Abstract: A piston assembly and wrist pin therefor provide a method for controlling rotation of the wrist pin with respective piston pin bores and connecting rod small end wrist pin bore. The wrist pin has a cylindrical body with opposite end portions spaced axially from one another by a central portion and a through bore of varying internal diameter. The through bore has first diameter and second diameters, wherein the first diameter is less than the second diameter. The first diameter is defined in one of the central portion or the opposite end portions, while the second diameter is defined in the other of the central portion or the opposite end portions. The first diameter transitions to the second diameter generally between the small end of the connecting rod and the pin bores of the piston.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a connecting rod assembly and method of manufacturing same. The method includes defining a small end of a connecting rod having a terminal end and defining a pin bore extending through the small end. A pair of channels is forged on opposite sides of the small end, such that each of the channels is substantially perpendicular to the pin bore. A bushing having a contact surface including at least partially annular grooves and opposed distal ends is subsequently formed and installed into the pin bore of the small end. Following installation of the bushing, the connecting rod is machined to reduce the width of the small end between each channel and the terminal end to where at least a portion of the grooves are disposed along the distal ends to reduce the need to deburr the area adjacent the pin bore.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The piston body has two pin bores for receiving a piston pin. At least one rib is disposed on the second side and extends outwardly therefrom. The at least one rib is aligned laterally between the two pin bores in a direction along the piston pin axis. The at least one rib has a longitudinal axis extending generally perpendicular to both the reciprocation axis of the piston and the piston pin axis. A piston having a boss extending approximately within the piston pin radius of the piston pin axis, and a piston having a boss generally following the contour of the piston pin are also disclosed. An engine having the piston is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a piston (10) for an internal combustion engine, having at least two hub bores (18) for holding a piston pin, wherein the hub bores (18) have at least one geometric deviation from a cylindrical inner contour. It is provided according to the invention that the hub bores (18) are formed from bores (21) with a cylindrical inner contour, that the bores (21) are provided with a coating (22) comprising a resin with solid lubricant particles embedded therein, and that the coating (22) forms the at least one geometric deviation from the cylindrical inner contour of the hub bores (18).

Abstract: A piston pin for connecting the small connecting rod eye of a connecting rod to a piston of a combustion engine and a method for manufacturing the piston pin. The piston has boss bores aligned with the small connecting rod eye for receiving the piston pin. The surface of the piston pin is provided with a coating comprising a resin containing suspended solid lubricant particles.

Abstract: Pin bosses (1) are proposed for the piston (2) of an internal combustion engine, having in each case one pin bore (3) which has a zenith-side ovality in the region (15) of the bore centre (7), wherein the zenith-side ovality of the pin bore (3) increases starting from the bore centre (7) radially to the outside and radially to the inside, and the nadir-side ovality increases starting from the bore centre (7) radially to the inside. As a result, the shape of the pin bore (3) is adapted to every load-dependent deformation of the piston pin. As a result of this, in addition, the lubrication of the piston pin is improved in the region of the bore centre (7).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a connecting rod assembly having a stepped small end. The method includes defining a small end of a connecting rod assembly having a terminal end and defining a pin bore extending therethrough. A pair of channels are formed on opposite sides of the small end, perpendicular to the pin bore and a bushing is subsequently installed into the pin bore. Where a connecting rod assembly does not include a bushing the method includes defining a small end having a pin bore and forming pair of channels on opposite sides of the small end. A contact surface is then defined within the pin bore to engage a piston pin and the small end is machined to provide a stepped configuration. The connecting rod assembly is then machined to reduce the width of the small end to provide a stepped configuration.

Abstract: A piston extends along a central axis with an upper crown and a boss depending from the crown. The boss has opposite sides extending along opposite sides of the central axis to a free end and an annular pocket extending laterally into at least one of the sides. The boss further includes an opening extending through the free end into the pocket. The opening has a width extending from the side in which the pocket extends toward the other side of the boss. An assembly including the piston further includes a connecting rod terminating at a small end configured for receipt in the pocket with a shank extending from the small end. The small end can be provided with an external bearing material on a convex outer surface, and the small end is unobstructed from lateral movement along the opening over a full stroke of the piston.

Abstract: According to a rotary clamp cylinder of this invention, in a rod cover 5, attachment holes 18 are formed so as not to intersect an axis CL of a piston rod 11, and pin members 19 are rotatably fitted in the attachment holes 18, respectively. An amount L of engagement between each pin member 19 and each turning guide groove 14 becomes greater, on the side of the axis CL of the piston rod 11 in the pin member 19 than on the side opposite to the side of the axis CL of the piston rod 11, and the outer circumferential face 21 of each pin member 19 on the side opposite to the side of the axis CL of the piston rod 11 can be supported by the inner face of each attachment hole 18, over substantially the entire length thereof. Accordingly, excessively large load and/or impact could be received by the pin members 19, as such the increase of the transfer speed upon clamping or unclamping, and/or attachment of a longer clamper 12 to the piston rod 11 can be further facilitated.

Abstract: A coating for a tribologically heavily loaded component, wherein the coating is in the form of a ceramic coating made of an organic-inorganic prepolymer which is pyrolyzed after being applied to the component.

Abstract: A connecting rod for a hermetic compressor is provided. The connecting rod includes a piston connecting portion, a body having an end connected to the piston connecting portion, a crankshaft connecting portion connected to a different end of the body and extending a predetermined length so that a curved surface is formed, an inner peripheral surface of the crankshaft connecting portion making surface contact with an outer peripheral surface of a sleeve fitted to an off-center pin of a crankshaft, and a clamp fastened to both ends of the crankshaft connecting portion and exerting elastic force to retain the sleeve on the inner peripheral surface of the crankshaft connecting portion. The sleeve does not deform, even when retained on the crankshaft connecting portion, and makes uniform surface contact with the off-center pin, which is inserted into the sleeve. This substantially reduces the abrasion of the sleeve and the off-center pin and improves the compressor's efficiency.

Abstract: A piston assembly and wrist pin therefor provide a method for controlling rotation of the wrist pin with respective piston pin bores and connecting rod small end wrist pin bore. The wrist pin has a cylindrical body with opposite end portions spaced axially from one another by a central portion and a through bore of varying internal diameter. The through bore has first diameter and second diameters, wherein the first diameter is less than the second diameter. The first diameter is defined in one of the central portion or the opposite end portions, while the second diameter is defined in the other of the central portion or the opposite end portions. The first diameter transitions to the second diameter generally between the small end of the connecting rod and the pin bores of the piston.

Abstract: A piston pin for connecting the small connecting rod eye of a connecting rod to a piston of a combustion engine and a method for manufacturing the piston pin. The piston has boss bores aligned with the small connecting rod eye for receiving the piston pin. The surface of the piston pin is provided with a coating comprising a resin containing suspended solid lubricant particles.

Abstract: A hermetic compressor with a connecting rod that can be assembled with a crankshaft and a piston while the piston is in a cylinder integrally formed with a frame. The hermetic compressor includes the frame formed with a hollow portion, a drive unit disposed on the frame, a cylinder integrally formed with the frame, the piston disposed within the cylinder, a crankshaft, and a connecting rod. The piston linearly reciprocates within the cylinder. The crankshaft has a main shaft portion adapted to rotate by a drive force of the drive unit, an eccentric shaft portion provided at one end of the main shaft portion, and a weight balance portion provided between the main shaft portion and the eccentric shaft portion. The main shaft portion is rotatably supported in the hollow portion. The eccentric shaft portion is positioned eccentrically relative to the main shaft portion. The weight portion is adapted to compensate for a rotating imbalance caused by the eccentric shaft portion.

Abstract: An engine piston is manufactured by assembling an outer shell, comprising a crown and tubular side wall in which a ring groove region and skirt are defined, with a plate-like mounting member and bonding them together by brazing or welding. The mounting member is located within the tubular side wall displaced axially from the crown and is bonded near, but displaced radially from, its centre to the crown and at its periphery to the side wall at the end of the ring groove region. The mounting member carries gudgeon pin boss means facing away from the crown. The outer shell is formed by extrusion or the like that permits minimal wall thickness and the bonded structure is of light weight but great strength and stiffness, particularly in the ring groove region. A combustion bowl formed in the crown facilitates bonding to the mounting member and defines with the mounting member an annular cooling chamber adjacent the ring groove region and crown.

Abstract: A piston carrier supports an elongated, slender piston rod for reciprocation in a pump cylinder to pump fluid into and out of the cylinder. The piston rod is made of a material such as sapphire or zircon and has a diameter less than about ten millimeters, and the pump can provide flows of from about 50 nanoliters to about 250 microliters per minute at pressures of several hundred bars. A drive motor rotates a threaded screw and a drive nut of a drive system applies a linear drive force to the piston carrier. A ball and socket connection between the drive system and the piston carrier avoids the need for precise alignment to prevent breakage of the fragile piston. A magnet in the socket holds the ball in place and avoids the need for a spring or other mechanical holder. The socket also includes a ring of a low reluctance material surrounding the ball to increase the magnetic retention force.

Abstract: The invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine, which comprises two boss bores that have respective outer areas with an oval cross-section that points on one side in the direction of the piston head. The great axis of the ovality is parallel to the piston axis and the degree of ovality increases towards the outer end of the boss bores.

Abstract: The invention related to a piston-pin boss (18) of a piston (6) for an internal combustion engine, comprising a piston-pin bore (1) for receiving a piston pin. To improve the passage of oil and to form an oil reservoir, the interior surface (2) of the bore comprises a transversal groove (5) that lies parallel to the longitudinal axis (3) of the piston-bore (1) and opens towards the exterior of the piston and an oil circulation groove (4) that intersects the transversal groove (5) and encircles the longitudinal axis (3).

Abstract: A piston, having a first side subject to major thrust loading and a second side subject to minor thrust loading, is provided. The piston has a crown portion and a first and second pin boss portion depending therefrom. An axially extending pin bore is provided within the first and second pin boss portions. A first axially extending slot is provided within the piston pin bore on the first side. Additionally, a second axially extending slot is provided within the piston pin bore on the second side of the piston. The second axially extending slot is positioned closer to the crown portion than the first axially extending slot. The first and second axially extending slots are generally concave in shape.

Abstract: An engine piston-pin sliding structure includes a piston pin slidably engaged into a pin boss of an engine piston and having a base and a hard carbon coating formed on the base so as to define a sliding surface slidable over a bearing surface of the pin boss and a lubricant interposed between the sliding surface of the piston pin and the bearing surface of the pin boss. The hard carbon coating contains 25 atomic % or less of hydrogen, and the lubricant contains at least one of an ashless fatty-ester friction modifier and an ashless aliphatic-amine friction modifier.

Abstract: A piston arrangement for master and/or slave cylinders of a hydraulic actuating device for clutch and/or brake systems on motor vehicles is disclosed. An insert is inserted into a recess of the piston up to a first stop, the insert having a ball seat and an expandable insertion sleeve which is undercut with respect to the ball seat and protrudes with its expandable region. A ram is pushed into the sleeve with its ball end until it snaps into the ball seat. As the ram is further pressed axially, the insert slides over the first stop, is firmly pressed into a narrow hole section of the recess and strikes a second stop at the inner end of the recess. The insertion sleeve is then tightly enclosed by the piston wall and can no longer expand even in the event of very high pull-out forces, i.e. cannot release the ball end of the ram.

Abstract: A coupling structure for coupling a piston and a connecting rod has a protrusion formed on the rear surface of the crown of the piston and having a semi-spherical concavity and a threaded portion concentric to the concavity, a substantially spherical small end formed at one end of the connecting rod, a holder holding the spherical small end of the connecting rod slidably in the semi-spherical concavity of the protrusion and a fixing ring having a threaded portion engaging with the threaded portion of the protrusion for securing the holder to the protrusion of the piston.

Abstract: A piston-pin bearing for an internal combustion engine wherein a cylindrical piston pin is mounted. The piston-pin bearing has a hub bore that significantly reduces mechanical stress in the piston, results in a longer service life for the piston, and avoids the formation of noise in the piston-pin bearing. Thus hub bore has a lateral surface with a highly oval shape along the axis of the hub in the equatorial-zenith-equatorial area, corresponding to the parameter representation of an oval that follows x=b/2×cos ?; y=a/2×sin ? for 0°???180°. The hub bore has a circular cylindrical shape in the equatorial-nadir-equatorial region of the hub, whereby a is a large oval diameter; b=D is a small oval diameter; D is a diameter of the cylindrical hub; and ? is the angle forming any particular unlimited line counter to the z axis.

Abstract: The invention concerns a piston arrangement having a piston with a piston head and a piston skirt and a connecting rod, which is connected with the piston via a ball joint arrangement comprising a ball, the ball being held in the piston by means of a safety element.

Abstract: An electrically powered hammer is provided comprising a housing, a spindle, a hammering mechanism including a piston reciprocatingly mounted within the spindle, a wobble drive arrangement reciprocatingly connected to the piston, a trunnion arrangement including a cross bolt is driving engaged between the wobble drive arrangement and the piston, and wherein the piston includes a pair of piston arms and a protrusion so that the first piston arm and the protrusion define a first recess and the second piston arm and the protrusion define a second recess, and each of the recesses is shaped so as to support a wear reducing washer in an assembled position. When assembled each washer fits around the cross bolt in a region adjacent the inwardly facing face of the associated piston arm so as to reduce wear between the cross bolt and the piston arms.

Abstract: A mounting structure for a piston pin of a hermetic compressor is provided. A connecting chamber formed at an end of the piston allows the piston to be connected to a crankshaft via a connecting rod. Caulking portions provided at upper and lower ends of the connecting chamber receive and hold the piston pin, thus engaging the piston, piston pin, connecting rod, and crankshaft. An interference preventive portion formed adjacent the connecting chamber prevents interference between the piston and the connecting rod when the components are so engaged. Because a separate structure within the piston receives and holds the piston pin, an outer diameter and/or cross section of the piston is not altered during the assembly process, thus improving system reliability and performance.

Abstract: A piston and cylinder assembly in which the rear end of the piston defines an arcuate concavity opening in the rear face of the piston, a retainer having an arcuate configuration matching the arcuate configuration of the piston concavity is positioned in the concavity and defines a spherical socket capturing a spherical front end of the pushrod of the assembly, and a clip coacts with a circumferential groove on the interior surface of the concavity and an external groove structure on the retainer to fixedly secure the retainer to the piston and preclude displacement of the retainer and captured pushrod from the concavity.

Abstract: A wrist pin for a heavy-duty piston assembly has a body with an axis of rotation and a generally cylindrical outer surface. The outer surface is adapted for pivotal connection to both a pair of laterally spaced pin bores and a small end of a connecting rod generally between the pin bores. The outer surface has a surface roughness equal to or less than 0.10 ?m. The outer surface has a Kurtosis value that is inversely proportional with the surface roughness such that a product of the Kurtosis value and the surface roughness is between about 0.30 ?m to 0.60 ?m. The outer surface has a skewness of about ?1.0 to 0.0 and a lay angle relative to the axis of about 85 to 95 degrees.

Abstract: A control unit for an infinitely-variable-ratio transmission. The transmission includes a cylinder and a piston with a proximal and a distal end. A support stem is connected to the piston. The piston is hollow and has a head portion for interaction with an associated actuation fluid. A proximal portion extends away from the head portion. The support stem is connected to the proximal portion by an articulated joint and extends from the joint to the head portion to exit from the distal end of the piston.

Abstract: A piston includes a piston structure being unitarily formed in a powder metallurgy process, the piston structure having a crown assembly and a skirt assembly, at least a partial combustion chamber being formed intersecting a piston crown surface during the powder metallurgy process, the skirt assembly depending from the crown assembly and having two spaced apart pin bosses, each pin boss having a pin bore defined therein, a pair of opposed semi-circular skirt members, each skirt member extending outwardly from and being integrally joined to both of the pin bosses. The piston may be formed by executing a powder metallurgy process on at least two different metallic constituents to define a non-homogenous piston structure. A method of forming a piston is further included.

Abstract: A die cast aluminum piston for a reciprocating compressor. The piston is cast with no coring and thus includes no aperture in the as-cast piston for a wrist pin. The aperture for the wrist pin is subsequently formed in the wrist pin in a preselected location after casting. The wrist pin is formed of a preselected diameter. Because the wrist pin can be placed in a preselected location with a preselected diameter, the same cast piston design can be used in a plurality of applications by varying the location of the aperture or the size of the aperture, or both.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a connecting rod and piston pin assembly for an internal combustion engine to improve wear of the piston/connecting rod pivot point and reduce deformation of the pin bore. To this end, the assembly includes a piston having a pin bore, a connecting rod having a bore adapted to be aligned with the piston pin bore and piston pin interconnecting the piston and the connecting rod through engaging their respective bores. The piston pin has a profiled outer circumference that is substantially circular in cross-section with a larger diameter at the distal ends than at the center portion. One end of the connecting rod includes a phosphatized coating and is adapted to facilitate movement between the connecting rod bore and the profiled piston pin.

Abstract: A hollow cylinder has an opening at one end, and a push rod passes through the opening so that a coupling at one end of the push rod is in the cylinder. A piston is reciprocally movably in the cylinder, and a spring urges the piston into contact with the coupling. The opening includes a through groove configured to pass the coupling when the longitudinal axes of the cylinder and the push rod are normal and to prevent the coupling from coming out when the longitudinal axes of the cylinder and the push rod align. An insertion groove in the side surface of the cylinder is continuous with the through groove and is adapted for passing a rod portion in the inserting state.

Abstract: A master cylinder for a hydraulically actuated clutch or brake system in a motor vehicle includes a piston in a housing, the piston being axially movable in the housing by a piston rod. The piston rod has a ball-shaped head, at least certain areas of which are surrounded by first and second shell-like support elements which form a ball socket, so that the piston and the piston rod are connected to each other essentially without play, but are still free to swivel with respect to each other. The support elements are arranged at least in part inside a piston shaft sleeve, against which these elements may be supported when forces introduced via the piston rod act upon them. The first support element has a hemispherical shell to enclose half of the ball-shaped head. The other side of the ball-shaped head, except for a certain clearance required for swiveling, is surrounded by a support element with a spherical-segment-shaped ring, through the opening in which the piston rod passes.

Abstract: A pump for gases to be measured having a pump housing in which a pump chamber is located. The pump chamber is sealed off by a working membrane that is connected to a crank drive by a connecting rod or similar lifting mechanism. A heating device is provided in an upper area of the pump housing, particularly in the pump head. Heat insulation covering at least the pump head is provided. The heat insulation is in the form of an insulating housing having an inner wall spaced apart from the pump head in order to form a gas insulation layer.

Abstract: A three position fluid powered actuator having a piston reciprocally positioned within a cylindrical chamber in a body. The piston has a socket in communication with an axial opening through the piston. A piston shaft has a first end passing through the axial opening and into the socket and has a second end passing through a spring chamber in the body. A compression spring surrounds the piston shaft in the spring chamber. A pair of fluid passageways extend into the cylindrical chamber, whereby fluid pressure in a first passageway will move the piston in a first direction and fluid pressure in a second passageway will move the piston in a second direction.

Abstract: A mounting arrangement for the piston of a reciprocating hermetic compressor, comprising: a cylinder (1), inside which is defined a compression chamber (C); and a piston (10) provided with a pair of radial holes (11), each lodging and retaining one end of a pin (20), to which is coupled a driving mechanism of the compressor to reciprocate the piston (10) inside the cylinder (1), said radial holes (11) being completely sealed in relation to the radial gaps (15) of the bearing surfaces (10a, 10b) of the piston (10), so that both radial gaps (15) operate as means for restraining the leakage of refrigerant gas outwardly and inwardly in relation to the compression chamber (C).

Abstract: An engine piston-pin sliding structure includes a piston pin slidably engaged into a pin boss of an engine piston and having a base and a hard carbon coating formed on the base so as to define a sliding surface slidable over a bearing surface of the pin boss and a lubricant interposed between the sliding surface of the piston pin and the bearing surface of the pin boss. The hard carbon coating contains 25 atomic % or less of hydrogen, and the lubricant contains at least one of an ashless fatty-ester friction modifier and an ashless aliphatic-amine friction modifier.

Abstract: A load-transmitting arrangement (14) with articulated function for taking up and transmitting a pedal force, in particular a brake pedal force, is described. A braking device (10) of a brake system comprising the load-transmitting arrangement (14) is further described. The load-transmitting arrangement (14) has a first load-transmitting member (20), which has a receiving sleeve (20A) for a second load-transmitting member (22), an end of the second load-transmitting member (22) that projects into the receiving sleeve (20A) engaging behind a snap element (30B), which locks the second load-transmitting member (22) against withdrawal from the receiving sleeve (20A). The end of the second load-transmitting member (22) that engages behind the snap device (30) is a joint head, which is supported pivotally inside the receiving sleeve (20A). The second load-transmitting member (22) is coupled movably to a support device (32), against which the snap element (30B) is non-pivotally supported.

Abstract: Obtaining a piston blank by forging a mass of metal. The metal mass is forged in a hollow anvil using a punch to chase said metal mass into an annular zone thereof while also forming a projection that projects from the center of a base, the punch including an open cavity suitable for giving rise to said projection. The projection is subsequently machined so as to include a bore suitable for receiving a hinge pin for a connecting rod.

Abstract: A piston carrier supports an elongated, slender piston rod for reciprocation in a pump cylinder to pump fluid into and out of the cylinder. The piston rod is made of a material such as sapphire or zircon and has a diameter less than about ten millimeters, and the pump can provide flows of from about 50 nanoliters to about 250 microliters per minute at pressures of several hundred bars. A drive motor rotates a threaded screw and a drive nut of a drive system applies a linear drive force to the piston carrier. A ball and socket connection between the drive system and the piston carrier avoids the need for precise alignment to prevent breakage of the fragile piston. A magnet in the socket holds the ball in place and avoids the need for a spring or other mechanical holder. The socket also includes a ring of a low reluctance material surrounding the ball to increase the magnetic retention force.

Abstract: A piston carrier supports an elongated, slender piston rod for reciprocation in a pump cylinder to pump fluid into and out of the cylinder. The piston rod is made of a material such as sapphire or zircon and has a diameter less than about ten millimeters, and the pump can provide flows of from about 50 nanoliters to about 250 microliters per minute at pressures of several hundred bars. A drive motor rotates a threaded screw and a drive nut of a drive system applies a linear drive force to the piston carrier. A ball and socket connection between the drive system and the piston carrier avoids the need for precise alignment to prevent breakage of the fragile piston. A magnet in the socket holds the ball in place and avoids the need for a spring or other mechanical holder. The socket also includes a ring of a low reluctance material surrounding the ball to increase the magnetic retention force.

Abstract: In a closed compressor provided with a ball joint, there was needed a structure easy to assemble and capable of sufficiently supplying the lubricating oil to a ball joint section in order to ensure smooth sliding between a ball and a ball seat. The closed compressor is provided with a ball joint section. In the ball joint section, flat cut portions are formed in the outside diameter of the ball of the connecting rod, parallel with the end face of a ring. Also a groove is formed for insertion of the ball into the ball seat from the end of the crankshaft side which is an open end of the piston. The groove has the same width as the width between the flat cut portions of the ball.

Abstract: A device having a rigid rod mobile in a translational and/or rotational movement, whereof one end penetrates inside a recess of a piston and is fixed by a swivel to the recess of the piston directly or via an insert. The insert is mounted inside the recess of the piston, with a mechanism for axially locking the rod or the insert relative to the piston. The locking mechanism includes a stop borne by the piston to provide axial locking along a direction corresponding to the mounting direction of the rod in the piston, and a washer borne by the insert or the rod. The washer has peripheral fins elastically deformable in the radial direction and is pressed against the inner wall of the recess of the piston by being deformed to lock the insert or the rod in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A master cylinder for a hydraulically actuated clutch or brake system in a motor vehicle includes a piston in a housing, the piston being axially movable in the housing by a piston rod. The piston rod has a ball-shaped head, at least certain areas of which are surrounded by first and second shell-like support elements which form a ball socket, so that the piston and the piston rod are connected to each other essentially without play, but are still free to swivel with respect to each other. The support elements are arranged at least in part inside a piston shaft sleeve, against which these elements may be supported when forces introduced via the piston rod act upon them. The first support element has a hemispherical shell to enclose half of the ball-shaped head. The other side of the ball-shaped head, except for a certain clearance required for swiveling, is surrounded by a support element with a spherical-segment-shaped ring, through the opening in which the piston rod passes.

Abstract: A connecting rod-piston mounting arrangement for a reciprocating compressor of small refrigeration systems, in which one of the parts defined by the piston (10) and the end (22) of the connecting rod (20) adjacent the said piston (10) carries a first spherical seat (11) and a spherical annular seat (12), the other of said parts incorporating a second spherical seat (23) turned to the first spherical seat (11) and a spherical annular surface (24) seated against the spherical annular seat (12), said first and second spherical seats (11,23) being seated onto respective opposite spherical surface portions (31,32) of a ball joint element (30) provided between the piston (10) and the connecting rod (20).

Abstract: In a closed compressor provided with a ball joint, there was needed a structure easy to assemble and capable of sufficiently supplying the lubricating oil to a ball joint section in order to ensure smooth sliding between a ball and a ball seat. The closed compressor is provided with a ball joint section. In the ball joint section, flat cut portions are formed in the outside diameter of the ball of the connecting rod, parallel with the end face of a ring. Also a groove is formed for insertion of the ball into the ball seat from the end of the crankshaft side which is an open end of the piston. The groove has the same width as the width between the flat cut portions of the ball.

Abstract: A crosshead piston assembly has a piston body with an upper head portion formed with a plurality of piston rings and a lower stem portion formed with a pin bore. The pin bore has a pair of lower, laterally spaced mounting ears presenting a bearing support surface interrupted by a lateral gap between the ears. A saddle is arranged opposite the ears and provides a bearing support surface which is continuous along the pin bore. A three-piece slipper bearing set is disposed in the pin bore and includes a pair of lower bearing shells seated in the ears and an upper bearing shell seated in the saddle. The upper bearing shell and saddle are formed with aligned oil supply and retaining holes. The oil supply hole is maintained fully open, while a retaining pin is installed in the aligned retention holes to support the upper bearing shell against movement relative to the saddle.

Abstract: In a piston engine, end play of the piston pin can be prevented without unduly shortening the pin. In the simplest design (FIG. 4), a full length piston pin can have spherical end surface in close clearance spacing relative to the combustion chamber surface, so that any tendency of the pin to shift along the pin axis is immediately resisted by contact between a spherical end surface and the combustion chamber surface. The area of each spherical surface is sufficient to prevent wear or scratching of the combustion chamber surface. An alternative full length piston pin design incorporates spherical sheet-metal caps snapped in place at the ends (FIG. 2), which fix the pin (and caps) from coming into contact with the cylinder bore wall.

Abstract: A piston for diesel engines includes a piston body formed with a closed oil gallery and a pair of pin bosses having axially aligned pin bores whose surfaces are spaced from one another about their circumference across an intervening gap between the pin bosses. The pin bore surfaces are each formed with a recess which extends in the axial direction of the pin bores across the full width of each of the pin bore surfaces. An oil passage leads from the gallery to each of the recesses and feeds the recesses with lubricating oil from the gallery. The recesses act as retention basins or reservoirs which collect and supply the pin bore surfaces with lubricating oil during the fall cycle of the piston.