Abstract: In order to address a problem with the effectiveness of a brake booster device, provision is made for the latter to be produced in the form of hydraulic servo control. In such an instance, a master cylinder (7-10) of a braking circuit (3-4) is provided with a pressure chamber (19) upstream of the braking circuit. This pressure chamber is then subjected to an injection (28) of hydraulic fluid by a pump (34). The pump is operated (39) according to the braking requirements. The servo control comprises a set of moving gear (54) sensitive to these requirements and that work an injection valve (29-30).

Abstract: The invention refers to a supercharging system (6) for an internal combustion engine (1) incorporating in combination, a turbine (7), a compressor (8) and an electrical driven system (20) that is connected by any power transmission system (16, 19) to the crankshaft (4) or any other vehicle drive shaft of an internal combustion engine, where the turbine inlet is subjected to exhaust gases, causing the turbine wheel to rotate and thereby via the drive shaft causing mechanical rotating power.

Abstract: Provided is an exhaust turbine equipped with an exhaust control valve (waste gate valve) which can reduce wear of the contact surfaces between the shaft and the bushing or the turbine casing that support the moving components of the valve in the entire operating range of the exhaust control valve.

Abstract: The power generation apparatus of the present invention provides a weight road that can move up and down; a moving storage tank guide box with a fluid storage part intended to collect fluid supplied from a fluid supply part provided at the top, a fluid discharge part provided at the bottom, and a supply opening and closing part provided at the bottom, and a supply opening and closing part intended to optionally discharge the fluid collected in the fluid storage part provided on the bottom of the fluid storage part; a moving storage tank with a recovery opening and closing part accommodated in the moving storage part guide box so that it can undergo up-and-down reciprocating motions between the fluid storage part and the fluid discharge part and that is intended to optionally discharge the collected fluid through the supply opening and closing part at a location adjacent to the fluid storage part to the fluid discharge part at a location adjacent to the fluid discharge part; and a power transmission unit that

Abstract: In a system where the thermal energy of a geothermal fluid is applied to an ORC system, the energy is enhanced by the use of solar energy to thereby increase the temperature of the fluid being applied by the ORC system. A single heat exchanger version provides for direct heat exchange relationship with the geothermal and solar fluids, whereas a two heat exchanger version provides for each of the geothermal and solar fluids to be in heat exchange relationship with the working medium of the ORC system. Control features are provided to selectively balance the various fluid flows in the system.

Abstract: A high-strength heat resisting cast steel which has high creep rupture strength at temperatures of 620° C. or above, high toughness, and good weldability. A method of producing the steel, a steam turbine casing, a main steam valve casing, and a steam control valve casing, each casing being made of that steel, as well as a steam turbine power plant using those components are also provided. The high-strength heat resisting cast steel contains 0.06-0.16% by mass of C, 0.1-1% of Si, 0.1-1% of Mn, 8-12% of Cr, 0.1-1.0% of Ni, 0.7% or less of Mo, 1.9-3.0% of W, 0.05-0.3% of V, 0.01-0.15% of one or more of Nb, Ta and Zr in total, 0.1-2% of Co, 0.01-0.08% of N, and 0.0005-0.01% of B, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A method of controlling a discharge of an exhaust gas from a pneumatic device includes directing the exhaust gas from an exhaust port of the pneumatic device into proximity with a heated portion of the pneumatic device, expanding the exhaust gas in proximity with the heated portion of the pneumatic device to heat the exhaust gas, and discharging the exhaust gas to atmosphere.

Abstract: Upon cooling to 15 to 45° C., a process for the treatment of raw product gas generated by pressure gasification of solid fuels comprises the removal of HCN and NH3 in a preliminary stage, of H2S and COS and possibly other sulfur-containing compounds in a first stage and of CO2 in a second stage by physisorption with cold oxygenate, and the pure product gas is supplied to the direct reduction of iron ore as reduction gas and/or as fuel gas. An improvement of the process consists in that recycle gas loaded with CO2 and steam, which is branched off from the circuit of the recycle gas of the direct reduction of iron ore, is admixed to the desulfurized product gas upon removal of the steam contained therein.

Abstract: A combustor module for a gas turbine engine is provided that includes a first annular liner assembly extending along a longitudinal axis of the engine. The first annular liner assembly includes a first annular support shell and a plurality of first heat shield panels coupled to the first annular support shell. The first heat shield panels form a segmented ring defining a plurality of first axial seams therebetween. The combustor module further includes a bulkhead coupled to the first annular liner assembly. The bulkhead provides a plurality of fuel nozzles for passing a first mass flow comprising fuel and air. The combustor module further includes a second annular liner assembly coupled to the bulkhead. The second annular liner assembly is in spaced-apart generally coaxial relationship from the first annular liner assembly by a channel height H. The second annular liner assembly includes an air admittance hole having a mean diameter D extending along a hole axis.

Abstract: A liner is provided for an air flow passage of a gas turbine engine. The liner comprises an acoustic attenuation layer which forms an air-washed surface of the flow passage, and a heat exchanger layer which extends as a backing to the acoustic attenuation layer. The heat exchanger layer is configured to carry a heated fluid flow and to transport heat from the fluid flow to the acoustic attenuation layer from where the heat is transferred to air flowing through the air flow passage.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling fuel mixing are provided. One or more parameters associated with the operation of a machine configured to receive a combined fuel may be identified. A fuel flow of the combined fuel that is provided to the machine may be determined. Based at least in part on the identified parameters, a ratio of a first fuel type included in the combined fuel to the determined fuel flow may be determined. The first fuel type may have a heating value that is greater than a second fuel type included in the combined fuel. A flow of the first fuel type may be set based at least in part on the ratio. Subsequent to setting the flow of the first fuel type, an energy content of the fuel flow of the combined fuel may be determined, and the flow of the first fuel type may be adjusted based at least in part on the determined energy content.

Abstract: In a method for switching over a gas turbine plant from gaseous fuel (16, 20) to liquid fuel (18, 22) and vice-versa, in which the gas turbine plant includes a first combustor and a second combustor fed with the flue gases of the first combustor, the first and second combustors are sequentially switched over while the other combustor maintains its operating conditions.

Abstract: A twin-shaft gas turbine 1, which has a gas generator 2 including a compressor 7, a combustor 8, and a high-pressure turbine 9, is configured to make a first control mode and a second control mode selectively useable for control of the gas generator. In addition, in the first control mode, an IGV angle in the compressor is controlled in accordance with a corrected shaft rotation speed of the gas generator, and in the second control mode, the IGV angle is controlled to maintain a constant gas generator shaft rotation speed. Furthermore, the first control mode is used to start, to stop, and to operate the turbine under fixed or lower load conditions, and that the second control mode is used under operational states other than those to which the first control mode is applied.

Abstract: Electric fields control an electric combustion. Plasmas are created by a dielectrically impeded discharge. At least one part of the fuel is mixed with water vapor in the supply line and is subjected to a plasma discharge in a compact reactor that is in close contact with the burner in terms of reaction kinetics. In the associated device, a plasma reactor for creating a reactive plasma gas with at least one supply line for the fuel gas-water vapor mixture and an electric energy supply is integrated into the burner. The device provides suitable flow guidance of the fuel gas-air mixture, of the fuel gas-water vapor mixture, and of the reactive plasma gas.

Abstract: The power plant combusts a hydrocarbon fuel with oxygen to produce high temperature high pressure products of combustion. These products of combustion are routed through an expander to generate power. The products of combustion are substantially free of oxides of nitrogen because the oxidizer is oxygen rather than air. To achieve fast starting, oxygen, fuel and water diluent are preferably stored in quantities sufficient to allow the power plant to operate from these stored consumables. The fuel can be a gaseous or liquid fuel. The oxygen is preferably stored as liquid and routed through a vaporizer before combustion in a gas generator along with the hydrocarbon fuel. In one embodiment, the vaporizer gasifies the oxygen by absorption of heat from air before the air is routed into a separate heat engine, such as a gas turbine. The gas turbine thus operates on cooled air and has its power output increased.

Abstract: A magnetocaloric refrigerator uses as a refrigerant a magnetocaloric refrigerant material of the perovskite structure containing lanthanum and also containing Ce, Pr and Nd which may be of the general formula: LalCecPrpNdnRErAaMnXxO3?? wherein: A is at least one of the alkaline earth metals X if present is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu, Al, V, Ir, Mo, W, Pd, Pt, Mg, Ru, Rh, Cr and Zr, RE if present is at least one lanthanide other than La, Ce, Pr and Nd, the ratio of (l+c+p+n+r+a):(l+x) is from about 1:0.95 to about 1:1.15, the ratio of (l+c+p+n+r):(a) is from about 5:4 to about 7:2, x is from 0 to about 1:0.15, and ?1<?<1.

Abstract: An electrostatic atomizing device includes an atomizing electrode which generates charged fine water particles negatively charged in the form of mist, by generating an electric field when a high negative voltage is applied thereto in a state in which water is supplied; a water supply portion which supplies the water to the atomizing electrode; a discharge detection portion which detects whether negative ion discharge, indicating discharge in which only negative ions are generated without generating the charged fine water particles, is occurring at the atomizing electrode or not; and a control portion which reduces the electric field intensity of the electric field generated by the atomizing electrode when the discharge detection portion detects the occurrence of the negative ion discharge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for air conditioning a building using an intermittent heat source whereof the maximum temperature is 70° C. and a heat sink at a temperature of 15° C. The device comprises 3 or 4 thermochemical dipoles each comprising an evaporator-condenser unit and a reactor connected by means for circulating G between them and means for interrupting the flow of G. The reactors are the seat of reversible processes between G and a liquid or a solid, and the evaporators-condensers are the seat of a liquid-gas phase change of G; the reactors are equipped with means for exchanging heat between them and means for controlling the heat exchange; the thermochemical processes in the dipoles may be identical or different; the device comprises a heat source at a variable temperature Tc, the maximum temperature being 70° C., and a heat sink at a temperature To of 15° C.

Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerator includes a regenerative heat exchanger material in thermal contact with a working gas including a tin-antimony (Sn—Sb) alloy or a tin-gallium (Sn—Ga) alloy in at least one cooling stage. The re-generative heat exchanger material can include an Sn—Sb-M alloy, with M including at least one element selected from the group consisting of Bi, Ag, Ge, Cu, La, Mg, Mn, Nd, Ni, Pd, Pt, K, Rh, Sm, Se, S, Y, Fe, In, Al, Ce, Dy, Cd, Ti, Au, P, Pr, Yb and Zn. The cryogenic refrigerator can include a Gifford-McMahon refrigerator, a pulse tube refrigerator, or a Stirling refrigerator. A cryopump includes cryopanels adapted to condense or adsorb gases and a cryogenic refrigerator.

Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerator has a refrigeration cylinder and at least two displacers. Each displacer reciprocates in the refrigeration cylinder and moves refrigeration gas through the refrigeration cylinder. A regenerator cools the refrigeration gas, and gas control valves admit high pressure gas into the refrigeration cylinder and exhaust gas from the refrigeration cylinder. The refrigerator also has linear motors operatively connected to displacers, and the linear motors drive the displacers in reciprocating movement. A position sensor is provided to determine a parameter of the displacers during reciprocation. A controller is operatively connected to the linear motors to control the linear motors. The controller controls a parameter of the two displacers during reciprocation. The parameter can be stroke length, stroke speed, stroke phase or another parameter of the displacer for temperature control of the cryogenic refrigerator. The cryogenic refrigerator may also include a device to remove vibration.

Abstract: Provided are a refrigerator and a controlling method thereof. The refrigerator includes a main body, a display device, a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader, an audio output, an audio input, a voice recognizer, and a display controller. The display device is on the main body and includes a display. The RFID reader is on the display device or the main body. The audio output outputs through audio to an outside whether to enter a food name, when an RFID tag attached to a food item or a container holding the food item is read by the RFID reader. The audio input is on the display device, to which audio from the outside can be input. The voice recognizer reads audio input to the audio input. The display controller controls the display device to display on the display a screen corresponding to data read by the voice recognizer.

Abstract: The present invention features a cooling system for a hybrid vehicle. The present invention makes it possible to minimize the increase of the cost of a vehicle and improve the cooling performance of the hybrid vehicle without an electric compressor, by allowing the hybrid vehicle to ensure an available cooling time as long as possible in the ISG mode.

Abstract: A cooling element for cooling goods to be chilled is proposed, comprising a shell with at least one heat transfer wall for exchanging thermal energy with the goods. The cooling element further comprises at least one fluid space proximate to the heat transfer wall and at least one storage space separated from the fluid space by at least one separating element, wherein the storage space is configured to hold a supply of cooling medium in the solid aggregate state. The separating element is configured to substantially separate the supply of cooling medium in the solid aggregate state from the fluid space and to enable the cooling medium in the liquid aggregate state to pass over from the storage space to the fluid space.

Abstract: The invention pertains to heat transfer compositions, particularly to automobile refrigerants comprising a hydrofluoroalkene, an iodocarbon, and at least one lubricant having hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms, wherein no more than 17% of the total number of hydrogen atoms which are attached to a carbon atom are tertiary hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: A vapor compression system that circulates a fluid through a closed loop interconnecting a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a flow-restricting expansion device, and a second heat exchanger. The system further includes a vessel in a first fluid communication and a selective second fluid communication with the loop between the compressor and the first heat exchanger with each of the first and second fluid communication configured to receive fluid from the loop. The vessel is in a third fluid communication with the first heat exchanger configured to provide fluid to the first heat exchanger. In response to a predetermined ambient temperature surrounding the system, the second fluid communication is selectively opened to provide an increased fluid flow from the vessel to the first heat exchanger.

Abstract: Surged vapor compression heat transfer systems, devices, and methods are disclosed having refrigerant phase separators that generate at least one surge of vapor phase refrigerant into the inlet of an evaporator after the initial cool-down of an on cycle of the compressor. This surge of vapor phase refrigerant, having a higher temperature than the liquid phase refrigerant, increases the temperature of the evaporator inlet, thus reducing frost build up in relation to conventional refrigeration systems lacking a surged input of vapor phase refrigerant to the evaporator.

Abstract: A method of operating a refrigerated merchandiser. The refrigerated merchandiser includes a case that defines a product display area, and at least one door that provides access to the product display area. The method includes sensing a parameter of an ambient environment adjacent the case, delivering a signal indicative of the sensed parameter to a controller, and determining a duty cycle using the controller based on the signal indicative of the sensed parameter. The method also includes detecting a change in the sensed parameter using the controller, interrupting the duty cycle by initiating a clearing interval using the controller in response to the controller receiving the signal indicative of the change in the sensed parameter, and clearing condensation from the door during the clearing interval.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for an aircraft for the individual air conditioning of regions of a cabin of an aircraft includes a central air conditioning device, which provides a pressurized and temperature-controlled central air flow. A part of the central air flow is supplied to a first cabin region. Another part of the central air flow is heated in a heating device or cooled in a cooling device and supplied to another cabin region. Water evaporates in the cooling device, in order to cool the air flow to be supplied to the cabin region.

Abstract: A device, such as an absorption chiller sub-system, is provided. The absorption chiller sub-system can include an evaporator and an absorber. The evaporator can be configured to receive a liquid first working fluid and to produce first working fluid vapor. The absorber can be configured to receive and combine first working fluid vapor and a second working fluid, for example, so as to release thermal energy. A divider having opposing first and second sides in respective fluid communication with the evaporator and the absorber can also be included. The divider can be configured to allow first working fluid vapor to pass therethrough between the first and second sides and to inhibit movement of liquid first working fluid therethrough between the first and second sides. Associated systems and methods are also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for Indirect Evaporative Cooling and for Two Stage Evaporative Cooling for conditioning fluids such as air are disclosed. The Indirect Evaporative Cooling Systems comprise scalable indirect evaporative heat exchangers formed with polymer substrates that have been treated to render one surface substantially hydrophilic while the other is substantially hydrophobic, with channels for passage of primary (cooled) an secondary (cooling) air streams between them. The Two Stage Evaporative Cooling System comprise an indirect evaporation component where the fluid is pre-cooled indirectly with the abovementioned scalable heat exchangers, followed by a direct evaporation stage where the pre-cooled fluid is further cooled directly by adiabatic evaporative cooling. The device employing these systems is scalable, energy-efficient, uses aseptic materials, filters/clean incoming fluids (e.g. air), circulates disinfected evaporating liquid (e.g. disinfected water and has enhanced performance efficiency.

Abstract: An incubator includes: an enclosure including a culture chamber; a heater configured to heat the culture chamber; a refrigerator including an evaporator and a condenser, and configured to cool the culture chamber; a temperature sensor configured to measure the culture chamber temperature; a refrigerator control unit configured to cause the refrigerator to operate, when a measured temperature measured by the temperature sensor reaches a refrigerator-operation temperature, higher than the set temperature by a first temperature, and cause the refrigerator to stop operating, when the measured temperature reaches a refrigerator-operation stopping temperature, lower than the set temperature by a second temperature; a heater control unit configured to control the heater in such a manner that the measured temperature reaches the refrigerator-operation temperature, when operation of the refrigerator is stopped; and a drain mechanism configured to discharge dew condensation water generated through heat absorption by th

Abstract: A refrigerated freight vehicle includes a tractor truck with a cab interior, a trailer presenting a chamber, and a cooling system to refrigerate the chamber and cool the cab. The cooling system includes a powered compressor assembly, a trailer evaporator, and a truck evaporator, with the compressor assembly operable to circulate refrigerant through the evaporators.

Abstract: In a multi-unit type air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units are connected to one outdoor unit 1 through a plurality of indoor/outdoor communication lines 7, the plurality of communication lines 7 are fixed to a main body of the outdoor unit 1 by a communication-line fixture 10 collectively.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a printed circuit board (31) to which a power device (33) is attached; and a refrigerant jacket (20) which is connected to the power device (33), and through which refrigerant used for a refrigeration cycle flows. The printed circuit board (31) is accommodated in a switch box (40). The refrigerant jacket (20) is fixed to the switch box (40) through a heat transfer plate (50), and the refrigerant jacket (20) and the printed circuit board (31) are connected together by the switch box (40).

Abstract: A cold appliance comprising a cabinet (101) comprising two opposite side wall panels (1), a rear wall panel (4), a top part (2), a bottom part (103), and a door (6). Each panel comprises an inner sheet (9), an outer sheet (8) and an intermediary layer (17) of a foamed insulating material. Each cabinet panel has an inner surface, an outer surface, and four edge surfaces, wherein the side wall panels, the rear wall panel, the top part, and the bottom part are assembled to form a cold compartment (104), which is closable with the door. The cold appliance (100) further comprises a profiled bar (23), mounted at an edge surface (16) at a front frame portion of the cabinet.

Abstract: A cold appliance, such as a domestic refrigerator or freezer, comprising a cabinet (101) having a cold compartment (104), and a cooling module (102). The cooling module comprises an air outlet (43) delivering cooled air to the cold compartment, an air inlet (44) receiving air from the cold compartment, an evaporator (33), and an evaporator fan (42), which generates an air flow from the air inlet, through the evaporator, and to the air outlet.

Abstract: A cold appliance, such as a household refrigerator or freezer, comprising a cabinet (101) and a cooling module (102) and a cabinet panel for a household cold appliance. The cabinet comprises cabinet panels including two opposite side wall panels (1), a rear wall panel (4), and a top part (2), which are connected essentially perpendicular to each other by means of mechanical and/or glue joints. Each cabinet panel comprises an inner sheet (9), an outer sheet (8) and an intermediary layer (17) of a foamed insulating material, wherein each cabinet panel has an inner surface, an outer surface, and four edge surfaces.

Abstract: A water collector is telescoped into the interior of an aircraft condenser. The condenser has a header for collecting air from the condenser and the water collector is disposed at least partially within the header.

Abstract: Provided are a refrigerator and a storing device for the refrigerator. The storing device includes a plurality of water collecting recesses that are recessed from a lower surface of a drawer cover and have variable transparency according to collecting of moisture, to show an inner moisture state of a drawer through the drawer cover.

Abstract: The within invention relates to a refrigerating and/or freezing device with at least one coolant circuit that has at least one condenser, where at least one absorber is provided that is located such that it diminishes or prevents the transfer of oscillations from the condenser to other parts of the refrigerating and/or freezing device and/or oscillations from the condenser itself.

Abstract: There is disclosed a refrigerating apparatus which can more efficiently cool the inside of a chamber to an ultralow temperature. In a refrigerating apparatus R1 which condenses a refrigerant discharged from a compressor 14, reduces a pressure of the refrigerant by a capillary tube 18 and evaporates the refrigerant by an evaporator 13 to exert a cooling function, the capillary tube 18 is passed through a suction piping line 32 through which the refrigerant returning from the evaporator 13 to the compressor 14 flows, to constitute a double tube structure. Furthermore, the suction piping line 32 (a piping line 32A) formed in the double tube structure by passing the capillary tube 18 therethrough is surrounded with an insulating material 35.

Abstract: An ice storage device and a refrigerator and purifier including the ice storage device are disclosed. The ice storage device includes an ice storage box, a plurality of ice outlets provided in the ice storage box and an ice transfer member provided in the ice storage box, to transfer ice to the plurality of the ice outlets selectively. An object of the present invention is to provide an ice storage device capable of discharging ice along various directions, and a refrigerator and purifier including the ice storage device.

Abstract: A water tank for a refrigerator that withstands high pressure and prevents leakage of water and a refrigerator having the same. The water tank includes a plurality of water storage containers to store water and at least one communication member through which the water storage containers communicate with each other. The water storage containers and the at least one communication member are integrally formed by injection molding. Joints are considerably reduced, thereby reducing manufacturing costs, simplifying a manufacturing process, and improving productivity.

Abstract: A refrigerator is provided. The refrigerator includes a main body in which a storage chamber is provided and a door on which an image is provided. The door is pivotably coupled to the main body. The door includes a door panel defining an outer appearance of the door, a pattern processing part disposed on a side of the door panel to realize the image, and a glass member fixed to the door panel. According to the refrigerator, an elegant outer appearance of the door is realized to satisfy consumers' desires and increase consumer confidence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rotary compressor comprising an electric motor part (120) for supplying electric power and a compression mechanism part for compressing a refrigerant while first and second rotary members (130,140) rotate upon receipt of the electric power from the electric motor part, and more particularly to, a compressor which enables a compact design by forming a compression space within the compressor by a rotor of an electric motor part driving the compressor, maximizes compression efficiency by minimizing friction loss between rotating elements within the compressor, and has a structure capable of minimizing leakage of refrigerant within the compression space.

Abstract: A liquid supercooling system may include a suction pipe that has a spiral groove around the outer circumference thereof and connects an evaporator with a compressor, a liquid pipe that connects a condenser with an expansion pipe, a heat exchange pipe in which the suction pipe is inserted and of which one end is connected with the liquid pipe such that heat can be exchanged between the suction pipe and the liquid pipe, and a connection block, of which one side is connected to the liquid pipe and of which the other side is connected to the suction pipe and the heat exchange pipe.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger connected to the compressor through a first connection pipe, a second heat exchanger connected to the first heat exchanger through a second connection pipe and adapted to discharge super-cooled refrigerant through a third connection pipe, and a blower to blow air toward the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger includes a first header in communication with the first connection pipe for introduction of the refrigerant, a plurality of tubes each having one end in communication with the first header and the other opposite end, and a second header in communication with the other end of each of the plurality of tubes. The second heat exchanger includes a heat exchange pipe that is bent plural times between the second connection pipe and the third connection pipe.

Abstract: A fillable gel pack includes a first side panel having a peripheral region characterized by a first boundary and a second side panel having a peripheral region characterized by a second boundary. The fillable gel pack also includes a sealed periphery joining a portion of the peripheral region of the first side panel shorter than the first boundary with a portion of the peripheral region of the second side panel shorter than the second boundary. The sealed periphery includes one or more outwardly disposed convex portions. The fillable gel pack further includes an unsealed periphery disposed at an unsealed portion of the peripheral region of the first side panel and an unsealed portion of the peripheral region of the second side panel. The unsealed periphery provides a fluid conduit passing from a region external to the fillable gel pack to a region internal to the fillable gel pack.

Abstract: A heat exchanger associated with a duct for a first fluid including: a central duct portion in fluid communication with the duct having an interior space and an exterior surface; a valve having opened and closed positions engageable within the interior space of the central duct portion; at least one coiled conduit for a second fluid positioned about at least a portion of the exterior surface of the central duct portion; upper and lower duct portions in fluid communication with the central duct portion including stationary upper and lower duct portions and movable upper and lower duct portions having opened and closed positions; and an at least partially movable and/or removable shell engaged with the stationary upper duct portion and the stationary lower duct portion and enclosing the coiled conduit; and, a refrigeration apparatus and process including the same.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating a mixed hydrocarbon feed stream (10), such as a natural gas stream. The mixed hydrocarbon feed stream (10) is expanded into a mixed-phase hydrocarbon stream (20), which is separated the to provide at least a light overhead stream (30) and a heavy bottom stream (50). The light overhead stream (30) is compressed in one or more first compressors (16) to provide one or more first compressed light streams (40) and further compressed in one or more second compressors (22) to provide one or more further compressed light streams (60). One or more first compressor recycle lines (42) extend around the or each first compressor (16), and one or more second compressor recycle lines (32) having one or more in-line coolers (34) extend around the or each second compressor (22). The method and apparatus may be used in a method of cooling an initial hydrocarbon stream (100).