Abstract: Provided are methods for introducing a molecule of interest into a plant cell having a cell wall by using a QD-peptide conjugate having a quantum dot (QD) with one or more cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). Methods are provided for genetically or otherwise modifying plants and for treating or preventing disease in plant cells comprising a cell wall.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device includes a first electrode, a quantum dot layer disposed on the first electrode including a plurality of quantum dots, a fullerene layer disposed directly on the quantum dot layer wherein the quantum dot layer and the fullerene layer form an electronic heterojunction, and a second electrode disposed on the fullerene layer. The device may include an electron blocking layer. The quantum dot layer may be modified by a chemical treatment to exhibit in creased charge carrier mobility.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and methods of delivering a chemotherapeutic agent via a polynueleotide-functionalized nanoparticle (PN-NP).

Abstract: Nanoparticle (e.g., quantum dot) compositions and methods for delivery of substances (e.g., microbicies, fungicides, pesticides, therapeutic agents, biologics, diagnostic agents, dyes, marker substances or tags, etc.) to desired locations within plants or animals. In some embodiments, the quantum dot or naoparticle may be substantially free of cadmiun. In some embodiments, the methods may be employed to prevent to treat fungus or fungus-like infections in pains, such as agricultural crops.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nanohybrid type nitrogen monoxide detecting sensor and a production method therefor in which the nanohybrid type nitrogen monoxide detecting sensor includes a fluorescent semiconducting quantum dot and a transition metal compound. Employing a nanohybrid structure including semiconducting quantum dot nano-particles combined with a molecule recognizer selectively looming a bonding to nitrogen monoxide, the nitrogen monoxide detecting sensor is enabled to detect an infinitesimal amount of nitrogen monoxide by bringing about photoluminescence upon detection of nitrogen monoxide.

Abstract: This invention provides novel fuel cell electrodes and catalysts comprising a series of catalytically active thin-film metal alloys with low platinum concentration supported on nanostructured materials (nanoparticles). Processing of the electrodes and catalysts can include electrodeposition methods, and high-pressure coating techniques. In certain embodiments, an integrated gas-diffusion/electrode/catalyst layer can be prepared by processing catalyst thin films and nanoparticles into gas-diffusion media such as Toray or SGL carbon fiber papers. The catalysts can be placed in contact with an electrolyte membrane for PEM fuel cell applications.

Abstract: A process including article of manufacture, utilizes nanoparticles, such as quantum dots, as pigment or dye-pigment to color an article, via dye-sublimation, printing, coloring, or painting methods. Garments or decorative media are manufactured utilizing these methods to incorporate nanoparticles as coloring agents.

Abstract: Antennas systems are disclosed providing for the use of heat harvesters such as thermophotovoltaic cell materials for converting waste heat from antenna transmitters into useful electricity. A further aspect of the present disclosure provides for transmitters that include high-temperature solid-state power amplifiers for operation at relatively high temperatures, reducing or eliminating the need for thermal heat spreaders or heat sinks. Quantum-effect thermophotovoltaic cells, including quantum-dot based thermophotovoltaic cells are described. Field-coupling is described to extract energy from a quantum-dot based TPV. Novel solar cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for fabricating porous materials using thixotropic gels. A shear force is applied to a thixotropic material causing the material to flow. Multiple components are added to the thixotropic material while applying the shear force causing the multiple components to be distributed in the material. The shear force is removed such that the static properties of the thixotropic material in the absence of the shear force retain a distribution of the multiple components in the thixotropic material to form a composite gel material that includes liquid within a network of inter-connected solid particles that include the distributed plurality of components. The liquid in the composite gel material is removed to form a porous composite material.

Abstract: A photodetector is described along with corresponding materials, systems, and methods. The photodetector comprises an integrated circuit and at least two optically sensitive layers. A first optically sensitive layer is over at least a portion of the integrated circuit, and a second optically sensitive layer is over the first optically sensitive layer. Each optically sensitive layer is interposed between two electrodes. The two electrodes include a respective first electrode and a respective second electrode. The integrated circuit selectively applies a bias to the electrodes and reads signals from the optically sensitive layers. The signal is related to the number of photons received by the respective optically sensitive layer.

Abstract: Highly uniform silica nanoparticles can be formed into stable dispersions with a desirable small secondary particle size. The silican particles can be surface modified to form the dispersions. The silica nanoparticles can be doped to change the particle properties and/or to provide dopant for subsequent transfer to other materials. The dispersions can be printed as an ink for appropriate applications. The dispersions can be used to selectively dope semiconductor materials such as for the formation of photovoltaic cells or for the formation of printed electronic circuits.

Abstract: The invention provides ion-selective sensors capable of selectively measuring ions, e.g., Na+, K+, Cl?, etc., in the cytosol of a single living cell. The sensor comprises one or more quantum dots or a fluorescent dye, a pH-sensitive dye, and optionally an ion-selective component such as an ionophore. These elements may, for example, be disposed in a polymer matrix. The polymer matrix comprises an internalizing moiety which enables the sensor to localize within the cytosol of a cell. The internalizing moiety comprises a small molecule or peptide such as an amine, antepennepedia, mastoparan, or melittin that react under acidic conditions to release a sensor from the confines of a endosome. Once in the cytosol the sensors may detect ionic analytes by selective ion extraction by the polymer, thereby inducing a pH change within the sensor which in turn changes the absorbance of the pH-sensitive dye. The change of absorbance may in turn attenuate the intensity of detectable emissions, e.g.

Abstract: A method and composition for hyperthermally diagnosing and monitoring treatment of cells with photoacoustic sound and nanoparticles.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to mixed micelle compositions for administration of e.g., therapeutic agents or imaging agents to a subject.

Abstract: A photodetector includes one or more photodiodes and a signal processing circuit. Each photodiode includes a transparent first electrode, a second electrode, and a heterojunction interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. Each heterojunction includes a quantum dot layer and a fullerene layer disposed directly on the quantum dot layer. The signal processing circuit is in signal communication each the second electrode. The photodetector may be responsive to wavelengths in the infrared, visible, and/or ultraviolet ranges. The quantum dot layer may be treated with a chemistry that increases the charge carrier mobility of the quantum dot layer.

Abstract: A detection device and method for detecting one or more analytes of interest in a test sample are provided. Some embodiments use analyte-specific binding partners that are conjugated to quantum dots (Qdots) for use in detecting the presence and/or quantity of the analytes of interest in a test sample. FRET based methods may to used enhance the quantum dot (Qdot) signal through complexing of the quantum dots with lanthanide chelates, such as terbium. Some embodiments of the invention provide a novel disposable testing device that contains, all in one, the components necessary for carrying out the novel assay detection system of the invention. The disposable testing device may be used at home, for example, to detect and quantitate, at ultrasensitive levels, multiple analytes in a biological sample with no requirement for professional assistance.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a hot carrier energy conversion structure, and a hot carrier energy conversion structure. The method comprises forming an energy selective contact ESC comprising a tunnelling layer; forming a carrier generation layer on the ESC; and forming a semiconductor contact without a tunnelling layer on the carrier generation layer.

Abstract: A fabrication method is provided for a core-shell-shell (CSS) nanowire transistor (NWT). The method provides a cylindrical CSS nanostructure with a semiconductor core, an insulator shell, and a conductive shell. The CSS nanostructure has a lower hemicylinder overlying a substrate surface. A first insulating film is conformally deposited overlying the CSS nanostructure and anisotropically plasma etched. Insulating reentrant stringers are formed adjacent the nanostructure lower hemicylinder. A conductive film is conformally deposited and selected regions are anisotropically plasma etched, forming conductive film gate straps overlying a gate electrode in a center section of the CSS nanostructure. An isotropically etching removes the insulating reentrant stringers adjacent the center section of the CSS nanostructure, and an isotropically etching of the conductive shell overlying the S/D regions is performed. A screen oxide layer is deposited over the CSS nanostructure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an opaque, transparent or translucent transaction card having multiple features, such as a holographic foil, integrated circuit chip, silver magnetic stripe with text on the magnetic stripe, opacity gradient, an invisible optically recognizable compound, a translucent signature field such that the signature on back of the card is visible from the front of the card and an active thru date on the front of the card. The invisible optically recognizable compound is preferably an infrared ink comprising an infrared phthalocyanine dye, an infrared phosphor, and a quantum dot energy transfer compound. The infrared ink can be detected by a sensor found in an ATM or card assembly line.

Abstract: Embodiments of a system, method, and kit for visualizing a nucleus are disclosed. A tissue sample is pretreated with a protease to permeabilize the nucleus, and then incubated with a nanoparticle/DNA-binding moiety conjugate. The DNA-binding moiety includes at least one DNA-binding molecule. The conjugate binds to DNA within the nucleus, and the nanoparticle is visualized, thereby visualizing the nucleus. Computer and image analysis techniques are used to evaluate nuclear features such as chromosomal distribution, ploidy, shape, size, texture features, and/or contextual features. The method may be used in combination with other multiplexed tests on the tissue sample, including fluorescence in situ hybridization. Kits for performing the method include a protease enzyme composition, a nanoparticle/DNA-binding moiety conjugate, and a reaction buffer.

Abstract: Assays for detecting antibodies to pharmaceutical preparations, food allergens and environmental allergens are described.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for radionuclide probes, methods of using the radionuclide probes, methods of detecting an optical signal from radionuclides, methods of detecting an optical signal from a quantum dot(s) that receives optical energy from a radionuclide(s), system for analyzing optical energy emitted by a radionuclide(s), system for imaging a target within a living subject or a sample, methods of imaging a disease or condition, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a complex of a protein comprising zinc oxide-binding peptides and zinc oxide nanoparticles, to the use thereof as a drug delivery carrier for manufacturing medicines, and to a vaccine composition and a contrast agent comprising the composite. The protein comprising zinc oxide-binding peptides significantly improves the in vivo availability of zinc oxide-binding peptides, and therefore the complex of the present invention can be used not only as a drug delivery carrier for in vivo drug delivery or intracellular drug delivery, but also for in vivo imaging or cell imaging. The complex can be used for producing separating agents for effectively separating biological materials, therapeutic agents for hyperthermia, etc., contrast agents for MRI, and beads applicable to biosensors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an organosilicon nanocluster, wherein a silicon cluster is substituted with a conductive organic material, a silicon thin film including the same, a thin film transistor including the silicon thin film, a display device including the thin film transistor, and methods of forming the same. The organosilicon nanocluster may more easily and efficiently form a thin film while maintaining electrical characteristics of an amorphous silicon thin film.

Abstract: A touch screen includes a substrate, and a coating attached to the substrate. The coating includes titanium dioxide and cadmium selenide in a relative weight ratio of about 3:1. The particle size of the titanium dioxide is about 2 nanometers. The particle size of the cadmium selenide ranges from about 2.3 to about 3.7 nanometers.

Abstract: CIGS absorber layers fabricated using coated semiconducting nanoparticles and/or quantum dots are disclosed. Core nanoparticles and/or quantum dots containing one or more elements from group 13 and/or IIIA and/or VIA may be coated with one or more layers containing elements group IB, IIIA or VIA. Using nanoparticles with a defined surface area, a layer thickness could be tuned to give the proper stoichiometric ratio, and/or crystal phase, and/or size, and/or shape. The coated nanoparticles could then be placed in a dispersant for use as an ink, paste, or paint. By appropriate coating of the core nanoparticles, the resulting coated nanoparticles can have the desired elements intermixed within the size scale of the nanoparticie, while the phase can be controlled by tuning the stochiomctiy, and the stoichiometry of the coated nanoparticle may be tuned by controlling the thickness of the coating(s).

Abstract: This invention provides the synthesis of biocompatible and high functional hybrid nanomaterials consisting of pseudorotaxanes, pseudopolyrotaxanes, rotaxanes, polyrotaxanes, nanoparticles and quantum dots (QDs). The molecular self-assembly of hybrid nanomaterials lead to the formation of nano-objects with different shapes such as core-shell, spindle-like or necklaces. Due to their well-defined molecular self-assemblies, carbohydrate backbone, high functionality and several types of functional groups together with the high luminescence yield, thermal and physical properties and synthesized hybrid nanostructures were recognized as promising candidates for a wide range of applications.

Abstract: Particles are bioactivated by attaching bioactivation peptides to the particle surface. The bioactivation peptides are peptide-based compounds that impart one or more biologically important functions to the particles. Each bioactivation peptide includes a molecular or surface recognition part that binds with the surface of the particle and one or more functional parts. The surface recognition part includes an amino-end and a carboxy-end and is composed of one or more hydrophobic spacers and one or more binding clusters. The functional part(s) is attached to the surface recognition part at the amino-end and/or said carboxy-end.

Abstract: A method of making a colloidal solution of indium phosphide semiconductor nanocrystals, includes forming a first solution by combining solvents and ligands; and heating the first solution to a temperature equal to or higher than 290° C. and, while heating, adding to the first solution, a second solution containing trialkylindium, a phosphorus precursor and solvents and ligands so that a reaction takes place that forms a colloidal solution of indium phosphide semiconductor nanocrystals. The method further includes forming core shell indium phosphide semiconductor nanocrystals by forming semiconducting shells on the nanocrystals.

Abstract: The invention provides processes for the manufacture of conductive transparent films and electronic or optoelectronic devices comprising same.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of manufacturing nanoparticles such as quantum dots at desired nanopore locations in a membrane. The methods disclosed use voltage-driven electrolyte flow to drive the nanoparticle formation.

Abstract: A process comprises (a) combining (1) at least one base and (2) at least one metal carboxylate salt comprising (i) a metal cation selected from metal cations that form amphoteric metal oxides or oxyhydroxides and (ii) a carboxylate anion comprising from one to four alkyleneoxy moieties, or metal carboxylate salt precursors comprising (i) at least one metal salt comprising the metal cation and a non-interfering anion and (ii) at least one carboxylic acid comprising from one to four alkyleneoxy moieties, at least one salt of the carboxylic acid and a non-interfering, non-metal cation, or a mixture thereof; and (b) allowing the base and the metal carboxylate salt or metal carboxylate salt precursors to react.

Abstract: Semiconductor nanocrystals including III-V semiconductors can include a core including III-V alloy. The nanocrystal can include an overcoating including a II-VI semiconductor.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a kidney-imaging agent which is composed of bioabsorbable materials, transiently accumulates in a kidney for a short period of time, and does not remain in the kidney for a prolonged time after accumulation. The present invention provides a kidney-imaging agent which comprises a gelatin-like protein.

Abstract: A detecting method is herein disclosed. The method includes steps of providing an eukaryotic cell, having a cell nucleus and a cell membrane, wherein the cell nucleus endogenetically translates a first receptor and a second receptor, and wherein the first receptor and the second receptor pass through the cell nucleus and translocate to the cell membrane; coupling the first receptor to a first bioactive ligand with a quantum dot; washing the cell coupled with the first bioactive ligand and the quantum dot by centrifugation; coupling the second receptor to a second bioactive ligand with a magnetic bead; washing the cell coupled with the first bioactive ligand and the second bioactive ligand by magnetic separation; irradiating a exciting energy for the quantum dot to emit a fluorescence, wherein the quantum dot coupled with the cell is excited in a pH range from pH 9 to pH 14; and detecting the fluorescence.

Abstract: Powdered quantum dots that can be dispersed into a silicone layer are provided. The powdered quantum dots are a plurality of quantum dot particles, preferably on the micron or nanometer scale. The powdered quantum dots can include quantum dot-dielectric particle complexes or quantum dot-crosslinked silane complexes. The powdered quantum dots can included quantum dot particles coated with a dielectric layer.

Abstract: Labels and methods of producing labels for use in clinical, analytical and pharmaceutical development assays are provided. Labels may comprise shape-encoded particles which may be coupled to ligands such as DNA, RNA and antibodies, where different shapes are used to identify which ligand(s) are present. Labels may also comprise reflectors, including retroreflectors and retroreflectors susceptible to analyte-dependent assembly for efficient homogeneous assays.

Abstract: Disclosed are a device and a method for the design and fabrication of the device for enhancing the brightness of luminescent molecules, nanostructures, and thin films. The device includes a mirror, a dielectric medium or spacer, an absorptive layer, and a luminescent layer. The absorptive layer is a continuous thin film of a strongly absorbing organic or inorganic material. The luminescent layer may be a continuous luminescent thin film or an arrangement of isolated luminescent species, e.g., organic or metal-organic dye molecules, semiconductor quantum dots, or other semiconductor nanostructures, supported on top of the absorptive layer.

Abstract: An optical component including an optical material comprising quantum confined semiconductor nanoparticles, wherein the optical material has a solid state photoluminescent efficiency greater than or equal to 60%. Devices including optical materials and/or optical components and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A marker for protection valuable liquid and solid materials comprising organic or nonoraganic liquid solvents as dispersed medium, surface active substances on nanomaker, characterized in that nanomarker is a homogeneous mixture of two or more different nanoluminophors, favourable chosen from metals, nanocrystalline metal oxides -A2O3, -granates-A3B5O12, per-ovskites-AB03, spinels-AB2O4 or stoichiometric compounds with large concentrations of optically active ions like fluorides, oxy-chlorides and others.

Abstract: A nanoparticle-based delivery system and methods for its use are disclosed. In one aspect, a nanoparticle-based delivery system comprising at least one molecule such as proteins, DNA/RNA or fragments thereof, carbohydrates, enzymes, chemicals, virus cells, bacteria, parts of a virus, parts of a bacteria, parts of a cell, part of a tissue, or a combination of one or more of these, which shall be referred to as immunogens, are chemically or physically combined with water soluble nanoparticles which, when administered to a living system, is capable of eliciting a desired immunological response. More particularly, the invention relates to nanoparticle-based delivery systems that are specifically engineered to enhance humoral or cellular immune response without the use of adjuvants.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods are disclosed herein for detecting one or more physiological conditions in lungs of a vertebrate subject. A method is described for administering at least one microparticle to lungs of a vertebrate subject, wherein the at least one microparticle includes one or more markers; wherein the one or more markers is configured to be released in response to one or more physiological conditions in the vertebrate subject; and detecting the one or more markers in a lung exhalant of the vertebrate subject.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of fabricating a silicon quantum dot layer and a device manufactured using the same. A first capping layer is formed on a substrate, and a silicon-containing precursor layer is formed on the first capping layer. A second capping layer is formed on the silicon-containing precursor layer. The first capping layer, the silicon-containing precursor layer, and the second capping layer are irradiated to convert the silicon-containing precursor layer into a stack including a first poly-crystalline silicon layer, a silicon quantum dot layer on the first poly-crystalline silicon layer, and a second poly-crystalline silicon layer on the silicon quantum dot layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitizer-containing nanoparticle, comprising a photosensitizer covalently bonded throughout at least a part of said nanoparticle to the nanoparticle matrix material and incorporated therein in a quasi-aggregated state. The present invention further relates to methods for producing the invention nanoparticles, and to methods of killing cancer cells by PDT treatment using the said nanoparticles.

Abstract: Method of preparing a particle dispersion within a polymer is disclosed. The dispersion may include core shell rubber particles and the polymer may include epoxies. The particles are capable of being substantially dispersed within the polymer so as to substantially inhibit agglomeration of the particles. Mechanical properties, such as toughness are improved while glass transition temperature and viscosity are not substantially impaired by the presence of the particles.

Abstract: The present invention include fluorescent nanocrystals which have high fluorescence intensity, are water soluble, exhibit physical and chemical stability, and whose spectral properties are detectably modified as the size of functional groups bonded to the nanocrystal surface change when contacted with target molecules in a sample. The molecules in the sample add to or reduce the size of functional groups on the fluorescent nanocrystal proportional to the activity and amount of the target molecules. The present invention may be used to detect telomerase in a sample.

Abstract: A unique family of nanoparticles characterized by their nanometric size and cage-like shapes (hollow structures), capable of holding in their hollow cavity a variety of materials is disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of light-converting, colloidal, doped semiconductor nanocrystals to provide a new generation of high performance, low cost monochromatic and white light sources based on LEDs.

Abstract: Compositions comprising nanosized objects (i.e., nanoparticles) in which at least one observable marker, such as a radioisotope or fluorophore, is incorporated within the nanosized object. The nanosized objects include, for example, metal or semi-metal oxide (e.g., silica), quantum dot, noble metal, magnetic metal oxide, organic polymer, metal salt, and core-shell nanoparticles, wherein the label is incorporated within the nanoparticle or selectively in a metal oxide shell of a core-shell nanoparticle. Methods of preparing the volume-labeled nanoparticles are also described.

Abstract: An encapsulation material and an electronic device, the encapsulation material including a resin, the resin including a first polysiloxane including hydrogen bonded with silicon (Si—H) at a terminal end thereof, and a second polysiloxane including an alkenyl group bonded with silicon (Si-Vi) at a terminal end thereof, a phosphor, and a density controlling agent, wherein a weight ratio of the density controlling agent to the phosphor is about 1.5:1 to about 10:1.