Abstract: A turbine generator regenerative braking system may be used to slow or stop a rotating shaft or wheel, wherein energy may be recovered as electricity generated by a turbine generator and stored in batteries, ultra-capacitors, or other storage systems. The turbine generator may be fluid-jet powered, the fluid-jet being provided by at least one hydraulic fluid pump linked to the rotating shaft or wheel. A braking actuation system operatively connects/starts the pumping action, and controls may be provided to adjust the flowrate through the fluid-jet nozzle. In some versions of the system, a hydraulic pump, a clutch, and an adjustable-flow nozzle will be dedicated to each ground engaging wheel of the vehicle. In a vehicle, braking is preferably initiated by the driver by actuation of a brake master cylinder that provides hydraulic pressure to cause each hydraulic pump to engage with its corresponding pump. The pressurized fluid output of each pump is then fed to the turbine through the adjustable-flow nozzle.

Abstract: Methods of preparing adhesive-backed articles and methods of applying adhesives backed articles are described. The adhesive-backed articles include a compliant film and a pressure-sensitive adhesive having a microstructured surface opposite the compliant film.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is directed to aperture mask deposition techniques using aperture mask patterns formed in one or more elongated webs of flexible film. The techniques involve sequentially depositing material through mask patterns formed in the film to define layers, or portions of layers, of the circuit. A deposition substrate can also be formed from an elongated web, and the deposition substrate web can be fed through a series of deposition stations. Each deposition station may have an elongated web formed with aperture mask patterns. The elongated web of mask patterns feeds in a direction perpendicular to the deposition substrate web. In this manner, the circuit creation process can be performed in-line. Moreover, the process can be automated to reduce human error and increase throughput.

Abstract: Aperture masks and deposition techniques for using aperture masks are described. In addition, techniques for creating aperture masks and other techniques for using the aperture masks are described. The various techniques can be particularly useful in creating circuit elements for electronic displays and low-cost integrated circuits such as radio frequency identification (RFID) circuits. In addition, the techniques can be advantageous in the fabrication of integrated circuits incorporating organic semiconductors, which typically are not compatible with wet processes.

Abstract: Optical films having structured surfaces are used, inter alia, for managing the propagation of light within a display. As displays become larger, it becomes more important that the film be reinforced so as to maintain rigidity. An optical film of the invention has a first layer comprising inorganic fibers embedded within a polymer matrix. A second layer having a structured surface, for providing an optical function to light passing therethrough, is attached to the first layer. The film may have various beneficial optical properties, for example, light that propagates substantially perpendicularly through the first layer may be subject to no more than a certain level of haze or light incident on the film may be subject to a minimum value of brightness gain. Various methods of manufacturing the films are described.

Abstract: Optical films having structured surfaces are used, inter alia, for managing the propagation of light within a display. As displays become larger, it becomes more important that the film be reinforced so as to maintain rigidity. An optical film of the invention has a first layer comprising inorganic fibers embedded within a polymer matrix. The first layer has a structured surface to provide an optical function to light passing therethrough. The film may have various beneficial optical properties, for example, light that propagates substantially perpendicularly through the first layer may be subject to no more than a certain level of haze or light incident on the film may be subject to a minimum value of brightness gain. Various methods of manufacturing the films are described.

Abstract: Optical films having structured surfaces are used, inter alia, for managing the propagation of light within a display. As displays become larger, it becomes more important that the film be reinforced so as to maintain rigidity. An optical film of the invention has a first layer comprising inorganic fibers embedded within a polymer matrix. The first layer has a structured surface to provide an optical function to light passing therethrough. The film may have various beneficial optical properties, for example, light that propagates substantially perpendicularly through the first layer may be subject to no more than a certain level of haze or light incident on the film may be subject to a minimum value of brightness gain. Various methods of manufacturing the films are described.

Abstract: A spiral wound fiber that includes birefringent interfaces is useful in different optical devices. One type of wound fiber includes at least first and second material layers. At least one of the layers is polymeric and at least one of the layers is birefringent. The spiral wound fiber may be used alone, or in an optical device. Such an optical device can include the fiber embedded within a matrix or attached to a substrate. The spiral wound fiber can be made by rolling a stack of at least two layers, by coextruding the two layers or by coating a rotating form.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a microstructured tool having a microstructured layer on a base layer. The microstructured layer is made from an aromatic acrylate polymer that is a reaction product of an oligomer and a radiation curable diluent, the aromatic acrylate polymer having a ratio of aromatic to aliphatic carbons of less than about 1:1, the oligomer comprising a multifunctional acrylate monomer or an acrylate functionalized oligomer. The microstructured layer has a microstructured surface having one or more features. The base layer may be metal, polymer, ceramic, or glass. Also disclosed herein is a method of making the microstructured tool using laser ablation. The microstructured tool may be used to make articles suitable for use in optical applications.

Abstract: An apparatus and method provide an architected way for a web server to access a user registry in a directory service such as LDAP. In the preferred embodiments, the logic for presenting and processing a web page is encapsulated from the logic that interacts with the directory service, making it easy for a programmer to make changes to the a user registration form without having to have a detailed knowledge of the directory service and its interfaces.

Abstract: The present invention provides a detection article including at least one fluid control film layer having at least one microstructured major surface with a plurality of microchannels therein. The microchannels are configured for uninterrupted fluid flow of a fluid sample throughout the article. The film layer includes an acquisition zone for drawing the fluid sample into the plurality of microchannels at least by spontaneous fluid transport. The film layer also includes a detection zone having at least one detection element that facilitates detection of a characteristic of the fluid sample within at least one microchannel of the detection zone. The detection article may be formed from a plurality of film layers that are stacked to form a three-dimensional article.

Abstract: An optical film has a first layer and a second layer. The first and second layers each include fibers embedded within respective polymeric matrices. A third layer having a reflective polarizer layer is mounted between the first and second layers.

Abstract: A display system includes a display panel, a backlight and a reinforced reflective polarizer disposed between the display panel and the backlight. The reinforced reflective polarizer includes a first layer formed from a polymer matrix embedded with inorganic fibers. The reinforced reflective polarizer also includes a second layer attached to the first layer. The second layer comprises a reflective polarizing layer.

Abstract: A system and apparatus for an information display cap are described. The apparatus may include an information display cap having a body with a continuous outer surface and inner surface. The body may have multiple hanger attachment members connected to the inner surface and arranged to attach the information display cap to a hanger. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method of increasing the efficiency of a multiphoton absorption process and apparatus. The method includes: providing a photoreactive composition; providing a source of sufficient light for simultaneous absorption of at least two photons; exposing the photoreactive composition to at least one transit of light from the light source; and directing at least a portion of the first transit of the light back into the photoreactive composition using at least one optical element, wherein a plurality of photons not absorbed in at least one transit are used to expose the photoreactive composition in a subsequent transit.

Abstract: An analytical cell including a lightguide with a plurality of conduits filled with a migration medium. The medium, the lightguide and a surrounding medium have refractive indices selected such that light entering the lightguide is internally reflected within the lightguide to provide substantially uniform illumination of the conduits.

Abstract: Optical bodies, for example optical films, are formed with inorganic fibers embedded within a polymer matrix. In some embodiments, the refractive indices of the inorganic fibers and the polymer matrix are matched. There need be no bonding agent between the fibers and the polymer matrix. The inorganic fibers may be glass fibers, ceramic fibers, or glass-ceramic fibers. A structure may be provided on the surface of the optical body, for example to provide optical power to light passing through the optical body. The body may be formed using a continuous process, with a continuous layer of the inorganic fibers being embedded within the matrix which is then solidified.

Abstract: Optical bodies, for example optical films, are formed with inorganic fibers embedded within a polymer matrix. In some embodiments, the refractive indices of the inorganic fibers and the polymer matrix are matched. There need be no bonding agent between the fibers and the polymer matrix. The inorganic fibers may be glass fibers, ceramic fibers, or glass-ceramic fibers. A structure may be provided on the surface of the optical body, for example to provide optical power to light passing through the optical body. The body may be formed using a continuous process, with a continuous layer of the inorganic fibers being embedded within the matrix which is then solidified.

Abstract: Optical bodies, for example optical films, are formed with inorganic fibers embedded within a polymer matrix. In some embodiments, the refractive indices of the inorganic fibers and the polymer matrix are matched. There need be no bonding agent between the fibers and the polymer matrix. The inorganic fibers may be glass fibers, ceramic fibers, or glass-ceramic fibers. A structure may be provided on the surface of the optical body, for example to provide optical power to light passing through the optical body. The body may be formed using a continuous process, with a continuous layer of the inorganic fibers being embedded within the matrix which is then solidified.

Abstract: An apparatus and method use the built-in authentication and authorization functions of a directory service to perform authentication and authorization for resources that are external to the directory service. A Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) service is used in the preferred embodiments. The LDAP directory includes built-in functions for authenticating a user that requests access to an entry. Each resource that needs to be protected is mapped to an entry in the LDAP directory. These entries that correspond to protected resources external to the LDAP directory are called proxy entries. Proxy entries contain the authorization information for the corresponding protected resource in the form of an access control list for each entry that specifies the authorized users of the entry.