Abstract: The present invention provides a “microminiaturizing method of nano-structure” with fabricating process steps as follows: First deposit the material of molecule or atom state on the top-opening of the nano cylindrical pore, which having formed on the substrate, so that the diameter of said top-opening gradually reduce to become a reduced nano-aperture, whose opening diameter is smaller than that of said top-opening; Then, directly pass the deposit material of gas molecule or atom state through said reduced nano-aperture; thereby a nano-structure of nano quantum dot, nano rod or nano ring with smaller nano scale is directly formed on the surface of said substrate, which being laid beneath the bottom of said nano cylindrical pore.

Abstract: Applying quantum dots to surface features of an electronic device to augment or replace reflective and transmissive features. Applying quantum dots can yield more efficient illumination of those features and can permit use of diverse internal light sources to cause those features to emit any color of visible light. An electronic device, keyboard for same and method of applying features to areas of the exterior surface of an electronic device are provided. Quantum dots are applied to an area of the exterior surface that is illuminated by the device's internal light source. The quantum dots absorb incident light then emit predetermined longer wavelength light. The interior light may be a UV light, high energy light emitting diode, or back light. The quantum dots can be applied to exterior surfaces, buttons or key on electronic devices, mobile devices, and keyboards for mobile devices.

Abstract: Kits for detecting a target material and methods of detecting a target material by using the kits are provided, the kits include a target material binding portion including a first molecule and a probe linked to the first molecule, and a target material detection portion including a plurality of nanoparticles each having a surface to which a compound having a zwitterion and a second molecule are linked. The first molecule is specifically bound to the second molecule in a pair.

Abstract: Provided is a transparent color solar cell, which includes a substrate, a first electrode layer disposed on the substrate, a transparent material layer including quantum dots having the same particle size, which absorb visible light provided from the sun through the first electrode layer and having a first wavelength region, and which selectively transmit visible light provided from the sun through the first electrode layer and having a second wavelength region, and a second electrode layer disposed on the transparent material layer.

Abstract: A rollable display screen for use in electronic display systems includes a rollable screen that is mechanically coupled to a roller mechanism and has a plurality of pixel elements disposed thereon. The roller mechanism is configured as a stowing mechanism for the rollable screen, and may be further configured to deploy the rollable screen as a substantially planar viewing surface. The rollable display screen can be advantageously used for a durable and easily transported electronic display device since the rollable display screen is light-weight, durable, and compact.

Abstract: Modified nanoparticles are disclosed. More specifically, nanoparticles modified with an agent through a triazole linkage are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of preparing modified nanoparticles and methods of using these modified nanoparticles.

Abstract: A solar cell comprises a p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer, and a superlattice semiconductor layer interposed between the p-type semiconductor layer and the n-type semiconductor layer, wherein the superlattice semiconductor layer has a stacked structure in which quantum layers and barrier layers are stacked alternately and repeatedly, wherein the stacked structure is formed whereby a miniband is formed by a quantum level of the quantum layers on the side of a conduction band, wherein an energy level at a bottom of the miniband is lower than an energy level at a bottom of the conduction band of the barrier layers, and an energy level at a top of the miniband is higher than an energy level, which is lower than the energy level at the bottom of the conduction band of the barrier layers by an amount twice as much as thermal energy at room temperature.

Abstract: A sensitive and specific method of detecting chemical species, viruses and microorganisms is presented to improve performance of molecular-recognition-based assays utilizing particles decorated with molecular recognition agents such as antibodies and DNA probes, and observing analyte-dependent changes in the response of the particles to forces such as magnetic or gravitational forces or Brownian thermal fluctuations.

Abstract: Light emitting devices include a light emitting diode (“LED”) and a recipient luminophoric medium that is configured to down-convert at least some of the light emitted by the LED. In some embodiments, the recipient luminophoric medium includes a first broad-spectrum luminescent material and a narrow-spectrum luminescent material. The broad-spectrum luminescent material may down-convert radiation emitted by the LED to radiation having a peak wavelength in the red color range. The narrow-spectrum luminescent material may also down-convert radiation emitted by the LED into the cyan, green or red color range.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting an analyte, which method comprises: a) applying an alternating voltage to the analyte, wherein the alternating voltage comprises a plurality of superimposed frequencies sufficient to distinguish the presence of the analyte by electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS); and b) determining the identity and/or quantity of the analyte from EIS data.

Abstract: The invention provides a new class of photoconductive materials and devices, and methods for obtaining high internal photoconductive gain. The devices include a semiconductor or material with an electronic band gap provided in a confined geometry and which exhibits multi-exciton generation (MEG) when illuminated with photons with energies above the threshold for MEG. Due to carrier-carrier Coulombic interactions, multi-excitons within the confined material efficiently recombine via Auger recombination, in which a carrier from one exciton is excited to a higher energy level relative to the band edge. Carriers excited by Auger recombination are subsequently trapped by trap states that capture carriers excited high above the band edge more efficiently than carriers near the band edge. Carriers trapped by the trap states allow for the collection and recirculation of untrapped carriers of opposite charge when used as a photoconductive device, producing high internal photoconductive gain.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for preparing large soluble graphenes. The method comprises attaching one or more hindering groups to the graphene, which can prevent face-to-face graphene stacking by reducing the effects of inter-graphene attraction. The large graphenes can absorb a wide spectrum of light from UV to near infrared, and are useful in photovoltaic devices and sensitizers in nanocrystalline solar cells.

Abstract: Provided are a DNA sequence analysis method of high precision providing improved optical limits by detecting wavelengths of lights emitted from labels in the state where a DNA is electrically tethered and completely stretch, and a nanodevice chip for automating the method. Also provided are a DNA sequence analysis method capable of removing binding errors through complementarily binding between a plurality of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) labeled with labels emitting lights of different wavelengths and a target DNA to be sequenced, and resolving the limit in optical spatial resolution.

Abstract: The invention relates to the discovery of cancer antigens associated with ovarian cancer. In further aspects, the invention relates to methods, compositions and kits for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, particularly ovarian and pancreatic cancers.

Abstract: The present invention provides simple and inexpensive assays for the detection of virtually any analyte in any sample that is in liquid form or that can be solubilized. The assays utilize the fluid dynamics of drop evaporation whereby soluble materials, including analytes and particles binding thereto, are drawn to the edge of the drop and ultimately form a concentrated residual ring. The presence or absence of certain reagents can then be detected through a number of different approaches.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer comprising a segment of Formula (I): wherein, R is either absent or a linking group, n is an integer greater than 0; and m is an integer from 1 to 6.

Abstract: A light surface display for providing a three-dimensional image having a volumetric display, a first projection system, and a second projection system. The first projection system projects electromagnetic energy into the volumetric display sequentially along the length and width of the volumetric display in a series of 2D image slices. The second projection system projects electromagnetic energy in a series of slices along the depth of the volumetric display. Particles intersected by the first and second wavelengths form illuminated two-dimensional cross sections at specific locations in the volumetric display.

Abstract: Graphene particulates, especially graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and graphene quantum dots Ds and and a high-throughput process for the production of such particulates is provided. The graphene particulates are produced by a nanotomy process in which graphene blocks are cut from a source of graphite and then exfoliated into a plurality of graphene particulates. Graphene particulates having narrow widths, on the order of 100 nm or less, can be produced having band gap properties suitable for use in a variety of electrical applications.

Abstract: Directional albedo of a particular article, such as an identity card, is measured and stored. When the article is later presented, it can be confirmed to be the same particular article by re-measuring the albedo function, and checking for correspondence against the earlier-stored data. The re-measuring can be performed through us of a handheld optical device, such as a camera-equipped cell phone. The albedo function can serve as random key data in a variety of cryptographic applications. The function can be changed during the life of the article through use of a variety of different card constructions (e.g., involving quantum dots, phase change materials, MEMS structures, etc.). A variety of other arrangements and features are also detailed.

Abstract: A solar cell including a quantum dot and an electron conductor, with a bifunctional ligand disposed between the quantum dot and the electron conductor. The bifunctional ligand molecule may include an electron conductor anchor that bonds to the electron conductor and a first quantum dot anchor that bonds to the quantum dot. A hole conductor such as a conductive polymer may include a second quantum dot anchor. In some instances, the first quantum dot may include selenium.

Abstract: Generally, aspects of the present disclosure are directed to conjugate systems, self-illuminating quantum dot conjugates, methods of detecting a target in a host, methods of treating a disease in a host, and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising a micelle for use in biological applications, the micelle comprising: a substantially water-insoluble conjugated polymer which exhibits luminescence or fluorescence from about 300 nm to about 1500 nm of the electromagnetic spectrum: a biocompatible surfactant and/or lipid: and a MRI active agent.

Abstract: Compositions comprising nanosized objects (i.e., nanoparticles) in which at least one observable marker, such as a radioisotope or fluorophore, is incorporated within the nanosized object. The nanosized objects include, for example, metal or semi-metal oxide (e.g., silica), quantum dot, noble metal, magnetic metal oxide, organic polymer, metal salt, and core-shell nanoparticles, wherein the label is incorporated within the nanoparticle or selectively in a metal oxide shell of a core-shell nanoparticle. Methods of preparing the volume-labeled nanoparticles are also described.

Abstract: A method for magnetic sorting of mammalian sperm cells having damaged membranes is described. In an embodiment of the invention, carboxyl-group functionalized magnetic particles are conjugated to propidium iodide, the resulting composition is mixed with a sample of sperm cells, and sperm cells bound to magnetic particles are separated by magnetic-activated cell sorting.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and methods for intracellular delivery of a contrast agent with a functionalized nanoparticle.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to lattice-mismatched core-shell quantum dots (QDs). In certain embodiments, the lattice-mismatched core-shell QDs are used in methods for photovoltaic or photoconduction applications. They are also useful for multicolor molecular, cellular, and in vivo imaging.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a membrane sensor having a multi-hole film attached thereto and a method for measuring immunological reactions or enzymatic reactions using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a membrane sensor in which a multi-hole film is joined to the top of a membrane on which receptors are immobilized, and a method for measuring immunological reactions or enzymatic reactions using the same. The present invention makes it possible to adjust the sensitivity of membrane biosensors by adjusting the hole size in the multi-hole film and so makes it possible to measure analytes with a high degree of sensitivity using just a small amount of sample, and makes it possible to simultaneously measure diverse types of analyte by attaching various types of receptor on the membrane sensor.

Abstract: Methods and systems for sequencing a biological molecule or polymer, e.g., a nucleic acid, are provided. One or more donor labels, which are attached to a pore or nanopore, may be illuminated or otherwise excited. A polymer having a monomer labeled with one or more acceptor labels, may be translocated through the pore. Either before, after or while the labeled monomer of the polymer passes through, exits or enters the pore, energy may be transferred from the excited donor label to the acceptor label of the monomer. As a result of the energy transfer, the acceptor label emits energy, and the emitted energy is detected in order to identify the labeled monomer of the translocated polymer and to thereby sequence the polymer.

Abstract: DNA aptamers are high affinity ligands selected by genetic enrichment techniques to bind to specific protein targets. Because these represent chemically stable and reproducible molecules, they have application as affinity reagents and/or therapeutic drugs to affect the target protein's actions. NF-kB is an important mediator of the innate immune response and mediator of tissue inflammation. Although RNA and double stranded DNA aptamers have been identified to bind to the NF-kB family of proteins, the present invention represents the first identification of single stranded DNA aptamers that recognize NFkB RelA. The aptamers disclosed herein bind to several distinct regions of RelA and may be useful to antagonize the DNA binding of RelA as an inhibitor of cellular inflammation, visualize the location or amount of RelA in tissues from pathological conditions, or to quantitatively measure the activated state of RelA by affinity binding.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of thermodynamically incompatible surfaces in agglutination assays for the express purpose of using the sample as a key component of the detection instrument. Specifically, the invention relates to formation of a lense and a virtual container for rapid mixing via thermal energy by a sample liquid disposed on a superhydrophobic surfaces, and a subsequent specific analyte or overall protein concentration assay using particles agglutination for use in the industrial, environmental, and clinical laboratory test fields.

Abstract: A method is provided for preparing luminescent semiconductor nanoparticles composed of a first component X, a second component A, and a third component B, wherein X, A, and B are different, by combining B with X and A in an amount such that the molar ratio B:(A+B) is in the range of approximately 0.001 to 0.20 and the molar ratio X:(A+B) is in the range of approximately 0.5:1.0 to 2:1. The characteristics of the thus-prepared nanoparticles can be substantially similar to those of nanoparticles containing only X and B while maintaining many useful properties characteristic of nanoparticles containing only X and A. The nanoparticles so prepared can additionally exhibit emergent properties such as a peak emission energy less than that characteristic of a particle composed of XA or XB alone; this method is particularly applicable to the preparation of stable, bright nanoparticles that emit in the red to infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of making junction devices, such as, fabrication methods. In certain embodiments, the junction device is a graphene/oxide semiconductor Schottky junction device or graphene/oxide semiconductor p-n heterojunction device. In certain instances, the Schottky junction device comprises graphene vapor-deposited directly on thin films, nanowires, nanotubes, nanobelts or nanoparticles, while the p-n heterojunction device is manufactured by doping the graphene of the Schottky junction device.

Abstract: A solar cell may include a quantum dot and an electron conductor. A bifunctional ligand may be disposed between the quantum dot and the electron conductor. The ligand molecule may include an electron conductor anchor that bonds to the electron conductor and a first quantum dot anchor that bonds to the quantum dot. A hole conductor such as a conductive polymer may include a second quantum dot anchor.

Abstract: The use of nanostructures to monitor or modulate changes in cellular membrane potentials is disclosed. Nanoparticles having phospholipid coatings were found to display improved responses relative to nanoparticles having other coatings that do not promote localization or attraction to membranes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel dendrimer compounds and methods of synthesizing the same. In particular, the present invention is directed to novel polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers, novel dendrimer branching units, methods for synthesizing such novel PAMAM dendrimers and functionalized dendrimers, as well as systems and methods utilizing the dendrimers (e.g., in diagnostic and/or therapeutic settings (e.g., for the delivery of therapeutics, imaging, and/or targeting agents (e.g., in disease diagnosis and/or therapy, etc.))).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods and/or uses of oligonucleotide conjugates for assays and microscopy/imaging detections and related systems and/or kits. Certain methods are directed to a method for detecting one or more biological targets of a sample in a detection assay, comprising: providing a molecular probe, comprising a binding moiety and an oligonucleotide sequence, to a sample comprising one or more biological targets; binding the one or more biological targets with the binding moiety; providing a detectable component to the sample, wherein the detectable component comprises a signal generating moiety conjugated to an oligonucleotide sequence complementary to the oligonucleotide sequence of the molecular probe; hydridizing the oligonucleotide sequence of the target-bound molecular probe to the detectable component; and detecting a signal generated from the hydridized detectable component. Various other embodiments, applications etc. are disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a formulation comprising a medium, one or more stabilizers, and one or more particles comprising nanoparticles included within a host material. In certain embodiments, a stabilizer comprises a HALS stabilizer. In certain embodiments, a stabilizer comprises a UVA stabilizer. In certain embodiments, the formulation includes a HALS stabilizer and a UVA stabilizer. In certain embodiments, nanoparticles have light-emissive properties. Other embodiments relate to a powder obtainable from a formulation of the invention, a composition including a powder of the invention, a coating comprising a formulation of the invention, and products and applications including a particle of the invention. In preferred embodiments, a nanoparticle comprises a semiconductor nanocrystal. In certain embodiments, a host material comprises a polymer. In certain embodiments, a host material comprises an inorganic material. A raw batch formulation and particle obtainable therefrom is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems, devices, and methods employing fiber optic shape and position tracking. The systems, devices, and methods permit measurement of and continuous tracking of the shape and position of objects whose shape dynamically changes with time. Applications include tracking and monitoring of endoscopes for diagnostic and surgical procedures.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods and/or uses of oligonucleotide conjugates for assays and flow cytometry detections and related systems and/or kits. Certain methods are directed to a method for detecting one or more biological targets of a sample in a detection assay, comprising: providing a molecular probe, comprising a binding moiety and an oligonucleotide sequence, to a sample comprising one or more biological targets; binding the one or more biological targets with the binding moiety; providing a detectable component to the sample, wherein the detectable component comprises a signal generating moiety conjugated to an oligonucleotide sequence complementary to the oligonucleotide sequence of the molecular probe; hydridizing the oligonucleotide sequence of the target-bound molecular probe to the detectable component; and detecting a signal generated from the hydridized detectable component. Various other embodiments, applications etc. are disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a single-quantum dot device and a method of manufacturing the same. A transparent dielectric thin film is formed on a cover layer and an energy band of quantum dots is adjusted based on compressive stress due to difference in coefficient of thermal expansion therebetween. Specifically, the dielectric thin film has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the cover layer and compressive stress is applied to the cover layer by radiation of laser beams. Then, the quantum dots undergo compressive stress and the energy band of the quantum dots increases with increasing intensity of the laser beams.

Abstract: Optical and optoelectronic devices and methods of making same. Under one aspect, an optical device includes an integrated circuit an array of conductive regions; and an optically sensitive material over at least a portion of the integrated circuit and in electrical communication with at least one conductive region of the array of conductive regions. Under another aspect, a method of forming a nanocrystalline film includes fabricating a plurality of nanocrystals having a plurality of first ligands attached to their outer surfaces; exchanging the first ligands for second ligands of different chemical composition than the first ligands; forming a film of the ligand-exchanged nanocrystals; removing the second ligands; and fusing the cores of adjacent nanocrystals in the film to form an electrical network of fused nanocrystals.

Abstract: Provided are a resonance tunneling device and a method of manufacturing the resonance tunneling device. The resonance tunneling device includes a substrate, a plurality of electrodes disposed on the substrate, and a nanoparticle layer disposed between the electrodes, and doped with an impurity. The nanoparticle layer uses the impurity to exhibit resonance tunneling where a current peak occurs at a target bias voltage applied between the electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods for detecting the presence of a complex between a first reagent and a second reagent in solution. In particular, the invention provides methods for qualitative or quantitative detection of an analyte or its specific binding partner in complex biological samples. The invention further discloses algorithms using summary rate changes at selected wavelengths in the absorbance spectra of colloidal metal-labeled analytes or specific binding partners to identify intermolecular interactions between the analyte and its binding partner.

Abstract: There is herein described a LED lighting device utilizing quantum dots in layers on top of an LED chip. The quantum dots layers and the LED chip are arranged with gradient refractive indices, so that the refractive index of each layer is preferably less than the refractive index of the immediately underlying layer or chip. The quantum dots with emission peaks at longer wavelengths are preferably arranged in lower layers closer to the LED chip; while the quantum dots with emission peaks at shorter wavelengths are arranged in higher layers farther from the LED chip.

Abstract: A method to link a light emitting reporter to biomolecules with nucleotide oligomers is described. The light reporter particles are silylated and functionalized to produce a coated light reporter particle, prior to covalently linking the biomolecules to the light reporter particle. The light reporter particle generated by the methods of the invention can be excited by a light excitation source such as UV or IR light, and when the biomolecule is DNA, the attached DNA molecule(s) are detectable by amplification techniques such as PCR.

Abstract: An embodiment of a microcapsule includes a shell surrounding a space, a liquid within the shell, and a light absorbing material within the liquid. An embodiment of a method of making microcapsules includes forming a mixture of a light absorbing material and an organic solution. An emulsion of the mixture and an aqueous solution is then formed. A polymerization agent is added to the emulsion, which causes microcapsules to be formed. Each microcapsule includes a shell surrounding a space, a liquid within the shell, and light absorbing material within the liquid. An embodiment of a method of using microcapsules includes providing phototriggerable microcapsules within a bulk material. Each of the phototriggerable microcapsules includes a shell surrounding a space, a chemically reactive material within the shell, and a light absorbing material within the shell.

Abstract: The use of semiconductor nanocrystals as detectable labels in various chemical and biological applications is disclosed. The methods find use for detecting a single analyte, as well as multiple analytes by using more than one semiconductor nanocrystal as a detectable label, each of which emits at a distinct wavelength.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal heterostructure has a core of a first semiconductor material surrounded by an overcoating of a second semiconductor material. Upon excitation, one carrier can be substantially confined to the core and the other carrier can be substantially confined to the overcoating.

Abstract: The present application relates to polymer-conjugated quantum dots. The quantum dots can include, for example, an inorganic core conjugated to a polymer. The quantum dots may, in some embodiments, be water-soluble and exhibit superior photoluminescence. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the quantum dots.

Abstract: Provided are methods for introducing a molecule of interest into a plant cell having a cell wall by using a QD-peptide conjugate having a quantum dot (QD) with one or more cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). Methods are provided for genetically or otherwise modifying plants and for treating or preventing disease in plant cells comprising a cell wall.