Abstract: Gate electrodes are formed on a semiconducting carbon nanotube, followed by deposition and patterning of a hole-inducing material layer and an electron inducing material layer on the carbon nanotube according to the pattern of a one dimensional circuit layout. Electrical isolation may be provided by cutting a portion of the carbon nanotube, forming a reverse biased junction of a hole-induced region and an electron-induced region of the carbon nanotube, or electrically biasing a region through a dielectric layer between two device regions of the carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotubes may be arranged such that hole-inducing material layer and electron-inducing material layer may be assigned to each carbon nanotube to form periodic structures such as a static random access memory (SRAM) array.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrogen gas and carbon nanotubes from catalytic decomposition of ethanol. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for preparing hydrogen gas and carbon nanotubes from catalytic decomposition of bioethanol over Ni/La2O3 catalyst is obtainable by H2 reduction of a LaNiO3 perovskite catalyst precursor. Additionally, the present invention relates to the use of a Ni/La2O3 catalyst obtainable by H2 reduction of a LaNiO3 perovskite catalyst precursor in the manufacture of hydrogen gas and carbon nanotubes from gaseous ethanol.

Abstract: An electrically conductive film has an electrically conductive layer on at least one side, which is a thermoplastic resin film in which the electrically conductive layer contains a carbon nanotube (A), a carbon nanotube dispersant (B) and a binder resin (C), the total of contents of (A), (B) and (C) in the electrically conductive layer is 90% by weight or more relative to the entire electrically conductive layer, and weight rates of (A), (B) and (C) satisfy the following, and a weight ratio of (B) and (A) ((B)/(A)) is 0.5 or more and 15.0 or less: (A) 1.0 to 40.0% by weight, (B) 0.5 to 90.0% by weight, and (C) 4.0 to 98.5% by weight (provided that the total of contents of (A), (B) and (C) is let to be 100% by weight).

Abstract: A nanotube device comprises a gel matrix that includes microcapsules and functionalized nanotubes, or other functionalized nanostructures incorporated into said gel matrix. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment comprising same. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention enable the specific and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents such as DNA molecules, peptides, including antibodies, drug molecules (e.g. small organic molecules), while offering sufficient resistance towards mucus layer of the intestine and high concentrations of enzymes and other molecules found in the blood stream and the GI tract.

Abstract: An integral imaging system may include a lens unit. The lens unit may include a first substrate; a second substrate; a first electrode on the first substrate; a second electrode on the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; and an array of nanostructures protruding from the first substrate into the liquid crystal layer. The first and second electrodes may be configured to apply one or more voltages to the array of nanostructures. When the one or more voltages are applied to the array of nanostructures, one or more electric fields may be formed between the array of nanostructures and the second electrode, varying an arrangement of molecules in the liquid crystal layer and forming a refractive index distribution in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A polymer composition which includes carbon nanotubes in a resin matrix such as cyclic butylene terephthalate where the resin matrix is compounded into a polymer matrix. The carbon nanotube resin matrix is compatible in a wide variety of polymer matrixes having many end uses. The resin matrix provides good compatibility with many polymer systems, e.g., polyamides, polyesters, acrylics and is easy to use exhibiting a low melting point and low viscosity in melt and provides for a polymer matrix having good properties, including a higher electrical conductivity and/or increased mechanical properties.

Abstract: A mesoporous carbon material formed on an electrode surface in an energy storage device, and a method of forming the same are disclosed. The mesoporous carbon material acts as a high surface area ion intercalation medium for the energy storage device, and is made up of CVD-deposited carbon fullerene “onions” and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that are interconnected in a fullerene/CNT hybrid matrix. The fullerene/CNT hybrid matrix is a high porosity material that is capable of retaining lithium ions in concentrations useful for storing significant quantities of electrical energy. The method, according to one embodiment, includes vaporizing a high molecular weight hydrocarbon precursor and directing the vapor onto a conductive substrate to form a mesoporous carbon material thereon.

Abstract: Composite materials exhibiting very high strength properties and other characteristics are disclosed. The materials comprise one or more nanomaterials dispersed within one or more matrix materials. The nanomaterials can be in a variety of forms, such as for example, carbon nanotubes and/or nanofibers. The matrix material can be glass, fused silicas, or metal. Also disclosed are various processes and operations to readily disperse and uniformly align the nanotubes and/or nanofibers in the flowing matrix material, during production of the composite materials.

Abstract: A method of making a treating wash includes mixing brass granules with acetone, mixing carbon nanotube material, iron pyrite granules and copper granules in the acetone brass mixture, and straining the liquid from the remaining solid material. Methods of treating materials such as brass granules, iron pyrite granules, carbon nanotube material, and brass granules comprises washing the materials in the treating wash, followed by straining and drying the materials.

Abstract: A method of reducing side effects of damage in a human subject exposed to radiation includes administering to the human subject carbon nanotubes in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier after or prior to exposure to radiation. A composition for reducing radical damage includes a carbon nanotube which is functionalized (1) for substantial water solubility and (2) with a radical trapping agent appended to the carbon nanotube forming a radical scavenger-carbon nanotube conjugate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for obtaining composite fibers, that comprises dispersing colloidal particles in a solvent, injecting the dispersion into a co-flow of a polymer coagulation solution for forming a pre-fiber, circulating the pre-fiber in a duct, extracting, optionally washing and drying the pre-fiber in order to obtain a fiber, and winding the fiber thus obtained, characterized in that the minimum retention time of the fiber within the duct is adjusted so that it has a mechanical strength sufficient to be extracted from the duct, and in that its extraction is vertical and continuous. The invention also relates to composite fibers that can be made according to said method.

Abstract: A method for producing a nanocomposite, the nanocomposite comprises at least one nanofiller, wherein said nanofiller comprises at least one nanotube, and a medium comprising a polymeric matrix. Further, the nanotube comprises at least one exfoliated nanotube. The method comprises agglomerating at least one nanotube from a nanotube and nanoplatelet dispersion in a solvent. Additionally, the method comprises redispersing at least one nanotube in a matrix precursor solution.

Abstract: The invention defines an all-solid-contact ISE which comprises a transducer layer of carbon nanotubes which brings the sensing layer and conducting element into contact. The invention also defines a method for the preparation of said all-solid-contact ISE and the use of the same for the qualitative, quantitative or semi-quantitative analysis of analytes. Said all-solid-contact ISE makes it possible to detect or quantify highly diverse chemical species in a reliable and reproducible manner, with the added advantages derived from its simplicity and low construction cost.

Abstract: A catalyst for an electro-chemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of a bundle of longitudinally aligned carbon nanotubes having a catalytically active transition metal incorporated longitudinally in said nanotubes. A method of making an electro-chemical catalyst for an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) having a bundle of longitudinally aligned carbon nanotubes with a catalytically active transition metal incorporated throughout the nanotubes, where a substrate is in a first reaction zone, and a combination selected from one or more of a hydrocarbon and an organometallic compound containing an catalytically active transition metal and a nitrogen containing compound and an inert gas and a reducing gas is introduced into the first reaction zone which is maintained at a first reaction temperature for a time sufficient to vaporize material therein.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a fuser member containing an intermediate layer and methods for forming the intermediate layer and the fuser member. In one embodiment, the fuser member can include a substrate, a resilient layer, a surface layer and an intermediate layer disposed between the resilient layer (e.g., a silicone rubber layer) and the surface layer (e.g., a fluoroplastic of PFA or PTEE). The intermediate layer can include a CNT/polymer composite containing a plurality of carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix. The surface layer and the fuser member can thus be treated at a temperature of about 250° C. or higher.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide material compositions useful for electrophotographic devices and processes. The material composition can include a plurality of graphene-containing particles dispersed or distributed in a polymer matrix. Such material composition can be used for electrophotographic members and devices including, but not limited to, a fuser member, a fixing member, a pressure roller, and/or a release donor member. In one embodiment, a material composition dispersion can be applied on a substrate in electrophotography to form a functional member layer to control, e.g., to improve, at least one of thermal, mechanical and/or electrical properties.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for detecting and destroying cancer tumors. The method is based on the concept of associating a linking protein or linking peptide such as, but not limited to, annexin V or other annexins to carbon nanotubes such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) to form a protein-CNT complex. Said linking protein or peptide can selectively bind to cancerous cells, especially tumor vasculature endothelial cells, rather than to healthy ones by binding to cancer-specific external receptors such as anionic phospholipids including phosphatidylserine expressed on the outer surfaces of cancer cells only. Irradiation of bound CNTs with one or more specific electromagnetic wavelengths is then used to detect and destroy those cells to which the CNTs are bound via the linking protein or peptide thereby destroying the tumor or cancer cells and preferably an immunostimulant is provided to the patient to enhance the immune response against antigens released from the tumor or cancer cells.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there are articles including hydrophobic composite coating and methods of forming a hydrophobic composite coating. The method of forming a hydrophobic composite coating can include providing a substrate, wherein the substrate can include at least one region. The method can also include providing a dispersion including a plurality of carbon nanotubes, a stabilizer, a hydrophobic polymer, and a solvent, wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes can be selected from the group consisting of single wall carbon nanotubes and multiple wall carbon nanotubes, and wherein each of the plurality of carbon nanotubes has an aspect ratio of at least about 10. The method can further include applying the dispersion to the one region to form a coated substrate and heating the coated substrate to form a hydrophobic composite coating such that the hydrophobic composite coating has a water contact angle of at least about 120°.

Abstract: A GMR material includes a polymer matrix and a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are dispersed in such a manner that substantially none of the plurality of carbon nanotubes are in contact with each other.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there are image forming apparatuses, fusing subsystems, and methods of making a member of the fusing subsystems. The method of making a member of a fusing subsystem can include providing a fuser member, the fuser member including a substrate and providing a dispersion including a plurality of carbon nanotubes, a stabilizer, a hydrophobic polymer, and a solvent, wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes is selected from the group consisting of single wall carbon nanotubes and multiple wall carbon nanotubes. The method can also include applying the dispersion over the substrate to form a coated substrate and heating the coated substrate to form a hydrophobic composite coating such that a top surface of the fuser member has a water contact angle of at least about 120°.

Abstract: An exemplary composite material includes polymer, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and metallic particles. The CNTs and the metallic particles are randomly but generally evenly and discretely dispersed in the polymer. The composite material is characterized in that it allows radio frequency signals to pass therethrough.

Abstract: A composition includes a carbon nanotube (CNT)-infused carbon fiber material that includes a carbon fiber material of spoolable dimensions and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) infused to the carbon fiber material. The infused CNTs are uniform in length and uniform in distribution. The CNT infused carbon fiber material also includes a barrier coating conformally disposed about the carbon fiber material, while the CNTs are substantially free of the barrier coating. A continuous CNT infusion process includes: (a) functionalizing a carbon fiber material; (b) disposing a barrier coating on the functionalized carbon fiber material (c) disposing a carbon nanotube (CNT)-forming catalyst on the functionalized carbon fiber material; and (d) synthesizing carbon nanotubes, thereby forming a carbon nanotube-infused carbon fiber material.

Abstract: A field effect transistor according to the present invention includes a carbon nanotube of two or more walls having an inner wall and an outer wall, source and drain electrodes formed on both sides of the carbon nanotube, and a gate electrode formed in a gate formation region of the carbon nanotube, wherein the outer wall of the carbon nanotube is removed in the gate formation region to expose the inner wall, an insulation film is formed on the exposed inner wall, the gate electrode is formed on the exposed inner wall via the insulation film or via a Schottky junction, the source and drain electrodes are formed in contact with the outer wall and inner wall, and the carbon nanotube between the source and drain electrodes and the insulation film is covered by the outer wall.

Abstract: A composite material comprising a metal layer, a plurality of carbon nanotubes in the metal layer, and a plurality of nucleic acids in the metal layer. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing the composite material and an electronic device including the composite material.

Abstract: A conductive wire includes a thermoplastic filament having a circumference and a plurality of coating layers dispersed about the circumference of the thermoplastic filament. The coating layers include a plurality of conductive layers comprising aligned carbon nanotubes dispersed therein and at least one thermoplastic layer between each pair of conductive layers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanostructured composites comprising a nanotube network which is at least partially embedded within a carbon layer. The present invention particularly relates to conducting nanostructured composites for use in the fields of energy conversion, energy storage and also the biomedical field. The present invention also relates to a process via CVD of carbon onto a catalyst layer on a substrate. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: A method of functionalizing carbon nanotubes with metallic moieties is disclosed. Carbon nanotubes are first associated with one or more binding moieties to provide carbon nanotubes encapsulated by the binding moieties. The encapsulated carbon nanotubes are then contacted with a metal salt or a metal complex that binds to the binding moieties. Reduction of the metal salt or metal complex provides carbon nanotubes functionalized with metal nanoparticles.

Abstract: Provided are a phase change memory device that can operate at low power and improve the scale of integration by reducing a contact area between a phase change material and a bottom electrode, and a method for fabricating the same. The phase change memory comprises a current source electrode, a phase change material layer, a plurality of carbon nanotube electrodes, and an insulation layer. The current source electrode supplies external current to a target. The phase change material layer is disposed to face the current source electrode in side direction. The carbon nanotube electrodes are disposed between the current source electrode and the phase change material layer. The insulation layer is formed outside the carbon nanotube electrodes and functions to reduce the loss of heat generated at the carbon nanotube electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition comprising a thermoplastic resin (A), an inorganic compound having a volume resistance of less than about 10?3 ?·m and relative permeability of more than about 5,000 (B) and fiber filler (C). The resin composition of the present invention can have high impact strength and high electrical conductivity, and high electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) shielding properties. The resin composition of the present invention can accordingly have multiple functions and can be used for electrical/electronic devices.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein relate generally to methods, compositions, articles, and devices associated with layer-by-layer assembly and/or functionalization of carbon-based nanostructures and related structures. In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods for forming an assembly of carbon-based nanostructures on a surface. The carbon-based nanostructure assembly may exhibit enhanced properties, such as improved arrangement of carbon-based nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes) and/or enhanced electronic and/or ionic conductivity and/or other useful features. In some cases, improved properties may be observed due to the attachment of functional groups to the surfaces of carbon-based nanostructures. Using methods described herein, formation of carbon-based nanostructure assemblies may be controlled to produce structures with enhanced properties.

Abstract: A composition includes a carbon nanotube (CNT)-infused metal fiber material which includes a metal fiber material of spoolable dimensions, a barrier coating conformally disposed about the metal fiber material, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) infused to the metal fiber material. A continuous CNT infusion process includes: (a) disposing a barrier coating and a carbon nanotube (CNT)-forming catalyst on a surface of a metal fiber material of spoolable dimensions; and (b) synthesizing carbon nanotubes on the metal fiber material, thereby forming a carbon nanotube-infused metal fiber material.

Abstract: A substrate for counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell is made of a composite material, which is prepared by: a) compounding vinyl ester and graphite powder to form bulk molding compound (BMC) material, the graphite powder content ranging from 60 wt % to 95 wt % based on the total weight of the graphite powder and vinyl ester, wherein 0.01-10 wt % of an electrically conductive filler, based on the weight of the vinyl ester resin, is optionally added during the compounding; b) molding the BMC material from step a) to form a substrate for the counter electrode having a desired shaped at 80-200° C. and 500-4000 psi.

Abstract: Novel proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells with nanostructured components are configured with higher precious metal utilization rate at the electrodes, higher power density, and lower cost. To form a catalyst, platinum or platinum-ruthenium nanoparticles are deposited onto carbon-based materials, for example, single-walled, dual-walled, multi-walled and cup-stacked carbon nanotubes. The deposition process includes an ethylene glycol reduction method. Aligned arrays of these carbon nanomaterials are prepared by filtering the nanomaterials with ethanol. A membrane electrode assembly is formed by sandwiching the catalyst between a proton exchange membrane and a diffusion layer that form a first electrode. The second electrode may be formed using a conventional catalyst. The several layers of the MEA are hot pressed to form an integrated unit.

Abstract: A lens holder is made of a composite material, and the composite material is capable of blocking outside electromagnetic radiation. The composite material includes CNTs, carbon black and polymer. The CNTs and the carbon black are dispersed in the polymer.

Abstract: Aqueous emulsion comprising: (i) at least one functionalized polyolefin (gPO), obtained by grafting, on at least one unfunctionalized polyolefin (PO), acid and/or anhydride groups, the acid and/or anhydride groups being optionally completely or partially neutralized by at least one neutralizing agent; (ii) at least one emulsifier; (iii) at least one dispersant containing water; and (iv) carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A nanoparticle coated with a semiconducting material and a method for making the same. In one embodiment, the method comprises making a semiconductor coated nanoparticle comprising a layer of at least one semiconducting material covering at least a portion of at least one surface of a nanoparticle, comprising: (A) dispersing the nanoparticle under suitable conditions to provide a dispersed nanoparticle; and (B) depositing at least one semiconducting material under suitable conditions onto at least one surface of the dispersed nanoparticle to produce the semiconductor coated nanoparticle. In other embodiments, the nanoparticle comprises a fullerene. Further embodiments include the semiconducting material comprising CdS or CdSe.

Abstract: A Li-ion battery cell is formed from deposited thin-film layers and comprises a high-surface-area 3-D battery structure. The high-surface-area 3-D battery structure includes a fullerene-hybrid material deposited onto a surface of a conductive substrate and a conformal metallic layer deposited onto the fullerene-hybrid material. The fullerene-hybrid material is made up of chains of fullerene “onions” linked by carbon nanotubes to form a high-surface-area layer on the conductive substrate and has a “three-dimensional” surface. The conformal metallic layer acts as the active anode material in the Li-ion battery and also has a high surface area, thereby forming a high-surface-area anode. The Li-ion battery cell also includes an ionic electrolyte-separator layer, an active cathodic material layer, and a metal current collector for the cathode, each of which is deposited as a conformal thin film.

Abstract: One or more embodiments provide for a device that utilizes voltage switchable dielectric material having semi-conductive or conductive materials that have a relatively high aspect ratio for purpose of enhancing mechanical and electrical characteristics of the VSD material on the device.

Abstract: One or more embodiments provide for a device that utilizes voltage switchable dielectric material having semi-conductive or conductive materials that have a relatively high aspect ratio for purpose of enhancing mechanical and electrical characteristics of the VSD material on the device.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a fuel cell comprising a catalyst layer and a method of making the same. The catalyst layer can include a plurality of catalyst nanoparticles, e.g., platinum, disposed on buckypaper. The catalyst layer can have 1% or less binder prior to attachment to the membrane electrode assembly. The catalyst layer can include (a) single-wall nanotubes, small diameter multi-wall nanotubes, or both, and (b) large diameter multi-wall nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, or both. The ratio of (a) to (b) can range from 1:2 to 1:20. The catalyst layer can produce a surface area utilization efficiency of at least 60% and the platinum utilization efficiency can be 0.50 gPt/kW or less.

Abstract: A composition of electrically conductive composites for temperature sensing comprises conductive particles. The composite forms from a suspension. The suspension comprises the particles and solvent, and the particles are conductive particles with aspect ratio larger than one. The conductive composite retains a negative temperature coefficient when in contact with certain specific surfaces. The particles within the composite self align.

Abstract: Provided are a flexible and transparent carbon nano tube (CNT) thin film transistor using a degradable polymer substrate, and a display adapting the CNT thin film transistor. The polymer substrate is formed of a polymer material that is naturally degraded, and a CNT channel, where a semiconductive CNT is dispersed on a transparent organic material, is prepared on the polymer substrate. Source and drain electrodes, where a conductive CNT is ejected on a transparent organic material, are connected to both sides of the CNT channel. A gate, where a conductive CNT is dispersed on a transparent organic material, is disposed on or below the CNT channel, and a gate insulation layer including a transparent organic material is disposed between the CNT channel and the gate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite formed by physical and chemical bonding of (a) a carbon nanotube (CNT); and (b) a metal complex with at least one kind of ligand coordinated to a central metal, the CNT being connected to the metal within the metal complex by a direct bond to the metal. Also, provided is a dispersant for a CNT containing a metal complex comprising (i) a complex ion with at least one kind of ligand (Ln) chemically bonded to a central metal; and (ii) a counter ion. By using a metal complex as a dispersant for a CNT, various characteristics possessed by the metal complex can be provided to the CNT, and the dispersibility of the CNT can be meaningfully increased by introducing a ligand and/or a counter ion having dispersion medium-affinitive properties.

Abstract: An anode active material for lithium batteries, an anode including the anode active material, a method of manufacturing the anode, and a lithium battery including the anode. The anode active material includes secondary particles formed of agglomerated primary nanoparticles. The primary nanoparticles include a non-carbonaceous material bound with hollow carbon nanofibers. The anode includes the anode active material and a polymeric binder having an electron donor group.

Abstract: The present invention provides an example for the construction of stable quantum dots, such as CdS quantum dots, on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) templated and stabilized, such as by attached 1?3 C-branched amide-based dendrons. The construction and method of preparation is applicable to both single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, other types of appropriately modified polymeric and oligomeric materials, along with the use of many other types of dendrons, and other materials capable of forming quantum dots.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composite composition comprising carbon nanotubes and a transparent conductive film using the composite composition. The composite composition comprises a solution of an ion conductive polymeric binder in a solvent and carbon nanotubes dispersed in the solution. The transparent conductive film is formed by coating a dispersion of carbon nanotubes in an ion conductive polymeric binder on a base film to allow the transparent conductive film to be electrically conductive as a whole. The composite composition can be used to form a transparent conductive film with excellent bending properties as well as high electrical conductivity and high transparency. Therefore, the composite composition can be applied to transparent electrodes for use in foldable flat panel displays.

Abstract: A coating composition may include a fluoropolymer; a plurality of carbon nanotubes, in the carbon nanotubes are substantially non-agglomerated and substantially uniformly dispersed in the fluoropolymer; and a coupling agent. The coupling agent may include a first functional group, a second functional group, and a linking group. The first functional group may be bonded to the carbon nanotubes. The second functional group may be bonded to the fluoropolymer. The linking group may bond the first functional group to the second functional group.

Abstract: A composite bipolar plate for a polymer electrolyte membrane membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is prepared as follows: a) melt compounding a polypropylene resin and graphite powder at 100-250° C. and 30-150 rpm to form a melt compounding material, the graphite powder content ranging from 50 wt % to 95 wt % based on the total weight of the graphite powder and the polypropylene resin, and the polypropylene resin being a homopolymer of propylene or a copolymer of propylene and ethylene, wherein 0.05-20 wt % carbon nanotubes, based on the weight of the polypropylene resin, are added during the melt compounding; and b) molding the melt compounding material from step a) to form a bipolar plate having a desired shaped at 100-250° C. and 500-4000 psi.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising a polysiloxane-based polymer and at least one cylindrical nanofiller as a marine anti-biofouling and/or fouling release coating.

Abstract: A reinforced mesh structure containing bipolar plate for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is prepared as follows: a) compounding vinyl ester and graphite powder to form bulk molding compound (BMC) material, the graphite powder content ranging from 60 wt % to 95 wt % based on the total weight of the graphite powder and vinyl ester, wherein 0.05-10 wt % reactive carbon nanotubes modified by acyl chlorination-amidization reaction, based on the weight of the vinyl ester resin, are added during the compounding; b) molding the BMC material from step a) with a metallic net being embedded in the molded BMC material to form a bipolar plates having a desired shaped at 80-200° C. and 500-4000 psi.