Abstract: A method by a communication device for supporting a random access procedure in a wireless communication network. The communication device provides an indicator for indicating a presence of an initial access request by the communication device. The initial access request is part of the random access procedure. The indicator comprises a pre-defined synchronization sequence, wherein one of: the indicator comprises a first access burst extending over one time slot, wherein the first access burst comprises the pre-defined synchronization sequence, which is longer than 41 bits, and the indicator comprises a second access burst extending over two time slots, the second access burst comprising the pre-defined synchronization sequence, which is longer than 88 bits. The communication device transmits the indicator on a random access channel in uplink to a network node. The indicator indicates the presence to the network node of the initial access request.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention discloses a buffer status reporting method, where the method including: triggering, by a terminal, reporting of a padding buffer status report (padding BSR); and determining, by the terminal, a reported BSR format according to a size of padding bits, a size of a first type of BSR format plus its media access control (MAC) subheader, and a quantity of logical channel groups currently having to-be-transmitted data being buffered, where a quantity of logical channel groups corresponding to the BSR format is greater than or equal to 1, and less than or equal to a maximum quantity of logical channel groups currently having to-be-transmitted data being buffered.

Abstract: In one aspect, an example method includes (i) while a media playback device of a vehicle is playing back content received on a first channel, generating, by the media playback device, a query fingerprint using second content received on a second channel; (ii) sending, by the media playback device, the query fingerprint to a server that maintains a reference database containing a plurality of reference fingerprints; (iii) receiving, by the media playback device from the server, identifying information corresponding to a reference fingerprint of the plurality of reference fingerprints that matches the query fingerprint; and (iv) while the media playback device is playing back the first content received on the first channel, providing, by the media playback device for display, at least a portion of the identifying information.

Abstract: A communication system includes a plurality of full duplex transceiver assemblies each having an ON condition and an OFF condition, and configured to be worn by a different user, each of the plurality of full duplex transceiver assemblies having a housing and printed circuit board coupled to the housing, the printed circuit board including a transceiver having a microprocessor. Each microprocessor is configured to emit a different stream of controlling data when the plurality of full duplex transceiver assemblies are in the ON condition, thereby allowing each of the plurality of full duplex transceiver assemblies to communicate among a plurality of different logical channels. Embedded with each different stream of controlling data is a unique identification number for grouping each of the plurality of full duplex transceiver assemblies together.

Abstract: Provided is a transmitter for the wireless transmission of an additional information signal, which is configured to transmit the additional information signal in response to a control signal that corresponds to a transmission time within a guard interval of a wirelessly transmitted primary information signal originating from another transmitter, the transmitter being adapted to wirelessly transmit the additional information signal at the transmission time within the guard interval of the primary information signal. Furthermore, methods for transmitting and receiving and a corresponding receiver and computer program product are the subject of the present disclosure.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node constituting an Ethernet-based vehicle network of a vehicle may comprise waking up by transitioning from a sleep state to a ready state; preventing transmission of network requests to other communication nodes connected to the Ethernet-based vehicle network; and performing update of software. Thus, only a target end node among a plurality of end nodes connected to the Ethernet-based vehicle network can be woken up for update of software so as to reduce power consumption of the vehicle due to the update of software. Also, abnormal operations due to the update of software can be prevented by allowing the update of software to be performed only while the vehicle is not running.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for enabling an immediate response. In this manner, issues can be avoided where data carried by the last symbol of a frame cannot be entirely decoded by a receiver within a deadline for generating an immediate response. One example method for wireless communications by a first apparatus generally includes determining at least one constraint for communicating with a second apparatus; generating a frame that solicits a response; and outputting the frame for transmission to the second apparatus, wherein at least a last symbol of the frame is transmitted in a manner determined by the constraint to allow the second apparatus to transmit the response within a determined period.

Abstract: A method including processing a data frame, the data frame having a predetermined frame size and including at least one data symbol configured to form a plurality of sub-carriers in the frequency domain, wherein each of the at least one data symbol comprises a user data portion and a guard interval portion, wherein each of the at least one data symbol includes a plurality of sub-symbols, and wherein at least one of the following parameters is variable during the processing: a size of the guard interval portion, a size of the user data portion, a size of the at least one data symbol, a number of data symbols the data frame comprises, a content of the guard interval portion, and a configuration of the sub-symbol boundaries.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a first computing device determines a number of data packets available to transmit from the first computing device to a second computing device. The determination is based on an available bandwidth and a payload capacity, and each of the data packets has a payload with the payload capacity. The first computing device determines a plurality of data items to transmit from the first computing device to the second computing device. The first computing device then ranks the data items and selects, based at least in part on the ranking of the data items and the payload capacities of the data packets, one or more particular ones of the data items to transmit from the first computing device to the second computing device in the data packets. The first computing device writes the particular ones of the data items to the payloads of the data packets.

Abstract: An encoding method and apparatus and a decoding method and apparatus are provided. The decoding method includes skipping extension information included in an input bitstream, extracting a three-dimensional (3D) down-mix signal and spatial information from the input bitstream, removing 3D effects from the 3D down-mix signal by performing a 3D rendering operation on the 3D down-mix signal, and generating a multi-channel signal using a down-mix signal obtained by the removal and the spatial information. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently encode multi-channel signals with 3D effects and to adaptively restore and reproduce audio signals with optimum sound quality according to the characteristics of an audio reproduction environment.

Abstract: In one embodiment, method of wrapping photonic packets includes receiving, by a node, a first packet and receiving, by the node, a second packet. The method also includes concatenating the first packet and the second packet to produce a concatenated frame, where concatenating the first packet and the second packet includes removing an inter-packet-gap (IPG) between the first packet and the second packet and converting the concatenated frame to a photonic frame, where the concatenated frame is an electrical frame.

Abstract: A first stream of audio data is received a into a data store. Excess pauses are identified in the audio data. A second stream of audio data is transmitted from the data store comprising the first stream of audio data with the excess pause removed, the second stream of audio data transmitted after a delay that is approximately equal to but no less than the duration of the removed excess pause.

Abstract: A first stream of audio data is received a into a data store. Excess pauses are identified in the audio data. A second stream of audio data is transmitted from the data store comprising the first stream of audio data with the excess pause removed, the second stream of audio data transmitted after a delay that is approximately equal to but no less than the duration of the removed excess pause.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing gaps in data transmission between a device and at least one wireless access point connecting the first device to a central monitoring system. The device includes a radio that enables bidirectional data communication between the device and the at least one wireless access point, the radio being able to operate in a power save mode and an active transmission mode. A control processor selectively monitors a type and amount of data being transmitted between the radio and the at least one wireless access point to predict an occurrence of a gap in data transmission between the device and the at least one access point.

Abstract: A digital broadcast transmitter to transmit a plurality of supplementary data streams is provided, including a multiplexer (MUX) unit which generates a transmission stream by inserting the plurality of supplementary data streams into a normal data stream so that the plurality of supplementary data streams are continuously arranged in an alternating pattern in the normal data stream, and an exciter unit which processes the transmission stream so that the plurality of supplementary data streams are distinguishably arranged in a plurality of areas forming a plurality of transmission units.

Abstract: A method for communication includes transmitting a data packet from a first port to a second port over a communication link. After transmission of a first portion of the data packet, the transmission is temporarily suspended, a flow-control message is sent from the first port to the second port over the communication link while the transmission is temporarily suspended, and then the transmission is resumed so as to transmit a second portion of the data packet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and devices for allowing a communication terminal to configure a measurement gap pattern on a downlink carrier frequency for measurement on a target carrier frequency by said communication terminal, the communication terminal being capable of performing measurements on at least two downlink carrier frequencies without measurement gap, the method comprising: obtaining an indication that there is a need for the measurement gap pattern, for performing the measurement on the target carrier frequency; retrieving information about how to configure the measurement gap pattern; and determining, based on the retrieved information, the downlink carrier frequency on which the measurement gap pattern is to be configured.

Abstract: A method includes generating a first coded data stream and a second coded data stream both representing the same content, the first coded data stream and the second coded data stream being independently decodable from each other, transmitting portions of the first coded data stream in first and second time-sliced bursts, and transmitting a portion of the second coded data stream in a third time-sliced burst, where the transmission of the portions of the first and second coded data streams do not overlap with each other, and occur subsequently to each other in transmission order and substantially without delay between transmission of data.

Abstract: A first multiplexer, at each given cycle, outputs a second input data signal, after outputting a first input data signal. A second multiplexer, at each given cycle, outputs a fourth input data signal, after outputting a third input data signal. The second multiplexer outputs the third input data signal at a timing that coincides with the timing at which the second input data signal is output from the first multiplexer. At each given cycle, a third multiplexer, after outputting the first input data signal and the second input data signal output from the first multiplexer, outputs the third input data signal and the fourth input data signal output from the second multiplexer.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for transmitting additional data in a digital terrestrial broadcasting system are provided. The apparatus includes: a main signal generating unit channel-coding main data and converting the main data into a main signal; an additional signal generating unit channel-coding additional data and converting the additional data into an additional signal; a mixed signal generating unit generating a mixed signal by coupling the main signal and the additional signal to each other; and a mixed signal transmitting unit modulating the mixed signal and transmitting the modulated mixed signal to a receiver through a transmission antenna, wherein the additional data is additional data requested by a specific user possessing the receiver and the specific user provides information on an additional data transmitter.

Abstract: A method of handling measurement capability for a network in a wireless communication system comprising a mobile device capable of communicating with the network through a maximum number of component carriers, the method includes receiving a capability information message indicating a component carrier capability, from the mobile device, and determining whether to configure a measurement gap to at least one of the component carriers, according to the component carrier capability and a first number of component carriers that have been configured to the mobile device.

Abstract: Customizable, multimedia messaging over a subscriber television system utilizing a service independent framework is provided. A multimedia messaging (MMM) server is generally located at a headend of a cable or satellite system, and an MMM client at a communications terminal located remotely with respect to the MMM server. A service provider or operator defines a message configuration to present the message content to subscribers. The message configuration includes parameters that control the presentation of the message content. The MMM server receives an MMM request from a service application, and generates an MMM request which is sent to the communications terminal, particularly, to the MMM client. The MMM client processes the MMM request, including retrieving message content and/or message configuration. The MMM client presents the message to the subscriber. Since the MMM server and MMM client are platform independent, different services may send uniquely generated and designed messages for presentation.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for performing communication using a half-frequency division duplex (H-FDD) frame structure in a mobile communication system. A user equipment for performing communication using an H-FDD frame structure according to the present invention comprises an RF unit in which each user equipment group receives and transmits signals using the H-FDD frame structure wherein the order of the downlink zone and uplink zone are reversely allocated to each of the groups. The downlink zone and uplink zone, which are allocated to each of the user equipment groups in the H-FDD frame structure, include a sub-frame wherein one or more symbols are allocated to idle time slots or are punctured. Each of the user equipment groups can receive and transmit signals using symbols that are not allocated to the idle time slots or are not punctured in the sub-frame.

Abstract: A dual transmission stream generating device includes an adaptor to receive a normal stream and to generate an adaptation field in an area of a packet of the normal stream; and a stuffer to generate a packet for a dual transmission stream by stuffing a turbo stream into the adaptation field. Accordingly, the turbo stream and the normal stream can be transmitted efficiently by the generation of the dual transmission stream in various constructions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method, apparatus, and system for increasing data rates and improving robustness in a wireless communication system. The method comprises identifying a set of guard tones for wireless Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals, encoding data for OFDM transmission, identifying a preferred puncture pattern to puncture the encoded data, puncturing the encoded data with the preferred puncture pattern, and transmitting the punctured encoded data, wherein a portion of the punctured encoded data is transmitted on a portion of the set of guard tones.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allocating resources using a directional beam in a wireless communication network is provided. A coordinator device calculates the number of flows able to be concurrently transmitted with each flow that is generated between the nodes and a transmission time of the each flow, and groups together the flows based on the calculation result. In addition, the coordinator device allocates resources to the respective nodes such that the nodes which generate the flows belonging to the same group can transmit the flows concurrently. Thus, the amount of the overall concurrent transmission can be maximized.

Abstract: A method of transmitting speech data to a remote device in a distributed speech recognition system, includes the steps of: dividing an input speech signal into frames; calculating, for each frame, a voice activity value representative of the presence of speech activity in the frame; grouping the frames into multiframes, each multiframe including a predetermined number of frames; calculating, for each multiframe, a voice activity marker representative of the number of frames in the multiframe representing speech activity; and selectively transmitting, on the basis of the voice activity marker associated with each multiframe, the multiframes to the remote device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting digital broadcast signal are provided. The apparatus includes a group formatter to format a data group including mobile service data, where the group formatter further maps the mobile service data into a data group of interleaved format, adds N training sequences into a corresponding location of the data group of interleaved format, adds signaling data into the data group of interleaved format, inserts place holder bytes for MPEG header and non-systematic Reed-Solomon (RS) parity into the data group of interleaved format, and deinterleaves the mobile service data in the data group of interleaved format, a non-systematic RS encoder to non-systematic RS encode the mobile service data in the formatted data group and insert non-systematic RS parity obtained from the non-systematic RS encoding into the formatted data group.

Abstract: A system for assessing a voice communication quality of a communication path between first and second nodes over a network, wherein coded data of voice communication signals are transferred in a stream of packets via the communication path, including: a capturing unit for capturing at the first node at least one packet containing coded data representing non voice signals among the packets of the coded data to be transferred from the first node to the second node; a replacing unit for replacing a part of the coded data representing non voice signals in the captured packet with a predetermined code before the captured packet is transferred from the first node; a retrieval unit for retrieving at the second node said at least one packet containing coded data representing non voice signals; and an assessment unit for assessing the voice communication quality of the communication path.

Abstract: A special rendering mode for the first few seconds of play out of multimedia data minimizes the delay caused by pre-buffering of data packets in multimedia streaming applications. Instead of pre-buffering all incoming data packets until a certain threshold is reached, the streaming application starts playing out some of the data packets immediately after the arrival of the first data packet. Immediate play out of the first data packet, for example, results in minimum delay between channel selection and perception, thereby allowing a user to quickly scan through all available channels to quickly get a notion of the content. The immediate play out is done at a reduced speed.

Abstract: A method and system for processing buffer status reports (BSRs) such that when BSR triggering is performed, the size(s) of the necessary sub-header(s) are also to be considered together in addition to the BSR size. The steps of checking whether any padding region is available in a MAC PDU that was constructed, comparing the number of padding bits with the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, and if the number of padding bits is larger than the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, triggering BSR are performed. Doing so allows the sub-header(s) to be inserted or included into the MAC PDU or transport block (TB) or other type of data unit.

Abstract: An intelligent network interface card (INIC) or communication processing device (CPD) works with a host computer for data communication. The device provides a fast-path that avoids protocol processing for most messages, greatly accelerating data transfer and offloading time-intensive processing tasks from the host CPU. The host retains a fallback processing capability for messages that do not fit fast-path criteria, with the device providing assistance such as validation even for slow-path messages, and messages being selected for either fast-path or slow-path processing. A context for a connection is defined that allows the device to move data, free of headers, directly to or from a destination or source in the host. The context can be passed back to the host for message processing by the host. The device contains specialized hardware circuits that are much faster at their specific tasks than a general purpose CPU.

Abstract: Method for transmitting through a bidirectional communication channel at least one conventional frame (CVFR) split into time slots SLI (for j=1 to L) separated from each other by guard intervals G, each time slot SLI being allocated either to a first or to a second direction of communication uplink (UL) or downlink (DL) offered by the bidirectional communication channel. The method according to the invention includes: detecting at least two successive time slots SLj, SLm+1, SLj+2 allocated to a same direction of communication DL, and inserting data in the guard interval separating such successive time slots SLj, SLj+1, SLj+2.

Abstract: A system and method for providing faster tuning into a chosen program in a time-sliced multicast and/or broadcast transmission environment. Multimedia data of the same source material but of different transmission and presentation characteristics are coded and compressed. According to various embodiments, simulcast streams of a program are time-sliced, placed maximally apart from each other in terms of transmission time, and sent over the channel.

Abstract: This document describes tools useful in relaying a data stream from a data device to a network tunnel, such as by injecting in-band control messages without impacting a data rate. For example, the tools may receive data packets on a first link and then relay the data packets to a data device on a second link. While doing so, the tools may periodically free an amount of link time by reducing the length of the relayed data packets by reducing the length of a header of each data packet. The tools may then consume the freed link time by sending a control message on the second link to the data device.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method and an arrangement for priority handling between a measurement gap procedure and an uplink data transmission procedure in an evolved UTRAN. The user equipment (UE) detects an active measurement gap. When the UE receives data into the transmission buffer the received data triggers an uplink data transmission procedure such as a scheduling request procedure or a random access procedure. An evaluation on characteristics information associated with the received data is performed and based on the performed evaluation the UE proceeds with the uplink data transmission procedure or the measurement gap procedure. In case the characteristics information associated with the received data is of high priority, the UE proceeds with the uplink data transmission procedure and cancels the measurement gap procedure.

Abstract: A voice-over-IP (VoIP) connection is established over a radio interface with a mobile radio station. A current radio condition for the VoIP connection is determined, and from that, a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) for a portion of the VoIP connection. A VoIP voice encoding mode for a portion of the VoIP connection is selected based on the determined modulation coding scheme. VoIP voice is then encoded into a number of VoIP encoded frames using the selected VoIP voice encoding mode which has an associated bit rate. An optimal number of VoIP encoded frames is included in a VoIP packet for transport over the VoIP connection given the selected voice encoding mode and the selected MCS. Other adjustments may be made to ensure robustness of the VoIP connection and/or to maximize capacity.

Abstract: A relay for use in telecommunications equipment, said relay comprising: a receiver (R) adapted to receive an information stream consisting of information cells, some of which can be empty, a mixer (M) adapted to detect the empty cells and replace them with waiting cells, and a transmitter (E) adapted to transmit the cells to a receiver, which relay is characterized in that it further comprises a stream analyzer (A) for determining if an information stream is a real-time information stream or a differed-time information stream and for storing differed-time stream cells in a mass memory (MM), and in that said mixer is adapted to choose said waiting cells from among the cells stored in said mass memory.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for communicating data over a voice channel of a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving a first periodic data signal and modulating the first periodic data signal to produce a second periodic data signal. Modulating the first periodic data signal includes inserting a predetermined silence period into the first periodic data signal at timed intervals to produce the second periodic data signal. The method further includes communicating the second periodic data signal over the voice channel of the wireless communication system. The method of modulating the first periodic data signal may include receiving a control signal that includes parameters for a length of the predetermined silence period and timing of the intervals, modulating the first periodic data signal responsive to the received control signal, and producing the second periodic data signal.

Abstract: A system for transmitting data from two or more data streams on a communication channel between two or more devices. Roughly described, the data from each data stream is transmitted on the channel in the form of data packets, at least one data packet of one or more of the data streams being transmitted in between the data packets of the other data streams. The system is characterized in that the system comprises means to generate or process data packets for at least one of the data streams for transmission, the generated or processed data packets having a size below a certain value. Collisions between data packets of different data streams are thereby reduced.

Abstract: A method and system for processing buffer status reports (BSRs) such that when BSR triggering is performed, the size(s) of the necessary sub-header(s) are also to be considered together in addition to the BSR size. The steps of checking whether any padding region is available in a MAC PDU that was constructed, comparing the number of padding bits with the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, and if the number of padding bits is larger than the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, triggering BSR are performed. Doing so allows the sub-header(s) to be inserted or included into the MAC PDU or transport block (TB) or other type of data unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gap support measuring method which performs autonomous gap allocation without lowering the data transfer rate or the throughput. ST301 acquires various kinds of parameters decided by a network so as to execute a gap support measurement task. ST302 checks the current time and starts the gap support measurement task when the current time has become Ts. ST303 judges whether CQI measured by a terminal is lower than a threshold value. ST304 judges whether the threshold value should be updated. ST306 decides the gap length according to the remaining gap length and the remaining time and performs measurement within the gap. ST307 judges whether the measurement is complete. ST308 checks whether the total of the gaps exceed the entire gap length Tg.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to techniques for video packet shaping for video telephony (VT). The techniques can be used to prioritize audio packets to reduce audio delay. Channel conditions, excessive video content, or both can cause delays in audio transmission. When reverse link (RL) throughput is reduced, video packet size can overwhelm the RL and increase audio delay. The video packet may consume an excessive number of MAC RLP packets, resulting in delays between successive audio packets. The size of each video packet is adjusted so that audio packets are prioritized for transmission without substantial delay. The video packet size may be controlled based on channel conditions. The audio can be conveyed without substantial delay, even though the video may suffer from delay due to channel conditions. Although video may be compromised by channel conditions, video packet shaping ensures that the VT parties are able to smoothly carry on verbal conversation.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for inserting programs into broadcasted primary programs by a conditional access (CA) module that is inserted into a host device, such as a digital-ready television. The CA module utilizes primary and secondary program map tables and/or primary and secondary packet identifiers. A splicer splices the secondary packet identifiers, which is associated with a secondary program, into the primary packet identifiers, which is associated with a program, such as a broadcasted program. Additionally, the CA module may contain memory that is capable of storing the secondary program's packet identifiers and/or program map table that can be used for insertion into the primary program.

Abstract: A digital broadcasting receiver and a stream processing method are provided. The digital broadcasting receiver includes a demodulator which demodulates a received transmission stream and an equalizer which equalizes the transmission stream, wherein the transmission stream includes at least one field which includes additional data stream packets and normal data stream packets, wherein the transmission stream is constituted such that at least a portion of packet data of the additional data stream packets is included in an area disposed in each packet of at least one of the normal data stream packets, and wherein the additional data stream packets are inserted into the area after being encoded and interleaved.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for constructing a data unit that includes a buffer status report (BSR) such that when BSR triggering is performed, the size(s) of the necessary sub-header(s) are also to be considered together in addition to the BSR size. There is a checking unit that checks whether any padding region is available in a MAC PDU that was constructed, a comparing unit that compares the number of padding bits with the size of a buffer status report (BSR) plus its sub-header, and a processing unit that cooperates with the checking unit and the comparing unit to trigger a buffer status report (BSR) procedure if the number of padding bits is larger than the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, including the BSR and its sub-header in the MAC PDU, and setting an LCID in the sub-header to indicate a BSR is included, the BSR having been triggered due to padding. Using such apparatus allows the sub-header(s) to be inserted (included) into the MAC PDU (or transport block (TB) or other data unit).

Abstract: A terminal communicates with a first wireless network and obtains a list of cells in a second wireless network to measure. The terminal operates in a compressed mode and receives multiple transmission gap pattern sequences for different measurement purposes, e.g., RSSI measurements, BSIC identification, and BSIC re-confirmation. The terminal utilizes each transmission gap for its designated purpose or an alternate purpose. For each transmission gap, the designated purpose for the transmission gap is ascertained, and whether the transmission gap is usable for an alternate purpose is also determined based on at least one criterion. The transmission gap is used for the alternate purpose if the at least one criterion is satisfied and is used for the designated purpose otherwise. For example, a transmission gap designated for RSSI measurement may be used for BSIC identification, a transmission gap designed for BSIC identification or BSIC re-confirmation may be used for RSSI measurement, and so on.

Abstract: A digital broadcast transmitting/receiving system and a method for processing data are disclosed. The method for processing data may enhance the receiving performance of the receiving system by performing additional coding and multiplexing processes on the traffic information data and transmitting the processed data. Thus, robustness is provided to the traffic information data, thereby enabling the data to respond strongly against the channel environment which is always under constant and vast change.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for constructing a data unit that includes a buffer status report (BSR) such that when BSR triggering is performed, the size(s) of the necessary sub-header(s) are also to be considered together in addition to the BSR size. There is a checking unit that checks whether any padding region is available in a MAC PDU that was constructed, a comparing unit that compares the number of padding bits with the size of a buffer status report (BSR) plus its sub-header, and a processing unit that cooperates with the checking unit and the comparing unit to trigger a buffer status report (BSR) procedure if the number of padding bits is larger than the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, including the BSR and its sub-header in the MAC PDU, and setting an LCID in the sub-header to indicate a BSR is included, the BSR having been triggered due to padding. Using such apparatus allows the sub-header(s) to be inserted (included) into the MAC PDU (or transport block (TB) or other data unit).

Abstract: Communications from a transmission side to a reception side neither changing the format of voice code data nor requiring another transmission path or increasing the transmission quantity of control information are controlled utilizing information obtained on the reception side. A system includes a first communication equipment provided with a control information embedding unit for embedding control information that is used for a control of communications from a communication partner to the own communication equipment and that is obtained on the own communication equipment side in the communication data to be transmitted to the communication partner side and a second communication equipment provided with a communication control unit for controlling communications to the first communication equipment side using control information transmitted from the first communication equipment.