Abstract: In a transmission system with a transmitter (4) coupled to a receiver (6) a main signal (SPEECH INPUT) encoded according to a coding property is transmitted together with an auxiliary signal (AUX).

Abstract: A method and system for improving the passage of silent or unused status of Ds0 channel to a data switch with a Ds0 switching capacity. The method allows the Ds0 channel source to be the only equipment that must engage a digital signal processor to remove silent and unused Ds0 channels from a Ds0 channel carrying data packet. The method provides for the Ds0 channel source, the intermediate nodes (data switches with Ds0 switching matrixes included) and Ds0 channel destination to recognize a simple and efficient means of passing suppression status of a Ds0 channel through the entire network.

Abstract: Methods for broadcasting a music channel and reproducing the broadcasting in a digital broadcasting system are provided. The method for broadcasting a music channel in which lyrics corresponding to the music data determined by a broadcaster is recorded in the Extended Text Table (ETT) of the Program and System Information Protocol (PSIP), and audio data and ETT are multiplexed and transmitted in a single program stream. When a broadcasting channel is selected by a user, the received broadcasting signals are analyzed at the receiving side. If video data does not exist in the signals, the channel is regarded as a music broadcasting channel and lyrics recorded in the ETT are displayed on a screen while reproducing the audio data.

Abstract: During allocation of time slots of a UMTS frame to a terminal, the UMTS network provides a continuous gap having a duration at least equal to 5 ms in a UMTS frame to enable the receiver of the terminal to measure the power of any GSM signals received and to prepare for possible handover by pre-synchronizing to an adjoining GSM cell.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and computer program product for replacing a lost packet in a sequence of packets, where each packet including samples of a signal, preferably a voice signal. The method includes the steps of generating a fill packet, selecting from a packet that is adjacent to the lost packet a portion that is adjacent to the lost packet, selecting from the fill packet a portion that is adjacent to the adjacent packet, and replacing the selected portion of the fill packet with a weighted average of the selected portion of the fill packet and a reflection of the selected portion of the adjacent packet.

Abstract: Provided is a system, method, and computer program for transmitting, across a mobile communication network, the occurrence of silence in a communication channel. The system generally comprises a first Media Gateway (MGW), which could be a transmission control node (first TCN), for executing a silence transmission algorithm, and a second MGW, such as a second transmission control node (second TCN), for executing a comfort noise generating algorithm. One method detects silence in a communications channel and then transmits a network silence indicator (SID). Another method receives the network SID and then produces a comfort noise. The computer program utilizes a query module for detecting a comfort noise production module in a destination MGW, and a network SID transmission module to send a network SID across a PLMN.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transport encoding asset data and content data, multiplexing the transport encoded content data with a plurality of NULL transport packets to provide “place holder” for the asset data transport packets, and replacing the NULL transport packets with asset data transport packets prior to transmitting the multiplexed transport stream to a set top box.

Abstract: In a transmission system with a transmitter coupled to a receiver a main signal encoded according to a coding property is transmitted together with an auxiliary signal (AUX). In order to transmit the auxiliary signal without needing additional space in the transmission frame, the auxiliary signal is transmitted by changing the coding property according to a predetermined sequence. This is done by means of the sequencer. In the receiver, the decoding of the predetermined sequence is performed by a decoder.

Abstract: An optical packet exchange apparatus and an optical switch in which search for a connection pattern between an input unit devoid of a packet to be transmitted and an output unit devoid of a packet to be received is reduced to enable fast switch control even in cases wherein the number of channels of the exchange apparatus is increased or network speed is higher. A plurality of input units, a plurality of output units and an optical switch are provided. Each input unit includes an input buffer unit, a parallel/serial conversion unit, an electrical/optical conversion unit, and a dummy packet insertion unit for sending a dummy packet if there is no packet to be transmitted. Each output unit includes an exchange counterpart contention resolution unit for controlling the exchange counterpart, an optical/electrical conversion unit, a serial/parallel conversion unit, and a packet eliminating unit. The exchange counterpart contention resolution unit controls the packet eliminating unit to eliminate a dummy packet.

Abstract: In a CDMA based wireless digital communications system, a CDMA communications station. A CDMA communications station includes a signal encoder adapted to encode signaling information into a signaling packet. A voice encoder is also included to encode voice information at a variable data rate and process the voice information into a voice packet. A multiplexer is coupled to receive the voice packet from the voice encoder and coupled to receive the signaling packet from the signal encoder. The multiplexer combines the voice packet and the signaling packet into a traffic frame. A transmitter is coupled to the multiplexer for transmitting the traffic frame as received from the multiplexer. The multiplexer is further coupled to receive an early data rate indication from the voice encoder such that the multiplexer is able to preconfigure the traffic frame for the variable data rate voice packet to be delivered once the processing of the voice encoder is complete.

Abstract: In a CDMA based wireless digital communications system, a CDMA communications station. The CDMA communications station includes a signal encoder adapted to encode signaling information into a series of signaling packets, wherein the signal encoder process the signal information into variable size signaling packets in accordance with an amount of the signaling information. A voice encoder is included in the station and is adapted to encode voice information and process the voice information into a series of voice packets, wherein the voice encoder processes the voice information into variable size voice packets in accordance with an amount of the voice information. A multiplexer is included in the station wherein the multiplexer is coupled to receive the voice packets and coupled to receive the signaling packets and for combining the voice packets and the signaling packets into a traffic frame. A transmitter is coupled to the multiplexer for transmitting the traffic frame as received from the multiplexer.

Abstract: A packet communication system capable of realizing a system having superior impartiality of throughput between flows without degradation of switch characteristics is provided. Shaping weight calculating portions 13-1 to 13-n calculate rates by using feedback type rate control system. In-padding information inserting portions 11-1 to 11-n input information required between IF portions 1-1 to 1-n to padding portions. In-padding information extracting portions 15-1 to 15-n extract necessary information received from a switch portion 2. Internal communication packet producing portions 12-1 to 12-n produce internal packets for transmitting information when there is no padding occurred. Internal communication packet extracting portions 14-1 to 14-n extract information from the internal packets.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for transmitting a dedicated physical data channel signal over a dedicated physical data channel in the absence of transmission data to be transmitted over the dedicated physical data channel in order to properly maintain a target SIR (Signal-to-Interference Ratio) when there exists new transmission data after the absence of the transmission data in a CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) mobile communication system. The method comprises generating a dummy bit generation request signal in the absence of the transmission data; and upon receipt of the dummy bit generation request signal, generating a dummy bit stream, and transmitting a dedicated physical data channel signal created by attaching the CRC bit stream to the dummy bit stream.

Abstract: A time division multiple access (TDMA) communications system (20) includes a first TDMA platform (22) for transmitting a call (32) over a circuit switched communication link (36) to a second TDMA platform (24). The call (32) exhibits a first signal type (84) and second signal type (86). A controller (42) establishes a capacity allocation (200) responsive to the first signal type (84) for the communication link (36). When the call (32) exhibits the first signal type (84), the first TDMA platform (22) transmits first packets (111) of the call (32) in a first packet format (113) using the capacity allocation (200), and when the call (32) exhibits the second signal type (86), the first TDMA platform (22) transmits second packets (140) of the call (32) in a second packet format (139) using the capacity allocation (200).

Abstract: The device for data transmission has a main station (3) and a number of terminals (1) and is provided with a device for coordinating operation in respective signaling data phases for downlink (42) and uplink (52) and corresponding useful signal data phases (41, 51). Each transmission frame (5) has a first data field (4211) that is fixed in length and is for required, time-critical, data and at least one other data field (4212) which is flexible in length and for only sporadically required data using various information elements (6), such as announcements of frequency changes, status information, additions to manufacture-specific information, warnings and/or information regarding the capabilities of the main station.

Abstract: An optical packet switch uses electric circuits to implement input and output sections of an optical switch that performs packet switching. Retiming of packet data in the output section is facilitated to reduce the scale of the circuitry. In the input section a packet-data signal and a clock signal for retiming the packet data are wavelength multiplexed by a wavelength multiplexer and transferred over the same optical waveguide of the optical switch. In the output section the packet-data signal and the clock signal, which have been transferred from the same optical waveguide in the packet switch, are demultiplexed by a wavelength demultiplexer, and retiming of the packet-data signal is performed by an intra-device frame terminating unit.

Abstract: A receiving apparatus includes an information receiving portion for receiving images, speech, text, data and the like, an additional information receiving portion for receiving additional information comprising a next key word indicating the contents of information scheduled for the next transmission, a received information synthesizing portion for synthesizing the information received by the information receiving portion and the additional information received by the additional information receiving portion and a display portion for displaying the information synthesized by the received information synthesizing portion. A user can look at the information displayed on the display portion along with the contents of the information scheduled for the next transmission.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an SDH transmission technique. In an SDH transmission system including a plurality of SDH transmission units for multiplex relay and one SDH transmission unit for relay, with a desired network formed by the respective SDH transmission units, the SDH transmission system is provided with a relay section for a communication carried out between the SDH transmission unit and the SDH transmission unit, or between the SDH transmission units, a multiplexing section for a communication carried out between the transmission units, and a network section for a desired communication carried out irrespective of the multiplexing section and the relay section in the above network. It is thereby possible to freely carry out a desired communication in the network irrespective of the relay section and the multiplexing section which are defined in an SDH transmission mode.

Abstract: A communication network uses intermediate nodes to resolve local traffic contention. Intermediate nodes receive upstream signals from end users, derive traffic information signals from the upstream signals, and transmit the traffic information signals to end users. By listening to the traffic information signals from the intermediate node, the end users know whether the upstream transmission channels are idle or busy, or whether a collision has occurred. The intermediate nodes derive and transmit the traffic information signals with or without the assistance of the central office or head end.

Abstract: Before confidential information is transmitted, a radio propagation path environment shared only between a first radio station that is the confidential information transmitting side and a second radio station that is the receiving side is estimated by performing transmission and reception of a signal between the first and second radio stations, and confidential information is transmitted from the first radio station to the second radio station taking this radio propagation path environment into consideration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a data transmission method and a base station system. The method comprises transmitting radio interface information over a bidirectional data link between a base station and a base station controller. The radio interface information comprises signalling information, user information and error control information. The method is characterized in that the radio interface information is compressed to fit into at least one ATM cell by replacing the original error control information of the radio interface information with simple status information. Other information may also be compressed and inserted into the ATM cell. Realization of the method is exemplified in the DECT system. The invention also relates to the necessary means and their protocol stacks.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing bit stuffing operations for transmission signals are described. In an embodiment, a method includes receiving data for a number of channels of a signal. The method also includes recursively processing the data for the number of channels in an order. The processing of a channel of the number of channels includes retrieving a previous state for the channel upon determining that a timeslot for the channel is being processed. The previous state includes a history of values of a depth of a First In First Out (FIFO) for the channel. Moreover, the processing of the channel of the number of channels within the signal includes determining whether to make a bit stuffing decision for the channel upon determining whether the timeslot is associated with a bit stuffing opportunity for the channel. The bit stuffing decision is based on a current value and the history of the values of the depth of the FIFO for the channel.

Abstract: In a communication method, even when the same channel is used to perform another communication based on the time division multiple access, a signal can avoid continuously suffering interference from the other communication. Idle slots (I) which are not used for communication are inserted between frames at random to change the period of time slots (TS0 to TS3) at random and moreover, a transmission signal is transmitted at timing of time slot (TS0) which is assigned to its own station, out of time slots of which the period is changed at random, thereby even when the same channel is used to perform another communication based on the time division multiple access, it is possible to avoid continuous agreement of the transmission timing with the other communication, so that it is possible to prevent continuous reception of communication interference from the other communication.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of inserting sync patterns of different lengths in modulated data, and a recording medium having sync patterns produced by said method. The sector sync and the frame sync pattern to be inserted in modulated data in accordance with the present invention must satisfy the given (d, k) constraints, have distinctive 0's run the modulated channel data can not have, and be as short as it can. In addition, the frame sync pattern is shorter than the sector sync pattern because the frame sync pattern is more frequently inserted than the sector one. Owing to the present sync patterns, the storage capacity reduction of a recording medium due to necessary insertion of sync patterns can be minimized under a given modulation condition.

Abstract: A method of inserting a service channel in frames that are plesiochronous relative to the service channel, the method including the steps of transmitting a block clock between a transmitter and a receiver of the frame, and reserving at the transmitter at least one location in the frames for the purpose of conveying the service channel data.

Abstract: An optical packet exchange apparatus and an optical switch in which search for a connection pattern between an input unit devoid of a packet to be transmitted and an output unit devoid of a packet to be received is reduced to enable fast switch control even in cases wherein the number of channels of the exchange apparatus is increased or network speed is higher. A plurality of input units, a plurality of output units and an optical switch are provided. Each input unit includes an input buffer unit, a parallel/serial conversion unit, an electrical/optical conversion unit, and a dummy packet insertion unit for sending a dummy packet if there is no packet to be transmitted. Each output unit includes an exchange counterpart contention resolution unit for controlling the exchange counterpart, an optical/electrical conversion unit, a serial/parallel conversion unit, and a packet eliminating unit. The exchange counterpart contention resolution unit controls the packet eliminating unit to eliminate a dummy packet.

Abstract: In one disclosed embodiment, data information is stored in a buffer in a transmitter. The data information is transmitted on a shared channel and control information for recovering the associated data information is transmitted on a dedicated channel. The shared and dedicated channels can be, for example, different portions of the frequency band. The control information can include a spreading factor used to spread the data at the transmitter. For example, the spreading factor can be the length of the Walsh function orthogonal coding used to spread the data. The control information is received over the dedicated channel before the associated data information is received over the shared channel. The control information is then used to recover the associated data information. For example, knowing the spreading factor from the control information, the correct Walsh function can be selected to de-spread, i.e. to Walsh de-cover, the data information.

Abstract: A voice packet communications system which objectively evaluates the voice quality in real time. Voice packets received from a network are input into an adjustment circuit. The adjustment circuit evens out the periods of the voice packets, detects the drop-out of voice packets, and inserts substitute packets in the voice packet sequence. Furthermore, the adjustment circuit outputs the number of voice packets that have dropped out, the number of substitute packets that have been inserted, and the number of voice packets that have accumulated inside the circuit, as quality information in each monitoring period. A decoding circuit converts the voice packets adjusted by the adjustment circuit into voice information. A judgement circuit calculates an index that indicates the communications quality of the voice packets from the quality information using a specified calculation formula.

Abstract: A network station receives a principal signal and data. When the principal signal is present or contains information it is transmitted to a receiving station through a communications channel. When the principal signal is absent or does not have a significant information content, the network station transmits the data through the same communications channel in a format such that the data is received and output by a further receiving station.

Abstract: An apparatus (30) and method minimize voice delay by combining comfort noise with subframe insertions to fill gaps in speech and maintain a minimum delay for packets arriving late. When a packet is late, short durations of sound are repetitively inserted until the late packet arrives. When the late packet finally arrives, the durations of future speech pauses are modified so there is no voice degradation.

Abstract: Commands are embedded in data packets of packet characters by inserting at least one command character at an arbitrary place within the data packet among the packet characters. The command characters include at least one distinct differentiation character which is defined to be different from any of the packet characters. The distinct differentiation character allows the command characters to be recognized as command characters rather than packet characters so that the received command may be extracted from the packet characters and the original data packet can be reassembled without the command characters.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of improving serial bus efficiency. Improvement of bus efficiency through the reduction of enforced subaction gaps can be accomplished by attaching an explicit end of subaction (EOS) token to packets that are the last packet of a subaction. The EOS should be selected to be an encoding that is not easily confused with any encoding used for normal data encoding. The presence of the EOS token permits arbitration to begin without waiting for a subaction gap after the EOS token is seen on the bus. Additionally, it permits fly by concatenation with packets containing an EOS token. In some cases multiple concatenations are possible. Because the EOS token is independent of subaction type, this technique expands readily as new subactions are developed. Employing the features overall bus efficiency can be increased.

Abstract: A method for operating a mobile station that includes the steps of, prior to transmitting a burst in a last frame before entering a discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode, generating a message word that indicates that the mobile station is about to enter the DTX mode; using a predetermined generator polynomial to produce an error detection word from the message word; and combining the message word and the error detection word into a DTX Trailer word. The method further includes the steps of convolutionally encoding the DTX Trailer word; interleaving the DTX Trailer word with unused bits of a slot containing a speech or a signalling word; and transmitting the interleaved DTX Trailer word to a base station. In a presently preferred embodiment the message word has a length of eight bits, the error detection word is an eight bit CRC that is appended to the message word to form the DTX Trailer word, and the DTX Trailer word is error protected using a rate ⅛ convolutional encoder.

Abstract: A voice band signal is compression-encoded at a voice compression-encoding portion and is assembled into a cell at a cell assembling portion. Conversely, the voice band signal is disassembled at a cell disassembling portion and is decoded at a voice compression-decoding portion. When, from both of up and down data judging portions, receiving a judgement of coincidence of the voice band signal with a signal at the time when the line is unused, a timer counts a continuation time. When the continuation time exceeds a protection time, a protection time judging portion causes the cell assembling portion to stop the cell transmission. When, from either of the up and down data judging portions, receiving a judgement of no coincidence with the signal at the time when the line is unused, or when the continuation time does not exceed the protection time, the cell assembling portion is directed to transmit the cell.

Abstract: A method for defining measurement gaps and a wireless telecommunications system comprising at least one base station and at least one wireless terminal. In the data transfer between these two, measurement gaps are generated with one of the following measurement gap generation methods: puncturing the data being transmitted, halving the spreading factor, or buffering the data being transmitted onto higher protocol layers. In the method, measurement pattern parameters that set the locations of the gaps used for measurements in the time-slot frames and determine the measurement gap generation method are defined for the terminal and transmitted to the terminal through the base station. A uniform measurement gap is defined for the terminal, which comprises time-slots from two different time-slot frames so that the gaps in different time-slot frames are generated with a different measurement gap generation method.

Abstract: A telephone communication system is implemented to enable data communication and ring signaling to coexist on a subscriber loop. The communication system transmits data during the silence intervals of a ringing cadence and withholds the transmission of data during the occurrence of a ring signal. To ensure the transmission of reliable data, the communications system allows ring signals to occur and retransmits any interrupted data during the silence intervals between the ring signals. In another embodiment, the transmission of reliable data is ensured by delaying the ring signals until the data currently being transmitted is successfully and reliably received. Accordingly, in either embodiment, the reliability of data communication during the occurrence of a ringing cadence is preserved, and, therefore, data communication is allowed to coexist with ring signaling over a subscriber loop.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transmission method and a radio system comprising a base transceiver station acting as a transceiver and subscriber terminals acting as transceivers which establish a connection with each other with a signal transmitted through the base transceiver station, for which connection a radio channel is formed, in which a signal coded by the transceiver is transmitted. The transceiver comprises transmission means which transmit frames when the transceiver is in DTX mode. The radio system comprises measuring means which measure the signal received by the transceiver from the radio channel, and transmission means which during DTX transmit information in frames on the basis of the measurement result obtained from the measuring means, of which frames at least some are freely placed by the transmission means anywhere in the frame structure to be transmitted.

Abstract: A method for transmitting digitized payload data and signalling data over a common channel. The signalling data are multiplexed with the payload data using a suitable coding. The signalling bytes are preceded by at least one header bit, and confusion between the payload data and the header byte is prevented by inverting at least one bit of the payload data byte when a payload data byte corresponding to the header byte occurs.

Abstract: A simplified version of a defined GPRS/EDGE Class A mobile station that incorporates transmission and reception of GPRS/EDGE data during discontinuous transmission and reception modes on a dedicated traffic channel, and that includes a mechanism for streaming GPRS/EDGE data to and from a packet-switched channel, along with optional association of a voice timeslot with one or more GPRS/EDGE data timeslots. GPRS/EDGE packet data and circuit-switched voice data are simultaneously transmitting along a dedicated GSM voice traffic channel by transmitting the GPRS/EDGE packet data between occurrences of circuit-switched voice data and silence descriptor frame data along a dedicated voice traffic channel.

Abstract: A method and system of emulating a T1 link over an ATM network. A T1 line carrying a stream of T1 frames is terminated at a first ATM Data Terminating Equipment (DTE). T1 frames are loaded into ATM cells and sent over an ATM network to a second ATM DTE. The T1 frames are unloaded at the second ATM DTE, and sent to a switch matrix to be de-multiplexed. In one example of T1 emulation, two T1 payloads are inserted in each ATM cell payload. The corresponding T1 frame bits replace the two least significant bits in the VCI field of the ATM cell header. For quasi-fractional T1 emulation, three or four quasi-fractional T1 payloads can be carried in the ATM cell payload. For fractional T1 emulation, multiple fractional T1 payloads are carried in a fractional payload field, and a frame bit field is created in the ATM cell payload to carry the T1 frame bits. The use of a T1 framer at the second DTE is avoided by insuring the T1 frame bit positions are constant over successive ATM cells.

Abstract: In a conventional data transmission and receipt apparatus using PN flags according to PN sequence, there has occurred a flag emulation due to a bit stream similar to a PN flag in a frame of the data stream, which disables transmission of the frame therebetween. To solve the problem, the data transmission and receipt apparatus of the present invention inserts a mark representing that there is laid a bit stream similar to the PN flag into the frame while the data receipt apparatus distinguishes such a bit stream from the PN flag. Thereby, the data receipt apparatus is capable of receiving the frame involving the bit stream similar to the PN flag without occurrence of a flag emulation.

Abstract: A system for intelligent C-plane switching in the digital enhanced cordless telecommunications (DECT) system. The present invention includes a system that enables fast C-plane transmission mode during cordless telephone voice connections within the digital enhanced cordless telecommunications (DECT) system without degrading the voice quality. In order to perform this fast C-plane transmission mode during voice connections, one embodiment of the present invention, located within a cordless telephone handset, utilizes a silence detector circuit to determine the periods of silence within the voice data transmitted through the U-plane. By determining the periods of silence within the U-plane voice data, the present invention is able to direct the control data to be transmitted through the fast C-plane during the periods of silence.

Abstract: Through a memory device and a control circuit on the transmitter side, temporal gaps are inserted into the data stream, said temporal gaps being removed again on the receiving side by an additional memory device. Consequently, the necessary continuous data stream is able to be reproduced for the transmission of the video signals. The gaps in the data stream of the base station and the data and the requests are evaluated by a user-side control circuit, from these, switch-over signals are generated, and the user devices are switched over. The base state switches the station to receive mode in the temporal gaps of the video signals or of the data stream. The present invention is applicable to the transmission of continuous signals using a backward channel via microwaves.

Abstract: A system architecture for a high speed serial bus compatible with the 1394 standard is disclosed. A transaction interface coordinates data packets received from or sent to a 1394 bus. A kernel/scheduler/dispatcher is used to allocate memory resources, and start a variety of tasks and services. The tasks and services vary depending on protocols used in a transport layer and application layer used in conjunction with the 1394 layers. Each task operates according to a state machine progression. The transaction interface accepts data information from the tasks and forms data packets for delivery to the 1394 bus. The data packets are initially sent via an associated hardware register, but if busy, the transaction interface polls for other available registers. In addition, all queued transactions are loaded into registers in the most expedient manner.

Abstract: Transmitting/receiving apparatuses are installed in a base station and a mobile station, respectively, to perform mutual transmission and reception by using a plurality of spreading codes. The transmitting/receiving apparatus installed in the base station has a block for designating to the mobile station the kind and the number of spreading codes used in a reverse link from the mobile station to the base station through a forward link at the time that communication with the mobile station is started. The transmitting/receiving apparatus installed in the mobile station has a block for transmitting a signal to the base station by using spreading codes of the designated kind and number.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are presented for testing the ability of a pair of serial data transceivers to transmit serial data at one frequency and to receive serial data at another frequency. A serial communication device of the present invention includes a first and second serial data transceivers and a multiplexer formed upon a monolithic semiconductor substrate. Each serial data transceiver includes a receiver and a transmitter which transmits serial data in response to a clock signal. The second serial data transceiver is coupled to receive a reference clock signal. The multiplexer facilitates testing, and is coupled to the first serial data transceiver. The multiplexer receives the reference clock signal, a test clock signal, and a test signal, and provides either the reference clock signal or the test clock signal to the first transceiver dependent upon the test signal. The reference and test clock signals have different frequencies.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for compressing and coding audio and/or video data by the MPEG2 system or the like, multiplexing the same, and transmitting the resultant data via a digital line. When generating a transport stream for transmitting a PES packet of the MPEG2 system, the amounts of the compressed video data and the compressed audio data are defined as whole multiples of the amount of the transport packet (188 bytes) of the MPEG2 system, thereby to bring the boundary of the frame cycle of the audio and/or video data and the boundary of the transport packet into coincidence. Where the amount of data is arbitrary, calculation etc. of the offset value which becomes necessary at the scheduling is made unnecessary.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for conveying information over a communication network such as a Digital Loop Carrier network free of in-band signaling information for at least a portion of an established communication between at least two users so as to reduce the information error rate associated with the established communication.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for carrying out synchronous co-division multiple access (SCDMA) communication of multiple channels of digital data over a shared transmission media such as a cable television system coaxial cable, a fiber optic or copper conductor telephone link, terrestial microwave, satellite link, local or wide area network, wireless including cellur network or some combination of these media using suitable interface circuitry. The system includes modems at remote units and a central unit to receive time division multiplexed digital data arranged into timeslots or channels and uses orthogonal codes to encode each channel of multiple data and spread the energy of each channel data over a frame of data transmitted in the code domain. Spreading the data this way makes the system less susceptible to impulse noise.

Abstract: A system for broadcasting audio music and broadcasting lyrics for display and highlighting substantially simultaneously with the occurrence of the lyrics in the accompanying audio music is provided. The system includes a an audio music source that provides a data output and a an analog audio signal output. A computer receives the data output by the music source and generates lyric text data and lyric timing commands. A subcarrier generator generates a subcarrier signal carrying the lyric text data and lyric timing commands. An FM transmitter broadcasts a composite signal that combines the analog output of the music source with the subcarrier signal. A lyric display unit receives the composite signal, separates and decodes the subcarrier signal and displays and highlights lyrics according to the lyric text data and lyric timing commands decoded from the subcarrier signal.