Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an oxybis(diacyloxyborane) of the formula: ##STR1## wherein the acyloxy is derived from a carboxylic acid selected from the class consisting of saturated aliphatic carboxylic acids of 1 to 18 carbon atoms and aromatic carboxylic acids of the benzene and naphthalene series. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: Cellulose pulp is mixed with a base consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide or magnesium peroxide, and treated with oxygen gas at an elevated pressure, at a temperature in the range of 90.degree.-160.degree. C, preferably 120.degree.-140.degree. C for 0.5-6 hours in the absence of alkali metal hydroxide.

Abstract: A particulate peroxygen compound having improved storage stability against loss of its active oxygen, the peroxygen compound being coated with 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of an ethylene oxide-derivative stabilizing material.

Abstract: Contacting damp fabrics with a dry, activated bleaching composition in an automatic dryer results in improved bleaching and stain removal over dry bleaching compositions employed in an aqueous laundering bath.

Abstract: A stable aqueous peroxy-containing concentrate containing by weight of the concentrate 1 to 60 percent of perglutaric acid; 1 to 50 percent of hydrogen peroxide; 0.01 to 2 percent of a stabilizing agent for the perglutaric acid and hydrogen peroxide; and the remainder to 100 percent water.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator a phenyl sulfonate ester of the formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN R is selected from the class consisting of a hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 16 carbon atoms and a heterocyclic radical having 1 ring or 2 fused rings, said ring or rings containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; X is hydrogen or at least one electron withdrawing substituent and n is an integer of from 1 to 5. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: The present invention provides bleaching or detergent compositions containing phthaloyl peroxide, preferably desensitized by intimate contact with a diluent e.g. magnesium sulphate, lauric acid or sodium trypolyphosphate, and coated to reduce destructive interaction with other components of the detergent or bleaching composition. Optionally the compositions can contain a persalt, e.g. sodium perborate, preferably in a ratio of one mole per mole of phthaloyl peroxide.The compositions are particularly suitable for washing/bleaching fabric at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 60.degree. C.

Abstract: Improved peroxyacid bleaching particles comprising an inner core of a solid peroxyacid compound and as a coating a surfactant compound. Methods of making and using such particles and compositions containing such particles are also described.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an organophosphorus azide of the formulae:RR.sub.1 P(O)N.sub.3 and ROR.sub.1 OP (O)N.sub.3wherein R and R.sub.1 are each selected from the class consisting of phenyl and alkyl radicals. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator a disulfone of the formulaRSO.sub.2 SO.sub.2 R.sub.1wherein R and R.sub.1, which may be alike or different, are each selected from the class consisting of an alkyl radical of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; a cycloalkyl radical of 3 to 7 carbon atoms said alkyl and cycloalkyl radicals bearing optional substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkoxyl, fluoro and chloro; and an aromatic radical selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl and heterocyclic having 1 ring or 2 fused rings containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the class consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, said aromatic radicals optionally bearing 1 to 3 substituents selected from the class consisting of nitro, alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxamido of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, benzamido, chlorine and bromine.

Abstract: Stained textile fabrics, especially cotton-polyester, rayon-polyester blends stained in use with blood stains, can be reclaimed and returned to use by the process of washing and bleaching said fabrics in the presence of a non-ionic or anionic surface-active agent, together with an oxygen-releasing bleaching agent and a chlorine-releasing bleaching agent, said bleaching agents used either successively or simultaneously. The laundering process involves the use of aqueous solutions of bleaching agents at elevated temperatures and at high pH. The process of the invention provides a synergistic improvement in the removal of stains as compared with the use of either an oxygen-releasing bleaching agent or a chlorine-releasing bleaching agent. The process can include a hot aqueous acid sour treatment to remove rust stains and an aqueous sour to neutralize alkalies in the bleached fabric. The treatment can be completed in a period of time of about 30 to about 90 minutes.

Abstract: A process for the low temperature removal of soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an aromatic sulfonyl azide of the formula:R--(SO.sub.2 N.sub.3).sub.nwherein R is an aromatic ring selected from the class consisting of phenyl, naphthyl and heterocyclic of 1 to 2 rings each containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are nitrogen or sulfur atoms said aromatic ring optionally bearing 1 to 3 substituents selected from the class consisting of nitro, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, lower fluorinated alkyl alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxamido of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, benzamido and halogen and n is an integer of 1 to 2, it being provided that there are at least 5 carbon atoms per azide function. Also described are dry blend compositions containing bleach bath components.

Abstract: A bleaching composition comprising 50 to 99.9 wt.% of an inorganic peroxide and 0.01 to 10 wt.% of a compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, ##STR2## is a radical of a 5 member or 6 member heterocyclic ring system containing only nitrogen and carbon, or nitrogen, oxygen and carbon, atoms in the ring, which can be fused to a benzene ring or another heterocyclic ring to give a polycyclic radical, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, pyridyl or pyrrolidone group, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, phenyl, alkoxy, phenoxy, amino, acyloxy, carbamoyl or acyl group or halogen, or R.sub.3 may form together with R.sub.4 a benzo radical, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or a monovalent group --R.sub.5 Y in which R.sub.

Abstract: A coated peroxygen compound having improved storage stability, said peroxygen being coated with about 0.1 to about 3.0 weight percent of a polyethylene glycol product having an average molecular weight greater than about 200.

Abstract: Compositions suitable for bleaching and washing comprising essentially (1) a water-soluble peroxide bleaching agent, (2) an activator comprising an organic compound and (3) a nitrilotricarboxylic compound.

Abstract: Bleaching compositions comprising a hydrogen peroxide liberating persalt, such as sodiumperborate, and a preformed ferric ion complex with a polycarboxyamine-type chelating agent, selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid, and hydroxyethyl ethylene diamine triacetic acid, and mixtures thereof. The composition is used for cleaning fabrics.

Abstract: Oxygen-containing bleach products are prepared by reaction of a source of hydroperoxy groups, such as hydrogen peroxide or ozone, with a water-soluble multi-metal, inorganic, amide group-containing monomeric complex. Such complex is obtained by reacting, in the presence of aqueous ammonia, at least one non-alkaline metal with an alkali metal hydroxide in accordance with a reaction sequence which produces reactive NH.sub.2 groups.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an aromatic sulfonyl fluoride of the formula ArSO.sub.2 F, wherein Ar is an aromatic ring system selected from the class consisting of a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and a heterocyclic group having 1 to 2 rings, each ring containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the class consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, said groups optionally bearing substituents selected from the class consisting of nitro, alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxamido of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, aliphatic acyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, benzamido, benzoyl, chlorine and bromine. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an N-sulfonylimidazole of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkoxy of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, carbonylmethoxy, nitro, an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical of the benzene and naphthalene series and a heterocyclic radical of 1 to 2 rings each containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur while taken together R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 can complete a benzene ring and R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon or heterocyclic radical as above defined for R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator an aromatic sulfonic anhydride of the formula RSO.sub.2 --O--SO.sub.2 R, wherein each R is an aromatic ring system selected from the class consisting of a phenyl group, taken together an o-phenylene group, a naphthyl group, taken together an o-naphthylene group and a heterocyclic group having 1 ring or 2 fused rings, said ring or rings containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the class consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, said groups optionally bearing 1 to 3 substituents selected from the class consisting of nitro, alkyl of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxamido of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, benzamido, chlorine and bromine. Aromatic is used herein in its modern sense to signify an organic ring system having aromatic character including both aromatic hydrocarbon and heterocyclic ring systems.

Abstract: The method of activating aqueous solutions of percompounds utilizing hexacyclic ester-anhydrides of .alpha.-hydroxycarboxylic acids of the formula ##STR1## as activators, solid activated compositions comprising solid percompounds and said cyclic ester-anhydrides of .alpha.-hydroxycarboxylic acids, as activators.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator a sulfonic anhydride of the formula:R.sub.1 SO.sub.2 OSO.sub.2 R.sub.2wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is selected from the class consisting of an alkyl radical of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; a cycloalkyl radical of 3 to 7 carbon atoms; a phenyl radical; a naphthyl radical and a heterocyclic radical having 1 ring or 2 fused rings, said ring or rings containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it being understood that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be identical or different except where they are phenyl or naphthyl in which case R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are always different. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator, an anhydride of a carboxylic acid with a sulfonic acid selected from the formulae consisting ofR.sub.1 --(SO.sub.2 OC(O)--R.sub.2).sub.n and (R.sub.1 --SO.sub.2 OC(O)).sub.n R.sub.2wherein n is an integer of 1 to 3; each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be alike or different, is selected from the class consisting of a 1 to 3 valent hydrocarbon radical derived from an alkane of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a cycloalkane of 3 to 7 carbon atoms and an arene of 6 to 12 aromatic carbon atoms while taken together R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Paper pulp is prepared from dicotyledonous plants by stirring said plants in an alkaline solution in the presence of a surfactant and stain inhibiting agent to obtain a stock containing a woody core fraction and a bark fraction containing bast fibers, separating said fractions and then cooking and bleaching the bark fraction in an alkaline solution containing an oxidizing agent and an alkyl sulfate surfactant.

Abstract: An activated peroxy compound bleaching composition includes a peroxy bleaching compound, such as sodium perborate, and an activator for such bleaching compound, which improves the bleaching effect thereof, which activator is a sulfonyl halide, such as an aromatic sulfonyl halide, preferably a para-substituted benzenesulfonyl chloride, such as p-acetaminobenzenesulfonyl chloride. Preferably, the peroxy bleaching compound and activator are included in a synthetic organic detergent composition such as one based on anionic and/or nonionic normally solid detergent(s), preferably also with builder salt(s) present, and bleaching is effected during the washing of fabrics or articles made thereof, in wash waters of various temperatures, even in water which is only warm. The bleaching compound and activator may also be included in pre-soak compositions.

Abstract: An improved arrangement and method for bleaching textile goods is provided wherein a J-box is employed for storing the goods transiently for the bleach while allowing the travel of the stored goods to shut down whenever desired while leaving the goods in place without damage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the optically brightening of organic fibrous materials with compositions containing a mixture of 1.2-bis-[5-methyl-benzimidazol-(2)-yl]-ethylene and 2.5-bis-[benzoxazol-(2)-yl]-thiophene. The mixture of said brighteners show surprising synergistic effects.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing diphthaloyl peroxide comprising the steps of reacting particulate phthalic anhydride with aqueous hydrogen peroxide in a mobile slurry or paste and thereafter separating diphthaloyl peroxide from the aqueous phase. Preferably the minimum volume of hydrogen peroxide solution is employed commensurate with obtaining a mobile slurry or paste in a mole ratio of phthalic anhydride to hydrogen peroxide of 4:3 to 1:3. Preferably the reaction is effected at a temperature of from 25.degree. to 50.degree. C.Diphthaloyl peroxide is particularly suitable for washing/bleaching fabrics, optionally in conjection with an inorganic persalt e.g. sodium perborate, at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 60.degree. C.

Abstract: A composition for lightening hair comprising a liquid vehicle, an oxidizing agent and at least one di-long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon quaternary amine compound and a method for lightening hair using this composition.

Abstract: An unbuilt liquid detergent composition containing sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine as a bleach photoactivator is provided for removing stains from textiles. A process for removing stains from textiles by treating the textiles with an aqueous solution of the unbuilt detergent compositions of this invention in the presence of visible light and oxygen is provided. Preferred compositions contain a high proportion of zinc phthalocyanine tri and tetra sulfonates in the bleach photoactivator component.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved detergent composition. This composition comprises at least one hydrosoluble salt of a metal selected from the group consisting of divalent iron, divalent cobalt and divalent nickel, associated with at least one hydrosoluble ligand which is a hydrogen donor and has at least two sites available for fixing to the said metal.Application to all cleaning, and preferably to laundry and dishwashing.

Abstract: A process for the activation of peroxide-based bleaches comprises conjointly incorporating into an aqueous medium a peroxide-based bleach, sufficient buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions, cyanamide or a metal cyanamide as a peroxide activator, and magnesium, which acts in conjunction with cyanamide or metal cyanamide to further activate the peroxide-based bleach. Stable concentrated liquid or solid peroxide-based bleach compositions containing cyanamide or a metal cyanamide activator and a magnesium compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the activation of peroxide-based bleaches comprises conjointly incorporating into an aqueous medium a peroxide-based bleach, sufficient buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions and certain metal cyanamides (e.g., calcium cyanamide, disodium cyanamide and sodium acid cyanamide), which have been found to be highly effective peroxide activators when employed under alkaline conditions. Stable concentrated liquid and solid metal cyanamide-activated bleaching compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the delignification and bleaching of a lignocellulosic pulp slurry, having a consistency between about 1% and 10%, by weight of oven-dried pulp, and a pH between about 1 and 7, while at a temperature between about 0.degree. C. and 70.degree. C., with a gaseous mixture selected from the group consisting of ozone/oxygen, ozone/air, and a mixture thereof. The ozone containing gaseous mixture, which has an ozone concentration of from about 0.1% to about 20%, by weight of oxygen or air, is bubbled into the pulp slurry, while agitating the pulp slurry at a rate of about 0.01 to 5.0 horsepower-days per ton of pulp.

Abstract: A process for washing or bleaching textiles in which "dye transfer" is inhibited by the use of an oxidizing bleaching agent together with a catalytic compound, such as iron phorphins, haemin chloride or iron phthalocyanines. Compositions for use in this washing or bleaching process are also taught.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of mixed persalts capable of liberating hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions and stable in dry detergent compositions, which processes comprise adding 60-80% H.sub.2 O.sub.2 containing 0.6-1.8% EDTA to sodium carbonate monohydrate or to a sodium carbonate hydrate containing from 75-90% sodium carbonate, wherein sodium or potassium sulfate, sodium or potassium pyrophosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium disilicate, sodium citrate, sodium glucoheptonate, sodium perborate, anhydrous sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or mixed sodium and potassium carbonate or a mixture thereof is added to the reaction mixture, together with the products produced and use thereof as oxidizing agents in detergent mixtures.

Abstract: A process for bleaching fibers, particularly animal fibers which become damaged if their temperature rises too high, by applying to them a bleaching agent such as hydrogen peroxide the bleaching reaction of which releases heat sufficient to raise the temperature of the fibers above the temperature at which the fibers become damaged, in which the heat released by the reaction is absorbed by a material added in solid, powder, liquid or gaseous form to the fibers. The added material undergoes a chemical or physical change (such as a change of state) upon absorption of heat without rising in temperature. This allows the fibers to be held in bulk during bleaching without requiring to be spread out for the purpose of heat dissipation.

Abstract: A stabilized activated percompound bleaching composition comprises a mechanical mixture of a bleaching percompound, such as sodium perborate tetrahydrate, an activator for such percompound, such as 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-4,6-dichloro-s-triazine, a molecular sieve zeolite, such as an anhydrous type 4A synthetic molecular sieve zeolite and a higher fatty acid, such as myristic acid. The bleaching composition is made by mechanically mixing the various powdered constituents, preferably by tumbling at about room temperature, and the product resulting is more stable on storage and more effective as a bleach in removing various stains from laundry than are similar products which do not contain the higher fatty acid.Also within the invention is a stabilized activated percompound bleaching detergent composition, including the described bleaching composition plus a synthetic organic detergent, such as sodium higher linear alkylbenzene sulfonate.

Abstract: A process for scouring, desizing and bleaching cotton greige goods comprises the steps of immersing the goods for a time sufficient to achieve commercial brightness in an aqueous solution have a temperature in the range from 100.degree. to 212.degree. F and consisting of from 0.3 to 70% by volume hydrogen peroxide, water and sufficient hydroxide to adjust the solution to a pH in the alkaline range, the solution being substantially free of heavy metal ions and maintained out of contact with all metals while the goods are immersed therein and cycling a portion of the solution through a filtration means to remove solid impurities therefrom while maintaining the volume, composition and pH of the solution in contact with the goods substantially the same. Preferably, the process is conducted as a simultaneous scouring, desizing and bleaching process in a temperature range 160.degree. to 212.degree.

Abstract: A process for scouring, desizing and bleaching cotton greige goods comprising immersing the goods for a time sufficient to achieve commercial brightness in an aqueous solution having a temperature in the range from 100.degree. to 212.degree. F and consisting of from 3 to 70% of volume hydrogen peroxide, water and sufficient hydroxide, if necessary, to adjust the solution of a pH in the range 2 to 7, the solution being substantially free of heavy metal ions and maintained out of contact with all metals while the goods are immersed therein and cycling a portion of the solution through a filtration means to remove solid impurities therefrom while maintaining the volume, composition and pH of the solution in contact with the goods substantially the same. In a preferred form of the invention, the scouring, desizing and bleaching are accomplished simultaneously.

Abstract: A method and composition for improving hair body and manageability while not effecting a change in color, such method comprising applying to the hair an effective amount of an aqueous solution of from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of an aromatic peracid oxidizing agent, particularly m-chloroperbenzoic acid and diperisophthalic acid, the aromatic peracid oxidizing agents providing maximum reaction with the fiber surface producing increased hair body and manageability with minimum diffusion into the interior of the hair so as to avoid effecting a change in color.

Abstract: An activated percompound bleaching composition comprises a bleaching percompound, such as sodium perborate tetrahydrate, an activator for such percompound, such as 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-4,6-dichloro-s-triazine and a molecular sieve zeolite, such as hydrated type 4A synthetic molecular sieve zeolite. In a preferred embodiment of the invention a mixture of the described activator and diacetyl dimethylglyoxime activator is employed and inorganic builder, salts such as sodium carbonate and sodium silicate, are present, together with inorganic filler salt, such as sodium sulfate. Also within the invention are detergent compositions containing the mentioned bleaching composition components with a synthetic organic detergent, such as sodium higher linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. Methods of bleaching and washing and bleaching with the described compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: A stable bleaching detergent composition comprising an inorganic peroxide and a compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, ##STR2## is a radical of an unsaturated 5 member or 6 member heterocyclic ring system containing only nitrogen and carbon atoms in the ring, which can be fused to a benzene ring or another heterocyclic ring to give a polycyclic radical, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, pyridyl or pyrrolidone group, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, phenyl, alkoxy, phenoxy, amino, acyloxy, carbamoyl or acyl group or halogen, or R.sub.3 may form together with R.sub.4 a benzo radical, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or a monovalent group --R.sub.5 Y in which R.sub.5 is alkylene or alkylidene having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenylene group and Y is a group corresponding to the residue of the above general formula from which R.sub.

Abstract: A non-yellowing fabric softening composition having improved whitening properties comprising a cationic softener, preferably a quaternary ammonium softener, and a perphthalic acid in the weight ratio of 4:1 to 1:1 of cationic:perphthalic acid.

Abstract: Delignification of lignocellulosic material, such as wood, straw or bagasse, with a soda pulping liquor containing a diketo hydroanthracene selected from the unsubstituted and lower alkyl-substituted Diels Alder adducts of naphthoquinone and benzoquinone and a nitro aromatic compound selected from mono and di-nitrobenzenes and the amino, carboxy, hydroxy and methyl derivatives of said nitrobenzenes.

Abstract: Delignification of lignocellulosic material, such as wood, straw or bagasse, by treatment with an alkaline pulping liquor containing a diketo hydroanthracene selected from the unsubstituted and lower alkyl substituted Diels Alder adducts of benzoquinone and naphthoquinone.

Abstract: Detergent compositions containing particular species of sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine were found to be unexpectedly effective bleach photoactivators for removing stains from textiles. These species are principally tri- and tetra-sulfonates, especially the latter, with minor amounts of di-sulfonates permitted.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a high speed process for bleaching greige cloth. The system involves bleaching of the cloth in roll form, in multiple roll batches, utilizing a forced circulation of high temperature liquid bleach at superatmospheric pressures. In the preferred system, a rack, containing a plurality of rolls of greige cloth, is loaded into a pressure vessel. The rack includes means for connecting the several rolls of cloth individually to separate pumps and heat exchangers. Bleaching liquid is pumped through heat exchangers, heated to a high temperature, and thus forced through the rolls. A preferred bleaching material is hydrogen peroxide, but other conventionally used liquid bleaches may also be used in the process. Although the bleach material is introduced into the cloth at a substantially elevated temperature, it is kept from vaporizing by maintaining the bleaching vessel under superatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a cellulose pulp by mechanically freeing wood fibers in a grinder to form a fibrous pulp and bleaching the fibrous pulp with a peroxide-containing bleaching agent, as the only bleaching agent, in a peroxide bleaching stage, the mechanical freeing of the fibers being carried out in the presence of a spent liquor from the peroxide bleaching stage have a pH of 7 to 9.

Abstract: A hair treating composition containing, in addition to a bleach, a water soluble secondary or tertiary amine polymer or a polymer of diallylamine or a quaternary polymer of diallyldialkylammonium salts improves the surface characteristics of hair.