Abstract: An anode for a d.c. arc furnace is described. The furnace area receiving the melt (2) is provided on the inside with an electrically conductive, refractory lining (8,9,11). The latter is electrically connected to a conductor (12) located on the outside and which has a cylindrical construction and is placed around the electrically conductive lining. The conductor is advantageously fixed to the inside of the steel jacket (3) of the furnace.

Abstract: The bottom of a solid metal charge melts to fill a form below the charge. During melting, usually, the metal that enters the form remains continuous with an unused solid part of the charge. After cooling, the formed metal is removed together with the unused part of the charge--and usually with the form too. They are separated later or in a different operation, and another charge is positioned immediately for melting into another form, so the useful duty cycle is very high. A preferred form of the invention uses an upper melting chamber and a lower forming chamber, separated by a horizontal wall but communicating by an aperture through the wall. The charge and form are placed against the wall from below to block the aperture. The charge preferably extends up through the aperture into or toward the melting chamber, where an arc electrode or other heater melts the top of the charge, particularly near its center.

Abstract: An electric arc furnace includes a crucible having a metal shell for recovering precious metals from spent material. The shell includes a metal tap hole and a slag door positioned above and opposite the metal tap hole. A removable swinging roof is provided above the crucible together with a plurality of electrodes for heating the spent material. Also, a cooling band circumscribes the crucible for cooling the metal shell. Conveyors are provided for distributing the spent material at a plurality of points located between the electrodes and the wall of the crucible. The crucible is tilted to allow the removal of the slag and metal.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing ultrafine particles by arc energy characterized by disposing an electrode inclinedly as to a base material so as to generate a magnetic blow to arc, disposing a suction opening at the direction of the arc blown, and cooling vapors generated, followed by collection thereof can improve the production efficiency of ultrafine particles with a uniform particle size.

Abstract: An arc furnace having a space for accommodating charging material, said space being disposed on one side of the furnace vessel and communicating with the interior of the furnace vessel and being disposed at least partly in the region of radiation of the arc of at least one arc electrode. The arc electrode is movable towards and away from the charging material accommodating space, and thereby permits better utilization of the radiant heat generated by the arc.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the metallurgical aftertreatment of premelted metals, especially steel, consisting of a cylindrical ladle receiving the melt and closed by means of a cover and one or more electrodes passing through the cover and intended for heating the melt via electric arcs. The electrodes consist of metal castings, preferably of continuous-casting billets, which have a composition corresponding to the analysis of the metal melt. The invention also relates to a process for the aftertreatment of steel melts with very low carbon contents or with narrow carbon tolerances, in which electrodes consisting of a continuously cast low-carbon steel billets are used to heat the steel melt via electric arcs.

Abstract: Apparatus for the continuous making of steel in an electric steelmaking furnace, having a charge material preheater, continuous charging means, and means for removing refined steel without removing the furnace electrodes from operation, wherein charging and tapping are accomplished while maintaining full electric power, and allowing for good control over both product quality and product chemistry.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electric-arc fired blast furnace system for the reduction of iron-bearing material utilizing electric-arc heated air containing a reducing gas or carbon-containing fuel allowing for a decrease in the amount of coke normally used in the reduction process. The excess reducing gases exiting the furnace are utilized as a source of power via a system consisting of turbines, compressors and a heat exchanger to drive the electrical generators which are used to provide electricity to the arc heaters. This arrangement forms an essentially closed loop furnace system for metal reduction. Injection of finely-divided coal into the arc-heated air to provide reductants is also employed.