures above 150° C. and that has a structure (thickness, etc.) sufficient to withstand pressures above atmospheric, a metal sleeve surrounding the polymeric reaction vessel, and an opening in the block that has a cross-section corresponding to the cross-section of the metal sleeve.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of scientific drilling technologies, and provides a deep rock in-situ active thermal-insulation coring device and thermal-insulation coring method thereof. The coring device comprises an in-situ coring system and an in-situ truth-preserving moving system, the in-situ coring system comprises a driving module, a coring module and a thermal insulation module, and the in-situ truth-preserving moving system comprises a truth-preserving chamber storage module and a mechanical arm; the thermal insulation module comprises a coring truth-preserving chamber and a temperature regulation control system, the truth-preserving chamber storage module comprises a storage truth-preserving chamber and a temperature balance control system, the mechanical arm is mounted in the storage truth-preserving chamber, and the coring truth-preserving chamber and the storage truth-preserving chamber are mutually butted.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, devices, and systems for loading and retrieval of particles. In some embodiments, a loading station comprise a tray configured to receive a microwell array, a first magnet, a second magnet, and an actuation mechanism configured to cause movement of at least one of the first magnet and the second magnet.

Abstract: A vaporizer device and associated methodology for providing accurate sampling through substantially efficient, complete and uniform single pass vaporization of a liquid sample by avoiding liquid pre-vaporization and downtime attributable to system damage from incomplete vaporization, particularly in the distribution, transportation, and custody transfer of natural gas. The vaporizer device includes at least one input port for receiving a liquid sample, a channel for directing the liquid to a vaporizer core and a heating assembly within the vaporizer core configured to flash vaporize the liquid sample. The vaporized sample can then be passed to an outlet for sample analysis.

Abstract: An example implementation of the subject matter described within this disclosure is a thermowell with the following features. A body has a closed end, an open end, an outer surface, and defining an interior cavity starting prior to the closed end and terminating at the open end. The outer surface defines dimples that reduce vibration in response to vortex shedding.

Abstract: An environmental test chamber, and method of testing a response of a unit-under-test to treated air, includes a housing having an enclosing wall defining a test bay with an access opening in the wall providing access to the test bay and a closure selectively covering the opening. An airflow plenum supplies treated air to the test bay. An air treatment system treating air flowing through the plenum. A control operates the air treatment system to flow treated air through the plenum in two selective modes. The air treatment system flows treated air in a first flow direction through the test bay in one of the modes and flows air in a second flow direction through the test bay in a second of the modes. The first and second flow directions are different from each other.

Abstract: An insertion probe adapter for fluid sample extraction from a pipeline for mounting of an overlying housing element is illustrated and described. The invention permits disengagement of an insertion probe from the body of the probe adapter without disassembling the body from the pipeline and without disassembling the overlying housing element from the body.

Abstract: A sample injector for chromatography 10 where air or moisture can be prevented from getting mixed in when a sample is injected is provided with a syringe 11, a syringe drive unit 13, a turret 12 in which sample vials 4 are placed, a turret drive unit 14, and a control unit 30 that controls the syringe and turret drive units 13 and 14. The configuration includes a housing 15 having a gas introduction port 15a and a gas discharge port 15b that communicate with the inner space, where the syringe 11 sucks a sample from a sample vial 4, the sucked sample is injected into the sample vaporizing chamber 23 in a chromatograph 20, and a predetermined gas is introduced through the gas introduction port 15a, and at the same time, a predetermined gas is discharged through the gas discharge port 15b when a sample is analyzed.

Abstract: An emission detection system an enclosed combustion device stack is disclosed. The detection system has a sampling line having a first end exposed to a combusted gas passing through the stack exit port, to receive an undiluted gas sample from the stack exit port. The detection system has an electrostatic particulate matter sensor coupled to a second end of the sampling line, the second end positioned lower than and downstream of the first end, to analyze the undiluted gas sample. The detection system has an exhaust outlet coupled to and downstream of the electrostatic particulate matter sensor, to receive the undiluted gas sample from the electrostatic particulate matter sensor and feed the undiluted gas sample to the primary gas intake line upstream of the enclosed combustion device stack burner.

Abstract: A system and method for collecting a core sample. The system includes an outer cylindrical tube, a drive head, a drive shoe, a cooling chamber housed inside the outer cylindrical tube, insulation, a core sample liner, an inlet tube, and outlet tube. The drive shoe further comprises a first, second, and third step, the first step configured to receive the insulation, the second step configured to receive the cooling chamber, the third step configured to receive the core sample liner, wherein the first step has a diameter larger than the second step and the second step has a diameter larger than the third step. The method includes drilling a hole in the ground with a drilling tool, enclosing a core sample by a core sample liner, freezing the core sample via a cooling liquid, retrieving the drilling tool at a surface of the ground, and removing the core sample encased in the core sample liner from the cooling chamber.

Abstract: In certain embodiments this invention provides a pulsed-laser triggered microfluidic switching mechanism that can achieve a switching time of 70 ?s. This switching speed is two orders of magnitude shorter than that of the fastest switching mechanism utilized in previous ?FACS.

Abstract: A rotary lance drive for moving a lance during the injecting of gas and/or reagents into molten metal.

Abstract: An insertion probe adapter for fluid sample extraction from a pipeline for mounting of an overlying housing element is illustrated and described. The invention permits disengagement of an insertion probe from the body of the probe adapter without disassembling the body from the pipeline and without disassembling the overlying housing element from the body.

Abstract: A system for preparing samples for chemical analysis comprises at least one sample container, and a container receptacle apparatus for receiving the sample container. The sample container comprises an elongate tubular body having a crucible portion proximal to a closed end for receiving a sample therein, and an expansion portion proximal to an open end. The container receptacle apparatus comprising a housing having a heating compartment, a cooling compartment spaced apart from the heating compartment, and an insulating region located between the heating compartment and the cooling compartment. The heating compartment is shaped to receive the crucible portion of the sample container, and the cooling compartment is shaped to receive the expansion portion of the sample container. The apparatus also includes a heating mechanism for heating the sample within the crucible portion of the sample container, and a cooling mechanism for cooling the expansion portion of the sample container.

Abstract: The apparatus disclosed herein pertains to the detection of trace explosives or narcotics detection. The apparatus comprises the front-end particle dislodge and sample intake portion of a chemical trace detection system utilizing aerodynamic flow as a transport mechanism whereby compounds indicative of explosives or narcotics contamination are liberated from target surfaces of foot or footwear and then transported by air flow to a sample accumulation feature for chemical analysis. The apparatus is intended for inclusion with additional components, such as an efficient pre-concentrator, a thermal desorption unit, and a chemical analyzer/detector to achieve a complete trace detection system.

Abstract: A method for operating a gas sampling probe includes removing a gas to be analyzed from a process space in the region of a front end of a gas sampling tube and conducting it through the gas sampling tube as far as a rear end and, in the process, cooling it by passing cooling air between the gas sampling tube and at least one outer casing enclosing the gas sampling tube. The cooling air is fed and discharged at the rear end of the gas sampling tube and the temperature of the gas to be analyzed is higher in the region of the front end of the gas sampling tube than the temperature of the fed cooling air, and the gas sampling probe emits outward, wherein the temperature of the fed cooling air is higher than the temperature of the discharged cooling air.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting microplate well surface contact and setting standoff is provided. The apparatus may include a sample probe, coupled to a spring-loaded carriage, and a sensor configured to detect when the sample probe is in contact with a surface. The sample probe is moved toward a surface of a well in a well-plate until the sample end of the sample probe contacts the surface, whereby the carriage allows the probe to be displaced. Displacement of the probe is detected by the sensor and further downward movement of the carriage is stopped. A processor records the location of the sample probe and sets standoff based on the recorded location.

Abstract: Provided herein is a solar powered system for a gas sampling and analysis for placement and operation remote from conventional infra-structure that utilizes a minimum of power to obtain a sample extracted from a source such as a pipeline or well-head, conditions the extracted sample, transmits the conditioned sample through vacuum jacketed tubing to an analyzer while maintaining the sample at a temperature and pressure preventing phase transition, condensation or component partitioning.

Abstract: The present invention is one that can, with suppressing moisture from condensing, easily set a dilution ratio to that enabling measurement accuracy to be improved, and provided with a constant volume sampling part that samples mixed gas that is controlled to have a constant flow rate, wherein the constant volume sampling part is provided with: a main flow path that is connected with an exhaust gas flow path and a diluent gas flow path, and intended to flow the mixed gas that is a mixture of exhaust gas and diluent gas; a constant flow rate mechanism that is configured to control a flow rate of the mixed gas to the constant flow rate; and a moisture detecting part that is provided on an upstream side of the constant flow rate mechanism to detect moisture in the mixed gas or the diluent gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sampling unit for the concentrates preparation device. The unit comprises a base body, a movable rod, a limiting pin, a sampling chamber, a sampling bore, an axle sleeve and an isobaric chamber. The sampling chamber passes through the upper and lower surfaces of the base body, the isobaric chamber is a cylindrical blind bore, the isobaric chamber passes through the front surface of the base body and passes through the front and back surfaces of the sampling chamber. The axle sleeve has an interference fitting with the isobaric chamber, the movable rod hermetically slidingly mates with the axle sleeve, the head and tail ends of the gas permeable passage respectively communicate with the isobaric chamber and the outside. Concentrates can be taken out through the sampling bore of the sampling unit, the movable rod can take samples freely with the help of gas permeable passage for keeping the pressure balance of ends of the movable rod.

Abstract: A sensor assembly including a sensing element, a conductor connected to the sensing element, and an elongated shaft. The elongated shaft includes a proximal end, a distal end, an inner surface, an outer surface, and a plurality of spaced apart vibration dampers. The inner surface defines a throughbore extending from the proximal end to the distal end. The throughbore is configured to receive the conductor therethrough. The vibration dampers protrude from the outer surface and extend from the proximal end towards the distal end.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in-furnace temperature measurement device 1 for a furnace in which gas is generated.

Abstract: A test piece transfer apparatus includes a transfer mechanism for transferring a test piece in a transfer direction. The transfer mechanism is provided with a test piece holder for holding the test piece, and with a driving portion. The test piece transfer apparatus further includes a test piece adjusting mechanism cooperating with the transfer mechanism for adjusting the direction of a test piece being transferred. The test piece holder includes a lower surface holding portion, an upstream holding portion and a downstream holding portion. The lower surface holding portion comes into contact with the lower surface of the test piece. The upstream holding portion is arranged on an upstream side of the test piece in the transfer direction. The downstream holding portion is arranged on a downstream side of the test piece in the transfer direction.

Abstract: The exhaust gas analysis system urges a user to conduct a purge in an exhaust gas flow line by not only informing the user of the timing that the purge is necessary from the exhaust gas analysis system but also making it easy for the user to recognize the information. The exhaust gas analysis system comprises an exhaust gas flow line (L) where an exhaust gas flows, a measurement device 2, 3 that is arranged in the exhaust gas flow line (L) and that includes a pollutant component meter to measure a pollutant component to be a cause of pollutant of the exhaust gas flow line, and a display control device 5 that compares a measurement signal value obtained by the pollutant component meter or its arithmetic value with a predetermined pollutant tolerance and that displays a warning window on a display 21 in case that the measurement signal value or the arithmetic value exceeds the predetermined pollutant component tolerance.

Abstract: A sensing unit is presented for use in identifying at least one foreign substance in a region of interest. The sensing unit comprises at least one measurement unit, which comprises one or more sensor elements each configured and operable to be responsive to at least one foreign substance in the vicinity thereof. Each sensor element is mounted in its own compartment having an inlet and an outlet thus defining an environmental region in the vicinity of the sensor element separated from the surroundings of the compartment.

Abstract: An exhaust sampling system includes a pre-fill gas source having a pre-fill gas. A sampling conduit is configured to collect exhaust gas and make-up gas. A sample bag is fluidly connected to the sampling conduit and the pre-fill gas source. A controller is programmed to run a test procedure in which a sample of exhaust gas and make-up gas is collected in the sample bag. The controller sends a command that fills the sample bag with pre-fill gas prior to the test procedure. The pre-fill gas remains in the sample bag during the test procedure. In one example, the amount of pre-fill gas is selected to prevent the sample from condensing in the sample bag during the test procedure. In another example, the amount of pre-fill gas is selected to provide a sufficient volume of gases for analysis during the test procedure.

Abstract: A sample fluid stream in a probe apparatus may be redirected in a redirection area, and a flowing gas sheet may be directed into the redirection area. Additionally, a conduit downstream of a probe nozzle may define a reverse taper (where the conduit is wider downstream), a lip for collecting droplets that have collected on conduit walls, and/or re-entraining gas directed at collected droplets. Focusing gas may focus the sample fluid stream away from the walls of the conduit. Such focusing gas may be at different temperatures for different sections of the conduit. For example, the focusing gas may be a lower temperature near the probe inlet, and may be at a higher temperature to act as drying gas farther downstream.

Abstract: A thermophoretic sampler includes a sample assembly into which a removable sample cartridge can be inserted. The sample cartridge holds a substrate that, upon insertion, is exposed to a sample chamber. Thermophoresis is induced in the sample chamber, causing nanoparticles to be deposited on the substrate.

Abstract: A sample encapsulation system includes a base, a chamber having an inlet and a chamber housing in which the chamber is housed. The chamber is fixedly mounted at least in part within the housing and the housing is movably mounted to the base. The system includes a cap, a first ram operably mounted to the cap for engaging the chamber inlet and a second ram positioned in the chamber opposite the inlet. The second ram is movable toward and away from the first ram. The chamber and housing are movable toward the cap for engaging the first ram with the chamber inlet during an encapsulation cycle and away from the cap, disengaging the first ram from the chamber inlet following an encapsulation cycle. The system includes heating and cooling assemblies and a temperature sensor located remotely from the chamber interior to automatically isolate cooling water to the system.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating a flowing fluid includes a tubing assembly, a heater block made of thermally conductive material, and a heater cartridge in thermal communication with the heater block. The heater cartridge is configured to provide heat to the heater block for transfer to fluid flowing through the tubing assembly. The apparatus also includes circuitry in electrical communication with the heater cartridge to control a temperature of the heater block by controlling operation of the heater cartridge. The heater block is die-cast about the tubing assembly.

Abstract: A magnetic flowmeter for sensing process fluid flow is provided. The flowmeter includes a tube configured to receive the process fluid flow therethrough. A plurality of electrodes is disposed to contact process fluid. At least one electromagnetic coil is disposed proximate the tube. Flowmeter electronics are configured to drive a current through at least one electromagnetic coil and to sense a signal developed across a plurality of electrodes disposed to contact process fluid. A flexible circuit module is disposed proximate the tube, and has at least one flexible circuit containing a plurality of electrical traces electrically coupled to the flowmeter electronics. The at least one electromagnetic coil includes a first coil in the flexible circuit module that is coupled to the electrical traces.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a liquid sample in a sample tube. The apparatus includes a base, a receptacle for receiving a sample tube, and a heating portion coupled to the base to selectively apply heat to the receptacle. A shaking portion is coupled to the base and supports the receptacle. The shaking portion agitates the receptacle with respect to the base. A magnetizing portion is coupled to the base and movable to selectively change a magnetic field with respect to the receptacle.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for sampling rock mass, especially jointed rock mass. The present disclosure provides a simple and convenient method for sampling jointed rock mass to prevent the rock sample from being disturbed and damaged during sampling and accordingly resulting in opening of the weak structural planes, to therefore obtain rock specimen correctly reflecting the basic physical and mechanical characteristics of rock mass comprising integral fissure network. The method for sampling jointed rock mass of the present disclosure comprises the following steps: Step a: Siting; Step b: Drilling; Step c: Protecting; and Step d: Sampling. The method is suitable for determining the basic mechanical properties of the rock mass and for assessing the stability of caverns in jointed rock mass.

Abstract: Provided is a combustion gas bleeding probe, which is elongated in lifetime and improved in chlorine removing ability and so on. The combustion gas bleeding probe (1) comprises a cold gas discharge means having a plurality of discharge ports (2b) for discharging cold gases (C) substantially perpendicularly of the suction direction (S) of a combustion gas (G) and toward the center of the combustion gas flow. A vector (A), which is composed of momentum vectors (MVs) of the cold gas (C) discharged individually from the plural discharge ports, has a vertically downward component. This vertically downward component of the synthesized vector is made the larger, as the angle between the suction direction of the combustion gas and the flow direction of the combustion gas before sucked by the probe becomes the closer to a right angle.

Abstract: A sample processing apparatus includes a sample carrier receiving region configured to receive a sample carrier. The sample carrier includes at least one sample channel carrying at least one sample, at least one agent chamber carrying at least one agent to be moved to the at least one sample channel to facilitate processing of the at least one sample, and the at least one agent chamber includes at least one chamber cover covering at least one opening of the at least one agent chamber, inhibiting flow of the at least one agent from the at least one agent chamber to the at least one sample channel. The sample processing apparatus further includes a chamber opener configured to facilitate opening the at least one chamber cover. The sample processing apparatus further includes a fluid mover that moves the agent out of the at least one agent chamber after the at least one chamber cover is opened and into the at least one sample channel.

Abstract: A system for preparing samples for chemical analysis comprises at least one sample container, and a container receptacle apparatus for receiving the sample container. The sample container comprises an elongate tubular body having a crucible portion proximal to a closed end for receiving a sample therein, and an expansion portion proximal to an open end. The container receptacle apparatus comprising a housing having a heating compartment, a cooling compartment spaced apart from the heating compartment, and an insulating region located between the heating compartment and the cooling compartment. The heating compartment is shaped to receive the crucible portion of the sample container, and the cooling compartment is shaped to receive the expansion portion of the sample container. The apparatus also includes a heating mechanism for heating the sample within the crucible portion of the sample container, and a cooling mechanism for cooling the expansion portion of the sample container.

Abstract: In example embodiments, particle collection efficiency in aerosol analyzers and other particle measuring instruments is improved by a particle capture device that employs multiple collisions to decrease momentum of particles until the particles are collected (e.g., vaporized or come to rest). The particle collection device includes an aperture through which a focused particle beam enters. A collection enclosure is coupled to the aperture and has one or more internal surfaces against which particles of the focused beam collide. One or more features are employed in the collection enclosure to promote particles to collide multiple times within the enclosure, and thereby be vaporized or come to rest, rather than escape through the aperture.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for gas delivery are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a gas delivery system includes an ampoule for storing a precursor in solid or liquid form, a first conduit coupled to the ampoule and having a first end coupled to a first gas source to draw a vapor of the precursor from the ampoule into the first conduit, a second conduit coupled to the first conduit at a first junction located downstream of the ampoule and having a first end coupled to a second gas source and a second end coupled to a process chamber, and a heat source configured to heat the ampoule and at least a first portion of the first conduit from the ampoule to the second conduit and to heat only a second portion of the second conduit, wherein the second portion of the second conduit includes the first junction.

Abstract: A temperature-controlled bath capable of swiftly changing the temperature of a sample to a target temperature and maintaining the temperature of the sample at a fixed temperature after the temperature change is provided. A temperature-controlled bath includes a temperature changing means, a temperature-controlled chamber, a sample holding chamber, and connection cut-off means. The temperature changing means is disposed in the temperature-controlled chamber, and the temperature of the temperature-controlled chamber is adjusted by the temperature changing means. The sample holding chamber is separated from the temperature-controlled chamber by a thermally conducive wall, and contains a sample therein. The connection cut-off means change a connection between the temperature-controlled chamber and the sample holding chamber to a connected state or a cut-off state.