Abstract: In the communication system performing transmission with generating the vacant period in the slotted mode during data transmission in order to perform various process, such as different frequency carrier quality measurement or so forth, the control signal for maintaining a communication quality is inserted even in the vacant period. Therefor, a link quality may not be degraded even if the vacant period is long. Namely, when the pilot signal is used as the control signal, even in the vacant period, measurement of the link quality of the forward link with the pilot signal is performed in the mobile station to report the result of measurement to the base station. Therefore, transmission power control of the forward link can be performed according to the report in the base station. Therefore, degradation of the forward link can be eliminated.

Abstract: An encoding/transmitting apparatus that is used to transmit moving-picture data from a transmitting side to a receiving side through a transmission path and to subject the moving-picture data to streaming in the receiving side has an external-output request determining unit that monitors the state of a network. If the network assumes an undesirable state, the request determining unit causes a multiplex output unit to stop multiplexing data. When the network assumes a desirable state, the multiplex unit starts multiplexing the data again. A video encoding unit and an audio encoding unit keep encoding data, whether the multiplex output unit is multiplexing data or not. When the area occupied by encoded data in an encoded-video-data storage unit and the area occupied by encoded data in an encoded-audio-data storage unit exceed a predetermined value, the encoding units stop encoding data, and wait until the area occupied by encoded data sufficiently decreases.

Abstract: In the communication system performing transmission with generating the vacant period in the slotted mode during data transmission in order to perform various process, such as different frequency carrier quality measurement or so forth, the control signal for maintaining a communication quality is inserted even in the vacant period. Therefore, a link quality may not be degraded even if the vacant period is long. Namely, when the pilot signal is used as the control signal, even in the vacant period, measurement of the link quality of the forward link with the pilot signal is performed in the mobile station to report the result of measurement to the base station. Therefore, transmission power control of the forward link can be performed according to the report in the base station. Therefore, degradation of the forward link can be eliminated.

Abstract: Method for transmitting through a bidirectional communication channel at least one conventional frame (CVFR) split into time slots SLj (for j=1 to L) separated from each other by guard intervals G, each time slot SLj being allocated either to a first or to a second direction of communication uplink (UL) or downlink (DL) offered by the bidirectional communication channel. The method according to the invention includes: detecting at least two successive time slots SLj, SLm+1, SLj+2 allocated to a same direction of communication DL, and inserting data in the guard interval separating such successive time slots SLj, SLj+1, SLj+2.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided which preferably increase reliability of data sensitive to packet loss. According to principles of the invention, a quality of service value may be dynamically assigned to network packets based on the contents of the network packets.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit may be configured to analyze an audio-video data stream to determine watermark appropriate information for the audio-video data stream. The second circuit may be configured to communicate the watermark appropriate information either in-band with or out-of-band from a bit stream communicating the audio-video data.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for constructing a data unit that includes a buffer status report (BSR) such that when BSR triggering is performed, the size(s) of the necessary sub-header(s) are also to be considered together in addition to the BSR size. There is a checking unit that checks whether any padding region is available in a MAC PDU that was constructed, a comparing unit that compares the number of padding bits with the size of a buffer status report (BSR) plus its sub-header, and a processing unit that cooperates with the checking unit and the comparing unit to trigger a buffer status report (BSR) procedure if the number of padding bits is larger than the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, including the BSR and its sub-header in the MAC PDU, and setting an LCID in the sub-header to indicate a BSR is included, the BSR having been triggered due to padding. Using such apparatus allows the sub-header(s) to be inserted (included) into the MAC PDU (or transport block (TB) or other data unit).

Abstract: A system and method for adding auxiliary data DA to an output data stream from a statistical multiplexer is disclosed. An auxiliary multiplexer accepts a statistically multiplexed data stream, and substitutes auxiliary data packets for null data packets. The auxiliary multiplexer controls the number of null packets in the statistically multiplexed data stream by controlling the target bandwidth BT of the statistical multiplexer, or by modifying the statistical multiplexer equation to make the auxiliary data stream a participant in the negotiation process of allocating throughput among the data sources.

Abstract: A system and method for substituting data packets into a data stream, is provided. In one embodiment, the data stream is a video data stream. The system includes packet buffers, a multiplexer, a packet substitution controller, a direct memory access (DMA) engine and a link list buffer controller. A method is also provided for substituting data packets - containing information of the same or different type—into a video data stream at variable rates using a selection mechanism driven by link list buffer control.

Abstract: A method and system for keeping an arbitrated loop open during a frame gap using a fiber channel switch element is provided. The switch element includes a port control module having a receive and transmit segment, wherein the transmit segment activates a timer whose value determines a duration during which the arbitrated loop remains open; determines if a last frame from a sequence of frames from a source port has been transmitted; modifies the timer value if a higher priority frame for transmission is unavailable; and keeps the arbitrated loop open until the timer reaches a certain value. If a higher priority frame is available for transmission before the timer value is modified then the higher priority frame is transmitted and the timer value is re-initialized.

Abstract: A network diagnostic component that is placed in-line between two nodes in a network to reorder or compact a data frame to allow the network diagnostic component to interpret the data frame. The network diagnostic component receives a network data frame from the first node for communication with the second node. The network data frame may include a plurality of data units interspersed with one or more non-data units that interrupt the proximity and flow of the data units. The network diagnostic component then reorders the data frame by removing or moving at least some of the non-data units that are interspersed with the plurality of data units. The reordered network data frame may then be interpreted by other components of the network diagnostic component.

Abstract: A system (104) is provided for filling a SONET SPE (204, 300, 500, 600, 700) with bytes of digital information. The system is comprised of data input ports (1-6) configured to receive payload signals comprised of payload information. The system is also comprised of data processing circuits configured to transfer bytes of payload information in sequence from the payload signals. The data processing circuits are also configured to break the payload information into byte segments. The data processing circuits are further configured to map the byte segments to the SONET SPE in a byte by byte manner. The SONET SPE is comprised of cells. The cells are filled from top to bottom in a manner proceeding row by row, from left to right in each row. A method for filling the SONET SPE with bytes of digital information corresponding to payload signals is also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for simulating a processor of network packets. A specification is input for the processor. The specification includes actions specifying a modification of the network packets by the processor. Each action includes a guard condition that enables and disables the action. First and second values of certain fields are determined for each action. The guard condition enables and disables the action respectively for the first and second values of the fields. The network packets are generated. For each field included in the guard conditions, a value of the field is selected for each generated network packet from the values of the field within the first and second values for the actions. The specification of the processor is translated into a simulator of the processor. The modification of the network packets is simulated in the simulator. A result of the modification is displayed on a user interface.

Abstract: A state machine circuit converts a first network packet into a second network packet according to modification actions from a textual language specification. Each modification action is either an insertion action inserting a data segment or a removal action removing a data segment. Each state corresponds to a pairing of a first data word from the first packet and a second data word from the second packet. Each state selects the data units of the second data word from the data segment of each insertion action and the data units of both the first and a prior data word. Each state specifies one or more next states including the state corresponding to the pairing of either the first or a next data word after the first data word in the first sequence and either the second or a next data word after the second data word in the second sequence.

Abstract: In a transmission system with a transmitter coupled to a receiver a main signal encoded according to a coding property is transmitted together with an auxiliary signal (AUX). In order to transmit the auxiliary signal without needing additional space in the transmission frame, the auxiliary signal is transmitted by changing the coding property according to a predetermined sequence. This is done by means of the sequencer. In the receiver, the decoding of the predetermined sequence is performed by a decoder.

Abstract: A watermark is inserted or overwritten into a packetized voice stream in a VoIP environment to characterize the voice data stream for various functions, such as providing certain in-band audible information or markers for detection. A visual type of marker can be inserted to measure delay for various applications, such as the round trip delay associated with providing directory assistance services, including measuring the delay from providing a prompt to a caller to the their response. The visual marker facilitates use of processes to detect measuring points for measuring delays. Audible markers can be used to provide various types of audible signals, including informational tones to agents, as well as announcements to callers.

Abstract: A method and system for processing buffer status reports (BSRs) such that when BSR triggering is performed, the size(s) of the necessary sub-header(s) are also to be considered together in addition to the BSR size. The steps of checking whether any padding region is available in a MAC PDU that was constructed, comparing the number of padding bits with the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, and if the number of padding bits is larger than the size of the BSR plus its sub-header, triggering BSR are performed. Doing so allows the sub-header(s) to be inserted or included into the MAC PDU or transport block (TB) or other type of data unit.

Abstract: A serial communications architecture for communicating between hosts and data store devices. The Storage Link architecture is specially adapted to support communications between multiple hosts and storage devices via a switching network, such as a storage area network. The Storage Link architecture specifies various communications techniques that can be combined to reduce the overall cost and increase the overall performance of communications. The Storage Link architecture may provide packet ordering based on packet type, dynamic segmentation of packets, asymmetric packet ordering, packet nesting, variable-sized packet headers, and use of out-of-band symbols to transmit control information as described below in more detail. The Storage Link architecture may also specify encoding techniques to optimize transitions and to ensure DC-balance.

Abstract: A network device is deployed in an in-line fashion, preferably at a data traffic point along a network. Depending on the constraints of data packets in a data packet sequence from a website, the network device is configured to modify some of the data packets or fabricate new data packets to embed the selected data in the data packet sequence. By keeping the headers of the data packets substantially identical, changes to a data packet or addition of a new data packet become transparent to users as well as to the website.

Abstract: In the communication system which performs the data communication by the discrete multi-tone modem scheme between a plurality of data communication units using the time-division half-duplex communication function, the ratio between the data transmission time suitable for data communication and the quasi-data transmission time dynamically changes within one period. Further, bits are assigned in such a manner that the data of one period can be transmitted during the data transmission time of that period. Dummy bits are assigned to the portions of the data transmission time to which the data to be transmitted has not been assigned.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for sharing network bandwidth between devices connected to a bus are presented. Each of the devices belongs to one of a number of device classes. Each device class is associated with a respective data transfer rate at which information may be exchanged over the bus. An exemplary method includes the step of assigning a gap interval to each device based on at least the data transfer rate of the class to which the device belongs, the assigned gap interval being inserted between portions of a data stream sent by the corresponding device over the bus. The assigned gap interval may be inserted between portions of a data stream sent by the corresponding device over the bus to achieve the desired data rate resulting in an equitable sharing of bandwidth between the devices connected to the bus.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to apparatus and methodologies for allowing old telephone line capacity to provide near DSL or superior DSL quality telephone connections. A method of handling a telephone call with an associated data package over a telephone system having a power pair of lines and a second pair of communication lines with the steps of: a) determining the types of data desired to create a data group from the group consisting of voice, picture, bio-marker (finger print, retinal scan, etc.), card holder information (credit card number, etc.

Abstract: A GI insertion section 105 inserts a guard interval into transmission data. Delay addition sections 107-1, 107-2 set a delay time in the transmission data. An arrival time calculation section 115 calculates for each directivity an arrival time after data is transmitted from the other party of communication until the data is received from received data of each directivity. A delay time determining section 116 calculates a difference in the arrival time between transmission data transmitted with two directivities and sets the calculated arrival time difference in the transmission data to be transmitted with the directivity corresponding to the smaller arrival time as a delay time. A GI length determining section 117 sets a minimum arrival time of the calculated arrival times as a guard interval. This allows a transmission rate to be improved by shortening the length of a guard interval in a radio communication system to which a system of transmitting an OFDM signal with a directivity is applied.

Abstract: A device for controlling interpacket gaps in a data stream of packets. A receiver to receive the data stream of packets. A controller to monitor the data stream of packets and to selectively delete interpacket gaps. A transmit buffer to buffer packet data in the data stream of packets flowing from the controller.

Abstract: A system and method for substituting data packets into a data stream, is provided. In one embodiment, the data stream is a video data stream. The system includes packet buffers, a multiplexer, a packet substitution controller, a direct memory access (DMA) engine and a link list buffer controller. A method is also provided for substituting data packets—containing information of the same or different type—into a video data stream at variable rates using a selection mechanism driven by link list buffer control.

Abstract: A method and device for scheduling signaling and data packets during Push-to-talk (PTT) sessions. An exemplary embodiment of the invention includes scheduling data packets and signaling packets during a push-to-talk session by detecting periods of silence in the talk-burst, inserting signaling packets between the data packets in the periods of silence in the talk-burst; and transmitting the signaling data packet along with the data packets. In another aspect of the invention, downlink signaling packets are suspended during the push-to-talk session.

Abstract: Methods and systems for automatically correlating signaling message priority and IP priority are disclosed. A priority level of a signaling message may be determined based on a priority parameter in the signaling message or a user based priority. The signaling message is encapsulated in an IP packet. A priority level in the IP packet is set based on the priority level determined for the signaling message.

Abstract: A wireless communication network is disclosed comprising a base station system, a switching system, and a transport network. The transport network comprises a conventional signaling network configured to transport call signaling and a bearer network configured to transport user communications. The bearer network also transports call signaling, as special connections are established and a portion of the capacity of the special connections are reserved for transporting call signaling. In response to receiving call signaling from a mobile wireless device or a packet data network, the base station system or the switching system determines if the call signaling is for a low latency service. If the call signaling is for a low latency service, then the base station system or the switching system forwards the call signaling over the special connection. If not, then the base station system or the switching system transmits the call signaling over the conventional signaling network.

Abstract: Included are embodiments for communicating data using a plurality of formats. At least one embodiment of a method includes transmitting a plurality of first format data frames with a predetermined time period between transmitted first format data frames and determining a duration of the time period between the transmitted first format data frames. Similarly, some embodiments include fragmenting a second format data frame into a plurality of second format subframes such that the second format subframes may be transmitted during the time period between the transmitted first format data frames.

Abstract: A phase conjugation vectoring (PCV) of signals propagating in telephone cables of twisted pairs provides crosstalk free transmission therethrough. The cable is considered a non-uniform physical media, and criteria for phase conjugation of electromagnetic fields are established. Method and system provide PCV for both asymmetric and symmetric transmission.

Abstract: In FDMA communications between two or more primary radios (41, 42; 141, 142), use is made of a quiescent period in the primary communication. The quiescent period is used by secondary radios (43, 44; 143, 144) to communicate with each other. The quiescent period may be a transmit interrupt (TI) frame, normally provided in a DIIS protocol in order to permit return signaling from a called radio (43, 44). The secondary radios (43, 44) may signal to each other during the TI frame. Alternatively, the quiescent period may be a gap in channel activity, in which case regulated access telegrams (96) are transmitted by either a calling primary device (141), or a “last to call” primary device (141), or a base station (141), the regulated access telegrams determining a reservation window period during which secondary devices (143, 144) may signal to one another.

Abstract: In a network including an optical link transporting packet streams of successive optical packets separated by voids, the station includes a transmission device (13) coupled to the link at an insertion point in order to inject optical packets into the link. At a detection point on the link, upstream of the insertion point, a detection device (11) observes the packet streams transported to this detection point. As a function of this observation each packet awaiting transmission and transmitted by the transmission device (13) causes the formation at the insertion point of a downstream packet stream containing the transmitted packet interposed between first and second packets delimiting a void of the upstream stream. The detection device (11) forms a transmission control signal (ACK) such that in the event of transmission as a function of this control signal, any transmitted packet is attached to at least one of the first and second packets.

Abstract: A method and system for keeping an arbitrated loop open during a frame gap using a fiber channel switch element is provided. The switch element includes a port control module having a receive and transmit segment, wherein the transmit segment activates a timer whose value determines a duration during which the arbitrated loop remains open; determines if a last frame from a sequence of frames from a source port has been transmitted; modifies the timer value if a higher priority frame for transmission is unavailable; and keeps the arbitrated loop open until the timer reaches a certain value. If a higher priority frame is available for transmission before the timer value is modified then the higher priority frame is transmitted and the timer value is re-initialized.

Abstract: Techniques are presented herein to provide tandem-free operation between two wireless terminals through two otherwise incompatible wireless networks. Specifically, embodiments provide tandem-free operation between a wireless terminal communicating through a continuous transmission (CTX) wireless channel to a wireless terminal communicating through a discontinuous transmission (DTX) wireless channel. In a first aspect, inactive speech frames are translated between DTX and CTX formats. In a second aspect, each wireless terminal includes an active speech decoder that is compatible with the active speech encoder on the opposite end of the mobile-to-mobile connection.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and apparatus for aggregating Ethernet streams are generally described. According to but one example embodiment, implementations of a physical coding sublayer (PCS) modify one or more Ethernet streams to uniquely distinguish at least one of the Ethernet streams from the other Ethernet streams. Any two or more of the modified Ethernet streams may be interleaved to form an aggregate Ethernet stream. The aggregate Ethernet stream may by transmitted over a serial link.

Abstract: A method and system of sending supplemental information during a telecommunications session includes the step (305) of detecting a period of silence within the telecommunications session. The period of silence can be detected from at least one member of the telecommunications session. Comfort noise can be specified within at least one time slot (205) of a plurality of consecutive time slots (205, 210) for a channel over which the period of silence is detected. For at least one other time slot of the channel (210), non-voice data is specified such that the channel includes both comfort noise and other non-voice data during the period of silence. The consecutive time slots (205, 210) can be associated with a data block (200). The non-voice data can be a data payload of the other time slot (210).

Abstract: A system and method for adding auxiliary data DA to an output data stream from a statistical multiplexer is disclosed. An auxiliary multiplexer accepts a statistically multiplexed data stream, and substitutes auxiliary data packets for null data packets. The auxiliary multiplexer controls the number of null packets in the statistically multiplexed data stream by controlling the target bandwidth BT of the statistical multiplexer, or by modifying the statistical multiplexer equation to make the auxiliary data stream a participant in the negotiation process of allocating throughput among the data sources.

Abstract: Bit-transparent muxing of an input signal for transport through an optical communications network. A fixed length container of the optical communications network is defined, which includes an overhead and a payload. A stuffing ratio (?) is based based on a line rate of the input signal and a data rate of the container. A number (NFS) of fixed stuffs is computed based on the stuffing ratio (?). The input signal and NFS fixed stuffs are inserted into the payload of the container, and the computed number NFS stored in the container's overhead. In some embodiments, the container is an overclocked OTU-3 (OTU3+) frame having a line rate of 44.6 Gb/s. This enables bit-transparent mux/demux of four nominal 10-Gig signals having line rates within a range of between 7.6 Gb/s and 10.4 Gb/s, or a single nominal 40-Gig signal having a line rate within a range of between 38.8 Gb/s and 41.6 Gb/s.

Abstract: A null packet insertion apparatus including a null packet remover for removing an irregularly inserted null packet from an externally received video/audio transport stream; a null packet bit rate calculator for calculating a bit rate of the removed null packet; a GUI for determining the transmission period of a periodic null packet to be newly inserted, based on the calculated bit rate, by an external user; a periodic null packet generator; a multiplexer for regularly inserting the periodic null packet preferentially and inserting the video/audio transport stream with the irregular null packet removed, and performing multiplexing; a non-periodic null packet generator; and a PCR corrector.

Abstract: The method and system provide for transporting a secondary communication signal from a secondary carrier network with a primary communication signal from a primary carrier network. The method and system load the overhead from the secondary communication signal into unused bytes of the primary communication signal, thereby creating a transport overhead. The payload from each of the secondary communication signal and the primary communication signal are combined, thereby creating a transport payload. The transport payload is combined with the transport overhead to form a transport communication signal. The transport communication signal is sent to a destination where the transport communication signal is disassembled. The secondary communication signal's overhead and payload are removed from the transport communication signal and transmitted in a secondary communication signal to the secondary carrier network.

Abstract: A method and a system provide access to a communications medium that is suitable for allowing use of a plurality of Home Phoneline Network Association (HPNA) v2 frames in a centralized manner. Each HPNA v2 frame is timed to allow an Inter-Frame Gap (IFG) portion having a duration that is substantially a duration defined by an HPNA v2 protocol specification for an IFG portion of an HPNA v2 frame. A plurality of frames are generated in the communications medium with at least one frame of the plurality of frames having timing to allow a Shortened Inter-Frame Gap (SIFG) portion and a contention-free portion. The SIFG portion is less than about 17 ?sec in duration. Access to the communications medium is then provided for at least one station (STA) during the contention-free portion of a frame having timing to allow the SIFG portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transport encoded asset data and content data, multiplexing the transport encoded content data with a plurality of NULL transport packets to provide “place holder” for the asset data transport packets, and replacing the NULL transport packets with asset data transport packets prior to transmitting the multiplexed transport stream to a set top box.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for originating a packet.

Abstract: A method of transmitting inband signaling messages in a mobile telecommunications network using SACCH burst. In order to avoid puncturing a fixed amount of bits out of every SACCH burst for inband signaling, the 40-bit FIRE code of the SACCH is replaced with a shorter CRC code, thereby creating unused bits for carrying the messages. After the SACCH block is shortened, a plurality of dummy bits are inserted into the shortened block prior to applying a ½ convolutional code to obtain the coded block. The coded block is further interleaved, reordered and mapped into 4 SACCH bursts. The dummy bits in each SACCH block are then replaced by the inband signaling for transmission.

Abstract: A bit synchronization circuit composed of a multiphase data sampling unit for converting each received burst data sets to multiphase data trains, a phase determination unit for generating a control signal indicating an optimum phase data train, an output data selector for selectively passing optimum phase data train indicated by the control signal, and a data synchronization unit for converting the optimum phase data train to a data train in synchronization with a reference clock. The phase determination unit repeatedly detecting the optimum phase data train during the same burst data set is received. When optimum phase varies, the output data selector dynamically switches the optimum phase data train to be supplied to the data synchronization unit.

Abstract: A method transmitting a message over at least one of a plurality of radio frequency (RF) channels of an RF communications network is provided. The method comprises the steps of detecting a presence of jamming pulses in the at least one of the plurality of RF channels. The characteristics of the jamming pulses in the at least one of the plurality of RF channels is determined wherein the determined characteristics define at least interstices between the jamming pulses. The message is transmitted over the at least one of the plurality of RF channels wherein the message is transmitted within the interstices of the jamming pulse determined from the step of determining characteristics of the jamming pulses.

Abstract: The invention solves the problem of DTMF delay by shifting the delay and in-band signal processing to the receiving packet gateway. The transmitting gateway continues to process and transmit voice packets while also detecting DTMF signals. The receiving gateway's jitter buffer holds voice packets for the worst-case DTMF detection period. As the receiving gateway is about to play out a voice packet it checks to see if a packet has arrived indicating DTMF was present. If not, the voice is played out as usual. If DTMF is present, the voice is muted and a DTMF generator invoked by the receiving gateway to recreate the DTMF signaling. The audio remains muted until no more time periods are marked as containing DTMF. In this way, the delay in voice playout due to the possible presence of DTMF is completely subsumed in the normal jitter buffer delay.

Abstract: A method for transmitting and/or receiving wireless data and an apparatus therefor are provided. The method includes the steps of (a) when the length of a collection of data in an application layer is longer than the length of the payload of a protocol which the lower layer supports, dividing the collection of data into a plurality of protocol units, and transmitting the protocol units of data after adding at least one of the length information and location information of the data divided into the protocol units; and (b) determining whether or not a loss of data occurred, by referring to the information on the length and location of data divided into the protocol units in the step (a), and inserting blank data into the part corresponding to the lost data to re-form the entire collection of data.

Abstract: A communication system communicates control data in unused segments in the data stream of an asynchronous channel. The communication system includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit transmits communications data to the receiving unit via the asynchronous channel, in compliance with the channel's asynchronous protocol. However, the transmitting unit transmits control data to the receiving unit in unused segments of the data stream.

Abstract: In the communication system which performs the data communication by the discrete multi-tone modem scheme between a plurality of data communication units using the time-division half-duplex communication function, the ratio between the data transmission time suitable for data communication and the quasi-data transmission time dynamically changes within one period. Further, bits are assigned in such a manner that the data of one period can be transmitted during the data transmission time of that period. Dummy bits are assigned to the portions of the data transmission time to which the data to be transmitted has not been assigned.