Abstract: A combination of a FOUP (front opening unified pod) system and a reticle system utilized for the transport of wafers and a reticle system, the latter of which are used for transporting reticles from a first fabrication site to a further site at another location, and which provides for a unified system enabling the automated and trackable delivery of the reticles between these sites. Provided is a modified FOUP base structure, which is adapted to retain a reticle and to be able to employ existing equipment in a fabrication site which only necessitates a minimal modification of the equipment in order to render the latter universally adaptable to the combination of the systems.

Abstract: A band to band transfer module according to the present invention may be used with a substrate carrier transport system, or other systems, to transfer substrate carriers (e.g., small lot substrate carriers) from one conveyor to another conveyor or between two points on the same conveyor. The transfers (e.g., pick and place) of the substrate carriers may be made between conveyors traveling at different speeds. Numerous other aspects and features are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to semiconductor wafer fabrication and more particularly but not exclusively to advanced process control methodologies for controlling oxide formation using pressure. The present invention, in one or more implementations, includes a pressure stabilization system to dynamically adjust scavenger pressure in a furnace during wafer fabrication in relation to a pressure formation range, value, or one or more pressure indicators in a wafer fabrication process.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for cleaning and drying a container for semiconductor workpieces. The apparatus comprises a load port with a fixture that receives a dirty container and delivers it to a deck assembly with a carrier that removably receives the container for further handling. While the container is received by the carrier, a robot with a first end effector removes the container door and places it on a portion of the carrier. The robot includes a second end effector that engages the carrier and elevates the carrier and container for insertion into a process chamber. The process chamber includes a rotor with at least one receptacle wherein the rotor is rotated to create both high pressure and low pressure regions. Once the container and carrier are loaded into the rotor, the rotor is rotated and means for cleaning injects a processing fluid onto the container and carrier. After a rinse stage and while the rotor is rotating, the means for drying delivers air across the container and carrier.

Abstract: Substrate processing with return processing is carried out efficiently by a substrate processing apparatus that continuously processes a plurality of substrates. The apparatus is equipped with a conveyor chamber constituting a substrate convey space, a plurality of process chambers in which substrate processing is carried out, a substrate conveying device provided in the conveyor chamber having a function of conveying substrates, and a substrate convey control device that controls the process of substrate conveyance by the substrate conveying device so that in a case in which after a substrate is continuously processed by two or more process chambers, the substrate is re-conveyed from the last process chamber to any of the two or more process chambers other than the last and return processing is implemented. In the re-conveyance, the substrate is conveyed to any of the process chambers after being temporarily retracted to a place other than a process chamber.

Abstract: A system is disclosed allowing non-invasive, continuous local and remote sensing of the internal environmental characteristics of transportable containers. The system utilizes a variety of sensors inside the container to sense internal environmental conditions.

Abstract: A substrate transportation device includes a housing for transporting substrates. The housing is formed of an upper surface, a lower surface, and opposing sidewalls. The housing has a rear opening through which the substrates enter the housing and a front opening through which the substrates exit the housing. A plurality of hollow supporting members are disposed within the housing and affixed to the opposing sidewalls which are formed by a plurality of columns. The hollow supporting members have a plurality of apertures in an upper surface for supplying a medium to a lower surface of the plurality of substrates. A medium supply member transfers the medium toward the hollow supporting member. The medium transferred by the medium supply member is delivered through the apertures in the upper surface of the plurality of hollow supporting members to float the substrates on a cushion of air.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for auto-boating includes supporting a tape substrate having first and second end portions on a boat, sandwiching the first and second end portions between respective ones of a pair of end sleeves and the boat, coupling a boat clip to the boat, and removing the end sleeves from between the first and second end portions and the boat clip.

Abstract: A platform 12 is supported by four belts 22 to 25. Of the belts 22 to 25, a pair of belts 24, 25 is attached to a pivoting arm 26 so that the pivoting arm 26 is pivotable around a pivoting shaft 28. Pivoting of the pivoting arm 26 absorbs, for example, the difference in length between the belts 24, 25. The present invention makes it possible to simplify an elevate and lower driving mechanism of the platform 12 and to easily adjust the lengths of the belts 22 to 25. The present invention also makes it possible to prevent vibration during elevation or lowering and to allow the belts 22 to 25 to stand long use.

Abstract: A substrate processing system which is capable of preventing dust from becoming attached to substrates without increasing the degree of cleanliness of a clean room to a predetermined level, and also capable of increasing the substrate processing throughput without increasing the burden on workers. a plasma processing apparatus 2 that subjects semiconductor wafers W to plasma processing in a cleaned atmosphere. A SMIF 4 has a enclosure 23 that is connected to the plasma processing apparatus 2 and has a cleaned atmosphere therein, a pod stage 26 on which a pod 3 housing semiconductor wafers W is mounted, a pod mounting portion 24 that carries out removal of semiconductor wafers W from the pod 3 and housing of semiconductor wafers W into the pod 3, and a wafer cassette transfer arm 27 that transfers semiconductor wafers W between the pod stage 26 and the plasma processing apparatus 2 via the enclosure 23.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a load port for providing access to an article that is stored in a container having a container door removably coupled to a container shell. The load port preferably loads/unloads a container directly from a container transport system. In one embodiment, the load port includes a plate having an opening, a container support plate, a drive assembly for moving the support plate vertically and a shroud to partially enclose the opening. The shroud, which may be affixed to the mounting plate, has an open top and bottom. The shroud contains a mechanism for retaining the container shell at a controllable height. During operation, a container is raised from the transport system into the shroud until the container shell is retained by the mechanism. After the container shell is uncoupled from the container door, the container support plate is lowered until the article is accessible through the opening. The container shell remains located at the controllable height.

Abstract: A transport system for conveying articles along conveyance paths including straight, curvilinear, horizontal, inclined and declined conveyance sections. The articles are conveyed between a pair of vertical belts while being supported by protrusions extending from the vertical belts. The vertical belts are guided using a multiplicity of vertical rollers that are configurable into straight, curvilinear and dynamically changing conveyance sections. Multiple conveyance sections can be joined end to end to transport articles over complex paths and over long distances. The articles conveyed may include semiconductor wafers.

Abstract: An overhead buffer 24 is provided on a side of a running rail 4 for an overhead travelling carriage 8. The height level of an article on the overhead buffer 24 is slightly lower than that on the running overhead travelling carriage 8. This height is at least such that the overhead buffer 24 does not interfere with an operator. According to the present invention, the overhead buffer can be installed even if load ports are consecutively provided.

Abstract: A substrate kinematic coupling or guide plate for a substrate carrier having textured or patterned surfaces at the points of contact to reduce frictional forces generated between automated processing equipment and the kinematic coupling. The textured surface reduces the contact area between the processing equipment and the contact portion of the kinematic coupling, thereby reducing the resultant frictional force. By reducing the frictional force, the substrate carrier more readily settles on the mounting pins of the processing equipment, thus avoiding intolerable height and angular deviations during automated access to the substrates. Textures include, but are not limited to, a knurl pattern, ridges running laterally along the contact portions, and ridges running longitudinally along the contact portions. The textures may be formed by a blow molding, injection molding or in an overmolding process, or by a machining or imprinting process.

Abstract: A storage shelf 4 is provided which has, for example, two rotatable mounts 18, 19. A notch 41 is formed in the mount 18 so that a cassette 34 can be freely transferred between the lower mount 19 and an overhead travelling carriage 8. ID readers 6 are provided on poles 16, 17 of the mounts 18, 19, respectively. Thus, the ID 36 of the cassette is read and memorized in a storage shelf file 13. The IDs of stored articles can be managed, resulting in advanced operations.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a container transport and loading system. The system generally comprises a load port for presenting articles to a tool and a container transport system. In one embodiment, the load port includes a vertically movable FOUP advance plate assembly that is adapted to load and unload a FOUP from a conveyor that passes by the load port and move the FOUP horizontally. In another embodiment, the load port includes a vertically movable support structure that is adapted to load and unload a container from a shuttle that passes by the load port. The various embodiments of the load port and container transport system are improvements over conventional container transport systems. The present invention also includes a shuttle for simultaneously transporting multiple containers that a load port may load or unload a container from.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for moving substrates in and out of a manufacturing process.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus having an improved transfer unit, is presented. The lithographic apparatus includes a processing unit that performs a lithographic process involving exchangeable objects in which the processing unit includes an illumination system that provides a beam of radiation, a support structure configured to support a patterning device that imparts a desired pattern to the beam of radiation, a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate, and a projection system configured to project the patterned beam onto a target portion of the substrate. The lithographic apparatus also includes a transfer unit comprising a single robot. The single robot is configured to transfer a first exchangeable object from a loading station to the processing unit and to transfer a second exchangeable object from the processing unit to a discharge station.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for manufacturing semiconductor devices are disclosed. In accordance with the invention, a wafer transfer device for transferring wafers from wafer storage containers to wafer processing equipment includes a flow chamber designed to reduce the amount of contaminants that can enter the wafer container. The wafer transfer apparatus provide two gas inlets for allowing two gases to flow through the flow chamber of the transfer apparatus. This results in a reduced amount of contaminants able to enter the wafer container, which in turn results in manufacture of devices with more reliable performance characteristics as well as high manufacturing yield.

Abstract: A substrate transfer system is used in fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) device. The system includes a cassette having a bar code, a cassette stocker to store the cassette; an auto guided vehicle that is able to transfer the cassette; a moving path unit to determine a moving path of the auto guided vehicle, a plurality of process stages at which processes are conducted on a substrate during fabrication of the LCD device, and a host to control the cassette stocker, the auto guided vehicle and the process stages. At least one of the auto guided vehicle and the cassette stocker having a bar code reader.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus having an improved transfer unit, is presented. The lithographic apparatus includes a processing unit that performs a lithographic process involving exchangeable objects in which the processing unit includes an illumination system that provides a beam of radiation, a support structure configured to support a patterning device that imparts a desired pattern to the beam of radiation, a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate, and a projection system configured to project the patterned beam onto a target portion of the substrate. The lithographic apparatus also includes a transfer unit comprising a single robot. The single robot is configured to transfer a first exchangeable object from a loading station to the processing unit and to transfer a second exchangeable object from the processing unit to a discharge station.

Abstract: A centering member 20 is pressed downward using an elastic member 28; the centering member 20 is provided at the bottom of a platform 14. A plate 26 receiving an upper end of the elastic member 28 is positioned high while the platform 14 is elevating. The plate 26 is positioned low after the platform 14 has been completely elevated. While the platform 14 is elevating or lowering, a pressing force on the centering member 20 is reduced. After the platform 14 has been completely elevated, the pressing force is weakened. The present invention suppresses vibration of the platform having been completely elevated. The present invention also prevents the article from exerting a strong upward force on the platform via a pressing member when the article is loaded or unloaded.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer processing machine comprising a cassette-placing mechanism having a cassette-placing table for placing a cassette storing a semiconductor wafer, a workpiece take-in/take-out mechanism for taking out the semiconductor wafer stored in the cassette placed on the cassette-placing table and taking the semiconductor wafer into the cassette, a workpiece conveying mechanism for conveying the semiconductor wafer taken out by the workpiece take-in/take-out mechanism, a chuck table mechanism having a chuck table for holding the semiconductor wafer conveyed by the workpiece conveying mechanism, and a processing mechanism for processing the semiconductor wafer held on the chuck table, wherein the cassette-placing mechanism comprises an aligning mechanism for aligning the crystal orientation of the semiconductor wafer, which is situated below the cassette-placing table.

Abstract: While gas in a general storage container with no gas inlet and in the storage container with the gas inlet is replaced in a short time, the semiconductor wafer surface is cleaned. In an apparatus for replacing gas in a semiconductor wafer storage container which includes a lid unit and a storage container main body with a gas inlet, the apparatus includes gas introducing means for introducing the gas into the storage container main body, gas evacuating means for evacuating the gas in the storage container main body, and gas circulating means for circulating the gas in the storage container main body through a chemical adsorption filter. Gas introducing means for introducing the gas from a gap between the storage container main body and the lid unit while the lid unit is opened in the storage container mounting means is provided in the storage container with no gas inlet.

Abstract: In a first aspect, an automatic door opener is provided that includes (1) a platform adapted to support a substrate carrier; (2) a door opening mechanism adapted to open a door of the substrate carrier while the substrate carrier is supported by the platform; and (3) a tunnel. The tunnel is adapted to extend from an opening in a clean room wall toward the platform and at least partially surround the platform. The tunnel is further adapted to direct a flow of air from the clean room wall toward the platform and out of the tunnel. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A transport system for conveying articles along conveyance paths including straight, curvilinear, horizontal, inclined and declined conveyance sections. The articles are conveyed between a pair of vertical belts while being supported by protrusions extending from the vertical belts. The vertical belts are guided using a multiplicity of vertical rollers that are configurable into straight, curvilinear and dynamically changing conveyance sections. Multiple conveyance sections can be joined end to end to transport articles over complex paths and over long distances. The articles conveyed may include semiconductor wafers.

Abstract: A cassette position control device controls the position of a cassette in which wafers are stored, when the wafer cassette is loaded on a cassette support. In addition to the cassette support, the device has a cassette moving section and a control section. The control section senses the state of the wafer cassette on the cassette support, and generates and outputs a motor drive signal to move the cassette to a designated relative position on the cassette support. The cassette moving section moves the wafer cassette to the designated position in response to the motor drive signal. Therefore, wafers can be loaded/unloaded to and from the same designated position after the wafer cassette has been placed on a cassette support.

Abstract: A method for carrying a semiconductor device includes: (a) providing semiconductor devices each having a main surface, a back surface, and a plurality of external terminals; (b) providing a tray having a front surface, a rear surface, an electronic tag imbedded in the tray, first concaved portions formed on the front surface, second concaved portions formed on the rear surface, the electronic tag constituted by a non-contact recognition type chip having a memory circuit in which recognizable information is stored, a depth of the first concaved portion is deeper than a depth of the second concaved portion; (c) housing the semiconductor devices into the first concaved portions respectively in such a manner that the back surface of the semiconductor device being oppose to a bottom of the first concaved portion; and (d) carrying the tray with the semiconductor devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides an overhead travelling carriage system in which an overhead travelling carriage 110 is run along a running rail to convey a cassette 14 between processing devices 111. The overhead travelling carriage system is provided with an elevating space 8 for a platform 12 on which transfer means 51 is provided to transfer the cassette 14 and a storage space 10 in which a plurality of shelves are provided in a vertical direction to store cassettes 14. The elevating space and the storage space are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the running rail, as viewed from above. According to the present invention, the stocker requires a reduced space.

Abstract: A substrate protection and transport system and method for transitioning a substrate from atmospheric pressure to vacuum in a lithography tool. The system includes one or more removable substrate transport cassettes that support a substrate. The cassette can include a base portion and top portion, and can include a seal. Each cassette has at least one vent and at least one filter. The system further includes a box having a base and lid. The box holds one or more cassette-substrate arrangements. A storage rack having shelves for holding the box-cassette-substrate arrangement is also provided. Further, an entry-exit module having a loadlock is provided for transitioning the cassette-substrate arrangement from atmospheric pressure to vacuum. The entry-exit module can include a shuttle and/or elevator for transporting the cassette-substrate arrangement.

Abstract: A system is disclosed allowing non-invasive, continuous local and remote sensing of the internal environmental characteristics of transportable containers. The system utilizes a variety of sensors inside the container to sense internal environmental conditions.

Abstract: An article transfer method using a self-propelled carriage capable of supporting an article and travelling along a fixed path is provided in which an article supporting body forming a final operating section is turned without performing lateral movement and with making little protrusion toward the article handling section, by combining longitudinal movement of a movable body with respect to a vehicle body and turning movement of a turnable body with respect to the movable body. As a result, means for performing lateral movement of the article supporting body can be omitted, and hence the overall device can be constituted in a simple and inexpensive manner.

Abstract: A material handling and transport system and process for moving a substrate carrier between storage and processing destinations are provided. The system includes a vehicle that runs on a support structure, such as a pathway or a track assembly supported on the floor, which may be in a pressurized tunnel. A carrier nest on the vehicle receives and supports the carrier. A lifting mechanism on the vehicle vertically raises and lowers the carrier nest. A load port support surface is disposed vertically above the support structure. The carrier is raised through an opening in the load port support surface. A load port nest on the load port support surface receives and supports the carrier adjacent a selected destination. A carrier manipulation mechanism manipulates the carrier over the load port nest. The lifting mechanism then lowers the carrier onto the load port nest. The system is particularly suited for handling and transporting semiconductor wafer carriers.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus of a semiconductor device includes an introducing section, a process section, and a withdrawing section. The introducing section introduces a transfer box therein. The process section takes in the semiconductor substrate put in the introducing section and applies a prescribed processing to the semiconductor substrate. Further, the withdrawing section is arranged on a surface differing from the surface on which the introducing section is arranged and discharges the transfer box holding the semiconductor substrate withdrawn from the process section of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A substrate transfer system is used in fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) device. The system includes a cassette having a bar code, a cassette stocker to store the cassette; an auto guided vehicle that is able to transfer the cassette; a moving path unit to determine a moving path of the auto guided vehicle, a plurality of process stages at which processes are conducted on a substrate during fabrication of the LCD device, and a host to control the cassette stocker, the auto guided vehicle and the process stages. At least one of the auto guided vehicle and the cassette stocker having a bar code reader.

Abstract: A device (10) for handling substrates (11) inside and outside a clean room (15) is provided with a locking transfer device (17), by which means a substrate cassette (12) that is accommodated in a box (13) in clean-room conditions can be removed from or placed in said box (13); and with a first handling device (51), by which means the substrates (11) can be placed in or removed from the cassette (12). According to the invention, a storage area (20) for a plurality of cassette boxes (13) is positioned on or above the clean room (15) and the locking transfer device (17) is provided between the storage area (20) and the clean room (15), so that various work and production steps can be combined in such a way as to save space.

Abstract: A loader includes a receiving section for receiving a FOUP (front opening unified pod), an opener for transporting substrates out of the FOUP, and a transport robot for transporting the FOUP between the receiving section and the opener. When the opener transports the substrates out of the FOUP, the FOUP is placed on a holding table. The holding table is formed with a notch permitting a transport arm of the transport robot to pass through vertically. Thus, the downward passage of the transport arm with the FOUP held thereon through the notch allows the direct transfer of the FOUP from the transport arm to the holding table. This reduces the time required for the FOUP transfer operation, to provide a high throughput, thereby providing a substrate transfer apparatus capable of achieving a high throughput.

Abstract: A tray for handling and retaining a plurality of components, wherein the tray has a rigid body portion and an elastomeric contact layer. The contact layer has a planar upper surface for contacting and retaining the components, and may be formed from a thermoplastic material having a surface energy between 20 dyne/cm and 100 dyne/cm, a hardness of between about Shore A15 and Shore D75, and a surface electrical resistivity of between about 1×104 ohms/square and 1×1012 ohms/square.

Abstract: An automated material handling system that includes an extractor/buffer apparatus capable of simultaneously accessing multiple Work-In-Process (WIP) parts, thereby providing a highly efficient interface between WIP storage locations and transport equipment. The extractor/buffer apparatus includes multiple extractor/buffer modules, each module being configured to interface with a location for holding WIP parts that is a number of WIP parts deep. Each module includes a platform for holding multiple WIP parts. Further, multiple modules may be disposed side-by-side to form an extractor/buffer apparatus capable of handling multiple rows of WIP parts.

Abstract: A method for operating a plurality of stockers, comprises the steps of: monitoring utilization of the plurality of stockers, each stocker capable of storing a plurality of wafer, LCD or reticle containers; and automatically transferring a first wafer, LCD or reticle container from a first one of the stockers to a second one of the stockers if the utilization of the first stocker is greater than a predetermined thereshold.

Abstract: A vacuum processing apparatus which includes a means for transferring substrates from a loader, with a transferring device, to a double lock chamber; and, then to a selected vacuum processing chamber. The substrates are returned to a substrate, by the vacuum loader, into their original position in the substrate table. The surfaces of the substrates are maintained in a horizontal position during processing.

Abstract: A lithography equipment is provided, which includes: a coater coating a substrate with resist; a first buffer storing the substrate supplied from the coater; a baker baking the substrate supplied from the first buffer; a first turn table rotating the substrate supplied from the baker; a first transferor communicating the substrate with the coater, the first buffer, the baker, and the first turntable; an exposer exposing light to the substrate supplied from the first turntable; a developer developing the resist on the substrate supplied from the exposer; and a second transferor communicating the substrate with the first turntable, the exposer, and the developer.

Abstract: The present invention includes: a box case having a size capable of containing an open type of cassette that can hold a plurality of first objects to be processed and capable of containing a plurality of second objects to be processed, the second objects to be processed being larger than the first objects to be processed; a supporting part provided at an inside wall surface of the box case, the supporting part being capable of supporting the second objects to be processed in a tier-like manner; an open-close lid provided at an opening part of the box case in a removable and attachable manner; and a positioning-engaging part provided at a bottom part of the box case in a removable and attachable manner. The open-close lid is capable of sealing the box case. The positioning-engaging part is capable of engaging with a positioning part provided at a lower surface of a bottom part of the cassette to position the cassette.

Abstract: A system, method, and/or program that enables a material handling system to proactively stage lots at ideally located stockers. Input containing the lots to be processed on a process machine is entered into a manual order queue (“MOQ”). The system, method, and/or program then proactively determines the location for the staging of the lots to be processed based at least in part on the state of the stockers.

Abstract: A pod loading station includes a docking mechanism adapted to move a pod between a docked position and an undocked position, and a door opener adapted to unlatch and open a pod door from the pod. A controller is coupled to the docking mechanism and the door opener and is programmed to cause the pod to move from the docked position to the undocked position, and then to cause the pod to move back to the docked position so that it can be determined whether the pod door is properly closed prior to completing the removal of the pod from the pod loading station.

Abstract: A method of controlling a track apparatus in a lithocell apparatus arrangement, is presented herein. The lithocell includes a lithographic exposure apparatus configured to expose substrates and a track apparatus configured to prepare substrates before exposure and develop substrates after exposure. The method includes predicting times at which the lithographic exposure apparatus will be available to accept a prepared substrate for exposure from the track apparatus, and adjusting a rate at which the track apparatus prepares substrates so that a substrate is prepared in time for acceptance by the lithographic exposure apparatus. By adjusting the track rate so that substrates are ready just as the lithographic exposure apparatus needs them, the use of the buffer in the track can be largely avoided or even eliminated entirely.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus includes an X stage, a linear motor (X-axis) which drives the X stage along the X-axis, a linear motor (Y-axis) which drives a Y stage along the Y-axis, a laser interferometer which detects position information of the stages along the X and Y directions, and a controller which controls the linear motor (X-axis) and linear motor (Y-axis) based on a detection result of the laser interferometer. The controller controls the linear motor (Y-axis) based on the position information of the stages along the X direction detected by the laser interferometer, so as to cancel a force generated along the Y-axis by the linear motor (X-axis) when the linear motor (X-axis) is to drive the stage in the X direction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for conveying substrates, which is capable of efficiently conveying large substrates and has a function to temporarily store the substrate in a buffer unit. The apparatus includes a substrate support unit, a conveying unit, and the buffer unit. The substrate support unit supports the substrate thereon. The conveying unit sequentially conveys the substrate support unit to a plurality of processing units. The buffer unit is provided at a predetermined portion of the conveying unit to move the substrate support unit upward away from the conveying unit in a vertical direction, thus temporarily storing the substrate support unit therein while spacing the substrate support unit apart from the conveying unit. The substrate conveying apparatus thus efficiently conveys the substrates, regardless of sizes of the substrates, while temporarily storing the substrates to buffer a difference in the processing time.

Abstract: A transfer robot (5) for thin substrate capable of efficiently detecting the stored state of thin substrates and an inspection method for thin substrate capable of accurately detecting the stored state of thin substrates; the robot (5), comprising an inspection camera (1) for detecting the stored state of the thin substrates (3) in a storage cassette (2), wherein the plurality of thin substrates (3) stored in the storage cassette (2) are carried out from the storage cassette (2) by the robot.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a load storage apparatus that can automatically and efficiently adjust the distances for which its transferrer moves loads to transfer them. The apparatus may include a rotary rack, fixed racks and a transferrer. Each of the racks may include shelves. The transferrer includes a carrier for transferring cassettes by moving relative to the shelves. The carrier can be fitted with a unit including a photoelectric switch for detecting ends of the shelves. The apparatus measures the distance for which the carrier moves from a reference position toward each of the shelves until the photoelectric switch of the unit on the carrier is activated. The measurement enables the apparatus to learn the distance for which the carrier moves to the position where a cassette can be transferred onto and from each of the shelves.