Abstract: A rotor has reduced weight. A hammer drill includes a motor including a stator and a rotor rotatable relative to the stator. The rotor includes a rotor core having a first space, and a permanent magnet fixed on the rotor core.

Abstract: A rotor has reduced weight. A hammer drill includes a motor including a stator and a rotor rotatable relative to the stator. The rotor includes a rotor core having a first space, and a permanent magnet fixed on the rotor core.

Abstract: A piston, particularly a piston for use in a diesel engine, particularly a heavy duty diesel engine, is formed from a billet of metal, such that the finished piston has a mass that is at least 50%, and, more preferably, up to about 62%, of the mass of the billet. Other than finishing steps, the piston is formed with a closed gallery, without loss of mass through machining processes.

Abstract: According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, it provides a method of manufacturing a piston of a pump for brake system, the piston fabricated using a piercing process by press forming to have an inlet path communicating with a suction port through which oil is introduced.

Abstract: A double cup-shaped piston for a disc brake including an electromechanical parking brake device. An aspect of the invention permits an improved compromise between easier operability, rationalized component logistics in piston production, reduced hydraulic volume uptake in cooperation with the wheel brake periphery, and enhanced fatigue strength under maximum collective stress, in particular for heavy-duty applications of a disc brake with an electromechanical parking brake device. The problem is solved by the presence of a piston wall, which is provided, on the one hand, to sit with a free edge on a rear plate of a friction lining, and wherein the piston, on the other hand, includes an integral dome which forms an open receptacle for an actuator arranged diametrically to the edge of the piston.

Abstract: A galleryless piston having a reduced weight and a reduced operating temperature is provided. The piston includes an undercrown surface exposed from an underside of the piston, a ring belt, pin bosses each presenting a pin bore, and skirt panels depending from the ring belt and coupled to the pin bosses by strut. The piston further includes an inner undercrown region extending along the undercrown surface and surrounded by the skirt panels, the struts, and the pin bosses. The piston also includes outer pockets each extending along the undercrown surface and each surrounded by a portion of the ring belt, one of the pin bosses, and the struts coupling the one pin boss to the skirt panels. Cutouts are located in the pin bosses above the pin bores to increase the area of the undercrown surface and thus allow cooling oil to remove more heat from the undercrown surface.

Abstract: A piston including a crown and at least one pin tower coupled to the crown. The pin tower has an opening therein configured to receive a pin therein along a pin axis. The piston further includes a skirt extending generally away from the crown, the skirt including a pair of opposed skirt panel portions. The skirt has a generally non-circular oval shape having a major axis extending generally parallel to the pin axis, wherein the panel portions are offset from the major axis.

Abstract: A brake carrier for a heavy vehicle disc brake includes an actuating side carrier portion including a support for an actuating side brake pad having a first material having a first property. The brake carrier also includes a separate reaction side carrier portion having a support for a reaction side brake pad for securement to the actuating side carrier portion. The actuating side carrier portion includes a first material having a first property, and the reaction side carrier portion includes a second material having a second property, wherein the second property differs from the first property.

Abstract: A sliding component for an internal combustion engine includes: a sliding component main body that includes a plurality of concave portions formed in a predetermined portion thereof; and a coating layer that covers a portion of the sliding component main body, in which the plurality of concave portions are not formed.

Abstract: A method for producing a piston from an upper piston part and a lower piston part. A strip- or plate-shaped semifinished product made of a metal material is provided, from which an annular upper piston part or an annular blank is stamped out, which blank is finished to form an upper piston part, wherein the upper piston part is connected to a lower piston part to form a piston.

Abstract: A method for producing a piston with a cooling duct for an internal combustion engine, wherein a piston blank is provided with a collar protruding beyond the outer diameter of the later formed piston, and is formed on the piston blank by forging, spin-bending or the like. To form the cooling duct, a radially peripheral recess is introduced into the piston blank by forging, spin-bending or the like. In a further method step, a forming operation is performed on the collar, which together with the peripheral recess forms the cooling duct.

Abstract: A steel piston for an internal combustion engine may include a piston crown and a protective layer disposed on the piston crown. The protective layer may include an adhesion layer of Cr or CrN, which is present on a surface of the piston crown. The protective layer may include a functional layer, which is present on the adhesion layer. The functional layer may have at least one of (i) at least one layer (A) of CrN and (ii) at least one layer (B) of CrOn in the form of [(A)/(B)]a, and a may represent 1 to 100.

Abstract: A method for producing an aluminum piston for an internal combustion engine may including providing a piston bowl having a bowl edge and a bowl base; subjecting an area of at least one of the bowl edge and the bowl base to a welding treatment to introduce at least one additional element into a base material of the piston bowl and to produce intermetallic phases in the base material; the welding treatment may introduce at least one of the following additional elements at the specified concentrations, 1-7 wt. percentage of Ni, 1-15 wt. percentage of Cu and 1-5 wt. percentage of Fe.

Abstract: A piston structure for a four-stroke internal combustion engine is provided, enabling an increase in the intake efficiency and a favorable ignitability to improve the performance of the internal combustion engine. In a piston structure for a four-valve four-stroke internal combustion engine, a piston crown includes: an intake-side inclined flat surface formed in a single plane by bottom surfaces of a pair of intake valve recesses and an intake-side common flat surface; and an exhaust-side inclined flat surface formed in a single plane by bottom surfaces of a pair of exhaust valve recesses and an exhaust-side common flat surface. The intake-side inclined flat surface and the exhaust-side inclined flat surface are formed into a pent-roof shape with a ridge line at an intersection therebetween. The exhaust-side inclined flat surface extends into the intake valve recesses, and the ridge line is located on a side of the intake valve recesses.

Abstract: A liquid cooled piston of an internal combustion engine includes a piston lower part and piston upper part which has a combustion chamber recess. These piston components are supported via joining lands which are spaced apart radially and together form a dividing plane, and are joined together with a material-to-material fit. In order to receive piston rings, the piston upper part has a ring area and includes an annular cooling channel which extends into the piston lower part and is connected to an inner cooling space via connecting channels. The cooling channel is adjoined by recesses which are oriented in the direction of a piston head, are configured as a blind hole and widen conically starting from the cooling channel as far as a recess bottom. The recess bottom can be of a pronounced undulating enlarged surface or a finely undulating configuration.

Abstract: A three section steel piston for two-stroke engines is provided. The piston is provided with an upper section, a middle section and a lower section. Piston ring grooves are formed into the upper and lower sections, and pin bosses with openings and skirts are formed into the middle section. The middle section has relatively thinner walls as compared to the portions of the upper and lower sections at the piston ring grooves to reduce the mass of the piston. A closed cooling gallery may be formed adjacent an upper combustion surface of the piston with the cooling gallery being defined at least partially by the upper section.

Abstract: A method for the production of a piston made of steel, for an internal combustion engine, in which the upper piston part is produced using the forging method, and the lower piston part is produced using the forging or casting method, and they are subsequently welded to one another. To simplify the production method and make it cheaper, the upper piston part is forged using the method of hot forming and of cold calibration, to finish it to such an extent that further processing of the combustion bowl and of the upper cooling channel regions can be eliminated.

Abstract: A piston for a free piston engine generator, comprising one or more elements arranged coaxially along a piston shaft wherein the length of the piston is at least five times its maximum diameter, wherein at least one of the elements is formed from a magnetically permeable composite material having isotropic electrical resistivity at least twice that of electrical steel this arrangement providing improved free piston position control, more consistent combustion and improved electrical conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A forging method for producing a piston skirt having two skirt walls and two box walls connecting the skirt walls may include forging, to the piston skirt, the skirt walls at least slightly conically towards the outside of the piston skirt via a first forging die. The box walls may be forged to the piston skirt, wherein each box wall has a hub inside and a hub outside. The box walls may be moulded via a second forging die, wherein the hub outside of each box wall runs at least one of substantially parallel to the piston axis and slightly sloping to an outside of their hub inside towards a free end of the piston skirt to the outside. The skirt walls may be drawn, simultaneously with moulding of the box walls, into a position that is approximately parallel to the piston axis.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine may include a plurality of pin bores for accommodating a piston pin. The pin bores may be transversely oval to a longitudinal axis of the piston. The pin bores may be formed in a circular cylindrical manner at a zenith of ?=0° and at a nadir of ?=180°. The pin bores may be formed in an oval manner with an oil-holding volume at an equator of ?=90° and ?=270°. The pin bores may include a transition between the equator and the zenith and between the equator and the nadir that runs in a continuous and differentiable manner.

Abstract: It is important to maintain the temperature in the ring pack area of the piston of an internal combustion engine below about 270° C. to maintain proper ring function and lubrication. Disclosed is a piston with a heat barrier groove between the piston top and the ring pack and a method to construct such a piston. The heat barrier groove extends inwardly toward the center of the piston a greater distance than the compression ring grooves. In one embodiment, a low thermal conductivity material is placed in the inner portion of the heat barrier groove and a split ring is place in the outer portion. In another embodiment, a gas is provided in the inner portion and the split ring is welded to the piston so that the inner portion of the heat barrier groove is sealed, i.e., welding at the upper and lower edges and at the gap.

Abstract: A drive assembly for a drive assembly or transmission is provided. The drive assembly includes a front cover; a piston plate slidable axially toward and away from the front cover; a connection plate axially between the front cover and the piston plate elastically connecting the front cover and piston plate to each other; and at least one seal along at least one radial end of the piston plate, the connection plate and the piston plate retaining the at least one seal axially therebetween. A method of forming a drive assembly is also provided.

Abstract: A method for the production of a piston for an internal combustion engine, having a piston head, a piston skirt, and a circumferential recess configured between the piston head and the piston skirt. The piston has a piston base body and a piston ring element. The piston base body has at least a crown region of a combustion bowl as well as the piston skirt. The piston ring element has at least a piston crown, a wall region of the combustion bowl, a circumferential top land, and a circumferential ring belt with ring grooves. The piston ring element has a circumferential cooling channel between the wall region of the combustion bowl and the ring belt, closed with a closure element. The piston base body and the piston ring element are connected by a circumferential joining seam in the region of the combustion bowl.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine has a piston head having a piston crown, and a piston skirt, a first part of the piston head being formed by a piston base, and a second part of the piston head being formed by a piston head element, and a peripheral cooling channel being provided in the piston head. At least one heat-conducting element is arranged in the cooling channel and is connected to the piston base and the piston head element via an external seam and an internal seam which extend from the piston crown to the cooling channel. The invention further relates to a method for producing the piston.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid pump using an elastomeric piston. The liquid pump has a piston assembly (10), which comprises: a piston rod (11); a piston head (12); a piston engaging portion (15) which is between the piston rod and the piston head in a necking shape; and a piston (13) made of an elastomeric material and sleeved around the piston engaging portion between the piston rod and piston head. The piston rod and piston head are formed separately and then assembled together. The piston engaging portion (15) is composed of a piston-engaging-portion formation part of at least one of the piston rod and the piston head. The invention also provides a method of manufacturing the piston assembly (10). The invention further provides a piston assembly (10) for a liquid pump. The piston assembly has a piston (13) which is provided with an annular notch (133) formed on the periphery of an upper end of the piston (13) where an annular inner flange (131) is formed.

Abstract: Pin bosses of a piston for an internal combustion engine each have a pin bore for supporting a piston pin. In order to reduce the tangential stresses in the zenith area of the pin bores, and thus to extend the service life of the piston, the inner areas of the pin bores as viewed in the direction of the bore axis have areas on both sides of the zenith that have a greater distance from the bore axis than the zenith of the pin bore, and the outer areas of the pin bores, as viewed in the direction of the bore axis, are transversely oval relative to the piston axis.

Abstract: A cooling device for a motor vehicle engine connected to a cooling fluid feed system, where said cooling device comprises two superposed subassemblies, where the first subassembly comprises a feed body connected to the feed aperture and a tube connected to the feed body, the free end of which forms a first evacuation end, where the tube extends laterally relative to the feed body and is shaped so as to have a desired orientation, where the second subassembly comprises a feed body connected to the feed aperture and a tube connected to the feed body the free end of which forms the second evacuation end, where the tube extends laterally relative to the feed body and is shaped so as to have a desired orientation, and where the feed bodies are securely attached to one another in sealed fashion.

Abstract: A piston for an axial machine includes a piston body having a cavity that is closed in a pressure-tight way. The cavity is divided into a plurality of chambers, arranged one beside the other in cross-section.

Abstract: A piston assembly is disclosed which includes a crown and a skirt. The crown and skirt may cooperate to form a cooling gallery. The crown may include an axial support extending away from the combustion bowl, and radially inner and outer support surfaces that are abutted against corresponding radially inner and outer support surfaces of the skirt. The axial support may have a first diameter and a second diameter larger than the first diameter. The skirt may define an aperture receiving the first diameter of the axial support such that the second diameter of the axial support is supported in the skirt on a side of the aperture opposite the crown. The corresponding radially inner and outer support surfaces of the crown and skirt may each be abutted with a radially inner preload, and a radially outer preload, respectively.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a coated piston ring includes applying a layer of an aluminum-based material to an outside surface of a ring body formed of an iron-based material, such as steel. The layer of an aluminum-based material is applied by thermal spraying. The method further includes an environmentally friendly heat treatment process causing the aluminum-based material to combine with the iron-based material of the ring body and form a wear resistant coating of aluminum iron (Al5Fe2). The heat treatment process can include heating to a temperature of about 550° C. for 20 minutes so that the wear resistant coating achieves a hardness of HV 1000.

Abstract: A piston for a pump a hub portion defining opposing outer portions, and inserts configured to provide an adjustable surface coupled to each of the opposing outer portions. The hub portion includes a first hub portion and a second hub portion configured to abut one another. Each of the inserts includes an outer shell and a base portion. The first hub portion includes a plurality of the opposing outer portions, and each of the base portions of the inserts is adjustably coupled to respective opposing outer portions of the first hub portion. A pump includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet, and at least two pistons having a hub portion and inserts. The pump may be a positive-displacement, rotary pump, and the pistons may be circumferential pistons.

Abstract: Exemplary piston assemblies and methods of making the same are disclosed. An exemplary piston may include a piston body defining a piston axis, the piston body having a skirt and forming a lower surface of a cooling gallery. The body may include radially inner and outer body mating surfaces. The piston may further include a cooling gallery ring cooperating with the piston body to form the cooling gallery. The piston body and cooling gallery ring may be joined together along radially inner and radially outer interface regions to form a generally one-piece piston assembly. In some exemplary approaches, mating surfaces of the body and ring may be positioned adjacent a support surface configured to inhibit or prevent weld spatter formed in a process joining the ring and body from the cooling gallery.

Abstract: A steel piston with an oil gallery, and process for forming a steel piston oil gallery channel, which corresponds to the complex shape of the combustion bowl in the piston crown. The oil gallery channel is first forged to the basic shape that corresponds to the shape of the walls of the combustion bowl. Machine-turning surfaces in the oil gallery channel can be machine-finished as desired. Surfaces in the oil gallery which cannot be machined with conventional turning operations, such as recesses and protrusions into the channel, are left in the original forged condition.

Abstract: A steel piston with an oil gallery, and process for forming a steel piston oil gallery channel, which corresponds to the complex shape of the combustion bowl in the piston crown. The piston crown is made by a cast metal or powder metal forming process. The oil gallery channel is formed to the basic shape that corresponds to the shape of the walls of the combustion bowl. Machine-turning surfaces in the oil gallery channel can be machine-finished as desired. Surfaces in the oil gallery which cannot be machined with conventional turning operations, such as recesses and protrusions into the channel, are left in the original as-formed condition.

Abstract: A method for producing a piston of an internal combustion engine, designed as a one-piece cooling channel piston. The piston includes an upper part and a lower part supported by corresponding circumferential joining bosses together forming a joining zone. In order to produce a bonded joint of the upper part and the lower part, the joining bosses are connected by means of multiorbital friction welding in the region of a rotationally symmetrical or rotationally asymmetrical joining zone.

Abstract: A piston system including a body defining a bore and a piston positioned inside the bore and mounted for reciprocation therein. The piston includes a crown and a skirt extending generally away from the crown, the skirt including a pair of opposed panel portions. The piston further includes a transition portion configured to first engage the body during reciprocation of the piston in the bore. The piston is configured such that additional movement of the piston in the bore after the first engagement causes additional contact between the piston and the body, the additional contact increasing or moving in a circumferential direction about the piston. The piston is configured such that maximum side loading forces from the body to the piston are applied to the piston at one of the panel portions.

Abstract: A method for producing a piston from an upper piston part and a lower piston part. A strip- or plate-shaped semifinished product made of a metal material is provided, from which an annular upper piston part or an annular blank is stamped out, which blank is finished to form an upper piston part, wherein the upper piston part is connected to a lower piston part to form a piston.

Abstract: In a process for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine, a groove is worked into a cast piston blank proceeding from a combustion chamber cavity (20) in a largely radial direction and then closed to form a cooling duct. A cast piston for an internal combustion engine has a closure which is fitted after the casting and the machining between the cooling duct and a combustion chamber cavity (20).

Abstract: A piston for a free piston engine generator, comprising one or more elements arranged coaxially along a piston shaft wherein the length of the piston is at least five times its maximum diameter, wherein at least one of the elements is formed from a magnetically permeable composite material having isotropic electrical resistivity at least twice that of electrical steel this arrangement providing improved free piston position control, more consistent combustion and improved electrical conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine, has a piston crown, two pin bosses, and pin bores introduced into the pin bosses. Respective lubricating grooves are formed in the nadir and equator regions of the pin bores. In order to improve the lubrication of the pins, the lubricating grooves are arranged in the radially inner edge area of the respective pin bore and additionally in a plane lying at an angle to the piston axis, such that the lubricating grooves open into the radial inner faces of the pin bosses, where lubricating oil can enter the lubricating grooves. The lubricating grooves are produced by a lathe tool, the rotational axis of which is tilted relative to the pin bore axis and which is moved in a direction pointing away from the piston crown during the turning.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine comprises a sealed cooling gallery extending circumferentially around a center axis beneath a bowl rim of an upper crown. A metal-containing composition having a high thermal conductivity fills a portion of the sealed cooling gallery to dissipate heat. The metal-containing composition includes a base material having a melting temperature less than 181° C. and a plurality of metal particles having a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal conductivity of the base material. For example, the metal-containing composition can comprise copper particles dispersed in silicone oil, or copper particles dispersed in a mixture of alkali metals. During high temperature operation, as the piston reciprocates in the cylinder bore, the base material is liquid and flows throughout the cooling gallery to dissipate heat away from the upper and lower crowns.

Abstract: A piston assembly is provided. The piston assembly may include: a piston rod; a piston pivotally connected to the piston rod; and a rotatable rod bearing configured to allow the piston rod to pass therethough and rotate along with the piston rod as the piston rod pivots with respect to the piston. A method of making a piston assembly may be provided. The method may include: attaching a piston rod to a piston in a pivoting connection; providing a rotatable bearing for the piston rod; and supporting the piston rod with the rotatable bearing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are new types of hydraulic piston valve actuators wherein the piston is replaceable with different sized pistons. Further disclosed are parts of the piston interchange system resulting in the fewest number of parts changed between one piston diameter and another piston diameter. Methods of changing from one piston diameter to another piston diameter are also disclosed.

Abstract: A steel liner with a case comprising at least 95% martensite, such as substantially 100% martensite, and a core comprising pearlite and discrete ferrite grains decorating former austenite grain boundaries. The ferrite in the liner's core has an average size of less than about 25 ?m.

Abstract: A piston assembly and method of construction thereof for an internal combustion engine are provided. The assembly includes a piston head having an upper combustion wall with an undercrown surface and a ring belt region. The piston head has a floor with an upper surface and a bottom surface. The floor is spaced beneath the upper combustion wall in radial alignment with the ring belt region. A substantially enclosed, annular cooling gallery is bounded by the undercrown surface and the floor. A pair of pin bores depends directly from the floor of the cooling gallery. The assembly further includes a pin having ends configured for oscillating receipt in the pin bores. A pin bearing surface extends within the pin bores and between the pin bores in the lower surface of the floor. The assembly includes a connecting rod with an end fixed to the pin for conjoint oscillation therewith.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a piston body which is made of steel. The piston body has a crown portion with an upper combustion surface, a pair of skirts which depend from the crown surface, a pair of pin bosses for receiving a wrist pin and a plurality of pin boss bridges which extend from the pin bosses to the skirts. Each of the pin boss bridges extends axially to a lower end which is opposite of the crown portion and has a rib with an increased thickness at its lower end. At least one of the pin boss bridges has a generally flat counter-bore surface for providing a reference location for machining of the piston body.

Abstract: A piston assembly of a reciprocating pump includes a core having a throughbore, a first annular shoulder, a first radial surface that extends from an upper end of the core to a first annular shoulder, and an elastomeric element disposed about the core, where the elastomeric element has a body including a semi-supported section having a first outer radial surface.

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine including a piston body (20). The piston body (20) defines a first cooling chamber (46) that is sealed closed and contains a first cooling medium (48) other than air. During operation of the piston, the first cooling medium (48) extracts heat from the surrounding regions of the piston body (20) to cool the piston body (20). The piston body (20) also defines a second cooling chamber (50) adjacent to the first cooling chamber (46). A cooling oil (51) is projected into the second cooling chamber (50) and against the portion of the piston body (20) separating the first and second cooling chambers (46, 50) to extract heat from the first cooling medium (48). The cooling oil (51) is redirected within the second cooling chamber (50) to extract additional heat from the first cooling medium (48) or directly from the piston body (20).

Abstract: A method for the production of a piston for an internal combustion engine, in which a piston blank is forged, which is subsequently separated into two parts, to form an upper piston part and a lower piston part, after which the lower piston part and the upper piston part are machined and then welded to one another. Subsequently, the piston is finished. During forging of the piston blank, the top of the piston blank is partly given the shape of the underside of the upper piston part, and the underside of the piston blank is given the shape that corresponds to the interior of the lower piston part. After forging of the piston blank and before separation of the upper piston part from the lower piston part, the top of the piston blank is given the finished shape of the underside of the upper piston part by a cutting machining method.

Abstract: A method for the production of a piston has the following method steps: (a) providing a blank of a piston base body, having an outer joining surface, an inner joining surface and a circumferential lower cooling channel part that runs between the two joining surfaces, (b) providing a blank of a piston ring element, having an outer joining surface, an inner joining surface and a circumferential upper cooling channel part that runs between the two joining surfaces, (c) forming a circumferential widened region on at least one joining surface, the widened region extending toward the related cooling channel part, (d) connecting the blank of the piston base body with the blank of the piston ring element by way of their joining surfaces, by friction welding, to produce a piston blank, and (e) machining the piston blank further and/or finish-machining it to produce a piston.