Abstract: A display element comprises a cell containing a fluid including a plurality of wells at the bottom of the cell. A luminescent material is within the cell for modulating light incident from the top of the cell and for returning luminescent light; and a dispersion of particles is contained within the fluid. The dispersion of particles is movable between a first state in which the particles are substantially contained within the plurality of wells and a second state in which the particles are distributed between the top and bottom of the cell, to control the intensity of luminescent light returned by the display element.

Abstract: A cab assembly is disclosed for use with a machine having a frame. The cab assembly may include an operator cab with a first side and a second side, a plurality of cab mounts connecting the operator cab to the frame, and a hydraulic cylinder connected at one end to the operator cab and at an opposing end to the frame. The plurality of cab mounts may be selectively disconnected from the operator cab to allow the hydraulic cylinder to tilt the operator cab toward the first side or the second side of the operator cab.

Abstract: A luminescent layer includes a series of down-converting luminophores dispersed in a matrix to collect ambient light energy over a range of wavelengths longer than a desired color band and a set of up-converting luminophores dispersed in the matrix. The series of down-converting luminophores transfer the ambient light energy to the set of up-converting luminophores, and the set of up-converting luminophores emits at least a portion of the ambient light energy in the desired color band.

Abstract: Luminescent materials include a plurality of nanocrystals. At least some of the nanocrystals may be configured to emit electromagnetic radiation upon stimulation, and the plurality of nanocrystals may exhibit a multi-modal energy level distribution. The distribution of the nanocrystals may be selectively configured to enhance the luminescence efficiency of a fraction of the plurality of nanocrystals that exhibits one energy level mode of the multi-modal energy level distribution. Light-emitting diodes and electronic devices include such luminescent materials.

Abstract: X-ray imaging apparatus,which includes an x-ray detector. The x-ray detector comprises a member configured to convert incident x-ray wavelength photons into emitted visible wavelength photons, a position for a material under test, an x-ray source, and a structure configured to perturb an x-ray energy spectrum, each lying on a common axis. The x-ray source is arranged to direct an x-ray energy spectrum along the common axis to impinge upon the member, the structure configured to perturb the x-ray energy spectrum, and positioned material under test. The structure lies between the x-ray source and the member to one side of the position for material under test intersecting the common axis, and the said structure comprises at least three adjacent regions, each region different to immediately adjacent regions and configured to perturb the x-ray energy spectrum differently.

Abstract: A reflective display device has multiple display pixels. Each pixel has at least three color sub-pixels disposed side-by-side for three primary colors respectively. At least one color sub-pixel has a light shutter with adjustable transmission, a luminescent layer containing a luminescent material that emits light of a selected color, and a mirror for reflecting light corresponding to that selected color.

Abstract: A reflective color display has at least a color pixel disposed to receive ambient light for front lighting and has a light source optically coupled to the color pixel to provide back light for backlighting. The color pixel has a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel has a first luminescent layer with a luminescent material for converting a portion of the ambient light spectrum into light of a first color. An unpatterned mirror is disposed under the luminescent layer of the first sub-pixel and extends through the first and second sub-pixels. The unpatterned mirror reflects at least light of the first color while transmitting the back light to the first luminescent layer for conversion by the first luminescent material into light of the first color.

Abstract: A display includes at least two stacked waveguides (110) and (120). A first waveguide (110) contains first luminophores that fluoresce to produce light of a first color. A second waveguide (120) overlying the first waveguide and contains second luminophores that fluoresce to produce light of a second color. A light collection structure (180) transmits light from a surrounding environment transversely through the first and second waveguides (110, 120) and optical vias (172, 174) provide optical paths out of the display for light respectively from the first optical waveguide (110) and the second optical waveguide (120).

Abstract: A strain gauge or other device may include a deformable medium and discrete plasmon supporting structures arranged to create one or more plasmon resonances that change with deformation of the medium and provide the device with an optical characteristic that indicates the deformation of the medium.

Abstract: According to an example, apparatuses for performing multiple concurrent spectral analyses on a sample under test include an optical system to concurrently direct a plurality of light beams onto analytes at multiple locations on the sample under test, in which the plurality of light beams cause light in either or both of a Raman spectra and a non-Raman spectra to be emitted from the analytes at the multiple locations of the sample under test. The apparatuses also include a detector to concurrently acquire a plurality of spectral measurements of the light emitted from the analytes at the multiple locations of the sample under test. Example methods of performing spectral analysis include use of the apparatuses.

Abstract: According to an example, an apparatus for collecting a material to be spectrally analyzed includes a body having a first end and a second end, in which the body is elongated along a first axis from the first end to the second end. The body also includes a hole having an opening formed in an external surface of the body at a location between the first end and the second end and extending at least partially through the body at an angle with respect to the first axis. The body further includes a plurality of surface-enhanced spectroscopy (SES) elements positioned inside the body.

Abstract: A strain gauge or other device may include a deformable medium and discrete plasmon supporting structures arranged to create one or more plasmon resonances that change with deformation of the medium and provide the device with an optical characteristic that indicates the deformation of the medium.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to traveling wave dielectrophoresis sensing devices and associated methods. In an example, a traveling wave dielectrophoresis sensing device can comprise an array of electromagnetic field enhancing nanostructures attached to the substrate, the electromagnetic field enhancing nanostructures including a metal; a plurality of conductive element electrically associated with the electromagnetic field enhancing nanostructures; and a controller for applying alternating and out of phase potential to the plurality of conductive elements to form traveling wave dielectrophoretic forces within the array.

Abstract: According to an example, methods for forming three-dimensional (3-D) nano-particle assemblies include depositing SES elements onto respective tips of nano-fingers, in which the nano-fingers are arranged in sufficiently close proximities to each other to enable the tips of groups of adjacent ones of the nano-fingers to come into sufficiently close proximities to each other to enable the SES elements on the tips to be bonded together when the nano-fingers are partially collapsed. The methods also include causing the nano-fingers to partially collapse toward adjacent ones of the nano-fingers to cause a plurality of SES elements on respective groups of the nano-fingers to be in relatively close proximities to each other and form respective clusters of SES elements, introducing additional particles that are to attach onto the clusters of SES elements, and causing the clusters of SES elements to detach from the nano-fingers.

Abstract: Copolymers and methods using the copolymers control the stability, the homogeneity of mixtures and the chargeability of a nanoparticle. A block copolymer-nanoparticle composition includes first, second and third block units that each include repeating units of respective monomers. The monomer of the first block unit includes a binding group that binds to the nanoparticle. The monomer of the second block unit includes a hydrophobic moiety that provides steric stabilization of the nanoparticle and homogeneity of mixtures of the copolymer-nanoparticle composition in a non-polar medium. The monomer of the third block unit includes a chargeable group that imparts a charge to the nanoparticle. An order of the respective block units in the copolymer and the number of repeating units of the monomer in the respective block units control the stability, the homogeneity of mixtures and the charge of the nanoparticle.

Abstract: Scattering spectroscopy employs a scattering spectroscopy enhancing structure having a hotspot on a first side of a substrate and a nanopore in the substrate, where the nanopore is aligned with the hotspot.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for obtaining radiation transmission data from a liquid in such manner that allows some data about relative proportions of constituent ingredients to be derived is described. A radiation source and a radiation detector system able to resolve transmitted intensity across a plurality of frequencies within the spectrum of the source are used to produce transmitted intensity data for each such frequency. Measured data is compared numerically to a mass attenuation data library storing mass attenuation data, individually or collectively, for a small number of expected constituent ingredients of the liquid to fit each intensity data item to the relationship given by the exponential attenuation law: I/IO=exp [?(?/?) ?t] in respect of the constituent ingredients and derive therefrom an indication of relative proportions of each constituent ingredient.

Abstract: A light modulator includes a light guide to guide light, a diffraction grating at a surface of the light guide, and a fluid having a refractive index substantially matched to a refractive index of the diffraction grating. The diffraction grating is to couple out a portion of guided light from the light guide using diffractive coupling. The index-matched fluid is to be selectively moved both into contact with the diffractive grating to defeat the diffractive coupling and out of contact with the diffraction grating to facilitate the diffractive coupling to modulate the coupled out guided light.

Abstract: According to an example, an apparatus for performing spectroscopy includes a perimeter wall extending between a first end and a second end of the perimeter wall along a first axis, in which an interior surface of the perimeter wall forms a hollow core extending along the first axis. The perimeter wall has openings at both the first end and the second end and light is to pass through the perimeter wall. The apparatus also includes a plurality of SES modules positioned around an inner circumference of the perimeter wall in a spaced arrangement with respect to each other to allow light to enter into the hollow core in gaps between the plurality of SES modules, in which each of the plurality of SES modules is positioned substantially across from a gap.