Abstract: A pearlescent effect pigment having an opaque, dark or black color is disclosed. The black pearlescent pigment includes a platelet-shaped non-metal substrate, optionally an oxide layer, a template layer, and a metal layer. The pearlescent luster of the disclosed effect pigment is comparable to those of pure pearlescent effects. The disclosed method provides a cost-effective approach for the manufacturing of the disclosed effect pigment.

Abstract: A composition comprising pulverized hydrous kaolins having a particle size distribution meeting the following ratio: ( cumulative ? ? mass ? ? at ? ? 0.5 ? ? ?m ) ( cumulative ? ? mass ? ? at ? ? 2 ? ? ?m ) ? 0.5 , and a median particle size (D50) less than or equal to 2.0 ?m and a composition comprising hydrous kaolins having the particle size distribution, the median particle size (D50), and certain Hegman dispersion according to the “SSM” V-T Alkyd Hegman Test are disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of preparing a composition comprising inventive hydrous kaolins, as well as a method of increasing the dispersion rate of hydrous kaolins. Products, such as inks, paints, polymer products, rubber products, and coatings, using the inventive hydrous kaolins are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treatment process or recycling co process for oily wastes originating from the use of hydrocarbons, products manufactured therefrom and derivatives of same, without using aggregates from natural banks during the transformation process, thereby producing a novel material which can be used as an aggregate in hydraulic or asphaltic rolling surfaces, road sub-bases, bases and repair work involving cold patching, and which has the following mechanical characteristics and properties: zero plasticity; non toxicity; insolubility and impermeability to water, which prevents any form of leaching during the handling or use thereof; and optimum CBR and compacting, reducing construction times and costs and any negative impact on the environment, through the sustainable use of wastewater streams.

Abstract: In the method according to the invention for operating a cement plant, the raw meal is preheated in a preheating zone, the preheated material is precalcined in a calcining zone and the precalcined material is finally sintered in a sintering zone. The cement plant is operated in such a manner that the precalcined material which is supplied to the sintering zone has an SO3 concentration of at least 5.5% by mass and a CaSO4 proportion of at least 75%, preferably 90%, of the total salt content.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a surface panel for supporting objects in a first workspace. The surface panel includes a removable plug having a first flat surface and a second surface comprising rectilinear fingers for supporting devices in a generally upright position. A frame having a top side and a bottom side holds the surface panel above the top side and enables the surface panel to be positioned at a plurality angles relative to the frame. Appendages joined to the frame and deployable from the frame enable the frame and the surface panel to be supported a distance above a surface, where the distance is sufficient for enabling a second workspace between the frame and the surface.

Abstract: A dunnage platform adapted to support a load for transport comprises a deck including a top surface, a bottom surface and an edge extending therebetween and a pair of legs, each of the legs including at least one foot extending from the leg. The bottom surface of the deck includes at least one stub for each of the legs, the at least one stub positioning the leg along the bottom surface. The at least one foot of each leg is hollow to receive the at least one stub. When the pair of legs is positioned along the deck, the dunnage platform is elevated by the at least one foot extending from the each said leg of the pair of legs.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved pallet formed from a thermoplastic material of the polyolefin type, from two pieces, base and deck, that can be coupled to each other with fastening means there between; said base and deck provided with posts projecting from each in a direction towards the other and that can be coupled to each other, in order to form hollow columns; wherein the posts projecting from the base form the outer wall of a plurality of columns, and the posts projecting from the deck are located at the interior of said columns, forming the inner wall thereof and thus constituting a hollow passage between said outer and inner walls of the columns; said hollow space is filled up with a foamed material to provide a greater impact resistance and resistance to the disassembling under normal conditions of operation.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus of controlling a flow rate of a primary recirculating exhaust gas in an oxyfuel combustion boiler, capable of realizing a stable combustion by a burner in oxyfuel combustion. Weight ratio of flow rate of primary recirculating exhaust gas [ton/h] to amount of pulverized coal from a mill [ton/h] is defined as G/C, and the flow rate of primary recirculating exhaust gas is controlled so that the G/C falls within a given range.

Abstract: Provided is a gasification furnace apparatus equipped with a supply source of low-oxygen-concentration drying gas that does not require fuel. A coal pulverizer that produces pulverized coal by pulverizing coal, an air separator that separates air into oxygen gas and nitrogen gas, and a gasification furnace that produces product gas by introducing thereinto the pulverized coal and the oxygen gas, are included. By receiving a supply of excess nitrogen gas from the air separator, the air diluted with nitrogen is used as a source of low-oxygen-concentration gas for drying the pulverized coal, and an air heater that heats the source of low-oxygen-concentration gas to a temperature at which drying can be performed is provided.

Abstract: An explosive combustion device for biological materials such as husks, cores, and chaff includes a feed unit having from upstream to downstream a pulverizer, a hopper, and a pneumatic conveyor; an air delivery unit having from upstream to downstream a vortex blower, an air tank, and an air volume regulator; a heating unit having from upstream to downstream a fuel source, a fuel flow control, and a heater; a combustion unit heated by the heater, the combustion unit being adapted to receive particles from the pneumatic conveyor and the compressed air from the air volume regulator; and a nozzle at an outlet of the combustion unit. The particles and the compressed air are mixed in the combustion unit turbulently to fully combust.

Abstract: A refractory anchoring system that mitigates the effects of the thermo-mechanical stresses that arise from the furnace temperature gradient and varying thermal expansions of the refractory and casing. This anchoring system provides independent movement which may be important for maintaining the refractory lining stability and its ability to contain the furnace processes. The invention relates more specifically to the metallic member that is configured in a specific spring-like manner. This invention also relates to the specific design of the non-metallic member (refractory anchor) to work in conjunction with the metallic member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a soil opening implement comprising a frame (5) adapted to be moved across a ground surface to be opened, a soil opener (1) mounted on the frame for a repetitive cyclic movement to cause the soil opener to penetrate the ground at a plurality of spaced positions to form a line of holes in the soil, and means for varying the pitch of the holes, that is the spacing between adjacent holes in the direction of movement of the implement, the implement having the facility to deliver objects, such as seeds or fertiliser granules in the holes, either one object per hole or multiple objects per hole, wherein the implement includes a hopper (11) for holding a supply of objects and for delivering the objects to the soil opener which is in the form of a substantially vertical hollow tube (11b) through which the objects are fed and delivered to the holes; and wherein the lower end (13) of the tube is angled and tapers to a point, the taper being formed by an angled cut on the trailing side of the opener relativ

Abstract: The present invention discloses a gravity center adjustment device for a wind turbine installation vessel, with the gravity center adjustment device (2) fixedly mounted to the outside of the vessel body (4) of the wind turbine installation vessel. The existence of the gravity center adjustment device (2) according to the present invention is independent from the vessel body and no longer limited by the size of the installation vessel and the size of the ballast bank provided in the vessel body of the wind turbine installation vessel. The size of the gravity center adjustment device (2) may be set as desired so that the adjustment ability of the gravity center adjustment device can be changed, whereby its ability for adjusting gravity center of the wind turbine installation vessel can be improved and the stability of the wind turbine installation vessel can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention which relates to the field of offshore wind turbine installation technology, discloses a wind turbine holding and lifting system for a movable operating platform above water. The wind turbine holding and lifting system comprises a first standing column, a second standing column, a beam lifting device, no less than one beam and enclasping means for holding the wind turbine tower; the first standing column and the second standing column are juxtaposed, and the opposed faces of the first and second standing columns are provided with guiding grooves for sliding the beams; the enclasping means is arranged on the beam, and the two ends of the beam are interfitted within the guiding grooves of the first and second standing columns; the beam lifting device is fixed to the first or second standing column, and the lifting end of the beam lifting device is connected to the beam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ballast system for a marine structure. The ballast system comprises a ballast tank which is in fluid communication with a tank arrangement for temporarily holding bilge fluid and/or ballast fluid in a marine structure. The tank arrangement comprises a storage space defined by at least one tank wall, at least one fluid inlet for introducing the bilge fluid and/or ballast fluid in the storage space, and at least one fluid outlet permitting removal of at least parts of the bilge fluid and/or ballast fluid from the storage space. The at least one fluid outlet is at least partly formed by a caisson adapted for receiving a submersible pump at a submersible pump position in the storage space.

Abstract: A floating vessel is equipped with perforated plates which exhibit both an added-mass effect and a damping effect. The addition of porosity to an added mass plate phase-shifts the added mass force so that it becomes at least partially a damping force which does not depend on large velocities to develop a large damping force. Preferred porosity is in the range of about 5% to about 15% of total plate area. A semi-submersible vessel may have damper plates fitted between its surface-piercing columns, within a support grid in the area between the pontoons and/or extending from the sides of its pontoons. A truss spar offshore platform may have damper plates installed within its truss structure intermediate its hull and ballast tank. Drill ships and similar vessels may be equipped with damper plates extending from the sides of their hulls to reduce both heave and roll.

Abstract: The invention relates to two parallel added floaters (2) for watercraft, which are fixed to the stern (1a) on a watercraft hull (1) or a platform element (31) whereby the single auxiliary bottom (5) is positioned higher or for the most part positioned higher than the hull bottom (6) and forms a step. The added floaters (2) create on the one hand a static lift (As) and on the other hand a dynamic (Ad) lift.

Abstract: A submarine or surface watercraft is equipped with at least one, preferably supercharged charging diesel engine, which serves to charge the vessel's batteries and which is operated in a controlled and regulated manner during submarine snorkeling mode or during the normal operation of surface watercraft. In at least one embodiment, the exhaust gases produced during the operation of the charging diesel engine are mixed with a flow of water, which is drawn from the water surrounding the vessel and delivered in a regulated manner by a pump while interacting with a negative-pressure generating device, and, in a mixed state, are discharged under water. The operation of the formed negative-pressure generating and mixing device ensues while interacting with the controlling and regulating of the charging diesel engine.

Abstract: Relocateable boat accessories, such as seats having a second extension that can be positioned through a second extension slot, and then pivoted to position a locking member through a finger slot. The locking member can have a tip that is positioned under a floor so secure the seat to the floor. The floor may have several second extension slots and several finger slots to accommodate various accessory or seat position possibilities.

Abstract: A cabin enclosure of a boat which is substantially water proof is provided. The cabin enclosure comprises a top, frame with joists attached to joist covers, plurality of windows, flashing and track which are layered upon each other to cascade water down the top, onto the windows and onto the track and into the river, bay or ocean. The plurality of windows may surround the passenger area of the boat and also prevents water from entering the boat. In particular, the plurality of windows are zippered onto adjacent joist covers so as to form a substantially water proof barrier between the interior and exterior of the boat. The flashing may be attached to the interior of the window with hooks and loops which run horizontally across the window and prevent water that splashes under the window from entering into the passenger area.

Abstract: An ocean going vessel with interchangeable superstructure and hull in which the superstructure has control units for controlling propulsion and steering, as well as components for communication and navigation. The superstructure and the hull each have an interface providing quick connect and disconnect capability between the control units of the superstructure and the components being controlled of the hull. A system for interchanging superstructures and hulls for ocean going vessels is enabled in which the superstructure of an inbound vessel is removed and transferred to an outbound hull with the use of a crane at the port facility. This facilitates quick turnaround time of the superstructure and crew of the inbound vessel. This also enables inbound ship hulls to be inspected without delaying the outbound hull that has been preloaded from being shipped out of port with the transferred superstructure.

Abstract: A motor vehicle display with a first indicator and a first dial in which an average fuel consumption is indicated on the first dial by the first indicator. There is a second dial and the first indicator, in conjunction with the second dial, indicates a distance which can still be covered with the amount in the vehicle tank, wherein the second dial is followed automatically.

Abstract: Single crystal composed of silicon with a section having a diameter that remains constant, are pulled by a method wherein the single crystal is pulled with a predefined pulling rate vp having the units [mm/min]; and the diameter of the single crystal in the section having a diameter that remains constant is regulated to the predefined diameter by regulating the heating power of a first heating source which supplies heat to the single crystal and to a region of the melt that adjoins the single crystal and is arranged above the melt, such that diameter fluctuations are corrected with a period duration T that is not longer than (2·18 mm)/vp.

Abstract: Techniques for the formation of silicon ingots and crystals using silicon feedstock of various grades are described. A common feature is adding a predetermined amount of germanium to the melt and performing a crystallization to incorporate germanium into the silicon lattice of respective crystalline silicon materials. Such incorporated germanium results in improvements of respective silicon material characteristics, including increased material strength and improved electrical properties. This leads to positive effects at applying such materials in solar cell manufacturing and at making modules from those solar cells.

Abstract: An apparatus for growing a synthetic diamond comprises a growth chamber, at least one manifold allowing access to the growth chamber, and a plurality of safety clamps positioned on opposite sides of the growth chamber; wherein the growth chamber and the plurality of safety clamps are comprised of a material having a tensile strength of about 120,000-200,000 psi, a yield strength of about 100,000-160,000 psi, an elongation of about 10-20%, an area reduction of about 40-50%, an impact strength of about 30-40 ft-lbs, and a hardness greater than 320 BHN.

Abstract: A method for making a flexographic printing master includes a first step of providing a flexographic printing support; a second step of applying image wise with a first resolution a layer of a radiation curable liquid partially covering the printing side of the support; a third step of flood exposing the applied radiation curable layer to fully cure the layer; and a fourth step of image wise laser engraving the cured layer with a second resolution which is higher than the resolution of the second step. An imaging apparatus can perform the above method.

Abstract: A Siemens type CVD reactor device is provided. One or more radiation shields are disposed between a rod filament and a cooled wall in the reactor. The radiation shield absorbs radiant heat emanating from the heated polysilicon rod during the CVD process, gets heated above 400° C., re-radiate the absorbed heat toward both of the polysilicon rod and the cooled wall, so as to provide thermal shielding effect to the cooled wall. The net energy loss of the polysilicon rod is reduced as much as the amount of energy emitted toward the polysilicon rod from the radiation shield, such that considerable amount of electrical energy of the CVD reactor is reduced and saved. The energy reduction rate goes up much higher if using multiple layered radiation shields, low shielding emissivity, and low thermal conductivity together. The purity of the manufactured polysilicon can be maintained by using thermal shielding material that is stable in a high temperature such as graphite, silicon carbide-coated graphite, and silicon.

Abstract: A system for depositing a thin film on a substrate using a vapor deposition process is described. The deposition system includes a process chamber having a vacuum pumping system configured to evacuate the process chamber, a substrate holder coupled to the process chamber and configured to support the substrate, a gas distribution system coupled to the process chamber and configured to introduce a film forming composition to a process space in the vicinity of a surface of the substrate, a non-ionizing heat source separate from the substrate holder that is configured to receive a flow of the film forming composition and to cause thermal fragmentation of one or more constituents of the film forming composition when heated, and one or more power sources coupled to the heating element array and configured to provide an electrical signal to the at least one heating element zone.

Abstract: A vapor deposition device includes a holding compartment and a reaction device. The holding compartment defines a receiving chamber and includes a number of inner side surfaces and a number of holding plates disposed on the respective inner side surfaces, each holding plate defines a number of holding grooves for holding substrates. The reaction device is rotatably received in the receiving chamber and includes an outer barrel and an inner barrel received in the outer barrel, the outer barrel and the inner barrel cooperatively defines a first room, the inner barrel defines a second room; the reaction device includes ion nozzles communicating with the second room and precursor gas nozzles communicating with the first room; the outer barrel includes at least one crucible and at least one electron beam gun received in the first room, the inner barrel includes an ion source received in the second room.

Abstract: A gas supply apparatus for introducing gases to a process chamber of a PECVD system is provided. The gas supply apparatus includes a gas inlet tube, a process gas pipe, a cleaning gas pipe, a remote plasma source (RPS) and a variable valve. The RPS is connected with a cleaning gas source, and the cleaning gas pipe is connected between the gas inlet tube and the RPS for introducing a cleaning gas from the RPS to the gas inlet tube. The process gas pipe is connected between the gas inlet tube and a process gas source for introducing a process gas to the gas inlet tube. The variable valve is installed in the gas inlet tube for closing a passage between the cleaning gas pipe and the gas inlet tube to prevent the process gas entering the cleaning gas pipe when the process gas is introduced to the process chamber.

Abstract: A parallel resonance frequency can be adjusted in order to stably and securely block different high frequency noises flowing into a line such as a power feed line or a signal line from electric members including a high frequency electrode within a processing chamber. A filter 102(1) coaxially accommodates a coil 104(1) within a cylindrical outer conductor 110, and a ring member 122 is coaxially installed between the coil 104(1) and the outer conductor 110. The ring-shaped member 122 may be a plate body of a circular ring shape on a plane orthogonal to an axial direction of the outer conductor 110 and made of a conductor such as cupper or aluminum and electrically connected with the outer conductor 110 while electrically insulated from the coil 104(1).

Abstract: A coating apparatus includes a deposition case, a reaction assembly, two precursors, a target, and a driving assembly. The deposition case includes a housing defining a cavity for receiving workpieces. The reaction assembly receives in the cavity and includes an outer barrel, an inner barrel, a plurality of nozzles, and a plurality of pipes. The outer barrel includes a main body and two protruding bodies. The main body and the inner barrel cooperatively define a first room therebetween. Each protruding body defines a second room communicating with the first room. The inner barrel defines a third room. The nozzles extend from the main body and communicate with the first room. The pipes extend from the inner barrel and communicate with the third room. The precursors receive in the second rooms. The target receives in the third room. The driving assembly drives the housing to rotate relative to the reaction assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for hatching of hatchery eggs comprising: (a) treating the egg shell surface with a coating composition comprising a coating agent, to form a coating on the surface of the egg's shell; and (b) incubating the egg under conditions to cause hatching to occur; wherein the yield of hatching of said hatchery eggs is improved as compared to control eggs not treated as defined in (a). The invention additionally relates to a composition for treating of hatchery eggs prior to incubation, wherein said composition comprising a coating agent, and wherein said composition improves the hatching yield of said hatchery eggs.

Abstract: A teat cup inflation comprises a mouthpiece having a vent for the limited admission of ambient air into the inflation barrel above the lower tip of the teat. One or more airflow passages are formed by the configuration of the barrel and extend along the length of the barrel to vent air from mouthpiece to the short milk tube. The one or more airflow passage can be formed between the sides of barrels that are multisided in cross-section.

Abstract: A pad for a pet, for example a cat, to rest on includes a foam block encased in a fabric covering with generally parallel top surface portions that includes a head top surface portion for the front part of the cat to rest on and a rear main body top surface portion at a lower elevation for the remainder of the cat to rest on. The top part of the head portion is trapezoidal in longitudinal cross section with its major base being below it minor base which provide a part of the pad top surface. The main body portion has a generally planar rectangular top surface portion that is generally parallel to the minor base top surface portion.

Abstract: A method and installation for automatically determining the readiness of an animal for being weaned off liquid feed and onto dry feed. The height of an animal in an animal installation is automatically measured using a height measurement system at a selected location within the installation. A suitable location within an installation for providing a height gauge may include a feeding station, a cleaning station or other treatment station of an animal. Additional parameters may be used for the determination of readiness to wean in combination with dry feed consumption rate, such as animal age, weight or other animal dimensions. In determining the height, the method may include making a determination of the overall physical condition of the animal and may include a determination of the height-to-weight-ratio of an animal. The installation may include an automatic animal weighing system. Measured values may be stored in a control system memory for monitoring the growth of individual animals.

Abstract: A squirrel resistant bird feeder which comprises a seed container, a seed tray mounted below the seed container, a shroud enclosing the seed container and seed tray with at least one feed opening in a lower portion of the shroud, a cover member extending over the shroud, a central tube extending between the seed tray and an upper portion of the seed container, a center post within the center tube, and a plunger comprising an upper plunger portion and a lower plunger portion, the upper plunger portion and lower portion being screwthreadedly engaged such that the length may be varied, a spring member mounted about the center post and biasing the seed tray and the lower plunger portion.

Abstract: An installation with animal enclosures includes a nipple assembly with a feeding nipple for dispensing liquid feed to animals in the installation, where a single feeding nipple is pivotable between at least two animal enclosures, the nipple assembly including the feeding nipple mounted on a pivot, which pivot is biased to maintain the feeding nipple in a neutral position between the extremes of a range of pivotability.

Abstract: A self-cleaning litter box (50) provides various advantages over the prior art. In particular, in one embodiment, the self-cleaning litter box (50) is configured to use a one piece litter cartridge (20) having a litter compartment (26) and a waste compartment 24. In another embodiment, the cartridge (20) is non-compartmentalized. In another embodiment, the system includes a rake assembly (56) configured with a drive assembly (58) that is protected from waste contamination. In accordance with the invention, the self-cleaning litter box (50) is configured to be used with all types of litter including crystal type litter.

Abstract: A pet environment is disclosed that may have a platform having an outer edge and a platform aperture, the platform sloping downward from adjacent the outer edge to the platform aperture; a housing structure positioned above the platform aperture having at least one pathway in the housing structure, the pathway having at least one opening adapted to receive pet waste; and a gap between the platform and the housing structure extending along at least a portion of the platform aperture to receive pet waste from the platform. The pet environment may also have a container for collecting pet waste positioned below the aperture, and a support structure beneath the platform adapted to support the platform and the housing structure. The support structure may be flexible and may produce a vibratory effect in response to movement of an animal.

Abstract: A pet abode with sound dampening characteristics comprising an interior space of a pet abode having sufficient dimensions to allow a pet to comfortably reside within the interior space. The interior space is formed from at least three walls where one or more of the walls exhibits sound dampening characteristics. The sound dampening characteristics reduces a one or more sounds originating from a source external to the interior space. That is, the interior space of the pet abode is sound proofed (or sound dampened), allowing a pet to be undisturbed by loud noises outside the interior space.

Abstract: An interconnected ring chain comprises a first ring comprising a biologically degradable material and having a first shape and a second ring comprising a biologically degradable material and having a second shape and interconnected with the first ring such that the first and second rings are both movable and substantially inseparable relative to each other. Each ring may be solid (continuous) or non-solid (discontinuous) such that the rings may be interconnected by mechanical or non-mechanical methods. A chain may be formed from rings having the same or various shapes.

Abstract: A device and methods for catching, removing from within buildings, and releasing wild birds are provided. Sonic and/or dynamic characteristics of water are utilized as an attractant to lure birds towards a device for capturing birds. The attractant is located within a holding area of the device. The walls of the device are transparent and vented to allow the dynamic characteristics of the water to be seen from outside the device and to allow the sonic characteristics to be heard from outside the device. The device includes an opening that allows birds to enter the holding area of the device and that also prevents birds located within the holding area from exiting the device.

Abstract: A retractable pet leash having an integrated lamp powered by an electric generator. A spool is rotatably mounted inside a housing and a leash cord is coiled on the spool. The spool rotates in a first direction of rotation as the leash cord pays out through an opening provided in the housing. A spring inside the housing is configured to bias the spool toward rotation opposite the first direction of rotation, for retracting the leash cord. A circular toothed gear is attached to the spool for synchronous rotation and a set of speed change gears are configured to translate rotation of the circular toothed gear to turn the generator. A cup gear, having an inner wall provided with a unidirectional teeth groove, engages a speed change gear. A prism plate with pivotally mounted pawls is rotatably mounted in contact with the unidirectional teeth groove, for translating rotation in one direction only, to the generator. The generator outputs direct current to a circuit board.

Abstract: A removable water resistant cloth bag that can be used with or without a disposable bag directly on the animal's body by a harness that can be worn to catch urine, feces or both forms of waste. There may be a back strap that may connect to a dog's collar, two side straps that connect around the dog's chest, and straps connects to the side straps over the dogs shoulders behind the head, two nylon straps or bra straps that wraps and adjust to fit around the dog's hind legs, all the straps may utilize hook, loop fasteners, side release snaps, the bottom section may be where the bag can be attached; the top section the dog's tail may be inserted, the bag may then be positioned to catch urine, lined with an absorbent lining, or to collect feces, a longer bag may catch all waste at the same time.

Abstract: In order to provide a pulverized coal burner for an oxyfuel combustion boiler which attains uniform combustion from a pulverized coal burner and which constrains a temperature rise of an oxygen injection nozzle, burner inner and outer cylinders are arranged to penetrate a wind box 2 and come close to a throat portion 3. A pulverized coal feed passage 9 is provided between the burner inner and outer cylinders 4 and 5. A plurality of oxygen injection means 11 are arranged outwardly of the burner outer cylinder 4 so as to directly feed oxygen ahead of the burner outer cylinder 4.

Abstract: Provided is a boiler structure that allows for appropriate flow-rate distribution for each furnace wall by using a simple configuration without any moving parts in a wide thermal-load range of a furnace from a partial load to a rated load. In a boiler structure having a furnace water-wall formed of multiple boiler evaporation tubes and configured to generate steam by heating water inside the furnace when the water that is pressure-fed to the boiler evaporation tubes flows inside the tubes, the boiler structure includes a pressure-loss adjusting section, for an internal fluid, provided in an outlet connection tube that connects outlets of water walls obtained by dividing the furnace water-wall into multiple parts.

Abstract: A coolant circulation system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas recirculation system coolant circuit and a cabin heating circuit. The exhaust gas recirculation system coolant circuit includes a heat exchanger to extract heat from exhaust gases into the engine coolant. The cabin heating circuit includes a heat exchanger for sinking heat into a vehicle cabin. An exhaust gas recirculation flow control valve controls the flow of exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas recirculation line and through the line heat exchanger. The exhaust gas recirculation flow control valve is closed when the engine is not warm enough. A heater control valve controls the flow of coolant through the cabin heating circuit. Opening and closing of the heater control valve is made responsive to direct or indirect indication of engine temperature in order to maintain engine temperature by restricting flow to the cabin heating circuit.

Abstract: An exhaust heat recovery device may include a radiator disposed at a main line and through which hot coolant circulates, an exhaust heat exchanger transferring exhaust heat of an engine to coolant, a first valve selectively circulating the coolant to the main line or a bypass line, a water pump connected to the first valve and circulating the coolant, a coolant temperature sensor detecting temperature of the coolant, a second valve connected to the water pump and disposed at a distributing line to distribute the coolant supplied by the water pump to the engine and the exhaust heat exchanger, and a control portion that controls the first and second valves depending on the temperature of the coolant so as to adjust coolant amount circulating in the engine and the exhaust heat exchanger and coolant amount circulating in the radiator and the bypass line.

Abstract: A vehicle control system 10 includes a water pump 23 with an electromagnetic clutch, an oil relief device 25, an OCV 26, a water temperature sensor 31, and an ECU 11. The ECU 11 causes the electromagnetic clutch of the water pump 23 to be disengaged on the basis of the detection result detected by the water temperature sensor 31, and stops the coolant circulation. The ECU 11 instructs the OCV 26 to adjust the lubricant pressure to low by an oil relief device 25. The ECU 11 determines whether or not the adjustment of the lubricant pressure to low by the oil relief device 25 is stopped on the basis of the detection result detected by the water temperature sensor 31 when the engagement of the electromagnetic clutch of the water pump 23 continues for a given period.