Abstract: A continuous casting and rolling plant for the continuous production of steel bars or profiles, the plant comprising in sequence, along a processing line, a continuous casting machine adapted to cast a billet; a first cutting device; a second cutting device; a rolling train adapted to roll the billet; wherein the continuous casting machine comprises a crystallizer, and is adapted to cast the billet at least at a first casting speed v1 and at a second casting speed v2 greater than the first casting speed v1; wherein the first cutting device is arranged at a first distance from the crystallizer expressed in meters, along the processing line, calculated according to a specific mathematical relation.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to a method of cold-spray deposition involving cooling the cold-spray nozzle by at least one of expanding and vaporizing a compressed cooling fluid in proximity to the cold-spray nozzle. The present disclosure also includes a cold-spray deposition spray head, a cooling jacket for a cold-spray deposition nozzle and a cold-spray deposition system comprising the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heat transfer-based width adjustment method for a continuous casting mold. A boundary condition of a horizontal acceleration velocity ? used in heat transfer-based width adjustment of a continuous casting mold is set to a minimum value subject to constraints of a maximum air gap and shell strength. The present invention can constrain a maximum air gap between a copper plate of a narrow mold wall and a casting billet in a heat transfer-based width adjustment process for a continuous casting mold, thereby ensuring sufficient contact between the copper plate of the narrow mold wall and the casting billet, so as to prevent cracks and other defects of the casting billet due to excessive thermal resistance of the air gap, insufficient corner cooling of the casting billet, delayed solidification and concentrated thermal deformation stress.

Abstract: The invention relates to a permanent mold plate having a plurality of fastening points (3) on the rear side (2) thereof for fastening purposes, and cooling ducts (5) which are adjacent to the fastening points (3) and are in the form of depressions that are located within the rear side (2) and are open towards the rear side (2). From the perspective of a fastening point (3) towards the casting side (4) of the mold plate (1) opposite the rear side (2), at least one cooling duct (5) extends all the way to a point located below the fastening point (3).

Abstract: Compositions for balancing a rotary system are disclosed having hydrophobic particles distributed in thixotropic balancing substance. Further disclosed are methods for balancing a rotary system and rotary systems using the composition.

Abstract: A primary object of the present invention is to provide a technique of avoiding occurrence of surface defects caused by an electromagnetic brake while checking internal defects with this electromagnetic brake, so that cleanliness of a cast steel can be improved compared with prior arts, and the present invention provides a method for continuously casting steel, the method comprising supplying molten steel into a funnel mold while applying an electromagnetic brake to an outlet flow discharged from an outlet port of an immersion nozzle, wherein magnetic flux density (B) of the electromagnetic brake is within a range of the following (Formula 1): B min ? B ? B max , ? B min = 800 · ( D max D 0 ) 3 · ( H SEN H 0 ) ? ( v · sin ? ? ? ) ? , ? and ? ? B max = 3000 · ( D max D 0 ) 3 · ( H SEN H 0 ) ( v · sin ? ? ? ) 2 .

Abstract: A plunger assembly for a die casting machine shot sleeve includes a plunger body that has an outer diameter. The plunger includes a head that provides a wall. A piston ring is arranged on the plunger body adjacent to the wall. A nut is secured to the outer diameter and urges the piston ring toward the wall to retain the piston ring securely on the plunger body.

Abstract: A free casting method according to the present invention includes, a lead-out step for leading out molten metal from a lead-out area (P) provided in a source of supply, e.g. a surface level of the molten metal, to retain the molten metal temporarily by surface films (F) generated on an outer surface, and a forming step for obtaining a formed body by solidifying retained molten metal (MS) led out along a set passage (L1) depending on a desired casting shape, wherein the retained molten metal is solidified after being formed into the desired casting shape by applying an external force thereto at positions between an unrestrained root portion of the retained molten metal in vicinity of the surface level of the molten metal and a solidification interface defined as a boundary between the retained molten metal and the formed body in the forming step.

Abstract: A continuous casting mold for casting a strand of metal includes a sidewall having an inner circumference to define a mold cavity which has a pouring opening for liquid metal and an outlet opening for a cast strand. The mold cavity has a cross section sized to correspond to a basic shape of the cast strand. The sidewall is provided with a profiling in the form of a corrugation that extends in a casting direction and forms grooves extending in substantial parallel relationship from the pouring opening to the outlet opening of the mold cavity. A ratio of the inner circumference of the mold cavity to a width of each of the grooves is greater than 30, and the width of the groove is in the range of 1.5 mm to 30 mm.

Abstract: A free casting method according to the present invention includes, a lead-out step for leading out molten metal from a lead-out area provided in a source of supply, e.g. a surface level of the molten metal, to retain the molten metal temporarily by surface films generated on an outer surface, and a forming step for obtaining a formed body by solidifying retained molten metal led out along a set passage depending on a desired casting shape, wherein the retained molten metal is solidified after being formed into the desired casting shape by applying an external force thereto at positions between an unrestrained root portion of the retained molten metal in vicinity of the surface level of the molten metal and a solidification interface defined as a boundary between the retained molten metal and the formed body in the forming step.

Abstract: A chamfered narrow side copper plate for a mold with a funnel-shaped curved surface has a working face contacting molten steel that includes a middle area and two chamfered areas, which are arranged at two sides. The working face has a funnel-shaped curved surface, which is larger at a top and smaller at a bottom. The chamfered narrow side copper plate for mold with funnel-shaped curved surface can ensure the uniformity of the cooling effect of the chamfered surface and enhance the service life of the narrow side copper plate.

Abstract: A pulling-up-type continuous casting apparatus that lets molten metal solidify while pulling up a drawing section for drawing the molten metal from a molten-metal surface of the molten metal held in a holding furnace, and thereby shapes the molten metal, includes means for applying a non-contact force to held molten metal, the held molten metal being molten metal that has been drawn from the molten-metal surface by the drawing section but has not solidified yet.

Abstract: This invention discloses an L,R,C method and equipment for casting amorphous, ultracrystallite and crystallite metal slabs or other shaped metals. A workroom (8) with a constant temperature of tb=?190° C. and a constant pressure of pb=1 bar, and liquid nitrogen of ?190° C. and 1.877 bar is used as a cold source for cooling the casting blank. A liquid nitrogen ejector (5) ejects said liquid nitrogen to the surface of ferrous or non-ferrous metallic slabs or other shaped metals (7) with various ejection quantity v and various jet velocity k. Ejected liquid nitrogen comes into contact with the casting blank at cross section c shown in FIG. 2. This method adopts ultra thin film ejection technology, with a constant thickness of said film at 2 mm and ejection speed Kmax of said liquid nitrogen at 30 m/s.

Abstract: The continuous casting device according to the present invention enables at least some of a plurality of hearths (3) to be converted between being hearths (13) used for titanium, which are used during the continuous casting of titanium ingots, and being hearths (23) used for titanium alloy, which are used during the continuous casting of titanium alloy ingots. The number of hearths (23) used for titanium alloy is greater than the number of hearths (13) used for titanium. Also, the total capacity of the hearths (23) used for titanium alloy is greater than the total capacity of the hearths (13) used for titanium. Thus, titanium ingots and titanium alloy ingots can each be continuously cast by means of a single piece of equipment.

Abstract: Crystallizer for continuous casting, having a monolithic tubular structure defined by lateral walls (12) in the thickness of which channels (11) are made in which a cooling liquid flows, wherein two adjacent lateral walls (12) define a corner or s edge zone. On at least one longitudinal portion (C) of at least one of the lateral walls (12) and/or of at least one of the corner zones, defining a zone in correspondence with which, during use, the meniscus of the liquid metal is located, a reduction in thickness (13) is made, starting from the external surface, determining a cross section with a reduced area with respect to the remaining longitudinal portions of the monolithic tubular structure.

Abstract: A chamfered narrow side copper plate for a mould with a funnel-shaped curved surface has a working face contacting molten steel that includes a middle area and two chamfered areas, which are arranged at two sides. The working face has a funnel-shaped curved surface, which is larger at a top and smaller at a bottom. The chamfered narrow side copper plate for mould with funnel-shaped curved surface can ensure the uniformity of the cooling effect of the chamfered surface and enhance the service life of the narrow side copper plate.

Abstract: A copper mold or copper mold plate and also a process for reconditioning such worn molds or mold plates, which are used for the continuous casting of metals or metal alloys is provided. An electrolytically applied copper coating is provided on the inner wall of the mold or on that side of the mold plate which faces toward the casting strand.

Abstract: A chamfered narrow side copper plate for a mold with a funnel-shaped curved surface has a working face contacting molten steel that includes a middle area and two chamfered areas, which are arranged at two sides. The working face has a funnel-shaped curved surface, which is larger at a top and smaller at a bottom. The chamfered narrow side copper plate for mold with funnel-shaped curved surface can ensure the uniformity of the cooling effect of the chamfered surface and enhance the service life of the narrow side copper plate.

Abstract: A continuous casting furnace is configured for efficiently continuously casting ingots, including titanium alloy ingots. The furnace is configured with an internal cutter for cutting an ingot within the furnace interior chamber. The furnace typically includes a first interior chamber in which a continuous casting mold is disposed and a withdrawal chamber which is separable from the first interior chamber to facilitate withdrawal of finished ingots therefrom while casting continues within the first chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for continuous casting. The system includes a melt chamber, a withdrawal chamber, and a secondary chamber therebetween. The melt chamber can maintain a melting pressure and the withdrawal chamber can attain atmospheric pressure. The secondary chamber can include regions that can be adjusted to different pressures. During continuous casting operations, the first region adjacent to the melt chamber can be adjusted to a pressure that is at least slightly greater than the melting pressure; the pressure in subsequent regions can be sequentially decreased and then sequentially increased. The pressure in the final region can be at least slightly greater than atmospheric pressure. The differential pressures can form a dynamic airlock between the melt chamber and the withdrawal chamber, which can prevent infiltration of the melt chamber by non-inert gas in the atmosphere, and thus can prevent contamination of reactive materials in the melt chamber.

Abstract: A surface-treated mold that includes a mold, a metal layer that is provided on a surface of the mold and contains at least one metal selected from nickel, chromium, tungsten and brass, and a carbon film that is provided on a surface of the metal layer, wherein the metal layer contains carbon, and the carbon concentration in the metal layer is higher between the boundary with the carbon film and the center of the metal layer than that between the boundary with the mold and the center of the metal layer.

Abstract: A mold includes: a base; and a contact surface which is provided on the base and which comes into contact with a molten material. The contact surface is provided with a first surface portion that includes a first fiber layer in which first carbon fibers are raised, and a second surface portion having different surface characteristics from the first surface portion.

Abstract: A composite side dam for a continuous twin roll caster includes a substrate made of a refractory material capable of withstanding casting temperature and having edge portions adapted to engage casting rolls and having a nip portion adjacent a nip between casting rolls and upper portions extending across the side dam to form a lateral restraint for a casting pool, an insert of at least 10 mm in thickness positioned in a pocket in the substrate and extending to engage the molten metal and extending from the upper portions of the substrate and positioned in the pocket to within 30 mm from the nip portion by insertion adjacent the upper portions of the substrate, and the insert adapted to fit into the pocket of the substrate to form a side dam formed of a refractory material having consumption rate less than 10 mm per hour. The material forming the insert may be between 40 and 60% SiAlON material and the remainder hBN material, or mullite material as described by FIG.

Abstract: A casting mold made of a copper material having a casting surface (2) that faces a metal melt, at least one expansion joint (3) being situated in the casting surface (2); the expansion joint (3) having a width (B) that is so small that, during the casting process, no metal melt penetrates into the expansion joint (3).

Abstract: A continuous casting mould for casting a strand of metal includes a sidewall having an inner circumference to define a mould cavity which has a pouring opening for liquid metal and an outlet opening for a cast strand. The mould cavity has a cross section sized to correspond to a basic shape of the cast strand. The sidewall is provided with a profiling in the form of a corrugation that extends in a casting direction and forms grooves extending in substantial parallel relationship from the pouring opening to the outlet opening of the mould cavity. A ratio of the inner circumference of the mould cavity to a width of each of the grooves is greater than 30, and the width of the groove is in the range of 1.5 mm to 30 mm.

Abstract: A melt charging system for the horizontal strip casting of a molten metal with a run-out element, in particular with a nozzle (9), is characterized in that at least one heating device (21, 22; 28) is arranged in the region of the run-out element for heating up the run-out element.

Abstract: A free casting method according to the present invention includes, a lead-out step for leading out molten metal from a lead-out area provided in a source of supply, e.g. a surface level of the molten metal, to retain the molten metal temporarily by surface films generated on an outer surface, and a forming step for obtaining a formed body by solidifying retained molten metal led out along a set passage depending on a desired casting shape, wherein the retained molten metal is solidified after being formed into the desired casting shape by applying an external force thereto at positions between an unrestrained root portion of the retained molten metal in vicinity of the surface level of the molten metal and a solidification interface defined as a boundary between the retained molten metal and the formed body in the forming step.

Abstract: This invention discloses an L,R,C method and equipment for casting amorphous, ultracrystallite and crystallite metal slabs or other shaped metals. A workroom (8) with a constant temperature of tb=?190° C. and a constant pressure of pb=1 bar, and liquid nitrogen of ?190° C. and 1.877 bar is used as a cold source for cooling the casting blank. A liquid nitrogen ejector (5) ejects said liquid nitrogen to the surface of ferrous or non-ferrous metallic slabs or other shaped metals (7) with various ejection quantity v and various jet velocity k. Ejected liquid nitrogen comes into contact with the casting blank at cross section c shown in FIG. 2. This method adopts ultra thin film ejection technology, with a constant thickness of said film at 2 mm and ejection speed Kmax of said liquid nitrogen at 30 m/s.

Abstract: A continuous casting device for steel of the present invention includes a casting mold for casting a molten steel, a submerged entry nozzle, an electromagnetic stirring device, and an electromagnetic brake device. Further, a curved portion which is curved toward the electromagnetic stirring device is formed at least at a position where the curved portion faces the submerged entry nozzle, on each of the long side walls. Moreover, the horizontal distance between a top of the curved portion and the submerged entry nozzle in plan view is equal to or more than 35 mm and less than 50 mm.

Abstract: Described herein is a twin roll caster including a pair of casting rolls arranged parallel to one another with a gap between the casting rolls and side dams parallel to one another forming a pool between the casting rolls and side dams. A side dam support is provided that applies a compression force on at least one of the side dams at a compression angle relative to the axis of the casting rolls.

Abstract: Mold for the continuous casting of preliminary sections, in particular double T-shaped preliminary sections, such as beam blank sections or similar sections, wherein all the interior walls of the mold in a mold passage have a tapered course running linearly from top to bottom, this tapered course being dimensioned depending on the degree of shrinkage of the cast strand and produced by machining the interior walls. In this manner, it is possible to optimally adjust the diameter of the mold to the shrinkage process of the cast strand in the region of the mold passage, even for large-sized sections.

Abstract: Continuous casting machine for forming a lead alloy strip of large thickness; which comprises a cooled rotating drum (4) having an annular seat (8) formed on the periphery thereof and a vat (10) for containing a molten lead bath, which is sealingly engaged on the peripheral surface (7) of the rotating drum (4). The machine (1) also comprises a fixed shoe (11) extending, from the vat (10), along an arc (25) around the rotating drum (4) and having an arc shape suitable for sealing engagement, in a sliding relationship, on the shoulders (90) of the annular seat (8). Heating means (26) are provided, these consisting of a plurality of torches acting on the shoe (11) along at least an initial section thereof (25) which extends from the vat (10), for heating to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the lead alloy the free surface of the lead inside the annular seat (8).

Abstract: This invention involves in metal solidification and continuous casting field, especially a chamfered narrow side copper plate for mould with funnel-shaped curved surface. The working face of the narrow side copper plate (1) contacting molten steel comprise a middle area (2) and two chamfered areas (3, 4) which are arranged at two sides, and said working face has a funnel-shaped curved surface which is big at top and small at bottom. In present invention, the chamfered narrow side copper plate for mould with funnel-shaped curved surface can ensure the uniformity of the cooling effect of the chamfered surface and enhance the service life of the narrow side copper plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a casting roll of a twin-roll strip caster, including: a nickel plating layer formed on an outer circumferential surface and an end surface of the casting roll; a nickel-boron alloy plating layer formed on the nickel plating layer located on the end surface of the casting roll; and a hard plating layer formed on the nickel plating layer located on the outer circumferential surface of the casting roll and an outer circumferential surface of the nickel-boron alloy plating layer located on the end surface of the casting roll. The present invention improves durability of the casting roll.

Abstract: A continuous casting mold includes mold plates which enclose the casting cross section and in which cooling channels extend. The mold plates are connectable to a water box by screw elements which are formed by fastening bolts having a threaded shank which is screwable into fastening threads located in the mold plate. To achieve a uniform cooling in a continuous casting mold, the fastening threads are arranged such that their center longitudinal axes extend between two adjacent coolant channels of the plurality of cooling channels. The diameter of each threaded bore hole of the fastening threads is greater than the distance between the two adjacent cooling channels, and each bore hole of the fastening threads ends at a distance from the floor of the plurality of cooling channels to define the screw-in depth of the fastening bolts.

Abstract: A casting furnace for manufacturing a metal casting comprises an interior chamber and a secondary chamber through which the metal casting passes from the interior chamber into external atmosphere. A seal along the secondary chamber surrounds and seals against the metal casting to separate the interior chamber from the external atmosphere in a manner which allows for an extended period of continuous casting. A force producing mechanism typically forces the seal against the metal casting. Multiple seals may be used sequentially to increase the duration of the sealing capability and the continuous casting process.

Abstract: In order to be able to carry out a multiplicity of continuously recurring activities at a continuous casting plant having at least one multifunction robot for implementing a plurality of different process-controlled or automated interventions at the continuous casting plant, at least one working region at the continuous casting plant and at least one multifunction robot assigned to each working region. The multifunction robot is arranged on a pivotable arm at a rotary column fastened to the pouring platform of the continuous casting plant and the robot can be pivoted with the pivot arm between a retraction position and a working position. The robot is also movable with respect to its arm.

Abstract: A mold (10) for the continuous casting of metal including a cooled running surface (11) and a guide (12) for molten metal. The guide is made of a refractory material and is disposed upstream of the running surface (11) in the direction of flow. The guide (12) is radially prestressed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a metal, iron-containing permanent mold, in particular a permanent mold made of steel, which can be subjected to a liquid or flowable aluminum material, and in which a coating for protecting the permanent mold and for achieving an optimal casting result can be produced using a mold release agent. The invention additionally concerns a mold release agent for producing such a coating, and a method for producing such a coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a casting nozzle for a horizontal strip casting system, especially for casting steel strip. The casting nozzle is connected to a feed channel and is designed as a rectangular refractory hollow block, the outlet region of which being only slightly above the cooled continuous belt which accommodates the outflowing melt. The hollow block is subdivided at least once in the direction of casting and a narrow sealing element is arranged on the partition side of the segments, the width of the remaining gaps in the partition area being selected as to close when the casting nozzle is operated.

Abstract: A mold for the continuous casting of blooms, slabs or billets is provided with a mold tube (2) and a supporting shell (4) surrounding said mold tube. The mold tube (2) is supported by support profiles (15) on the supporting shell (4) extending in its longitudinal direction and distributed over the periphery and is positively connected thereto via connecting profiles (20) extending in the longitudinal direction. The connecting profiles (20) are respectively configured as profile strips (21, 22) outwardly projecting from the outer periphery of the mold tube (2) and inwardly projecting from the inner periphery of the supporting shell (4), which engage in one another such that in the peripheral direction of the mold a clearance is present. As a result, the stresses, permanent deformation and fatigue cracks produced by the thermal expansion in the mold tube are substantially avoided.

Abstract: A method of making steel comprising assembling a steelmaking furnace, a thin strip caster, and a mold caster, inputting to a computer data on demand for production output, raw materials, furnace availability and capacity, sequence schedules and through-put, capacities and variability, forecasting by processing by computer from the inputted data a production schedule for the steelmaking furnace, and sequence schedules for the thin strip and the mold casters as a function of molten metal availability, the thin strip and mold caster sequence schedules and through-put, and demand for production output, directing production of molten metal alternatively to the delivery systems of the thin strip caster and mold caster responsive to said forecasting, and varying during casting the rate of metal delivery through the delivery system of the thin strip caster responsive to molten metal availability and the mold caster through-put.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mold for the continuous casting of preliminary sections, in particular double T-shaped preliminary sections, such as beam blank sections or similar sections, wherein all the interior walls (7a to 7i) of the mold in the mold passage (8) have a tapered course (9 to 12) running linearly from top to bottom, said tapered course being dimensioned depending on the degree of shrinkage of the cast strand and produced by machining the interior walls (7a to 7i). In this manner, it is possible to optimally adjust the diameter of the mold to the shrinkage process of the cast strand in the region of the mold passage, even for large-sized sections.

Abstract: In order to increase the endurance and lifetime of highly loaded components (6, 8, 12, 14, 24, 26, 34) of a steelworks, an electrolytically applied coating (38) is provided, having a ductile metallic base material (39), in particular nickel or a nickel alloy, with hard material particles (40), in particular boron carbide particles, incorporated in it. This measure achieves high resistance to corrosion, good thermal conductivity and at the same time high mechanical loadability.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled permanent chill mold for the continuous casting of metals, including a permanent chill mold plate (2) made of copper or a copper alloy and an adapter plate (3), on which the permanent chill mold plates (2) are fastened via fastening bolts (12). The permanent chill mold plates (3) are coupled to the adapter plates (3) via sheet metal holders (19) situated in their top regions and base regions (20, 21), in addition to via the fastening bolts (12).

Abstract: A method of making steel comprising assembling a steelmaking furnace, a thin strip caster, and a mold caster, inputting to a computer data on demand and customer requirements for production output, raw materials, furnace availability and capacity, ladle treatment for casting, sequence schedules and through-put, capacities and variability, forecasting by processing by computer from the inputted data a production schedule for the steelmaking furnace and ladle treatment, and sequence schedules for the thin strip and the mold casters as a function of molten metal availability, the thin strip and mold caster sequence schedules and through-put, and demand for production output, directing production of molten metal alternatively to the delivery systems of the thin strip caster and mold caster responsive to said forecasting, and varying during casting the rate of metal delivery through the delivery system of the thin strip caster responsive to molten metal availability and the mold caster through-put.

Abstract: A method for producing steel products (1) with optimum surface quality wherein the molten steel (1b) is produced in a process route (10, 100; 12; 13) that is selected according to a desired final microstructure (9), by melting in a furnace (2b) with an electrode system (31), and in a vacuum degassing system; or by melting in a furnace installation (35) or an individual furnace vessel (30), in a ladle furnace (25), and in a differential-pressure vacuum degassing system (43); or by melting in a furnace (2b) with additions of alloying materials (26), a partial-quantity degassing in the ladle furnace (25), or a vacuum degassing system (27) and a ladle degassing (27).

Abstract: A continuous casting mold having at least one mechanically machined surface that is in contact with molten material during normal use of the mold in order to achieve a uniform distribution of the heat flux over the mold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wall (100) of a casting die for casting a molten metal. Die walls comprising a front plate (110) with a pocket borehole (112) and a rear plate (120) with a transversal borehole (122) aligned with the pocket borehole, on the cold side of the die front plate, are known in prior art. The aim of the invention is prevent the entrance of cooling liquid from the transition region (115), between the front plate (110) and the rear plate (120), into the pocket borehole (112) or the transversal borehole (122). To this end, a sealing element (140) having a longitudinal borehole is arranged in the transition region (115) in such a way that the longitudinal borehole of the sealing element is at least approximately aligned with the transversal borehole (122) in the rear plate of the die and the pocket borehole (112) in the front plate of the die.

Abstract: A method for continuously casting a billet with a small cross section in which a curved type or vertical type continuous casting machine is used while oscillating the mold upward and downward is characterized in that the casting machine is provided with a mechanism for withdrawing speed oscillation. The mechanism has structural play in the directions of driving and reverse driving in such a manner that the amount of a play-incurred displacement from the neutral position of the structural play in the direction of billet driving or reverse driving is ±2 to ±30 mm in the direction of driving on the pinch roll circumferential length equivalent basis. The mechanism produces a returning force toward the neutral position and operational parameters such as the billet length, the specific amount of secondary cooling water, the casting speed as well as the oscillation amplitude and frequency are optimized.