Abstract: A lamp uses a solid state source to pump one or more doped semiconductor nanophosphors to produce a light output of a desired characteristic. The nanophosphor(s) is dispersed in a material, examples of which include liquids and gases. Various nanophosphors are discussed. In the examples, the material with the doped semiconductor nanophosphor(s) dispersed therein appears at least substantially clear when the lamp is off. The exemplary lamp also includes circuitry for driving the solid state source and a housing that at least encloses the drive circuitry. The lamp has a lighting industry standard lamp base mechanically connected to the housing and electrically connected to provide electricity to the circuitry for driving the solid state source.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods of performing rapid nucleic acid detection using a flow through process. The methods comprise single-step signal amplification and/or a one-step hybridization protocol. Using the flow through hybridization process, the present invention provides a more efficient, faster and less expensive genotyping method. This invention further provides a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)-based DNA fingerprinting method for rapid and accurate genotyping, identification as well as DNA analyses of genetic materials from human beings and other different organisms. In addition this invention also discloses devices for rapid and sensitive analysis of target analysts.

Abstract: A water-stable semiconductor nanocrystal complex that is stable and has high luminescent quantum yield. The water-stable semiconductor nanocrystal complex has a semiconductor nanocrystal core of a III-V semiconductor nanocrystal material and a water-stabilizing layer. A method of making a water-stable semiconductor nanocrystal complex is also provided.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of biosynthesizing nanoparticles and quantum dots. The method may comprise culturing photosynthetic cells and/or fungal cells of a multicellular fungus in a culture medium comprising one or more species of metal in ionic or non-ionic form; and one or more counter elements to the one or more species of metal, or one or more compound comprising one or more counter elements to the one or more species of metal; wherein the cells biosynthesize nanoparticles and quantum dots incorporating the metal. The invention also provides biosynthesized nanoparticles and quantum dots.

Abstract: Methods and immunoassays for the determination of fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression in patients having or suspected of having a proliferative disorder, especially prostate cancer, are disclosed. The sensitive method and assay detect the level of expression of FAS in a biological sample using antibodies that are highly specific for FAS. The method and assay can be used to monitor the progression of cancer, and/or to predict the efficacy of certain treatments or the likelihood of recurrence of the cancer.

Abstract: A kit for determining a nucleotide sequence of a target nucleic acid, and a method of determining a nucleotide sequence of a target nucleic acid using the kit are disclosed.

Abstract: Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to compositions, methods, devices, systems, and products regarding frozen particles. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles include materials at low temperatures. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles provide vehicles for delivery of particular agents. In certain embodiments, the frozen particles are administered to at least one biological tissue.

Abstract: The inventive method for forming nano-dimensional clusters consists in introducing a solution containing a cluster-forming material into nano-pores of natural or artificial origin contained in a substrate material and in subsequently exposing said solution to a laser radiation pulse in such a way that a low-temperature plasma producing a gaseous medium in the domain of the existence thereof, wherein a cluster material is returned to a pure material by the crystallization thereof on a liquid substrate while the plasma is cooling, occurs, thereby forming mono-crystal quantum dots spliced with the substrate material. Said method makes it possible to form two- or three-dimensional cluster lattices and clusters spliced with each other from different materials. The invention also makes it possible to produce wires from different materials in the substrate nano-cavities and the quantum dots from the solution micro-drops distributed through an organic material applied to a glass.

Abstract: Techniques for extracting light from a light guide are described. In some embodiments, a light source comprises a light guide configured to trap first light through total internal reflection. The light source may further comprise a plurality of light extractors configured to extract at least a portion of the first light upon establishing optical contact with the light guide. The light source is configured to control individual light extractors in the plurality of light extractors to make optical contact with the light guide. Quantum dots may be used with the light source to regenerate light, within desired frequency band, from the at least a portion of the first light.

Abstract: An agent sensing system may comprise an emitter optical resonator, a functionalized optical resonator, and a reference optical resonator. The emitter optical resonator may be configured to emit light at one or more system peak wavelengths. The functionalized optical resonator may be optically coupled to the emitter optical resonator and configured to propagate the emitted light in the absence of a particular agent, and filter the emitted light in the presence of the particular agent. The reference optical resonator may be optically coupled to at least one of the emitter optical resonator and the functionalized optical resonator such that an intensity of light propagated by the reference optical resonator is based at least on whether light emitted by the emitter optical resonator is filtered or propagated by the functionalized optical resonator.

Abstract: A method of multiple protein biomarker detection, comprising providing at quantum dot-antibody conjugates that have an affinity for at least two different protein biomarkers; contacting the conjugates with a sample from a subject; allowing the proteins to bridge the antibodies, forming protein biomarker/quantum dot-antibody conjugate agglomerates; detecting the presence of the biomarkers by excitation of the agglomerates.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to particles (e.g., nanoparticles and microparticles) that display multiple functionalized surface domains in a controlled mosaic pattern. The disclosure also provides simple methods to create various particles that have multiple functionalized surface domains while allowing the use of a wide variety of diverse core structures. The multiple functionalized domains provide controllable particle binding and orientation, and controlled and sustained drug release profiles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorescent dye-silane hybrid resin manufactured by polycondensing an alkoxysilane bonded with a fluorescent dye with an organo-silane. More particularly, the present invention provides a fluorescent dye-siloxane hybrid resin that is manufactured by reacting a fluorescent dye having one or more functional groups with an alkoxysilane having an organic functional group to form an alkoxysilane bonded with the fluorescent dye and then polycondensing the alkoxysilane bonded with a fluorescent dye with an organo-silanediol and an organo-alkoxysilane having a thermocurable or ultraviolet-curable functional group without water. The fluorescent dye-silane hybrid resin has excellent thermostability, photostability, fluorescence characteristics, and processibility.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting module including: a circuit board; at least one light source part disposed on the circuit board; a wavelength conversion part coupled with the circuit board, the wavelength conversion part covering alight emitting surface of the light source part and converting a wavelength of light; and a coupling part coupling the wavelength conversion part to the circuit board.

Abstract: An in vivo determination of the presence or concentration of an endogenous or exogenous substance by photoacoustically assaying the substance in the eye and correlating the presence or concentration of the substance in the eye to the presence or concentration of the substance in the blood, without removing a tissue or fluid sample from the body for assay. The eye, unlike other body sites such as the skin, has a relatively constant pressure and temperature, providing an additional utility for the inventive method.

Abstract: Preparation of oxidation-reduction (redox) nano-medicine quantum dot room temperature superconductor quantum bit (qubit) networks includes processes of making unitary, binary, ternary, and/or quaternary liquid pharmaceutical ingredients of an antioxidase antioxidant, a ?-adrenergic receptor agonist, a P2-purinergic receptor agonist, and/or a phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocker in combination with either 1:20 xanthine oxidase (XO):xanthine (X) or X alone in a liquid phase by using the L16(2)15 and L9(3)4 orthogonal optimization design protocols and modulating spatial distance constraint from about 0.1 ? to about 200 ? as well as a 10 class clean bottom-up self-assembly approach.

Abstract: A method and composition for hyperthermally diagnosing and monitoring treatment of cells with photoacoustic sound and nanoparticles. The heat (temperature) and photoacoustic sound wave production inside the target tissue is measured. The desired temperature is achieved using a laser and photoacoustic imaging technique. Hyperthermia treatment of tissue applies a heat source to kill cells without protein denaturation. The hyperthermia treatment may further comprise platelet-derived treatment. The method introduces an encapsulated dye that is released at a selected temperature in the target site to indicate that a threshold temperature has been reached to hyperthermally treat the tissue. The temperature to which the target site is treated ranges from about 39° C. to about 58° C., and may last from about 5 seconds to about 30 minutes. The composition which can be a liposome composition encapsulating the dye can be introduced to the bloodstream to flow through the target site.

Abstract: A device (101) for determining the presence, absence, concentration, or count of rare cell or cell-like objects in a turbid fluid consisting of a light source (103) for illuminating a chamber (123) containing a solution including complexes of suspended cells or cell-like moieties (261) and an optically-active agent, and further including an imaging detector (145) and an output (147) for providing a determined or displayed result. Methods of enumeration are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates, e.g., to a method for detecting a nucleic acid molecule of interest in a sample comprising cell-free nucleic acids, comprising fluorescently labeling the nucleic acid molecule of interest, by specifically binding a fluorescently labeled nanosensor or probe to the nucleic acid of interest, or by enzymatically incorporating a fluorescent probe or dye into the nucleic acid of interest, illuminating the fluorescently labeled nucleic acid molecule, causing it to emit fluorescent light, and measuring the level of fluorescence by single molecule spectroscopy, wherein the detection of a fluorescent signal is indicative of the presence of the nucleic acid of interest in the sample.

Abstract: Minimally invasive delivery with intercellular and/or intracellular localization of nano- and micro-particle solar cells within and among excitable biological cells to controllably regulate membrane polarization and enhance function of such cells. The cells include retinal and other excitable cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for cell transport Said system allows the transport of cells, assuring their integrity and viability during the entire transport process. It consists of a system suitable for a wide variety of formats which allows a broad range of technical applications of the system The system of the invention allows providing ready-to-use cells, without the cells having to be manipulated before they are used by technical experts in cell biology The invention particularly relates to an agarose plus agarase mixture covering or enveloping, depending on the format of the selected transport system, the cell culture, protecting it during the transport process, as well as to the methodology of cell recovery of the cells transported in the system.

Abstract: A sensor unit functionally stable in an implant, for performing qualitative and/or quantitative in vivo determination of an analyte, including a connection area (3) having at least one binding site for the analyte (7), the connection area undergoing a spatial change when the analyte binds to the binding site. The sensor unit further includes first (1) and second (5/9) fluorescently active regions bound to the connection area (3) in a manner such that, when a spatial change occurs to the connection area (3) due to the analyte binding to the connection area (3), the distance between the first fluorescently active region (1) and the second fluorescently active region (5/9) changes without the bonds of the fluorescently active regions (1, 5/9) to the connection area (3) being broken, and wherein one or both of the fluorescently active regions (1, 5/9) includes more than 60% by weight of an anorganic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oligomeric or polymeric saccharide derivatives comprising glucosamine moieties, e.g. derivatives of oligomeric or polymeric glucosamines such as chitosan oligomers or polymers, in which one or more amine groups are substituted by anchoring groups that chemisorb to the surface of a nanoparticle or form an interdigitated bilayer with a surfactant layer surrounding the nanoparticle. The invention also relates to functionalized nanoparticles comprising such derivatives, a method for forming the functionalized particles and to uses thereof as molecular imaging agents, biosensing agents or drug delivery agents, or in the preparation of such agents.

Abstract: The present invention includes a nanostructure, a method of making thereof, and a method of photocatalysis. In one embodiment, the nanostructure includes a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase in contact with the crystalline phase. Each of the crystalline and amorphous phases has at least one dimension on a nanometer scale. In another embodiment, the nanostructure includes a nanoparticle comprising a crystalline phase and an amorphous phase. The amorphous phase is in a selected amount. In another embodiment, the nanostructure includes crystalline titanium dioxide and amorphous titanium dioxide in contact with the crystalline titanium dioxide. Each of the crystalline and amorphous titanium dioxide has at least one dimension on a nanometer scale.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a device is disclosed. The method comprises coating a solid structure by nanostructures selected from the group consisting of peptides and amino acids, under conditions that at least partially prevent assembly of the nanostructures into supramolecular structures.

Abstract: Embodiments of a composition for stabilizing fluorescent signal of nanoparticles and methods for its use are disclosed. In some embodiments, the composition has a pH from 7 to 10 and includes borate, protein and/or protein hydrolysate, an amine, a preservative, and a nonionic surfactant. In particular embodiments, the amine is an N-ethanol substituted amine, such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, a fluorescent particle solution, such as a quantum dot solution or quantum dot conjugate solution, is diluted in the composition and stored at 4° C. In certain embodiments, the fluorescence intensity of the diluted fluorescent particle remains substantially the same when stored at 4° C. for at least one month or at least three months. In particular embodiments, a diluted quantum dot conjugate is used to detect a hybridized probe or a protein antigen.

Abstract: The invention relates to antibodies that are reactive to the cell surface of CD19+ B cells, including B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells, and compositions and methods for using such antibodies, including in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders associated with CD19+ B cells, such as B-CLL.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a nanodevice includes providing a nanowire having a first portion and a second portion. The nanowire has a polymer coating. A nanostructure is provided that is proximate to the second portion of the nanowire. Solely the first portion of the nanowire is irradiated with near-infrared radiation, thereby exciting the first portion to generate ultraviolet radiation. The generated ultraviolet radiation is guided from the first portion along the nanowire toward the second portion, so that a region of the polymer coating on the second portion is polymerized and bonds the nanostructure to the nanowire.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optoelectronic memory device, the method for manufacturing and evaluating the same. The optoelectronic memory device according to the present invention includes a substrate, an insulation layer, an active layer, source electrode and drain electrode. The substrate includes a gate, and the insulation layer is formed on the substrate. The active layer is formed on the insulation layer, and more particularly, the active layer is formed of a composite material comprising conjugated conductive polymers and quantum dots. Moreover, both of the source and the drain are formed on the insulation layer, and electrically connected to the active layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes the identification and use of aptamers and photoaptamers having slower dissociation rate constants than those obtained using previously described methods. Specifically, the present disclosure describes methods for the identification and use of aptamers to one or more targets within a histological or cytological sample, which have slow rates of dissociation. The aptamers may be used to assess localization, relative density, and presence or absence of one or more targets in cytological and histological samples. Targets may be selected that are specific and diagnostic of a given disease state for which the sample was collected. The aptamers may also be used to introduce target specific signal moieties. In addition to target identification, the aptamers may be used to amplify signal generation through a variety of methods.

Abstract: A light amplifying device for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy is disclosed herein. The device includes a dielectric layer having two opposed surfaces. A refractive index of the dielectric layer is higher than a refractive index of a material or environment directly adjacent thereto. At least one opening is formed in one of the two opposed surfaces of the dielectric layer, and at least one nano-antenna is established on the one of the two opposed surfaces of the dielectric layer. A gain region is positioned in the dielectric layer or adjacent to another of the two opposed surfaces of the dielectric layer.

Abstract: Light-emitting quantum dot films, quantum dot lighting devices, and quantum dot-based backlight units are provided. Related compositions, components, and methods are also described. Improved quantum dot encapsulation and matrix materials are provided. Quantum dot films with protective barriers are described. High-efficiency, high brightness, and high-color purity quantum dot-based lighting devices are also included, as well as methods for improving efficiency and optical characteristics in quantum dot-based lighting devices.

Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous bleaching solution for substrate treatment. The aqueous bleaching solution features a source of oxidant and a plurality of optically functional nanoparticles. The optically functional nanoparticles are nanoparticles in the range of about 0.1 nanometers to about 400 nanometers in size. The aqueous bleaching solution may optionally include one or more an oxidant-stable surfactants and optionally, one or more oxidant-stable polymers, and adjuncts. The optically functional nanoparticles are extremely stable in the aqueous bleaching solution and remain substantially suspended in the aqueous bleaching solution due to their extremely small size despite having an average density greater than that of the bleaching solution.

Abstract: Regions where metastatic cancer cells can exist are detected with high accuracy in a sentinel lymph node. Quantum dots are injected into the vicinity of a cancer in a living body, thereby identifying the location of the sentinel lymph node by means of fluorescence. Subsequently, the sentinel lymph node is extracted. With respect to the sentinel lymph node extracted with quantum dots injected, structural analysis is conducted by means of precision fluorescence measurement which uses a confocal fluorescence microscope for monomolecular observation. Specifically, the fluorescence intensity is measured with respect to each of multiple areas in the sentinel lymph nodes, and out of the multiple areas measured, one or more areas are detected as afferent lymph vessel inflow regions in descending order of fluorescence intensity.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a two-dimensional pattern by simultaneously forming a plurality of quantum dots on a surface of a solid material and making the quantum dots a periodic structure by a laser irradiation, and a device structure and a device fabricated by the method. The method for fabricating a quantum dot-formed surface including the laser irradiation which irradiate at least one batch of laser onto a surface of a solid material to simultaneously form a plurality of quantum dots on the surface, arranging the plurality of quantum dots into periodic arrays.

Abstract: A device representing a reflector, for example an evanescent reflector or a multilayer interference reflector, with at least one reflectivity stopband is disclosed. A medium with means of generating optical gain is introduced into the layer or several layers of the reflector. The optical gain spectrum preferably overlaps with the spectral range of the reflectivity stopband. This reflector is attached to multilayer passive cavity structure made of semiconducting, and/or dielectric, and/or metallic materials with the inserted tools of achieving wavelength selection of the optical modes. For example, volume Bragg gratings, distributed feedback gratings or patterns, using of vertical optical cavities surrounded by multilayer Bragg reflectors can be applied. The optical modes of the passive optical cavity partially penetrate into the gain region of the reflector.

Abstract: A three-dimensional polycrystalline semiconductor material provides a major ingredient forming individual crystalline grains having a nominal maximum grain diameter less than or equal to 50 nm, and a minor ingredient forming boundaries between the individual crystalline grains.

Abstract: The invention generally refers to a cell-targeting nanoparticle, wherein the cell-targeting nanoparticle is directly conjugated to at least one cysteine-containing peptide, wherein the cysteine-containing peptide is selected from the group consisting of glutathione (GSM, a GSH-containing peptide, and a peptide comprising a nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequence and a transporter sequence, and methods of using the cell-targeting nanoparticle.

Abstract: The synthesis of energy and sensor relevant nanomaterials that involves the colloidal synthesis of quantum dots (e.g. CdSe, CdS, ZnS, CdSe/ZnS) under well-controlled hydrothermal conditions (100-200 degrees C.) using simple inorganic precursors. The resulting nanomaterials are of high quality, and are easily processed depending upon application, and their synthesis is scalable. Scalability is provided by the use of a synthetic microwave reactor, which employs dielectric heating for the rapid and controllable heating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods using microwave accelerated surface plasmonics for the detection of target species, wherein the system has a metallic surface and the system is exposed to microwave energy for increasing detection time and/or the reaction kinetics of the target species and other interacting participants in the system and wherein plasmonic emissions from the metallic surface alone or coupled with emissions from a luminescing entity are detected.

Abstract: Applications in nanomedicine, such as diagnostics and targeted therapeutics, rely on the detection and targeting of membrane biomarkers. The present invention, in one embodiment, utilizes quantitative profiling, spatial mapping, and multiplexing of cancer biomarkers using functionalized quantum dots. This approach provides highly selective targeting molecular markers for pancreatic cancer with extremely low levels of non-specific binding and provides quantitative spatial information of biomarker distribution on a single cell, which is important since tumors cell populations are inherently heterogeneous. The quantitative measurements (number of molecules per square micron) is validated using flow cytometry and demonstrated using multiplexed quantitative profiling using color-coded quantum dots.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an optical device includes an integrated circuit, an array of conductive regions, and an optically sensitive material over at least a portion of the integrated circuit and in electrical communication with at least one conductive region. In another example embodiment, a method of forming a nanocrystalline film includes fabricating nanocrystals having a plurality of first ligands attached to their outer surfaces, exchanging the first ligands for second ligands of a different chemical composition, forming a film of the ligand-exchanged nanocrystals, removing the second ligands, and fusing the cores of adjacent nanocrystals in the film to form an electrical network of fused nanocrystals. In another example embodiment, a film includes a network of fused nanocrystals with at least portions of the fused nanocrystals being in direct physical contact with adjacent nanocrystals, the film having substantially no defect states in regions where cores of the nanocrystals are fused.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for detecting an analyte in a sample by multiplexing FRET (Förster Resonance Energy Transfer) analysis, the method comprising the following steps: providing a sample containing an energy transfer donor, several spectrally different quantum dot species, and an analyte, wherein the analyte is configured to mediate an energy transfer within a first energy transfer donor-acceptor pair provided by the energy transfer donor and a first quantum dot specie, the energy transfer donor is configured to act as energy transfer donor in the first energy transfer donor-acceptor pair, and the first quantum dot specie is configured to act as energy transfer acceptor in the first energy transfer donor-acceptor pair, irradiating excitation light from an excitation light source to the sample, in the first energy transfer donor-acceptor pair, transferring excitation energy from the energy transfer donor excited by the excitation light to the first quantum dot specie, the energy transfer being media

Abstract: The present invention provides protein and gene expression profiles indicative of whether a patient afflicted with non-small cell lung cancer is likely to be responsive to treatment with a therapeutic compound that is a EGFR-TK inhibitor. By identifying such responsiveness, a treatment provider may determine in advance those patients who would benefit from such treatment, as well as identify alternative therapies for non-responders. The present invention further provide methods of using the gene and protein expression profiles, and assays for identifying the presence of a gene or protein expression profile in a patient sample.

Abstract: Cancer-targeting peptides and uses thereof in cancer diagnosis.

Abstract: Methods of fabricating photovoltaic devices include forming a plurality of subcells in a vertically stacked arrangement on the semiconductor material, each of the subcells being formed at a different temperature than an adjacent subcell such that the adjacent subcells have differing effective band-gaps. The methods of fabricating also include inverting the structure, attaching another substrate to the second semiconductor material, and removing the substrate. For example, each of the subcells may comprise a III-nitride material, and each subsequent subcell may include an indium content different than the adjacent subcell. Novel structures may be formed using such methods.

Abstract: CdSe-quantum dots are formed on a TiO2 patterned layer by chemical deposition from a solution of aminotriacetic acid/cadmium (NTA/Cd) and sodium selenosulfate. CdSe-quantum dots are useful as sensitizers for solar cells. The conversion efficiency of light of light power to electric power is enhanced by adjusting the ratio of potassium aminotriacetate to cadmium (NTA/Cd) as well as the chemical bath deposition (CBD) temperature and time.

Abstract: A flexible solar cell is assembled by forming a TiO2 patterned layer on a flexible substrate electrode. Quantum dots (QDs) are formed on the TiO2 patterned layer. A gasket is disposed between the flexible substrate electrode and a flexible counter electrode forming a sandwich. Electrolyte and sealant are injected between the substrate electrode and flexible counter electrode to form the flexible solar cell.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for detecting and quantitating one or more compounds or molecules in a sample. An aptamer-based point-of-care device (such as a strip) is described for rapid detection of target molecules such as the cancer marker p-glycoprotein (Pgp). Fluorescent molecules or gold nanoparticles may be used to detect the binding between a target molecule and the aptamer. By way of example, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) or Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) may be used for detecting the physical and/or chemical changes caused by the binding of the aptamers to the target molecules.

Abstract: A mesoporous silica having adjustable pores is obtained to form a template and thus a three-terminal metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) photodetector is obtained. A gate dielectric of a nano-structural silicon-base membrane is used as infrared light absorber in it. Thus, a semiconductor photodetector made of pure silicon having a quantum-dot structure is obtained with excellent near-infrared optoelectronic response.