Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for implementing artificial synapses utilizing SSM cells. A leaky-integrate-and-fire circuit can provide a feedback signal to an SSM cell responsive to a threshold quantity of pulses being applied to the gate from the signal line. A resulting state of the SSM cell can be dependent on a time difference between a latest of the threshold quantity of pulses and an initial pulse of the feedback signal.

Abstract: Provided are a light-emitting element, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device comprising the light-emitting element. The method for manufacturing the light-emitting element comprises the steps of: preparing a lower substrate including a substrate and a buffer material layer formed on the substrate, forming a separating layer disposed on the lower substrate and including at least one graphene layer, forming an element deposition structure by depositing a first conductivity type semiconductor layer, an active material layer, and a second conductivity type semiconductor layer on the separating layer, forming an element rod by etching the element deposition structure and the separating layer in a vertical direction; and separating the element rod from the lower substrate to form a light emitting element.

Abstract: A stretchable strain sensor based on vertical graphene having a stretch ratio of more than 50% and is capable of recognizing timbre with frequency greater than f hertz, f being 100, 800 or 2500, and having a sensitivity factor greater than 100 at 50% stretch, wherein the vertical graphene comprises a bottom plane layer and a vertical layer and contains high-density reticular cracks, wherein the directions of the cracks can be transverse, vertical and oblique directions, wherein the reticular cracks divide the vertical graphene into a plurality of small blocks, and adjacent small blocks are electrically connected through the vertical layer in stretched state, the cracks widen, but still can be bridged by the vertical layer, the two sides of the cracks still remain electrically connected, the sensor remains effective, wherein average diameter range of the plane of each small block is between 5 and 20 microns.

Abstract: The embodiment provides a graphene-containing membrane producible by wet-coating and excellent in electric properties, a process for producing the membrane, a graphene-containing membrane laminate, and a photoelectric conversion device using the graphene-containing membrane. The graphene-containing membrane contains graphene having a graphene skeleton combined with polyalkylenimine chains. The membrane has a ratio of the photoelectron intensity at the energy peak position of C1s orbital to that at the bonding energy on an X-ray photoelectron spectrum measured on an ITO film of 288 eV in a range of 5.5 to 20. This membrane can be produced by heating a graphene oxide-containing film in the presence of polyalkyleneimine and further heating the film in the presence of a reducing agent. The graphene-containing membrane can be so installed in a photoelectric conversion device that it is placed between the photoelectric conversion layer and the electrode.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate generally to the large scale production of functionalized graphene. In some embodiments, a method for producing functionalized graphene includes combining a crystalline graphite with a first electrolyte solution that includes at least one of a metal hydroxide salt, an oxidizer, and a surfactant. The crystalline graphite is then milled in the presence of the first electrolyte solution for a first time period to produce a thinned intermediate material. The thinned intermediate material is combined with a second electrolyte solution that includes a strong oxidizer and at least one of a metal hydroxide salt, a weak oxidizer, and a surfactant. The thinned intermediate material is then milled in the presence of the second electrolyte solution for a second time period to produce functionalized graphene.

Abstract: The present invention pro ides a method of providing an electrical contact on a graphene surface, the method comprising: (i) providing a graphene layer structure comprising one or more graphene layers and having a polymer coating on a surface thereof; (ii) contacting one or more portions of the polymer coating with a conductive metal-containing composition comprising a solvent, wherein the polymer coating is soluble in the solvent: and (iii) volatilising the solvent to deposit the conductive metal on the surface of the graphene layer structure.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a transistor, the method comprising: (a) providing a substrate having a semiconductor surface; (b) providing a graphene layer structure on a first portion of the semiconductor surface, wherein the graphene layer structure has a thickness of n graphene monolayers, wherein n is at least 2; (c) etching a first portion of the graphene layer structure to reduce the thickness of the graphene layer structure in said first portion to from n?1 to 1 graphene monolayers; (d) forming a layer of dielectric material on the first portion of the graphene layer structure; and (e) providing: a source contact on a second portion of the graphene layer structure; a gate contact on the layer of dielectric material; and a drain contact on a second portion of the semiconductor surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure is relates to a conductive film and a manufacturing method thereof. The conductive film includes a base layer, a TPU complex layer, a conductive layer and a TPU surface layer. The TPU complex layer includes a TPU heat-resistant layer and a TPU melting layer. The TPU heat-resistant layer is disposed on the TPU melting layer, and the TPU melting layer is disposed on the base layer. The conductive layer includes a conductive circuit disposed on the TPU heat-resistant layer. The TPU surface layer is disposed on the conductive layer. Utilizing the TPU complex layer, the conductive layer does not contact directly with the base layer to avoid breaking the conductive line of the conductive layer when the base layer is pulled. Therefore, the lifetime of the conductive film can be increased.

Abstract: A method for preparing an adsorbent for a skin aging diagnosis based on a body odor volatile marker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: forming a graphene oxide;polyaniline (GO;PANI) compound layer through an electrochemical polymerization reaction of an electrolyte including graphene oxide and an aniline monomer; forming a graphene oxide;polyaniline/zinc oxide nanorods (GO;PANI/ZNRs) composite layer by growing zinc oxide nanorods on the GO;PANI compound layer; and forming a graphene oxide;polyaniline/zinc oxide nanorods/zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (GO;PANI/ZNRs/ZIF-8) composite layer by reacting the GO;PANI/ZNRs composite layer with a 2-methylimidazole (2-MI) solution.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including an active region extending in a first direction on a substrate; channel layers vertically spaced apart on the active region; a gate structure extending in a second direction and intersecting the active region, the gate structure surrounding the channel layers; a source/drain region on the active region in contact with the channel layers; and a contact plug connected to the source/drain region, wherein the source/drain region includes a first epitaxial layer on side surfaces of the channel layers and including a first impurity; a second epitaxial layer on the first epitaxial layer and including the first impurity and a second impurity; and a third epitaxial layer on the second epitaxial layer and including the first impurity, and in a horizontal sectional view, the second epitaxial layer includes a peripheral portion having a thickness in the first direction that increases along the second direction.

Abstract: Thermal heat spreaders and/or an IC die with solderable thermal structures may be assembled together with a solder array thermal interconnects. A thermal heat spreader may include a non-metallic material and one or more metallized surfaces suitable for bonding to a solder alloy employed as thermal interface material between the heat spreader and an IC die. An IC die may include a metallized back-side surface similarly suitable for bonding to a thermal interconnect comprising a solder alloy. Metallization on the IC die and/or heat spreader may comprise a plurality of solderable structures. A multi-chip package may include multiple IC die having different die thickness that are accommodated by a z-height thickness variation in the thermal interconnects and/or the solderable structures of the IC die or heat spreader.

Abstract: Embodiments of the presently disclosed technology provide a synergistic combination of a conjugated open-shell donor-acceptor polymer with a carbon-based compound (e.g., reduced graphene oxide) to produce a composite electrode material which demonstrates state-of-the-art capacitance and potential window, with excellent kinetics and cycle life. The conjugated open-shell donor-acceptor polymer may comprise a plurality of alternating electron-rich monomers (i.e., donors) and electron-deficient monomers (i.e., acceptors) bonded together via a conjugated backbone. The conjugated backbone may comprise a connection of n-orbitals of the plurality of monomers in alternating single and double bonds that facilitates unpaired electron delocalization—thereby stabilizing charge for the polymer. The carbon-based compound of the composite electrode material may provide porous, conductive scaffolds for the composite electrode material, resulting in electrodes scalable to microns-thick films with fast kinetics.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sulfur-carbon composite, and a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same. More specifically, since the carbon contained in the sulfur-carbon composite includes carbon of various shapes and in particular, includes sheet-type carbon in a certain content, when the sulfur-carbon composite is applied as a positive electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery, the performance of the lithium secondary battery may be improved by preventing the leaching of sulfur and improving the reaction rate at the positive electrode.

Abstract: A display device including: a first elastic member, a display portion disposed on the first elastic member; and a sensing material layer disposed between the first elastic member and the display portion, wherein the display portion including a first island pattern, a second island pattern, and a slit, wherein the first island pattern and the second island pattern are spaced apart from each other with the slit therebetween, and each of the first island pattern and the second island pattern includes a pixel, and wherein the sensing material layer overlaps the slit.

Abstract: A lubricant for a copper alloy die-casting die is mainly prepared by an inorganic nano-powder, an organic substrate material, and an organic resin material. In the present disclosure, the use of oil-based lubricants as a basis and the reduction of the content of oil in the lubricant yield improved oil selection and proportion, which cooperates with the corresponding higher proportion of inorganic powder material mixture and a more suitable spraying amount applied on the surface of the die to exert a good lubricating effect on products with complex and irregular shapes in the inner cavity of a die-casting die. At the same time, the production cost of the lubricant is low. Copper alloy die castings produced after a lubrication process have a high yield rate and smooth surfaces without casting defects.

Abstract: A method of preparing a graphene-based membrane is provided. The method may include providing a stacked arrangement of layers of a graphene-based material, wherein the layers of the graphene-based material define one or more nanochannels between neighboring layers, and varying an electrical charge on a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to control size selectivity and/or ionic selectivity of the graphene-based membrane. A graphene-based membrane and a method of separating ions from a fluid stream are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to create porous surface coatings. In use, a method is included for receiving, at a plasma spray torch, inputs comprising metallic particles and carbon particles, using the plasma spray torch to cause in-situ nucleation of the inputs to synthesize carbon-containing composite materials, and flowing the synthesized carbon-containing composite materials onto a substrate. Some or all of the synthesized carbon-containing composite materials may include a surface layer and/or a bonding layer. Additionally, the method may include tuning the inputs based on tuning characteristics, the tuning characteristics including one or more of: porosity, heat transfer, or resistance to corrosion. Further, the method may include tuning the inputs to optimize temperature redistribution across a surface layer of some or all of the synthesized carbon-containing composite materials.

Abstract: One or more embodiments include antimicrobial bandages with nanostructures, formation thereof, and usage thereof to facilitate wound healing. In one embodiment, a bandage apparatus that facilitates healing a wound is provided. The bandage apparatus includes a substrate having an attachment mechanism that facilitates removably attaching the substrate to a part of a body having the wound. The bandage apparatus also includes a nanostructure film provided on a surface of the substrate and configured to contact the wound when the substrate is attached to the part of the body having the wound, wherein the nanostructure film includes a plurality of nanostructures.

Abstract: Interconnect structures and method of forming the same are disclosed herein. An exemplary interconnect structure includes a first contact feature in a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer over the first dielectric layer, a third dielectric layer over the second dielectric layer, a second contact feature extending through the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer, and a graphene layer between the second contact feature and the third dielectric layer.

Abstract: An object is to mitigate plugging of spinneret hole, the plugging occurring with the passage of spinning time, even though cellulose acetate has a small titanium dioxide content or contains no titanium dioxide, and to prevent a reduction in pressure drop of the resulting cellulose acetate band. A cellulose acetate fiber having a titanium dioxide content of not greater than 0.05 wt. %; and a content of at least one type of metal oxide selected from the group consisting of Fe3O4, Fe2O3, MnO2, Cr2O3, Cr2CuO4, NiO, Sb2O3, and CoAl2O4 of not smaller than 0.05 wt. % and not greater than 1 wt. %.

Abstract: A graphene-based broadband radiation sensor and methods for operation thereof are disclosed. The radiation sensor includes an electrical signal path for carrying electrical signals and one or more resonance structures connected to the electrical signal path. Each resonance structure includes a resonator having a resonant frequency. Each resonance structure also includes a graphene junction connected in series with the resonator, the graphene junction including a graphene layer and having an impedance that is dependent on a temperature of the graphene layer. Each resonance structure further includes a heating element that is thermally coupled to the graphene layer and is configured to receive an incident photon, where the temperature of the graphene layer increases in response to the heating element receiving the incident photon.

Abstract: High quality, catalyst-free boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) that are long, flexible, have few wall molecules and few defects in the crystalline structure, can be efficiently produced by a process driven primarily by Direct Induction. Secondary Direct Induction coils, Direct Current heaters, lasers, and electric arcs can provide additional heating to tailor the processes and enhance the quality of the BNNTs while reducing impurities. Heating the initial boron feed stock to temperatures causing it to act as an electrical conductor can be achieved by including refractory metals in the initial boron feed stock, and providing additional heat via lasers or electric arcs. Direct Induction processes may be energy efficient and sustainable for indefinite period of time. Careful heat and gas flow profile management may be used to enhance production of high quality BNNT at significant production rates.

Abstract: A varactor may include a gate electrode; a graphene layer; and a ferroelectric layer between the gate electrode and the graphene layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor fabrication method that uses a graphene etch stop is disclosed. The method comprises forming a first set of trenches and a second set of trenches in a substrate. The first set of trenches are narrower than the second set of trenches. The method further comprises forming a graphene layer in the first and second sets of trenches. The method further comprises depositing a first conductor in the first and second sets of trenches. The method further comprises removing the first conductor from the second set of trenches using an etching process. The graphene layer acts as an etch stop for the etching process. The method further comprises depositing a second conductor in the second set of trenches. The second conductor is different than the first conductor.

Abstract: A method for producing a composite material, includes: immersing a carbon fiber bundle, including continuous carbon fibers, in a dispersion in which carbon nanotubes are dispersed in water, alcohol, or organic solvent; applying a tensile force to the carbon fibers, which are linearly arranged, using flat rollers; moving the carbon fibers linearly, under the tensile force by the flat rollers, at a constant depth inside the dispersion at a traveling speed of 1 to 20 m/min, such that the carbon nanotubes in the dispersion are adhered to respective surfaces of the carbon fibers; and applying a sizing agent to cover at least a part of the respective surfaces.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material including a core including silicon, and a coating layer disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the core and including a coating material, wherein the coating material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of LiaVbO2 and MgH2, wherein 0.5<a<1.5 and 0.5<b<1.5 is provided. Also, a negative electrode including the negative electrode active material and a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode, are provided.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a composite film structure, the method includes determining a desired morphology for a metallic layer of the composite film structure, selecting a first metal substrate based on the determining, transferring a graphene layer onto the first metal substrate, depositing the metallic layer on the graphene layer to achieve the desired morphology, and removing the first metal substrate from the graphene and the deposited metallic layer to form the composite film structure. A surface energy difference between the first metal substrate and the deposited metallic layer results in the desired morphology of the metallic layer.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method for making an architected three-dimensional aerogel, comprising providing a photoresin comprising a solvent, a photoinitiator, a crosslinkable polymer precursor, and a precursor for graphene, metal oxide or metal chalcogenide; curing the photoresin using projection microstereolithography layer-by-layer to produce a wet gel having a pre-designed three dimensional structure; drying the wet gel to produce a dry gel; and pyrolyzing the dry gel to produce an architected three-dimensional aerogel. Also disclosure is a photoresin for projection microstereolithography, comprising a solvent, a photoinitiator, a crosslinkable polymer precursor, and graphene oxide.

Abstract: Semiconductor fabrication method for manufacturing an interconnect structure is provided. The semiconductor fabrication method for manufacturing an interconnect structure includes providing a substrate structure comprising a substrate, a first dielectric layer on the substrate, and a metal interconnect line extending through the first dielectric layer; removing a portion of the first dielectric layer on the metal interconnect line to form a recess exposing a surface of the metal interconnect line; forming a graphene layer on the exposed surface of the metal interconnect line; and forming a second dielectric layer filling the recess and covering the graphene layer.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material that includes an active material core that allows the intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions; and a conductive material that is attached to a surface of the active material core through an organic linker. The conductive material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a linear conductive material and a planar conductive material. The organic linker is a compound that includes a hydrophobic structure and a substituent including a polar functional group.

Abstract: A winding of at least one conductor element is provided. At least some sections of the winding are enclosed in a casting compound, and the conductor element including an internal conductive material as well as a first sheath layer and a second sheath layer for insulation purposes, the second sheath layer being made of a material that differs from a material of the first sheath layer, and the conductor element further including at least one third sheath layer, wherein the ductility of the third sheath layer is greater than the ductility of the casting compound.

Abstract: In described examples, a semiconductor wafer with a thermally conductive surface layer comprises a bulk semiconductor layer having a first surface and a second surface, circuitry on the first surface, a metallic layer attached to the first surface or the second surface, and a graphene layer attached to the metallic layer. The first surface opposes the second surface. The metallic layer comprises a transition metal.

Abstract: Methods, anode material particles, mixtures, anodes and lithium-ion batteries are provided, having passivated silicon-based particles that enable processing in oxidizing environments such as water-based slurries. Methods comprise forming a mixture of silicon particles with nanoparticles (NPs) and a carbon-based binders and/or surfactants, wherein the NPs comprise at least one of: metalloid oxide NPs, metalloid salt NPs and carbon NPs, reducing the mixture to yield a reduced mixture comprising coated silicon particles with a coating providing a passivation layer (possibly amorphous), and consolidating the reduced mixture to form an anode. It is suggested that the NPs provide nucleation sites for the passivation layer on the surface of the silicon particles—enabling significant anode-formation process simplifications such as using water-based slurries—enabled by disclosed methods and anode active material particles.

Abstract: To provide a positive electrode material for a lithium ion battery from which a lithium ion battery capable of enhancing output characteristics at low temperatures can be obtained, a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery in which the positive electrode material for a lithium ion battery is used, and a lithium ion battery including the positive electrode for a lithium ion battery. A positive electrode material for a lithium ion battery consisting of primary particles coated with a carbonaceous film or an agglomerate of the primary particles, in which a powder resistance Y is 500 ?·cm or more and 50000 ?·cm or less, a mass X of the carbonaceous film per unit specific surface area is 0.7 mg/m2 or more and 1.1 mg/m2 or less, and Formula (1) below is satisfied. Y?4.91×106×e?9.

Abstract: A sensing probe may be formed of a diamond material comprising one or more spin defects that are configured to emit fluorescent light and are located no more than 50 nm from a sensing surface of the sensing probe. The sensing probe may include an optical outcoupling structure formed by the diamond material and configured to optically guide the fluorescent light toward an output end of the optical outcoupling structure. An optical detector may detect the fluorescent light that is emitted from the spin defects and that exits through the output end of the optical outcoupling structure after being optically guided therethrough. A mounting system may hold the sensing probe and control a distance between the sensing surface of the sensing probe and a surface of a sample while permitting relative motion between the sensing surface and the sample surface.

Abstract: Provided herein are dry process electrode films, and energy storage devices incorporating the same, including a microparticulate non-fibrillizable binder having certain particle sizes. The electrode films exhibit improved mechanical and processing characteristics. Also provided are methods for processing such microparticulate non-fibrillizable electrode film binders, and for incorporating the microparticulate non-fibrillizable binders in electrode films.

Abstract: A composition of graphene-based nanomaterials characterized by at least one area of one atomic layer of graphene monoxide, wherein at least a portion of oxygen molecules present in the graphene monoxide are incorporated into specific crystalline structural moieties, methods of making the same, electrodes in electrochemical devices incorporating the same, and compositions of lithium and graphene monoxide containing materials that result from cycling said electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic device, comprising: —a GFET; —noise suppression means comprising: —a modulation unit applying to a gate (G) of the GFET a signal Vg with frequency fm to modulate charge carrier density of a graphene channel around the charge neutrality point between charge carrier density values at frequency fm, —a control unit (CU), and—a demodulation circuit which is CMOS-implemented and that: —comprises first and second circuital branches alternately switchable to demodulate an electrical signal of frequency fm; or—is configured to generate and apply a signal Vb with frequency fmb to a source (S) of the GFET continuously, simultaneously and with a delay td to induce a phase with respect to Vg to yield a maximal demodulated output signal (So). The present invention also concerns to a method for suppressing noise for the device of the invention.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, including: a first well of a first polarity formed in a semiconductor substrate; a source region and a drain region of a second polarity formed in the first well so as to be separated from each other by a predetermined spacing; an impurity region of the first polarity formed so as to surround the source region and the drain region; a first gate oxide film formed on the semiconductor substrate at a position between the source region and the drain region; a second gate oxide film formed on the first gate oxide film; a gate electrode formed on the second gate oxide film; and an impurity layer of the first polarity formed below the first gate oxide film.

Abstract: A metal seawater fuel cell includes a single cell or a battery pack which is composed of more than two single cells connected in series or in parallel or in series and parallel through circuits. The single cell has a metal anode arranged oppositely in a sealed single cell housing, a cathode carrying a hydrogen evolution catalyst, and a diaphragm arranged between the metal anode and the cathode, the bottom and the top of the single cell housing are respectively provided with fluid flow channels, and both ends of the fluid flow channels are respectively provided with openings communicated with the interior and exterior of the housing. The metal anode and/or single cell housing is placed in a closed transitional housing. The transitional housing is a degradable material or can be mechanically damaged by a driving device driven and started by a control device.

Abstract: A electronic device and a fabrication method is provided. The electronic device having a first electrode and a second electrode. A nano-gap is formed between first and second electrode. The first electrode, the second electrode and the gap may be located in the same layer of the device.

Abstract: A foldable display device includes a display area having a plurality of unit pixels and a non-display area surrounding the display area, and a folding area defined in the display area and the non-display area, and non-folding areas on both sides of the folding area. The foldable display device can further include a first substrate, a second substrate corresponding to the first substrate and including the plurality of unit pixels, a thin film transistor disposed on the second substrate, an organic light emitting diode disposed on the thin film transistor, and a mesh pattern disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and having a plurality of openings. Openings of the mesh pattern in the folding area are smaller in size than openings of the mesh pattern in the non-folding areas.

Abstract: Gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having nanowires with tight vertical spacing, and methods of fabricating gate-all-around integrated circuit structures having nanowires with tight vertical spacing, are described. For example, an integrated circuit structure includes a vertical arrangement of horizontal silicon nanowires. A vertical spacing between vertically adjacent silicon nanowires is less than 6 nanometers. A gate stack is around the vertical arrangement of horizontal silicon nanowires. A first source or drain structure is at a first end of the vertical arrangement of horizontal silicon nanowires, and a second epitaxial source or drain structure is at a second end of the vertical arrangement of horizontal silicon nanowires.

Abstract: An aqueous or organic solvent medium for additive manufacturing technologies comprising a nanocrystal comprising a functional group. The nanocrystal material is selected from a metal oxide, fluoride, metallic, carbon-based, semiconducting quantum dot or combinations thereof. The functional group comprises primary amine, carboxylic acid, lactam ring, polyamide polymer chain or group used to attach a similar functional group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medical device comprising a printable electrical component (1), the printable electrical component (1) comprising a plastic substrate (L1) wherein at least electrical component (E) is applied to the plastic substrate, wherein the electrical component (E) comprises a dried conductive ink, wherein the plastic substrate is selected from the group comprising polycarbonate, cycloolefin copolymers, polymethylacrylate, polypropylene and wherein the dried conductive ink comprise silver and/or gold, wherein the electrical component (E) comprises feather-like and/or meander-like and/or spiral-shaped sections, whereby the medical device further comprises a fluid line, wherein the printable electrical component is located on the outside of the fluid line.

Abstract: A method for depositing a conductive coating on a surface is provided, the method including treating the surface by depositing fullerene on the surface to produce a treated surface and depositing the conductive coating on the treated surface. The conductive coating generally includes magnesium. A product and an organic optoelectronic device produced according to the method are also provided.

Abstract: Electrochemical impedance-based label-free and rapid biosensor for select bodily fluid biomolecule levels. Monoclonal antibodies to of biomolecule such as cortisol were covalently attached to a 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid functionalized gold working electrode using zero-length crosslinkers N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide and 10 mM N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide. Cortisol was detected in phosphate buffered saline (simulated tear fluid) using a simple ferrocyanide reagent with a lower limit of detection of 18.73 pM and less than 10% relative standard deviation.

Abstract: A strain engineered material including a monolayer graphene sheet comprising an array of wrinkles induced by deformations in the graphene sheet, the deformations formed by a lattice of underlying nanostructures on a substrate. The lattice of nanostructures comprises rows of the nanostructures and each of the wrinkles comprise a ridge aligned on top of a different one of the rows and along an alignment direction defined by the rows. The deformations pattern a strain distribution in the graphene sheet that induces a periodically varying pseudo magnetic field distribution ranging between a positive value and a negative values. The periodically varying pseudo magnetic field distribution has field magnitude minima located parallel to and between the ridges and field magnitude maxima located near to and parallel to each of the ridges and can be designed for various valleytronic and spintronic device applications.

Abstract: In order to provide a conductive heat radiation film that can stabilize the shape, a conductive heat radiation film 30 includes: a first heated film 28 including a plurality of first metal particles 27b; and a plurality of carbon nanotubes 24 including tips 24a adhered to the first heated film 28.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): (Core)n-(X)m wherein Core is a core group; n is 0 and m is 1, or n is 1 and m is at least 1; and X is a group of formula (II): wherein: R1, R3 and R5 are each independently H or a substituent; R2 and R4 are each a substituent; one of R1-R5 is a direct bond or divalent linking group linking the group of formula (II) to Core in the case where n is 1; x and y are 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and the compound of formula (I) is substituted with at least one ionic substituent. The compound may be used as an n-dopant to dope an organic semiconductor.