Abstract: A method for diffusion coating workpieces of ferrous base metals such as carbon steel and cast iron includes the step of weighing and mixing the following components, in powdered form: Chromium 40-50 wt % Ferrochromium 25-37 wt % Tantalum Carbide 0.40-0.65 wt % Vanadium 0.35-0.70 wt % Ammonium Halide 4-5 wt % Aluminum Oxide Remainder The workpieces are preferably degreased and then placed in a container with the mixed components. The container is sealed and heated to a temperature of 1000°-1050° C. The workpieces and the composition are kept at that temperature for a predetermined period, on the order of forty-five minutes or longer, to permit a surface layer of desired thickness to form. The container is then cooled in a conventional cooling chamber and the workpieces are removed. The method produces coatings having good wear and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: Methods for the manufacture of nanostructured metals, metal carbides, and metal alloys are presented, such metals including nanostructured aluminum, chromium, iron, molybdenum, vanadium, and steel. Preferably, the nanostructured steel is of the M50 type, and comprises iron, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and carbon. Synthesis of M50 steel further comprising nanostructured aluminum, aluminum oxide, or aluminum nitride is also described. In accordance with an important feature of this invention, the grain size of the metals and metal alloys is in the nanometer range. In accordance with the method of the present invention, the nanostructured metals, metal carbides, and metal alloys are prepared via chemical synthesis from aluminum, iron, molybdenum, chromium and vanadium starting materials. Decomposition of metal precursors or co-precipitation or precipitation of metal precursors is followed by consolidation of the resulting nanostructured powders.

Abstract: A steel obtained via the metallurgy of a high purity pre-alloyed, agglomerated and densified powder, the steel has the following weight composition: Manganese <1%, silicon <1%, chromium 4.50-6.45%, molybdenum 4-6%, vanadium 6.10-6.5%, tungsten 18.20-18.70%, sulfur <0.0020%, phosphorus .ltoreq.0.030%, oxygen .ltoreq.100 ppm, cobalt 5-7%, nitrogen 0.050-0.080%, .ltoreq.aluminum 0.020%, carbon 1.80-1.95%, balance iron and the impurities which are characteristic of producing steel. The steel has for the most part a dispersion of vanadium MC type carbides.

Abstract: A high vanadium, powder metallurgy cold work tool steel article and method for production. The nickel, chromium, vanadium, and carbon plus nitrogen contents of the steel are controlled during production to achieve a desired combination of corrosion resistance, metal to metal wear resistance, and hardenability.

Abstract: A high vanadium, powder metallurgy cold work tool steel article and method for production. The nickel, chromium, vanadium, and carbon plus nitrogen contents of the steel are controlled during production to achieve a desired combination of corrosion resistance, metal to metal wear resistance, and hardenability.

Abstract: A mixed metal powder for hard metal alloys comprising cobalt, 1 to 10 parts per weight tungsten and 1 to 10 parts by weight of aluminum and a hard metal alloy containing the mixed metal powder binder in an amount of from 2 to 12 parts by weight per about 100 parts by weight of a metal carbide for corrosion resistant hard metal tools.

Abstract: A material for use in the production of an alloy having excellent corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance is provided. The material includes a cored wire formed from at least a pipe of matrix metal, which is at least one member selected from an Fe-base alloy, a Co-base alloy, and a Ni-base alloy. A VC powder having a particle diameter of 10 .mu.m or less is filled into the pipe. Also provided is a material for use in the production of an alloy having excellent corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance. The material includes a powder mixture containing at least a matrix metal, which is at least one member selected from an Fe-base alloy, a Co-based alloy and a Ni-base alloy, and a VC powder having a particle diameter of 10 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: A coarse grained cemented carbide is produced by sintering a mixture of coarse grain carbide particles having an average particle size of at least 10 microns and a nickel binder in particulate form. The cemented carbide has particular use in the manufacture of a cutting element for a soft rock mining tool or road planing tool.

Abstract: Methods for making, methods for using and articles comprising cermets, preferably cemented carbides and more preferably tungsten carbide, having at least two regions exhibiting at least one property that differs are discussed. Preferably, the cermets further exhibit a portion that is binder rich and which gradually or smoothly transitions to at least a second region. The multiple-region cermets are particularly useful in compressively loaded application wherein a tensile stress or fatigue limit might otherwise be excessive for monolithic articles. The cermets are manufactured by juxtaposing and densifying at least two powder blends having different properties (e.g., differential carbide grain size, differential carbide chemistry, differential binder content, differential binder chemistry, or any combination of the preceding).

Abstract: The invention relates to the filed of powder metallurgy. A steel is disclosed, which is compacted from a powder mixture by means of pressure and heat, its microstructure arising mainly from two components, the first of which being austenitic (e.g., Hadfield manganese steel) and the second being an essentially martensitic component rich in hard precipitates. The austenitic microstructure is more ductile than the martensitic, and it effectively prevents the propagation of microscopic cracking. Thus, the material is suitable for use in wear parts subjected to strong forces, as in, e.g., stone crushers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vane material having an excellent scuffing resistance in a compressor employing an alternative Freon gas as a cooling medium and a process for the preparation thereof. In accordance with the present invention, a vane material is provided having a structure comprising a base material consisting essentially of 1.0 to 4.5% by weight of carbon, not more than 1.5% by weight of silicon, not more than 1.0% by weight of manganese, 3 to 6% by weight of chromium, not more than 30% of tungsten and/or not more than 20% by weight of molybdenum provided that (W+2Mo) is not more than 45% by weight, 2 to 10% by weight of vanadium and/or niobium, not more than 20% by weight of cobalt, and a balance of iron and inavoidable impurities with additive particles of a carbide and additive particles of a nitride and/or a carbonitride, sintered thereto in an amount of more than 0% to not more than 25% by weight and 2 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the vane material, respectively.

Abstract: A high vanadium, powder metallurgy cold work tool steel article and method for production. The chromium, vanadium, and carbon plus nitrogen contents of the steel are controlled during production to achieve a desired combination of corrosion resistance and metal to metal wear resistance.

Abstract: A hardfacing composition comprises at least 60% by weight of hard metal granules including a quantity of sintered carbide pellets and a quantity of cast carbide pellets. The cast and sintered carbides are selected from the group of carbides consisting of chromium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, and vanadium carbides and alloys and mixtures thereof. The balance of the hardfacing composition is matrix metal with traces of flux or deoxidizer, and alloying elements. All percentages given are pre-application ratios.

Abstract: A composite material is disclosed along with the method of making the same. The material comprises a tough grade of cemented carbide granule dispersed with a hard brittle grade of cemented carbide granules to form a matrix. The quantity of hard, brittle cemented carbide granules is between 20% to 60% of the total composition. Such material functions to improve wear resistance without sacrificing toughness.

Abstract: In the metallic member of the invention, ceramic super fine particles, and solid lubricant particles or short size fibers are dispersed, and the grain size of the ceramic particles is smaller than the solid lubricant particle size or fiber diameter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-speed steel which is manufactured powder-metallurgically and has the following chemical composition: 2.2-2.7 C, from traces to max 1.0 Si, from traces to max 1.0 Mn, 3.5-4.5 Cr, 2.5-4.5 Mo, 2.5-4.5 W, 7.5-9.5 V, with the balance being substantially iron and incidental impurities and accessory elements. The steel is suitable particularly for tools having a high wear resistance.

Abstract: A titanium-base sintered alloy which comprises a TiC and/or TiN or Ti(C,N) solid solution accounting for 5 to 70 vol %, with the remainder being composed of two components. The first component is at least one species selected from the group consisting of Groups Va and VIa metallic elements, except Cr, or at least one species selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides of Groups Va and VIa metallic elements, except Cr. The second component is titanium. The first component accounts for 1 to 30 vol % and the second component accounts for 70 to 99 vol % of the total amount of the first and second components. The alloy produces a preferred result when the content of TiC or TiN is 35 to 70 vol % and the first component accounts for 1 to 15 vol % of the remainder. It is desirable that the TiC, TiN, and the first component of the remainder be in the form of a solid solution.

Abstract: A friction material for a lubricated tribological system, particularly for a synchro of a gear box, consists of a bronze or steel matrix containing from 5 to 40% by weight of embedded hard particles. A 90% portion of the embedded hard particles have a particle size of from 50 and 300 micrometers. These hard particles consist of an alloy including Cr, Mo, W, V, Ni, Zr, Al and/or Ti and carbides of Cr, Mo, W and V; nitrides of Al and Mo; and/or oxides of Cr, Ni, Zr and Ti. The hardness of the hard particles is advantageously above 600 HV 0.1. This friction material has a comparatively high friction coefficient which is constant independent of variations of sliding speed.

Abstract: A secondary hardening type high temperature wear-resistant sintered alloy body comprising 0.4 to 15 wt. % of at least one species of metal carbide forming element which is selected from the group consisting of W, Mo, V, Ti, Nb, Ta and B; 5 to 35 wt. % of at least one species of austenite forming element which is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Cu, and Cr; 0.2 to 1.2 wt. % of C; and 0.04 to 0.2 wt. % of Al consisting essentially the remainder of Fe, wherein the alloy body contains an austenite phase which is capable of martensitic transformation.

Abstract: There is provided a sintered titanium-based carbonitride alloy for metal cutting containing hard constituents based on Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and/or W and 3-30% binder phase based on Co and/or Ni. The structure contains 10-50% by weight well-dispersed Ti-rich hard constituent grains essentially without core-rim structure with a mean grain size of 0.8-5 .mu.m in a conventional carbonitride alloy matrix with a mean grain size of the hard constituents of 1-2 .mu.m. The Ti-rich hard constituent grains are essentially rounded, non-angular grains with an approximately logarithmic normal grain size distribution with a standard deviation of <0.23 logarithmic .mu.m.

Abstract: Sintered ferrous materials are described having a composition in wt % lying within the ranges of C 0.8-1.5/W 1-4.4/Mo 1-4.4/V 1-2.6/Cr 1.3-3.2/Others 3 max./Fe balance. The material may be made by a method comprising the steps of mixing between 40 and 70 wt % of a powder having a composition in wt % within the ranges C 0.45-1.05/W 2.7-6. 2/Mo 2.8-6.2/V 2.8-3.2/Cr 3.8-4.5/Others 3.0 max./Fe balance with between 60 and 30 wt % of an iron powder and from 0.4 to 0.9 wt % of carbon powder, pressing a green body of the article from the mixed powder and then sintering the green body. The material may optionally contain sulphur, metallic sulphides. The material may be infiltrated.

Abstract: A high speed steel which has been manufactured power metallurgically and has the following chemical composition in weight-%: 0.6-0.9 C, from traces to max 1.0 Si, from traces to max 1.0 Mn, 3-5 Cr, 0-5 Mo, 0-10 W, where (Mo+W/2) shall be at least 4, 0.7-2 V, max 14 Co, 0.7-1.5 Nb, with the balance being substantially iron, incidental impurities and accessory elements in normal amounts. The steel is suited for tools the use of which require a high toughness, a suitable hardness and strength.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sintered titanium-based carbonitride alloy for milling and turning where the hard constituents are based on Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and/or W and the binder phase based on Co and/or Ni. The structure comprises 10-50% by volume hard constituent grains with core-rim-structure with a mean grain size for the cores of 2-8 .mu.m in a more fine-grained matrix with a mean grain size of the hard constituents of <1 .mu.m and where said mean grain size of the coarse hard constituents grains is >1.5 .mu.m, preferably >2 .mu.m, larger than the mean grain size for the grains in the matrix. The coarse grains can be Ti(C,N), (Ti,Ta)C, (Ti,Ta)(C,N) and/or (Ti,Ta,V)(C,N).

Abstract: Disclosed is a hard alloy with high hardness, high abrasion resistance, high corrosion resistance and high rigidity, which is excellent in performance in use for tools. The hard alloy contains more than 80% by weight of WC with less than 2 .mu.m of average particle size, more than 0.2% by weight and less than 2% by weight of Co and the remaining part of one or more metals, carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of the metals in the IVa, Va and VIa families in the periodic table, such as 2.0 to 7.0% by weight of one or more of Mo and Mo.sub.2 C, and the alloy contains Co.sub.x W.sub.y C.sub.z in the sintered product. By the addition of Mo or Mo.sub.2 C and VC the growth of particles in the hard phase is inhibited and at the same time the wettability of WC--Co is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed are a hard sintered alloy having fine pores which comprises a sintered alloy comprising 2 to 30% by volume of a dispersed phase of at least one of oxide, carbide and sulfide of Ca, Sr or Ba and mutual solid solutions of these, and the balance of a binder phase comprising at least one metal of Co, Ni and Fe or an alloy containing said metal as a main component and a hard phase of at least one of carbide, nitride and boride of the 4a (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5a (V, Nb, Ta) or 6a (Cr, Mo, W) group metal of the periodic table and mutual solid solutions of these, with a volume ratio of said binder phase to said hard phase being 2:98 to 95:5, wherein fine pores are formed by removing said dispersed phase from a surface portion of said sintered alloy, and a process for preparing the same.

Abstract: Vane material, vane and method of producing a vane to be used in a compressor using a substitute freon, improving the wear resistance thereof. The vane material has a composition consisting of by weight: 1.0-2.5% of C; not more than 1.5% of Si; not more than 1.0% of Mn; 3-6% of Cr; one or two of not more than 20% W and not more than 12% Mo where "W+2Mo" being 15-28%; 3.5-10% of one or two of V and Nb; and the balance of Fe and incidental impurities. Carbides are uniformly dispersed in the matrix thereof where their average diameter does not exceed 1.5 .mu.m and the maximum diameter thereof does not exceed 6 .mu.m. A method of producing a vane is also disclosed, in which an atomized powder having the composition as described is compacted and it is then subjected to hot working, or to hot working and cold working.

Abstract: A watch exterior part is formed of cemented carbide or stellite alloy, and has a three-dimensionally curved as-sintered surface or a small hole with an as-sintered interior peripheral surface, or has a three-dimensionally curved polished surface obtained by polishing an as-sintered surface. The watch exterior part is manufactured by a method in which organic binder is milled into a material powder, and a molded body obtained by injection molding is subjected to a binder removing process and then sintered. By the manufacturing method, a watch exterior part formed of cemented carbide or stellite alloy has a high strength and a complicated configuration such as a three-dimensional curved surface and a small hole, without applying secondary machining operations such as discharge operations.

Abstract: A hard sintered component of a cemented carbide or a stellite alloy having a complex three-dimensional shape and a small hole or the like and the high strength originally provided by the used material for making the component without any secondary working, is formed by injection molding a compact molding die having an inner mold surface roughness R.sub.max of not more than 3 .mu.m. Where a core pin is used the outer surface of the pin has a surface roughness R.sub.max of not more than 3 .mu.m. The compact is then sintered. The hard sintered component is composed of a cemented carbide or a stellite alloy. In such a hard sintered component, the surface of a complex three-dimensional shape such as a disc portion or a thin portion, or the inner surface of a small hole, is defined by a sintered surface which has a surface roughness R.sub.max of not more than 4 .mu.m.

Abstract: There now exists a sintered titanium-based carbonitride alloy containing hard constituents with core-rim structure based on, besides Ti, W, one or more of the metals Zr, Hf, V, Mo, Nb, Ta or Cr in 5-30 weight % binder phase based on Co and/or Ni with simultaneously increased wear resistance and toughness. The alloy is characterized in that at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, of said hard constituents have four different types of cores with the following contents of Ti and W in weight % of the total metal content: 1-5 W and 90-95 Ti (1A), 15-25 W and 65-85 Ti (1B), 50-75 W and 20-40 Ti (1C), as well as 20-30 W and 30-60 Ti (2A), whereby the amount of each type is at least 5%.

Abstract: An article made of an ultra fine grained cemented carbide material and a process for making the same.

Abstract: A cermet alloy having a structure comprising a hard phase and a bonding phase, said hard phase comprising (1) at least one of MC, MN, and MCN, wherein M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, and W (2) at least one compound selected from (M,Mo)(B,C), M,Mo)(B,N) and (M,Mo)(B,CN) and (3) at least one Mo--Co--B compound; said bonding phase comprising Co. The cermet alloy has superior toughness and hardness, and can be worked by conventional sintering methods. The invention also includes a method for producing the cermet alloy.

Abstract: A sintered titanium-based carbonitride alloy contains hard constituents based on, in addition to Ti, W and/or Mo, one or more of the metals Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta or Cr in 5-30% binder phase based on Cobalt and/or nickel. The content of tungsten and/or molybdenum, preferably molybdenum in the binder phase is >1.5 times higher than in the rim and >3.5 times higher than in the core of adjacent hard constituent grains. The alloy is produced by a particular method.

Abstract: Sintered materials and a method for their manufacture are described together with products made therefrom, such as piston rings and valve seat inserts for internal combustion engines. The sintered material comprises a porous matrix with a composition lying in the range expressed in wt % of 8 to 12 chromium, 0.5 to 3 molybdenum, up to 1.5 vanadium, 0.2 to 1.5 carbon, other impurities 2 max., up to 1 manganese sulphide, optionally up to 5 molybdenum disulphide, balance iron, the matrix having a uniform dispersion of submicroscopic particles of molybdenum rich carbides which render the material resistant to thermal softening.

Abstract: A sintered body of titanium based carbonitride alloy containing hard constituents based on, in addition to titanium, one or more of the metals Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, No or W in 5-30% binder phase based on Co and/or Ni is disclosed. The body has a binder phase enriched surface zone with a higher binder phase content than in the inner portion of the body in combination with an enrichment of simple hard constituents, i.e., the share of grains with core-rim structure is lower in the surface zone than in the inner of the body.

Abstract: A high Young's modulus material comprises carbon steel or alloying steel and contains a particular amount of hard particles having a Young's modulus of not less than 24,000 kgf/mm.sup.2. Furthermore, a surface-coated tool member comprises a substrate comprised of carbon steel or alloying steel and a hard coating layer having a Young's modulus of not less than 24,000 kgf/mm.sup.2 in which the substrate contains a particular amount of hard particles having a Young's modulus of not less than 24,000 kgf/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: A secondary hardening type high temperature wear-resistant sintered alloy body comprising 0.4 to 15 wt. % of at least one species of metal carbide forming element which is selected from the group consisting of W, Mo, V, Ti, Nb, Ta and B; 5 to 35 wt. % of at least one species of austenite forming element which is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Cu, and Cr; 0.2 to 1.2 wt. % of C; and 0.04 to 0.2 wt % of the remainder consisting essentially of Fe wherein the alloy body contains an austenite phase which is capable of martensitic transformation.

Abstract: A high speed tool steel produced by sintering powder, consisting essentially, by weight, of more than 1.5% but not more than 2.2% C, not more than 1.0% Si, not more than 0.6% Mn, 3.0 to 6.0% Cr, an amount of W and Mo in which the content of W+2Mo is in the range of 20 to 30% and in which the ratio of W/2Mo is not less than 1, not more than 5.0% V, 2.0 to 7.0% Nb, the ratio of Nb/V being not less than 0.5, and the balance Fe and incidental impurities, the value of C-Ceq, which Ceq is defined by 0.24+0.033.times.W+0.063.times.Mo+0.2.times.V+0.1.times.Nb, being in a range of -0.20 to 0.05, the density of carbides in the sintered steel having grain size of 2 to 5 .mu.m being in a range of 10,000 to 30,000 pieces/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: In a contact material, there is present in addition to silver, at least one higher melting point metal, metal alloy or metal compound. According to the invention, the material contains in addition to silver (Ag), at least iron (Fe) and/or titanium (Ti) in percent by weight of from 2 to 50%. Optionally, nitrides, carbides and/or borides of the metals titanium, zirconium and/or tantalum may also e present. It has been found that in their contact property spectrum such materials are largely equivalent to the material AgNi10. Thus the latter contact material can be replaced completely.

Abstract: A dispersion-strengthened (DS) alloy, more particularly oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) iron-based alloys which manifest resistant to oxidation at temperatures as high as 1300.degree. C. (approx. 2400.degree. F.) whereby the alloys are useful in the production of advanced aircraft gas turbine engine components and in demanding industrial applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite hard metal body of hard material, a binder and embedded reinforcing material, as well as to a process for the production of the composite hard metal body by methods of powder metallurgy.In order to create a composite hard metal body with improved toughness under load, improved hardness and a lower fracture susceptibility, the invention proposes to build in monocrystalline, preferably needle-shaped and/or platelet-shaped reinforcing materials, coated with an inert layer with respect to the binder metal phase and consisting of borides and/or carbides, and/or nitrides and/or carbonitrides of the elements of Groups IVa or Va or mixtures thereof and/or coated monocrystalline reinforcing material of SiC, Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, Si.sub.2 N.sub.2 O, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2, AlN and/or BN.

Abstract: A cermet alloy having a structure comprising a hard phase and a bonding phase, said hard phase comprising (1) at least one of MC, MN and MCN, wherein M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, Th, V, Nb, Ta, Pa, Cr, Mo, U and W and (2) at least one W-Co-B compound; said bonding phase comprising Co. The cermet has superior toughness and hardness, and can be worked by conventional sintering methods. The invention also includes a method for producing the cermet.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is now provided a method of making a sintered titanium-based carbonitride alloy. According to the method, melt-metallurgical raw materials containing the metallic alloying elements for hard constituent-forming as well as binder phase-forming elements are melted and cast, using no intentional additions of the elements C, N, B and O, to form a pre-alloy which in solidified condition of brittle intermetallic phases with hard constituent-forming and binder phase-forming elements mixed in atomic scale. The pre-alloy is crushed and/or milled to powder with grain size <50 .mu.m. The powder is carbonitrided for simultaneous formation in situ of extremely fine-grained <0.1 .mu.m, hard constituent particles enclosed in their binder phase.

Abstract: A cutting insert of a sintered carbonitride alloy and with a complicated geometry, the insert having improved efficiency. This is obtained by giving the powder non-uniform compaction during pressing of the powder into a press-body so that the ultimate working edges will have a higher relative density than the surrounding, more "supporting" material in the press-body. By these means are often obtained surface defects in the form of cracks because of dissolved strains during the sintering.

Abstract: A dense cermet article including about 80-95% by volume of a granular hard phase and about 5-20% by volume of a metal phase. The granular hard phase consists essentially of a ceramic material selected from the hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, and borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, boron, and mixtures thereof. The metal phase consists essentially of a combination of nickel and aluminum having a weight ratio of nickel to aluminum of from about 90:10 to about 70:30 and 0-5% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, boron, or carbon, or combinations thereof. In the preferred metal phase, an amount of about 15-80% by volume of the metal phase component exhibits a Ni.sub.3 Al ordered crystal structure.

Abstract: A material for valve seats comprising a wear resisting sintered ferro alloy formed by dispersing particles of a high speed steel in a matrix in which hard alloy particles are dispersed. Steps for forming include mixing particles of a matrix material, carbide material and a hard alloy, and blending the mixture with high speed steel particles, pressurizing and compacting the mixture after blending, then sintering them at 1000.degree. to 1200.degree. C. In the preferred method, at least one element of Fe, C, Ni, Co, Si or Mn is included as the matrix material, and at least one element of Fe, Cr, Mo or V as the carbide material and at least one element of Fe, Cr, Mo, Co, C or W as the hard alloy are prepared. Furthermore, the ferro alloy preferably includes the following amounts of the above mentioned elements, 0.5 to 2.0 wt % of C, 1 to 25 wt % of one or more of Cr, Mo, V, or W and 1 to 15 wt % of one or more of Co, Ni, Mn, or Si.

Abstract: A method for producing a camshaft having a tubular steel shaft and a sintered cam piece joined to the shaft. The sintered cam piece has iron tetroxide film at its surface. The camshaft is produced by assembling a powder compact to the steel shaft to provide a camshaft assembly, sintering the assembly to provide an integral assembly, correcting bending to the assembly, annealing the assembly, grinding the cam piece and effecting vaporization treatment to the assembly at a temperature lower than the annealing temperature.

Abstract: A dense cermet article including about 80-90% by volume of a granular hard phase and about 5-20% by volume of a metal phase. The hard phase is a carbide, nitride, carbonitride, oxycarbide, oxynitride, or carboxynitride of a cubic solid solution selected from W-Ti, W-Hf, W-Nb, W-Ta, Zr-Ti, Hf-Ti, Hf-Zr, V-Ti, Nb-Ti, Ta-Ti, or Mo-Ti. The metal phase consists essentially of a combination of nickel and aluminum having a ratio of nickel to aluminum of from about 90:10 to about 70:30 by weight, and 0-5% by weight of an additive selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, boron, and/or carbon. The preferred hard phase is a cubic solid solution of tungsten and titanium. In the preferred metal phase, an amount of about 15-80% by volume of the metal phase component exhibits a Ni.sub.3 Al ordered crystal structure. The article may be produced by presintering the hard phase - metal phase component mixture in a vacuum or inert atmosphere at about 1475.

Abstract: A wear-resistant compound roll having a shell portion produced by sintering a uniform mixture of alloy powder consisting essentially, by weight, of 1.2-3.5% of C, 2% or less of Si, 2% or less of Mn, 10% or less of Cr, 3-35%, as W+2Mo, of one or two of W and Mo, 1-12% of V, and balance Fe and inevitable impurities, and 1-15%, based on the weight of said alloy powder, of VC powder dispersed therein. This compound roll is produced by (a) uniformly mixing the alloy powder with the VC powder; (b) charging the resulting mixed powder into a metal capsule disposed around a roll core; and (c) after evacuation and sealing, subjecting said mixed powder to a HIP treatment.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a dense cermet article including about 80-95% by volume of a granular hard phase and about 5-20% by volume of a metal binder phase. The hard phase is (a) the hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, borides, and mixtures thereof of the elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, and B, or (b) the hard refractory carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, and carboxynitrides, and mixtures thereof of a cubic solid solution of Zr--Ti, Hf--Ti, Hf--Zr, V--Ti, Nb--Ti, Ta--Ti, Mo--Ti, W--Ti, W--Hf, W--Nb, or W--Ta. The binder phase is a combination of Ni and Al having a Ni:Al weight ratio of from about 85:15 to about 88:12, and 0-5% by weight of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Co, B, and/or C. The method involves presintering the hard phase/binder phase mixture in a vacuum or inert atmosphere at about 1475.degree.-1675.degree. C., then HIPing at about 1575.degree.-1675.degree. C.

Abstract: A hardfacing composition comprises at least 60% by weight of hard metal granules including a quantity of sintered carbide pellets and a quantity of cast carbide pellets. The cast and sintered carbides are selected from the group of carbides consisting of chromium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, and vanadium carbides and alloys and mixtures thereof. The balance of the hardfacing composition is matrix metal with traces of flux or deoxidizer, and alloying elements. All percentages given are pre-application ratios.